a totally implantable controller for use with rotary lvads ... · ... subtitles, text, ... see if...
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Penn State/3M and Minnetronix developed an implantable motor controller and
transcutaneous energy transmission system (TETS) for the total artificial heart
(TAH) to eliminate the percutaneous cable [1].
Introduction
Minnetronix and Evergreen Medical Technologies have worked with Penn State to
update the implantable controller, TETS coils, cables, and connectors to
improve their construction and implementation of the system. The system is
designed to work with the Penn State Tesla left ventricular assist device.
Updates include the following:
• Smaller, thinner TETS coils for easier implant
• Header with embedded connectors and isolation seals
• An internal frame for support of components and easier assembly
• Implementation of a Medical Device Radio Communication Service
(MedRadio) also known as Medical Implant Communications Service
(MICS) for data telemetry only
• Ability to run the system without a MICS connection as the TETS does
NOT require an RF feedback link
• Addition of a Li-Ion battery pack to increase run time when
decoupled from TETS
Objectives
• Internal frame for ease of construction
• Li-Ion battery pack
• Titanium outer enclosure
• Poured epoxy header with embedded connectors and isolation seals
• Linear inline connectors for pump motor similar to DF4/IS4 standard [3] and
pump pressure sensor similar to neurostimulator connections
• Pin connectors inspired by early pacemaker connections
• MICS antenna embedded in header
• 245 cm3 total volume for the controller
• Designed to support chronic animal studies
Implant Controller Construction
TETS system delivers efficient power transfer over distance and remains cool [2].
• TAH system maximum heat flux was 15 mW/cm2
• Tesla coils maximum heat flux < 10 mW/cm2 for distances under 3cm
TETS Power Transfer
Penn State Tesla Pump Pumping mechanism based on viscous forces imparted by rotating discs to
reduce shear-related adverse effects including hemolysis, platelet activation,
and acquired von Willebrand syndrome. Includes integrated pressure sensor to
detect suction events.
Disclosures
Lori Lucke, Jack Mondry, Minnetronix Inc., Saint Paul, MN, Steven Scott, Evergreen Medical Technologies Inc., St. Paul, MN, William Weiss, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
A Totally Implantable Controller For Use With Rotary LVADS
The TAH controller used hermetic connectors from the military market and was
hand assembled. The system was successfully implanted in 66 chronic animal
studies.
TETS System and Coils
• Subcutaneous coil resized from 29 cm3 to 10 cm3 to improve implantation in
the infraclavicular region
• Primary coil resized from 33 cm3 to 26 cm3 to increase usability
• Subcutaneous coil designed with integrated connectors to improve
implantation connection
Performance Specifications
TAH TESLA VAD
Input supply voltage 12-17 VDC 12-15 VDC
Output voltage 16 VDC 18 VDC
Power delivered 15-80 W 0-22 W
Startup Power 80 W 22 W
Operating frequency 200 KHz 790 KHz
Primary coil diameter 115 mm 95 mm
Secondary coil 95 mm 55 mm
Min. coil separation 0 mm 0 mm
Max. coil separation 25mm 30mm
10mW/cm^2
20mW/cm^2
30mW/cm^2
10mm 20mm 30mm
40mm
50mm
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Effi
cie
ncy
Output Power (W)
TETS system delivers power with no RF feedback link.
AC Power Adapters
External Controller (PC + TETS development stand)
TETS Connection
USB Port
Primary Coil
Secondary Coil
Internal Controller
InternalExternal
MICS
Power Connector
Pump
Connectors Connectors
Battery
Antenna
Power
Medical AC Isolation
Transformer
Tesla System Diagram
LVAD Implant Configuration
TAH Implant Animal No coil tissue damage
Tesla LVAD Implant Animal
TETS System Diagram
TETS Efficiency, Output Power, and Heat Flux
TAH vs. Tesla LVAD TETS Coils
Tesla LVAD TETS Coils Implant Coil with Integrated Connectors
Inverter andCoil Interface
Microprocessor
Vin
Control
Drive
SenseFeedback
Sense
Coil Interface
and Rectifier
Regulator
CommComm
Sense/Ctrl
Control
SenseComm
Vout
External TETs
ExternalApplicationController
InternalApplicationController
Internal TETs
Implantable ControllerExternal System
ImplantablePump
InternalBattery
Power Switch
Batteryor
External Power
Skin
Bar
rier
ExternalCoil
InternalCoil
Tesla LVAD Bench Test System
Tesla Implant Controller Exploded View
Tesla Controller Front Tesla Controller Back
Tesla Controller Header Tesla Motor and Pressure Connectors
References
[1] A. Snyder, G Rosenberg, J. Reibson, J. Donachy, G. Prophet, J. Arenas, B. Daily S. McGary, O.
Kawaguchi, R. Quinn, W. Pierce, “ An Electrically Powered Total Artificial Heart Over 1 Year Survival in
the Calf”, ASAIO Journal, July/Sept 1992.
[2] V. Bluvshtein, L. Lucke, W. Weiss, “Wireless Power Transmission for Ventricular Assist Devices”, ASAIO
Annual Conference, Jun 2013.
[3] ISO 27186 Active implantable medical devices -- Four-pole connector system for implantable cardiac
rhythm management devices - Dimensional and test requirements, 2010
LVAD Implant Controller
TAH Implant Controller
TAH Implant System
Tesla Pump Cross-Section Tesla Pump Exploded View
Results
The Tesla system has several improvements over the original TAH system
including
• Smaller, cool TETS coils
• Power transfer suitable for an LVAD
• Construction of controller designed for manufacturability and testing
• Connectors integrated with cables
• Header constructed with embedded connectors
• MICS for telemetry
• Li-Ion battery
Minnetronix SBIR grants with Penn State were used to develop the Tesla system and TETS system
• NIH 1 R43 HL108434-02
• NIH 1 R43 HL108415-02