a power systems engineering consultancy company digsilent ... · presented by jennifer crisp,...
TRANSCRIPT
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A power systems engineering consultancy company
DIgSILENT Pacific
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Overview of Grid integration of Renewables in Australia
On target for Paris agreement?
Presented by Jennifer Crisp, DIgSILENT Pacific 8th International Solar Integration Workshop
Stockholm, Sweden 16 October 2018
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This presentation
• Context – Ambitious State targets at odds with divided Federal government
• Currently • Very high wind penetration in South Australia and still growing • A solar gold rush
• Outlook – It’s getting harder to connect renewables
• Paris agreement – not achieving the targets yet…
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The Australian context
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Australian government record
• Carbon pricing scheme introduced 2010; axed in 2014
• Ratified the Paris Accord in November 2016, 26 per cent reduction from 2005 levels by 2030.
• Renewable energy trading scheme extended to 2030, but with lower limits
• Federal government initiates Independent review of into the Future Security of the National Electricity Market
• Rejects key recommendation for a Clean Energy Target
• Federal government coalition room approves National Energy Guarantee • Prime Minister announces he won’t legislate the NEG’s stated emission targets, drawn
from Paris Agreement
• Prime Minister is replaced, and NEG policy withdrawn – September 2018 5
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State and Territory policies • QLD: 50% by 2030 • VIC: 40% by 2025 • SA: 50% by 2025 • WA: no targets • TAS: 100% by 2022 • NT: 50% by 2030 • ACT 100% by 2020 • QLD, NSW, VIC, TAS, SA net
zero emissions by 2050
6 Source: Climate Council of Australia, ’Renewables ready: States leading the way’ 2017
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The current picture
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Australia: Total renewable generation
8 Source: Australian energy update report 2018, Dept of the Environment and Energy August 2018
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Solar installations
9 Australian PV Institute (AVPI) Solar Map, funded by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency
8452 MW @ 6/2018
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Solar PV residential % by Local Government area
Source: Australian PV institute, Solar Map
40% +
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NEM – grid scale generation only
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Source AEMO: Generator information page (at July 1 2018)
Wind: existing 5 115 MW committed 2 992 MW proposed 16 643 MW Solar: existing 960 MW committed 2 315 MW proposed 21 899 MW Total: existing 49 990 MW
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Outlook It’s getting harder to connect
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Concerns about high
penetration levels
• SA renewable generation > load • Inertia and frequency control • Operation of load shedding schemes
• SA Blackout 2016
• Concerns about multiple fault ride through • Interconnector overloads • Active power reduction during power system
voltage dips
• High penetration • Congestion • System strength issues • Modelling using EMT software
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Regulatory framework changes
• New Technical Standards – largely targeting inverter-based generation • Multiple fault ride through conditions – many permutations • Much higher over-voltage requirements
• System strength impact assessment • Minimum short circuit level set, where all plant is stable, at defined nodes • Assess stability of new generators at this level • If not stable then must mitigate (eg synchronous condenser)
• Modelling • Modelling with PSCADTM now required as well as PSS/eTM
• Benchmarking between them • Testing and commissioning has become more onerous too
14 Connection is becoming more complex and slower
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Technical standards
• Ride through 15 faults in 5 minutes • Overvoltages at the connection point:
• 120-125% for 2 s • 115 - 120% for 20s • 110 – 115% for 20 minutes
• Continuous uninterrupted operation – interpreted to mean active power
should be maintained for voltages in the range 90 – 110%
• Strict requirements for reactive power injection during faults and over-voltages
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Where does that leave us for the Paris accord?
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Electricity contribution to green-house emission large
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Source: NDEVR environmental
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Progress against targets (excl. land use)
• Overall emissions seem to be increasing still
• If projected solar and wind generation is not slowed by new regulation or government policy, there is still a good chance Australia will be able to meet its Paris targets.
18 Source: NDEVR environmental
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Summary
• Despite federal government inaction on energy policy there is considerable enthusiasm for investment in wind and solar generation in Australia.
• Residents have embraced rooftop solar generation. • There are many grid-scale solar and wind projects in progress.
• If progress is not slowed by complex and expensive regulation or
government policy, there is still a chance that Australia will meet or exceed its Paris emission reduction targets.
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References
• Climate Council of Australia ‘Renewables Ready: States leading the Charge’ 2017 https://www.climatecouncil.org.au/uploads/9a3734e82574546679510bdc99d57847.pdf
• Department of Environment and Energy ‘Australian Energy Update Report 2018’ August 2018 https://www.energy.gov.au/publications/australian-energy-update-2018
• Australian PV Institute (AVPI), Solar Map, funded by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency, accessed from http://pv-map.apvi.org.au/analyses
• AVPI, Solar Map http://pv-map.apvi.org.au/historical#5/-26.706/134.121
• Australian Energy Market Operator ‘Generator Information Page’ https://www.aemo.com.au/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Planning-and-forecasting/Generation-information
• Australian Energy Market Commission ‘Generator technical performance standards’ https://www.aemc.gov.au/rule-changes/generator-technical-performance-standards
• NDEVR Environmental http://ndevr.com.au/environmental/tracking-2-degrees-fy18-q4
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Questions and discussion?
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