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RyjvB 2019 07

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RyjvB 201908

cÖavb iPbv†bŠ cÖhyw³i Afvebxq AMÖMwZ

mvi‡dm e¨vUj MÖæ‡ci m‡½ †_‡K Awfhvb cwiPvjbv| RvnvRwUi Kge¨vU wm‡÷‡g ¸iæZ¡ †c‡q‡Q mvi‡dm Gb‡MR‡g›U, †hLv‡b hy³ Av‡Q GKwU 100 wgwjwgUv‡ii wUAvi A‡Uv‡gwUK Mvb, AvUwU G·v‡mU RvnvR-weaŸsmx wgmvBj Ges `ywU 20 wgwjwgUv‡ii Gd Uz Mvb| ¯^í`~i‡Z¡i †µv‡Uj wmGb Uz A¨vw›U-Gqvi wgmvBj wm‡÷g Ges A¨v÷vi c‡q›U Gqvi wW‡dÝ wgmvBj, B‡jKUªwbK R¨vgvi I wWKq jÂvi g~jZ AvZ¥iÿvi Rb¨B G‡Z hy³ Av‡Q| jv dv‡qZ K¬vm mvgv‡n †nwjKÞvi n¨vÛwjs wm‡÷g eënvi K‡i GKwU †nwjKÞvi en‡bI mÿg| RvnvRwUi bKkv ¯^í †_‡K gvSvwi `y‡h©vMc~Y© cwi‡e‡k IB `vwqZ¡¸‡jv cvj‡bi Dc‡hvMx| Gi gvwë-wgkb mÿgZv †Kej G `vwqZ¡ m¤úv`‡bi m‡½ mivmwi m¤úwK©Z| hwÌ 2017 mv‡j nvjbvMv‡ì mgq GLv‡b GKwU bZzb Kge¨vU g¨v‡bR‡g›U wm‡÷g, B‡jKUªwbK wkc BÝU‡jkvb K‡›Uªvj hy³ Kiv n‡qwQj| ZviciI gvwë-wgkb ej‡Z †hme êwkó¨gwÐZ Rvnv‡Ri K_v gv_vq Av‡m †m¸‡jv †_‡K †ek wcwQ‡q jv dv‡qZ|

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gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi †bŠevwnbx wgkb gwWDj RvnvR Dbœq‡bi KvR nv‡Z †bq 2001 mv‡j| G D‡`¨v‡Mi cÖ_g c`‡ÿc wQj GjwmGm (wjUivj Kge¨vU wkc), GKwU wgkb †d¬w·ej cø¨vUdg©| GGmWweøD, GgwmGg Ges mvi‡dm Iqvi‡dqviÑcÖwZwU wgk‡bi Rb¨ wbw`©ó wQj G‡KKwU gwWDj| cvkvcvwk A¨vmvë mv‡cvU© I Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GLv‡b hy³ Kiv nq wfbœ gwWDj| GjwmG‡mi cÖv_wgK mvd‡jï ci gvwK©b †bŠevwnbx wd«Wg K¬vm (GjwmGm-1) Ges BbwW‡cb‡WÝ K¬v‡mi (GjwmGm-2) `ywU bZzb wgkb gwWDj RvnvR wbg©vY K‡i| GjwmG‡mi g~j †K‡›`ª wQj wgkb gwWDj| Ab¨w`‡K GjwmGm-2 Dbœq‡bi D‡Ïk¨ wQj Awfhvb mÿgZv †hb `ªæZ d‡ivqvW© †e‡R cwieZ©b Kiv hvq| Z‡e jÿ¨ c~i‡Y Lye †ewk Kv‡R Av‡mwb G¸‡jv| MZ eQ‡ii Rvbyqvwi‡Z †c›UvM‡bi Acv‡ikvbvj †Uw÷s A¨vÛ Bf¨vjy¨‡qkvb Awdm GK cÖwZ‡e`‡b Rvbvq, Ach©vß Kge¨vU ivWvi, mxwgZ RvnvR-weaŸsmx wgmvBj †mî-wW‡dÝ Ges ÿqÿwZ wbqš¿‡Yi Abycw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y GjwmGm RvnvR¸‡jv LyeB Zxeª hy× cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wU‡K _vK‡Z Aÿg|

gvwK©b †bŠevwnbx‡Z wbhy³ GjwmGm¸‡jvi eo `ywU mxgve×Zv i‡q‡Q| Gi GKwU n‡”Q, mwZ¨Kv‡ii ev¯Íe cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avmbœ †Kv‡bv Awfhv‡b G ai‡bi Rvnv‡Ri wVK Kx ai‡bi mywbw`©ó wgkb cÖ‡qvRb Zv wba©vi‡Y RwUjZv| A_©vr WvK cvIqvi AvM gyn~‡Z©

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gvwë-wgkb nvBweªW†QvU AvKv‡ii †bŠevwnbxi Rb¨ gwWDj aviYv GLbI †ek AvKl©Yxq| G †cÖwÿ‡Z mv‡ei cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i Ki‡fU¸‡jvi êwkó¨ n‡”Q †jv-wmM‡bPvi, GKBm‡½ gvwë-wgkb mÿg| A¨vw›U-Gqvi Iqvi‡dqvi, A¨vw›U-mvi‡dm Iqvi‡dqvi, GGmWweøD, j¨vÛ A¨vUvK, gvBb ¯’vcb, wm jvBbm Ae KwgDwb‡Kkvb (GmGjIwm) cÖ‡UKkvb, †Mv‡q›`v Z_¨ msMÖn, AvšÍR©vwZK Awfhvb cwiPvjbv I RvZxq ch©v‡q mnvqZvi †ÿ‡Î Kgc¨v± wWRvB‡bi G RvnvR¸‡jv LyeB cvi`k©x| bKkvi Kvi‡Y Gi MwZmxgv †hgb †ewk, †Zgwb wU‡K _vKvi mÿgZvI h‡_ó| we¯Í…Z †fŠ‡MvwjK cwi‡e‡k cwiPvjbvi cvkvcvwk GKK Awfhvb-mÿg †f‡m‡ji †P‡q G¸‡jv eo AvKv‡i †bŠ Awfhvb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| G KvR¸‡jvq mnvqZvi †ÿ‡Î G Ki‡fU¸‡jvq i‡q‡Q eo AvKv‡ii ÷vb© WK-Gwiqv, jÂ I wiKfvwii Rb¨ GKwU ÷vb© i¨v¤ú, gbyl¨wenxb hvb ev †nwjKÞvi n¨v½vimn GKwU †nwjKÞvi †WK|

gvwK©b †bŠevwnbx Zv‡ì cieZ©x-cÖR‡b¥i gvwë-wgkb MvB‡WW wgmvBj wd«‡MU GdGdwRi (G·) Rb¨ wKQzUv iÿYkxj `„wófw½ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| GLv‡b we`¨gvb wWRvBb I cÖhyw³ eënvi Kiv n‡e, Z‡e GjwmGm ev GmGmwmi †P‡q ˆ`‡N©¨ n‡e eo Ges hy× mÿgZvq AviI cvi`k©x| G D‡Ï‡k¨ bKkv mieiv‡ni Rb¨ cuvPwU †Kv¤úvwb‡K wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

gvwë-wgkb Rvnv‡Ri aviYvi cv‡j GLbI wek¦e¨vcx †Rvi nvIqv i‡q‡Q| hy³ivóª I BD‡iv‡ci cvkvcvwk A‡÷ªwjqv, `wÿY †Kvwiqv I Zzi‡¯‹i †bŠevwnbx G

iq¨vj †mŠw` †bwfÕi Rb¨ evbv‡bv n‡”Q jKwnW-gvwU©‡bi GjwmGmwfwËK GgGgGm| AvaywbK †gwiUvBg GesB‡KvbwgK wbivcËv ûgwKi weiæ‡× jovB‡q Kvh©Ki Ges weaŸsmx f‚wgKv ivL‡e Giv|

RyjvB 2019 09

cÖavb iPbv gvwë-wgkb mvi‡dm wkc

RvZxq RvnvR wb‡R‡ì en‡i hy³ Kivi cwiKíbv wb‡q‡Q| we`¨gvb I fwel¨‡Zi RvnvR¸‡jv nqZ AviI mywbw`©ó mÿgZvq ev gvwë-wgkb Dc‡hvMx K‡i wbg©vY Kiv n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î eZ©gv‡b mxgve×Zv †_‡K cvIqv wkÿv eo wbqvgK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e|

cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx Rvnv‡Ri Kvh©ÿgZv e`‡j †djvi cvkvcvwk mvi‡dm RvnvR wbg©vY cÖhyw³‡Z AmvaviY wKQz DbœqbI bRi Kvo‡Q| we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡ki †bŠevwnbxi g‡bv‡hvM GLb ÔAcv‡ikvÝ Av`vi `¨vb IqviÕ (IIwUWweøD)| kÎæcÿ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ mivmwi †bŠhy‡×i m¤¢vebv K‡g Avmvi Kvi‡Y †bŠevwnbx¸‡jv GLb êwPÎ¨gq I KLbI KLbI mvsNwl©K Pvwn`vi cÖwZ bRi w`‡Z eva¨ n‡”Q|

AvaywbK †gwiUvBg Lv‡Z ¯^í wKQz cÖhyw³B ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡”Q w÷j_ wkc| 2016 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i gvwK©b †bŠevwnbx ÔBDGmGm RygIqvëÕ bv‡g cÖ_g w÷j_ wkc en‡i hy³ K‡i| GLb ch©šÍ wbwg©Z me‡P‡q eo †W÷ªqvi GwU| Avi‡j evK© K¬v‡mi †P‡q AvKv‡i 40 kZvsk eo n‡jI Gi ivWvi wmM‡bPvi GKwU gvQ wkKv‡ii †bŠhv‡bi g‡ZvB| ¯^í ivWvi wmM‡bPv‡ii GKwU RvnvR wWRvB‡bi †ÿ‡Î me‡P‡q eo D‡ØM n‡”Q mwµq ivWvi wmKvimn wewfbœ hy×RvnvR I wm-w¯‹wgs RvnvR-weaŸsmx wgmvBj †_‡K wbM©Z ivWvi weg| G cwiw¯’wZ †gvKvwejvq w÷j_ wkç‡jvi Dc‡ii Ask cÖ_vMZ RvnvR¸‡jvi Zzjbvq LyeB Kg m¤úªmvwiZ| G Qvov ivWv‡ii gva¨‡g kbv³ nIqv Gov‡Z GLv‡b Uv‡iU I dv‡b‡ji g‡Zv †MvjvKvi mvi‡dm cwinvi Kiv nq| bKkvi †ÿ‡Î GB ivWvi µm-†mKkvb (AviwmGm) aviYv MZ kZ‡Ki Avwki `k‡K wewfbœ †`‡ki †bŠevwnbx ¯^Zš¿fv‡eB Dbœqb K‡iwQj|

w÷j_ cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g wWRvBb Kiv RvnvR¸‡jv GK ev GKvwaK ivWvi, wfRy¨qvj, †mÝi I Bbd«v‡iW

c×wZ‡K Gwo‡q †h‡Z mÿg| g~j cÖhyw³wU w÷j_ GqviµvdU †_‡K avi Kiv n‡jI we‡kl wKQz êwkó¨ †hgb I‡qK A¨vÛ A¨vKz¨Bw÷K wmM‡bPvi wiWvKkvb G‡ÿ‡Î Abb¨ ms‡hvRb|

wjUivj Kge¨vU wkc Ges gvwë nvjUªvBgvivb n‡”Q GKvwaK nv‡ji RvnvR| G ai‡bi Rvnv‡R GKwU cÖavb nvjmn AviI `ywU †QvU AvDUwiMvi nvj (†d¬vU) _v‡K, †h¸‡jv wjUvivj we‡gi gva¨‡g cÖavb nv‡ji m‡½ hy³ _v‡K| AwaKvsk UªvBgvivb Bq‡Ui Rb¨ wWRvBb Kiv n‡j bZzb bZzb DcKiY eo AvKv‡ii RvnvR †hgb †dwi, GgbwK hy×RvnvR wbg©v‡YiI my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q| 1998 mv‡j hy³iv‡Rï cÖwZiÿv gš¿Yvjq UªvBUb bv‡gi GKwU UªvBgvivb nv‡ji M‡elYv RvnvR wbg©v‡Yi Kvh©v‡`k cÖ`vb K‡i| 2000 mv‡j R‡j bv‡g UªvBUb|

RvnvR wbg©vZv †Kv¤úvwb A÷ªv‡ji AwfÁZvi Ici wfwË K‡i hy³ivóª 2005 mv‡j GKwU GjwmGm UªvBgvivb (BwÛ‡cb‡WÝ) wbg©v‡Yi g~j¨vqbcÎ `vwL‡ji Rb¨ †Rbv‡ij WvBbvwgK‡mi m‡½ Pzw³ K‡i| 2010 mv‡j GjwmGm BwÛ‡cb‡WÝ en‡i hy³ nq| Gi d¬vBU †WK hy³iv‡óªi †h‡Kv‡bv mvi‡dm Kge¨vUv‡›Ui †P‡q eo Ges Gi n¨v½vi †e `ywU GgGBP-60 †nwjKÞvi avi‡Y mÿg| G RvZxq AviI QqwU †f‡mj wbg©v‡Yi Kvh©v‡`k w`‡Z hv‡”Q hy³ivóª| Gw`‡K fvi‡Z ¯’vbxqfv‡e wbwg©Z cÖ_g K¨vUvgvivb nv‡ji RvnvR n‡”Q AvBGbGm gvKvi| 2012 mv‡j fvi‡Zi †bŠevwnbxi en‡i hy³ nq gvKvi Ges GLb Kvh©µ‡g Av‡Q|

GKK nv‡ji (g‡bv nvj) Rvnv‡Ri Zzjbvq UªvBgviv‡bi †ek wKQz myweav i‡q‡Q| GKB ˆ`‡N©ï g‡bv nv‡ji Rvnv‡Ri Zzjbvq GKwU UªvBgvivb ¯^í MfxiZvq Pj‡Z mÿg| Gi we‡gi cÖ¯’ †ewk Ges †ewk `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Bw›U‡MÖ‡UW B‡jKwUªK cÖcvjkvbBw›U‡MÖ‡UW B‡jKwUªK cÖcvjkvb cÖhyw³ Ggb GKwU eë¯’v †hLv‡b M¨vm UvievBb ev wW‡Rj †Rbv‡iUi ev DfqB w_ª-†dR we`y¨r Drcbœ K‡i hv B‡jKwUªK †gvUi Pvjbvq eëüZ nq| Avi GB †gvUi¸‡jvB cÖ‡cjvi ev IqvUvi †RU Pvjy K‡i| GB cÖhyw³ †gKvwbK¨vj mÂvj‡bi cwie‡Z© ê`y¨wZK mÂvjb eënvi K‡i| d‡j K¬vP ev wMqvi e· eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv| G cÖhyw³i myweav¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Rvnv‡Ri †h‡Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b BwÄb ¯’vc‡bi ¯^vaxbZv, Kg kã Ges Rvnv‡Ri IRb I AvKvi n«vm| hy³iv‡Rï GBPGgGm KzBb GwjRv‡e_, hy³iv‡óªi RygIqvë K¬vm †W÷ªqv‡i eëüZ n‡”Q Bw›U‡MÖ‡UW B‡jKwUªK cÖcvjkvb|

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¯^í‰`‡N©ï mvi‡dm Uz mvi‡dm wgmvBjcÖ_vMZ A¨vw›U-wkc wgmvBj I Mv‡bi mxgve×Zv we‡ePbvq bZzb weKí n‡q DV‡Q nvjKv IR‡bi BI wgmvBj| 25 wK‡jvwgUvi ev ZviI †ewk `~i‡Z¡ AvNvZ nvb‡Z mÿg G wgmvBj Lye mn‡RB †QvU c¨vUªj µvdU I nvjKv †nwjKÞv‡i hy³ Kiv hvq| †gwiUvBg mswkøó Awfhv‡b GUv n‡Z cv‡i LyeB Kvh©Kix GK A¯¿| ivdvj I GgwewWGÕi †cvU©‡dvwjI‡Z GiB g‡a¨ hy³ n‡q‡Q G ai‡bi wgmvBj|

A¨vKwUf wWKqmvi‡dm Kge¨vUv›U ev mve‡gwi‡b eëüZ cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i wWK‡q _vK‡e GK ai‡bi mwµq Dcv`vb, hv G¸‡jvi Kvh©KvwiZv evov‡e †ek K‡qK¸Y| ivdv‡ji ÔUiev÷viÕ-Gi g‡Zv A¨vKwUf U‡c©v‡Wv wWKq U‡c©v‡Wv †Qvovi ciI Zv‡K wbw®Œq Ki‡Z cv‡i|

BGg †ijMvbnvB †f‡jvwmwU cÖ‡R±vBj wb‡ÿ‡c B‡jK‡Uªvg¨vM‡bwUK kw³ eënvi K‡i †ijMvb| we‡ùviKkw³ PvwjZ mvgwiK Mvb¸‡jvi gvRj

BDGm †bŠevwnbxi me©vaywbK cÖhyw³i A¨vWfvÝW Iqviwkc BDGmGm RygIqvë (wWwWwR 1000)

RyjvB 201910

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Bwjk i¶vq AfqvkÖg ¯’vcb

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2| †fvjv †Rjvi g`bcyi/Pi Bwjkv †_‡K Pi wcqvj ch©šÍ (†gNbv b`xi kvnevRcyi kvLv b`xi 90 wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv)

3| †fvjv †Rjvi †f`ywiqv †_‡K cUzqvLvjx †Rjvi Pi iæ¯Íg ch©šÍ (†ZZzwjqv b`xi cÖvq 100 wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv)

4| cUzqvLvjx †Rjvi Kjvcvov Dc‡Rjvi mgMÖ AvÜvigvwbK b`xi 40 wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv|

5| kixqZcyi †Rjvi bwoqv I †fìMÄ Dc‡Rjv Ges Puv`cyi †Rjvi gZje Dc‡Rjvi g‡a¨ Aew¯’Z cÙv b`xi 20 wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv|

6| ewikvj †Rjvi wnRjv, †g‡n›`xMÄ I ewikvj mì Dc‡Rjvi Kvjveì, MRvwiqv I †gNbv b`xi cÖvq 82 wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv|


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RyjvB 2019 13

we‡kl iPbv evsjv‡`k †bŠevwnbxi Abb¨ AR©b

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gv Bwjk i¶v I Acv‡ikvb RvUKv cwiPvjbvq †bŠevwnbx

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RyjvB 201914

we‡kl iPbv

weMZ 35 eQ‡i LvZIqvwi grm¨ Drcv`b (jÿ †g. Ub)

30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00

1983-84

Af¨šÍixY gy³ Rjvkq (AvniY) Af¨šÍixY e× Rjvkq (grm¨Pvl) mvgyw`ªK

1993-94 2003-04 2013-14 2017-18

eQiwfwËK Bwj‡ki Drcv`b

Bwj‡ki Drcv`b (†g. Ub)

Af¨šÍixY Rjvkq mvgyw`ªK Rjvkq †gvUe„w×i nvi (%)A_©eQi

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

89,900

95,970

1,14,768

1,14,520

1,14,475

98,648

1,27,514

1,35,396

1,40,756

2,17,469

2,32,698

2,00,100

2,02,951

1,98,574

2,25,325

2,32,037

2,52,575

2,57,626

2,51,815

2,54,195

2,78,948

2,84,500

2,90,000

2,88,921

3,13,342

3,39,845

3,46,512

3,51,223

3,85,140

3,87,211

3,94,951

4,96,417

5,17,198

3.87

3.08

4.82

8.46

1.96

1.36

9.66

0.54

2.01

25.69

4.19

A_©eQi 1983-84

21.88%

15.53% 62.56%

Af¨šÍixYgrm¨ AvniY

Af¨šÍixYgrm¨Pvl

mvgyw`ªK grmÄvniY

A_©eQi 2017-18

15.31% 28.45%

56.24%

Af¨šÍixYgrm¨ AvniY

Af¨šÍixYgrm¨Pvl

mvgyw`ªK grmÄvniY

grm¨Pv‡li µgea©gvb Drcv`b wPÎ (1983-84 †_‡K 2017-18)

LvZ †eBRjvBb Drcv`b(2013-14)(†g. Ub)

cÖ‡ÿcY(2020-21)(% e„w×)

AMÖMwZ2017-18 ch©šÍ

(% e„w×)

Af¨šÍixY e× Rjvk‡q grm¨ Drcv`b 19.57

9.96

3.85

5.95

45 22.89

22.19

34.29

10.08

20

20

18

Af¨šÍixY gy³ Rjvkq †_‡K grm¨ AvniY

Bwjk Drcv`b

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5| ¯’vbxq evRvimg~‡n Kv‡i›U Rvj wewµi e¨vcv‡i grm¨ Kg©KZ©v‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq Kvh©eë¯’v MÖn‡Yi w`Kwb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb|

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RyjvB 2019 15

AskMÖnY AvšÍR©vwZK wm‡¤úvwRqvg, G·vimvBR I cÖ`k©bx‡Z evsjv‡`k †bŠevwnbx

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RyjvB 201916

AskMÖnY

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RyjvB 2019 17

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RyjvB 201918

†bŠkw³ †`‡k †`‡kAvšÍR©vwZK †bŠevwnbx I †bŠwelqK msev`

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