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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

uterus

The uterus is composed of smooth muscle and lined with the endometrium. During pregnancy the blastocyst implants here and as it grows the uterus stretches.

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

cervix

The neck of the uterus is the cervix. It protrudes into the vagina and is where the semen is deposited during intercourse.

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

vagina

This canal extends from the cervix and leads outside the body. The vagina is lined with mucous membranes and receives the penis during intercourse. During birth the vagina enlarges to become the birth canal.

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

These two folds consist of fatty and fibrous tissue that protect the entrance to the vagina. Many glands secrete oils keeping the inner surface moist and the outer surface is covered in pubic hair. (The labia majora are part of the vulva.)

labia majora

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

These two folds lack fatty tissue and pubic hair. The labia minora are the inner folds of skin that surround the clitoris and protect the urethral opening. (The labia minora are part of the vulva.)

labia minora

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

The clitoris is made up of erectile tissue, nerves and blood vessels. It is sensitive to touch and when stimulated becomes ‘erect’ and engorged with blood. (The clitoris is part of the vulva.)

clitoris

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

The two ovaries are the primary female reproductive organs. They produce and release ova.

ovary

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Illustration copyright © McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd

The two uterine tubes extend from the ovaries and lead to the uterus. The fimbriae at the ends of the tubes direct the ovum into the tubes where ciliated epithelial cells and muscle contractions guide the ovum down to the uterus.

oviduct