a summarised fuel consumption balancing of the autark hybrid drive line
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A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid Drive Line. Bernd-Robert Höhn Hermann Pflaum Philipp Guttenberg Ianislav Krastev. 0 / 142.01.34. A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid Drive Line. Conception. Conception. Test Rig Setup. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn
A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid
Drive Line
Bernd-Robert Höhn Hermann Pflaum Philipp Guttenberg Ianislav Krastev
0 / 142.01.34
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn Survey A / 142.01.34
Conception
Cycle Measurements and Fuel Consumption
Summary
A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid
Drive Line
Conception
Test Rig Setup
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn
The Autark Hybrid in principleand objective targets 1 / 142.01.34
reduction ofexhaust gas emission
zero-emission drivingi. e. in city centres
reduction of noise emission
reduction of primary energy consumption
controller
batterye-motor/
generator
continuouslyvariable
transmission
ic-enginefuel tank
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn Approaches 2 / 142.01.34
optimization ofdriveline efficency
recuperation atoverrun conditions
wide gear ratio range through i²-transmission
hybrid operation: at partial-load running no battery charging out of mains
ic-engine operation:in situations with low
specific fuel consumption
electrical operation: in situations with low
power demand
The Autark Hybrid
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 3 / 142.01.34 Operation Strategy
P2-PLM
P2
PG,max
drive power ic-/e
lect
ric e
ngin
e po
wer
PLM
electric engine ic-engine
P1o
hysteresis range
I II III
P1u
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 4 / 142.01.34 Points of operation at
ic-engine map
ic-engine speed
ic-e
ngin
e to
rque
spec. fuel concumption
[g/kWh]
conventional driveline Autark Hybrid
Simulation FTP72-Zyklus
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn Survey B / 142.01.34
Cycle Measurements and Fuel Consumption
Summary
A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid
Drive Line
Conception
Test Rig Setup
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 5 / 142.01.34The Autark Hybrid on Test Rig
ic-engine
electric enginei²-gearbox
adaptordrive
flywheeland brake
load engine
ic-eng.: T,nel-eng.: T,n
output: T,nfuel
consumptionhydraulic:
p, V differentialgear
cardan shaft
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn C / 142.01.34Survey
Cycle Measurements and Fuel Consumption
Summary
A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid
Drive Line
Conception
Test Rig Setup
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 6 / 142.01.34NEDC: t = 630 - 1220 s
0
50
100
cycle speed and driven speedv
[km
/h] vZ (t)
vF (t)
0100020003000
speed of ic-engine and electric engine and state of single disc clutch
n [U
/min
]
n EM (t)n VM (t)ZTK (t)
-100
0
100
200torque of ic-engine and electric engine
M [N
m] M EM (t)
M VM (t)
1.22
6.84
32.5
transmission ratio of i²-gearbox and “shift aktiv"-signal
i [ ]
ZSA (t)iG (t)
t [s]700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 13000
1234
fuel mass flow: measured and calculated
m [g
/s]
t [s]
m Kr,KF (t)m Kr,PLU (t)
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 7 / 142.01.34
Drive Line on Test Rig as schematic Energy Flow Diagram
simulation of the vehicle
battery
electricconsumers
offline-simulation
fueltank ic-engine driving
resistance
vehiclebrakes
kineticenergy
el-engine+ converter
(TFM)
ic-engineT,n
i²-gearbox
output:T,n
el-engine:T,n
input:T,n
ic-enginemfuel
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 8 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle Energy Flow:ic-Engine Operation
NEDC - fuel consumption:
559 g
fuel tank ic-engine
1,85 kWh
starts : 10start cons.: 6 g idling cons.: 1 gbe cyc : 264 g/kWh ic,rel : 97 %
i²-gearbox1,69 kWh
2,1 kWh
0,16 kWh
el-engine (TFM) +converter
0,41 kWh
ic,rel = = = 97 % be opt
be cyc
256 g/kWh
264 g/kWh
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 9 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle Energy Flow:Gearbox and Driving Resistances
i²-gearbox
vehicle-brakes0,10 kWh
kineticenergy0,71kWh
drivingresistance
1,19 kWh
recup.: 0,29 kWh overrun: 0,34 kWh
traction: 1,63 kWhtraction: 1,85 kWh
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 10 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle Energy Flow:Electric System
losses: 0,09 kWhcharg. bal.: -0,03 kWh
hydraulics: 0,15 kWh aux. cons.: 0,22 kWhbattery
electricconsumers
el-engine (TFM) +converter
el. losses: 0,10 kWh
electric driving: 0,16 kWh
recuperation: 0,29 kWh
0,70 kWh
ic-engine: 0,41 kWh
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 11 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle Energy Flow:Fuel Consumption in NEDC-Cycle
tank ic-engine
battery
elektricconsumers
drivingresistancei²-gearbox
meas. consumption: 559 g corr. charg. balance: + 8 gcorr. traction mode: - 2 gcorr. engine: -20 gconsumption: 545 g_____________________consumption: 5,9 l/100 km
brake
el. losses: 0,10 kWh
charg. bal.: - 0,03 kWh el. losses: 0,09 kWh
hydraulics: 0,15 kWh aux. cons.: 0,22 kWh
mech. energies of electric engine: electric driving: - 0,16 kWhgenerator mode: 0,70 kWhtherefrom:recuperation: 0,29 kWhic-engine operation with charging : 0,41 kWh
summ: 0 kWhaccel.: 0,71 kWh
1,19 kWh
0,10 kWh
gearboxoutputtraction: 1,64 kWh/ + 0,5%overrun: 0,34 kWh/ - 0,4%
kineticenergy
electric engine (TFM)+ converter
gearboxinputtraction: 1,85 kWhoverrun: 0,29 kWh
ic-engine:2,09 kWh
be,m: 264 g/kWhVM, reL: 97%starts: 10start cons.: 6 gidling cons.: 1 g
NEDC:simulation: 5,5 l/100 kmmeasurement: 5,9 l/100 km
275 g/kWh
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 12 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle :Comparison to Simulation / Ideal Operation Mode
tank ic-engine
battery
electricconsumers
drivingresistancei²-gearbox
brake
kineticenergyelectric engine (TFM)
+ converter
electric consumption:
+ 0,08 l/100 km
150 kg surplus weight:
+ 0,3 l/100 km
operating points of ic-engine
+ 0,07 l/100 km
recuperation
+ 0,07 l/100 km
BOL
P2
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 13 / 142.01.34Fuel Consumption and Savings
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
fuel
con
sum
ptio
n [l/
100
km]
ECE EUDC NEDC FTP72
manual transmission automatic transmission Autark Hybrid on test rig
- 11%+ 9%
+ 3,5%
]
- 5% + 1,5%- 5,5%
- 10% - 3%
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 14 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle: Further Saving Potentials for Autark Hybrid on Test Rig
tank ic-engine
battery
elektricconsumers
drivingresistancei²-gearbox
brake
kineticenergyelectric engine (TFM)
+ converter
standstill shutdown
of hydraulic system:
- 0,05 l/100 km
operating points of ic-engine
- 0,017 l/100 km
recuperation
- 0,04 l/100 km
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 15 / 142.01.34
NEDC-Cycle: Saving Potentials for a Autark Hybrid Car close to Mass Production
tank ic-engine
battery
elektricconsumers
drivingresistancei²-gearbox
brake
kineticenergy
- 70% reduction of hydraulics demand:
- 0,33 l/100 km
weight reduction about 150 kg:
- 0,3 l/100 km
electric engine (TFM)+ converter
reduction of electric consumers
- 0,35 l/100 km
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn D / 142.01.34Survey
Cycle Measurements and Fuel Consumption
Summary
A Summarised Fuel Consumption Balancing of the Autark Hybrid
Drive Line
Conception
Test Rig Setup
TU M ünchenB.-R . H öhn 16 / 142.01.34Summary
The Autark Hybrid on Test Rig
drive line of the Autark Hybrid has proved it’s function andit’s ability to save fuel
in the actual prototype stadium fuel saving potential of the Autark Hybrid is diminished by several small losses
appreciable savings by reduction of weight and electric consumption of auxiliary systems and application of a pressure-controlled clamping system for CVT