A-JUMP - A New Project with MBR for Evolved Wastewater Treatment

in Japan

Ichiro HARADA

Wastewater and Sludge Management Division,

National Institute

for Land and Infrastructure Management

Contents

1 Background and objectives

2 Installing MBR demonstration project

for reconstruction of existing plant

3 Satellite MBR demonstration project

for reclamation of wastewater

4 Costs review

5 Conclusion

1 Background and objectives of the project

Advantage of installation of membrane technology in sewage plants

Improvement in removal performance for contaminants

Downsizing of facilities

Easy operation and management

Decrease in generated sludge volume

Removal of pathogenic microbes

4

For broader use of membrane (1)

Processing capacity (m3/day) April 2005 April 2008 April 2011

0 - 500 1 3 6

501 - 1,000 2 3

1,001 - 5,000 1 4 6

5,001 - 10,000 1

10,001 - 1(reconstruction)

Total 2 9 17

Table: Growth of the number of MBR plants in Japan

Expansion of scale (enhancing middle- to large-scale plants)

Application to facility rehabilitation (2,100 WWTPs existing)

Upgrading to advanced treatment (coverage: 31% of population)

5

For broader use of membrane (2)

Figure: Expansion of reclaimed wastewater use in Japan

Application to various uses of reclaimed wastewater

Reduction of costs (utilization rate: 2% of volume)

Water for cleansing

Water for toilet flushing

Water for melting snow

Water for heat source

Water for the environment

Water for measures against

heat islands

Industrial water

Agricultural water

226

288

193

104

77

42 17

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1978 1983 1988 1993 1998 2003 2008

Fiscal year

Num

ber

of

pla

nts

supply

ing

ext

ern

ally

recla

imed w

ater

202 million m3/y

6

Implementation of A-JUMP

Advanced of Japan Ultimate Membrane bioreactor technology Project

7

Demonstration activities of MBR introduced at actual plants

Accumulation of knowledge and findings required for installation of MBR (to reflect in guidelines)

Promotion of full-fledged penetration of MBR in Japan and overseas

Objectives and goals of A-JUMP

• Reconstruction of existing sewage treatment facilities

Application to rehabilitation at larger-sized treatment plants

• Construction of satellite treatment facilities

Application to reclaiming wastewater

8

Outline of A-JUMP

Demonstration period

from August 2009 to March 2010

Project implementing body

Private enterprises entrusted by MLIT through public offering procedure

(demonstrating continuously by municipalities beyond FY 2010)

Evaluation and reflection of the results

Revising ‘The Guidelines for Introducing Membrane Technology in Sewage Works’ by technical committee

9

Subjects verified in A-JUMP demonstrations

Common

*Cautions on arrangement of installing facilities to introduce MBR *Optimal operating conditions for MBR systems *Stability of treatment with quantitative and qualitative changes *Cautions on treating excessive sludge *Understanding of cost structures/Study of cost reduction

Demonstration for reconstruction

*Considerations for the structures of the existing reactor tanks, etc. *Usability of the existing air blowers and other equipment

Demonstration for wastewater reclamation

*Usability of water treated in the MBR as reclaimed water

10

2 Installing MBR demonstration project

for reconstruction of existing plant

Overview of demonstration for reconstruction of existing plant

Site Moriyama Water Treatment Center, Nagoya City

Drainage system Combined system

Sewage treatment process applied MBR

Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (UCT: University of Cape Town) renovated from conventional activated sludge process

Installing location of membrane modules

Immersed type (integrated into reactor tank)

Type of membranes Organic flat MF membrane type

Designed volume of treated water (m3/day)

4,000 (in winter) to 5,000 (in summer)

Targeted treated water quality

COD 8.1 mg/L T-N 7.0 mg/L T-P 0.66 mg/L

12

Facility configuration at reconstructing existing plant

Primary sedimentation tank (existing)

Final sedimentation tank (existing)

Primary sedimentation bypass route

Treated water

Sewage (from grid chamber)

Anoxic tank

Anaerobic tank

Aerobic tank

Denitrification liquid circulation

Nitrification liquid circulation (Coagulant)

Organic flat membrane

Excess sludge Raw sludge

Sludge treatment (existing)

Fine screen

13

Treated water quality in the demonstration for reconstruction

0

25

50

75

100

1/22 3/13 5/2 6/21 8/10 9/29 11/18 1/7 CO

D o

f In

flue

nt W

ater

(m

g/L)

0

10

20

30

40

Influent Water Treated Water

Targeted treated water quality (8.1mg/L)

Date

CO

D o

f Tre

ated

Wat

er (

mg/

L)

14

Permeation flux and trans-membrane pressure difference in the demonstration

Ave

rage

dai

ly t

rans

-mem

bran

e pr

essu

re d

iffe

renc

e (k

Pa)

Ave

rage

dai

ly p

erm

eation

flux

(m

/day

)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Permeation flux

Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Membrane cleaning

Trans-membrane pressure difference

Load varying

15

Main results of the demonstration for reconstruction of existing plant

Stability of the treatment

Treatment was stable except T-P, treated water quality of which reached the target in fine weather through distributing influent and circulating nitrification liquid appropriately. Addition of coagulant was necessary in rain weather for stable removal of phosphorus.

Operating

Membrane could be cleaned without adverse effect and the volume and properties of sludge slightly changed.

Usability of the existing plant

It was possible to reuse the existing facilities and to omit primary sedimentation.

16

3 Satellite MBR demonstration project

for reclamation of wastewater

Image of reclamation at a satellite plant

Sewage pipe

Pumping station

Sewage

Reclaimed water (to adjacent destination)

Sludge

Satellite MBR plant

Wastewater treatment plant

Effluent

Upstream

18

Overview of demonstration for construction of satellite plant

Site Kinuura Tobu regional sewerage, Aichi Prefecture

Drainage system Separate system

Sewage treatment process applied MBR

Recycled nitrification/denitrification with coagulant added

Installing location of membrane modules

External type

Type of membranes Ceramics MF membrane type

Designed volume of treated water (m3/day)

80 x 3 lines (loading up to 120)

Targeted treated water quality

COD 5.0 mg/L T-N 8.0 mg/L T-P 0.50 mg/L

19

Facility configuration at satellite plant

Sedimentation tank

P

Sludge (return to sewage pipes)

Coagulant

Anoxic tank

Aerobic tank Sewage

(from pumping station)

Nitrification liquid circulation

Treated water (reclamation)

Counter pressure cleaning water

Ceramics membrane

20

Treated water quality in the demonstration at satellite plant

T-N

(m

g/L)

0

10

20

30

40

50

2/1 3/1 3/29 4/26 5/24 6/21 7/19 8/16 9/13 10/11 11/8 12/6

Influent Water

Treated Water

Date

Targeted treated water quality (8.0mg/L)

21

Main results of the demonstration for construction of satellite plant

Stability of the treatment

SS, BOD and T-P were removed up to the targeted level despite the influent exceeding designed volume. Although stable nitrification had required an acclimating period under the high-load condition, more than 80% of nitrogen in influent was removed.

Arrangement of the facilities

Some points of attention to return sludge to sewage pipes were obtained.

Usability of water reclamation

For applications requiring higher quality, such as stable removal of chromaticity, an additional treatment process should be needed.

22

4 Costs review

Methods of costs review

Concept 1) Virtual plants are designed on the assumption of hypothetical conditions. 2) Details of MBR systems are based on proposals by the seven membrane manufacturers cooperating. 3) Installation costs of MBR are compared with those of some conventional processes that attains the same performance level.

Items of accounting costs

1) Construction: civil engineering, machinery, electrical 2) Operation & Maintenance (O/M): electrical energy, chemical, etc. 3) Life cycle costs(LCC)

24

Assumption of costs accounting

Purpose Reconstruction - introduction of advanced treatment to conventional activated sludge process

Wastewater reclamation - use of reclaimed water: toilet flushing, landscaping, recreation, industrial use

Volume of treated water

50,000m3/day

500m3/day

Conventional process for comparison

1) anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process 2) multi-stage denitrification-nitrification process + rapid filtration process

1) construction of satellite plant: extended aeration process + post-treatment* 2) utilization of existing plant: conventional activated sludge process + post-treatment* * processes according to the kind of reclamation use

25

Comparison of construction costs among reconstructing plants

Cons

truc

tion

cost

s (w

hen

anae

robi

c-an

oxi

c-oxi

c p

roce

ss

is 1

00)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Civil engineering

Machinery Electrical Total

Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process Multi-stage denitrification-nitrification process MBR

26

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Electrical energy

Chemical Other Total

Comparison of O/M costs among reconstructing plants

O/M

cost

s (w

hen

anae

robi

c-an

oxi

c-oxi

c p

roce

ss

is 1

00)

Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process Multi-stage denitrification-nitrification process MBR

27

Comparison of LCCs in wastewater reclamation

Wat

er r

ecla

mat

ion

cost

s (w

hen

utili

zation

of

exis

ting

pla

nt is

100)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Toilet flushing

Landscaping use

Recreation use

Industrial use

MBR (satellite)

Utilization of existing plant Extended aeration process (satellite)

28

Land acquisition costs

Conveyance costs

Main results of costs review

Reconstruction to introduce advanced treatment

The average construction costs of MBR were lower than other processes.

MBR was also advantageous to the O/M costs except electrical energy.

Construction of satellite plant to reclaim wastewater

The installation costs of MBR in satellite plant varied significantly depending on the kind of MBR systems.

It is necessary to consider the conveyance costs to the destination when utilizing an existing plant.

29

5 Conclusion

The results of A-JUMP

A-JUMP confirmed that the MBR was available for application to:

1) reconstruction of existing plant to introduce advanced treatment,

2) construction of satellite treatment plant to reclaim wastewater.

The estimated costs for MBR installing were as reasonable as those of other treatment processes.

reflecting

“The Guidelines for Introducing Membrane Technology in Sewage Works: The 2nd Edition”

(http://www.mlit.go.jp/mizukokudo/sewerage/mizukokudo_sewerage_tk_000209.html)

31

Panoramic view of the existing plant to demonstrate reconstruction

Demonstration site

32

Membrane units inside aerobic tank

33

Civil engineering works

Partition wall in reactor tank

The bottom of reconstructed aerobic tank

34

Machinery and electrical works

Control panel Air supply pipe

35

The satellite plant located beside the pumping station

Pumping station

Demonstration facilities

36

Panoramic view of the satellite facilities and applied membrane

37

Sewage and treated water

Sewage

Treated water

38

Thank you for your attention!

• This presentation was made on the 4th EWA/WEF/JSWA Specialty Conference in Kobe, July 26-27, 2012.

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