abes uk company presentation

© Advanced Bridge Engineering Systems Limited

Registered in England No.7078241. Registered Office: 84 Whiting Street, Bury St Edmunds, IP33 1NZ, UK

UK Advanced Bridge Engineering Systems Limited

www.abes-uk.com ABES

Advanced Bridge Engineering Systems

Company

Presentation

Advanced Bridge Engineering Systems PO Box 676, Bury St Edmunds, IP33 9GD, UK

Phone: 01284 767 857

Mobile: 077 60 61 62 66

Email: [email protected]

Web: www.abes-uk.com






Index

Company Presentation

Company Profile

Members

Software – SOFiSTiK

Area of Excellence

Segmental Bridges

Incrementally Launched Bridges

Composite Bridges

Cable Supported Bridges

Structural Dynamics

Earthquake engineering

High-Speed Railway Bridges

Wind Dynamics

Pedestrian and Light-Weight Bridges

Reference Projects

Bridges by Other SOFiSTiK Customers

Short References

SOFiSTiK



UK ABES Advanced Bridge Engineering Systems

Advanced Bridge Engineering Systems Limited

www.abes-uk.com

ABES Company Profile

ABES Services

ABES provide modelling and sub-consulting services in the UK and worldwide. We

are able to provide these services in a wide range of applications in the fields of

bridge engineering, general structural engineering and building design.

ABES engineers have extensive experience in the application of high-end analysis

software. We have a solid track record in solving complicated analysis problems

and we are capable of turning analysis results into practical design solutions.

ABES have licences of powerful software tools including SOFiSTiK and a variety of

in-house products. We also have a team of software engineers at our disposal to

help with the coding of project-specific software solutions where appropriate.

ABES Client Requirements

ABES typically assist clients who are active as design consultants. Our specific

expertise in various highly specialised areas allows us to provide efficient and

practical solutions for specific challenges within short time frames. If our clients

want to solve structural design problems that are complex, intricate, unusual,

outside of their normal field, or time critical, then we can help with our consulting

services and our powerful software resources.

( … PTO)






( … from previous page)

Working with ABES

ABES are flexible and willing to cooperate in various ways with our clients

depending on what works best in a given situation. We can work as part of a

project team on a large project and support other members of this team with their

modelling tasks. Or we can solve specific isolated tasks and return a report and a

model if desired.

ABES Areas of Expertise

ABES areas of expertise include, and go far beyond, the following topics:

Consideration of non-linear and time-dependent material properties including

steel yielding, concrete cracking, creep and shrinkage or various soil material

models.

Stability analysis, P-Delta effects and buckling analysis.

Modelling of complex geometries with a variety of element types including for

example: form finding for cable-supported structures or membrane

structures, determination of pre-cambers or geometry control for pre-cast

segmental bridges.

Construction sequence simulations for all construction techniques used in

bridge and building engineering.

Structural dynamics for bridge and building applications including earthquake

analysis and design, footfall analysis, wind dynamics, vehicle structure

interaction.

CFD analysis for simulation of wind flow interacting with structures.





www.abes-uk.com

Members

ABES International is the umbrella organisation representing the members of

the ABES network of consulting offices situated in Bury St Edmunds, Tel Aviv,

Lisbon, Graz, Sydney and Hanoi.

Consulting International

INT ABES

ABESAT Graz

Austria ABESIL Kedmor Engineers

Tel Aviv Israel

ABESPT GIPAC Lisbon

Portugal

ABESVN Hanoi

Vietnam ABESUK

Bury St Edmunds UK

ABESOZ Sydney Australia

http://www.kedmor.co.il/home/index.html

http://www.gipac.pt/gipamb/gipamb.htm

http://www.abes-international.com/








Software

ABES is an authorized reseller for SOFiSTiK, a well-known software house from

Germany which is perfectly suited to support project engineers in their everyday

work, as well as providing highly specialised solutions for the most complicated

tasks.

SOFiSTiK can handle a very wide range of civil engineering applications, of which

bridges is just one part, and this is one of its main strengths: one package can

take the place of many disparate packages, and since one licence can be used in

any office it is cost effective to use the common interface for many applications in

many locations. More details of SOFiSTiK can be found at www.sofistik.com

ABES offers the following services for SOFiSTiK:

- Software development for civil and structural engineering.

- International software sales.

- User support, training and individual project support.

ABES supports and develops software for all areas of civil and structural

engineering.

Bridges: all types of bridges and erection methods.

Buildings: full and partial building models including construction sequence.

Geotechnical: excavations, semi-infinite solids, soil-structure interaction.

Tunnelling: construction simulation, tunnel intersections, tunnel lining.

Foundations: all types of foundations.

Slabs & walls: arbitrary geometry, pre-stressing.

Membranes: complex 3D geometries, tensioning sequence, design checks.

Dams: 3d dam models, potential problems.

In the UK our focus is on bridges.



www.abes-uk.com

Areas of

Excellence





www.abes-uk.com

Segmental Bridges

ABES engineers have been involved in the design and

construction of numerous segmental bridges including

pre-cast and cast onsite solutions as well as cable-stayed

solutions. The strength of our engineers lies

predominantly in the ability to find the right solutions for

specific situations. Our designs reflect the deep understanding of the advantages of

segmental methods. We are also used to working

closely with contractors and understand their point

of view. Our solutions are always tailored to the

available equipment and the optimal use of this

equipment.

Reference projects:

Wadi Abdoun Bridge, Jordan

Siak Bridge, Malaysia

Smuuli Bridge, Estonia

Quarry Bridge, Israel

Nesharim Interchange, Israel

Em Ha'Moshavot Bridge, Israel

Rach Mieuh Bridge, Vietnam

Waiwera Bridge, New Zealand

Morasha Interchange, Israel

Wadi Acbara Bridge, Israel.





www.abes-uk.com

Incrementally Launched Bridges

Incrementally launched bridges are often cost-effective

solutions for continuous bridge beams. The industrialised

manufacturing of bridge girders in a casting or assembly

yard often leads to considerable cost savings and a high

quality of workmanship. In

situations where scaffolding is difficult to implement this

method can be a competitive solution. The mild

reinforcement of incrementally launched concrete

bridges is continuous, giving these bridges a

comparatively high level of ductility which is

advantageous in areas with stringent earthquake design

regulations. Incrementally launched steel or composite

bridges can be assembled quickly and provide all the

advantages of light-weight solutions.






ABES engineers are recognised for their experience

in the design and the construction engineering of

incrementally launched bridges. We have a proven

record in the successful completion of launched

bridges and we understand the specific requirements

of this particular construction method. We are

prepared to support contractors who would like to

consider incrementally launched design options

and to help contractors who have not applied this

method previously. In addition we can also provide

design services for the casting yard and the

launching nose, and we can also advise on all

aspects regarding launching equipment.

Reference projects:

Atarot Bridges, Israel

Quarry Bridge, Israel

Jordan Gateway Bridge, Israel

River Tamega Bridge and Viaduct 9, Portugal

Holon Bridge, Israel





www.abes-uk.com

Composite Bridges

Ease and speed of construction and light weight are often the

main selling points for composite bridges. These particular

properties of composite bridges allow for minimal traffic

disruptions, simple assembly methods and high quality of

workmanship due to industrialised workshop procedures.

Composite bridges are also considered very cost-effective when life-cycle cost is

taken into account. These bridges compare favourably with other solutions when

maintenance and rehabilitation issues are regarded. Modern paint coatings last up to

20 years, inspection is usually simple and

rehabilitation measures are easy to implement.

Composite bridges therefore are becoming increasingly

popular in aggressive climates.






Due to our long-standing involvement with steel and composite solutions we have a

detailed understanding of construction and fabrication issues. ABES engineers will

provide detailing that matches the specific requirements of steel contractors. In

combination with our practical experience we also have strong ties to relevant

academic research at the highest level. Where required we can also use our good

connections to steel contractors in many regions world wide.

Reference projects:

Passagem Superior PS21B, Portugal

Troviscal Bridge, Portugal

River Pranto Bridge, Portugal


Jordan Gateway Bridge, Israel/Jordan





www.abes-uk.com

Cable-Supported Bridges

ABES engineers have comprehensive experience in all

aspects of structural analysis and design of cable-

stayed and suspension bridges. During their

professional careers

our engineers have

participated in the design of cable-stayed and

suspension bridges world-wide with a special

emphasis on the computer modelling of these

structures. The duties performed during these

assignments included:

The development of design solutions during preliminary design, detailed design,

construction engineering and proof checking.

Construction stage analyses using backward and forward methods, optimisation

of stressing sequences for cable-stayed bridges, calculation of pre-cambers,

shape finding for suspension bridges.

Dynamic analysis including the dynamic response to wind and earthquake loading

on the completed structure and during construction.

Consideration of time dependent effects, P-delta effects, cable sagging, large

deflections, material non-linearities.

Cooperating with bridge engineers from many different cultural backgrounds.

Reference projects:

Machang Bridge, South Korea; Rach Mieu Bridge, Vietnam; Wadi

Abdoun Bridge, Jordan; Marburg Pedestrian Bridge, Germany;

Stonecutter Bridge, Hong Kong; Sutong Bridge, China; Siak

Bridge, Malaysia; Shenzen Western Corridor, Hong Kong; Rosario

Victoria Bridge, Argentina; Kwang Ahn Bridge, South Korea;

Smuuli Bridge, Estonia.





www.abes-uk.com

Structural Dynamics

ABES engineers have been involved in numerous successful projects in the field of

structural dynamics. These projects necessitated the use of advanced computer

software, the acquisition of field measurements and the development of new

analytical tools. The combination of sophisticated methods on the one hand and

practical engineering know-how on the other has led to novel solutions in numerous

instances.

Earthquake Engineering

ABES provides seismic design and consulting for our in-

house projects, and for other design offices, for large

structures, residential and commercial projects,

transportation and utility infrastructures etc. Services in

the field of earthquake engineering include response

spectrum analyses of structures, time-history

simulations of earthquake events, consideration of non-linear material properties

and geometric non-linearities, displacement base

design – all in accordance with the latest seismic

codes. Our expertise also covers the seismic

evaluation of existing structures, earthquake

damage assessment and the preparation of

retrofit and upgrade solutions.

Reference projects:

Quarry Bridge, Israel; Wadi Abdoun Bridge, Jordan; Machang Bridge, South Korea; Rach Mieu Bridge, Vietnam.






High-Speed Railway Bridges

The dynamic response of bridges and culverts to the

loading of passing high-speed trains is an interesting

topic which has received attention from ABES project

engineers during past years. Dynamic analyses and

checks of newly designed bridges according to various

code regulations has been performed. Train-structure interaction has been

investigated. Rehabilitation options for existing structures on railway lines which due

to be upgraded have been provided. Field

measurements were used in many instances

to calibrate and verify numerical results.

Reference projects:

Railway Overpasses between Linz and Wels, Austria; Sulzbach

Bridge, Austria; Viaduct Colombo, Portugal; RelaS Research

Project; CCE - COPERNICUS 263.

Wind Dynamics

ABES engineers have been involved in the buffeting

analysis of various long-span bridges. Moreover, our

specialists have also developed computer programs

for the numerical determination of aero-dynamic and

aero-elastic properties of bridge girder cross-sections

and have been actively involved in wind tunnel testing.

ABES offers comprehensive services with regards to aero-

elastic analysis, wind tunnel testing and design-

optimisation with regards to aero-dynamic properties of

structures.

Reference projects:

Machang Bridge, South Korea; Rach Mieu Bridge, Vietnam.






Pedestrian and Light-Weight Bridges

Pedestrian bridges and similar light-weight spans are

notorious for their sensitivity to certain types of

excitations. ABES engineers have ample experience in

the dynamic evaluation of such structures and in the

design of viscous and tuned mass dampers to control

these effects.

Reference projects:

Ponte Pedonal de Guarda, Portugal; Subansiri bridge, India; Marburg Pedestrian Bridge, Germany.



www.abes-uk.com

Reference

projects





www.abes-uk.com

Location Estonia

Client Merko, 3Bau

Services

Structural analysis, pre-stressing

design, optimisation of cable-

stressing sequence, design checks

according to Eurocode.

Description

This bridge is a three-span extradosed bridge (42+85+42m) made from post-

tensioned concrete. Upon completion the Smuuli Bridge was the first cable-stayed

bridge in Estonia. The approach viaduct consists of three spans on each side which

are constructed from pre-cast beams with a cast in-situ deck. Each pier is supported

by pile foundations. The bridge crosses an active railway line calling for cantilevering

as the construction method of choice. The approach viaducts were constructed first

and counterbalance the two free cantilevers of the extradosed section of the bridge.

The optimisation of the cable-stressing sequence was one of the more interesting

issues during this work since the cross-section of the main girder is rather slender.

Modelling tasks for this bridge also included the longitudinal and transversal PT,

time-dependent effects and a detailed definition of the construction sequence.

System view, moments due to traffic loading, associated stresses top and bottom.

Construction stage simulation

Smuuli Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Roichmen Quarry, Israel

Date Construction in progress 2006

ABES member

ABES Israel – KEDMOR

Description

The Quarry Bridge crossing the "Roichmen Quarry" was designed partly as a pre-cast

segmental balanced cantilever (414m) and partly as a cast-in-place incrementally

launched girder of 409m length. The typical pre-cast segment length is 3.0m at its

longitudinal axis and the maximum length of a segment for the incrementally

launched part of the bridge is 22.5m long. The superstructure of both parts is made

of a box girder of 3.3m depth and 11m width.

Box section for the pre-cast segmental portion. Piers under construction

Quarry Bridge (1/2)






Pier 2 is much shorter, and therefore stiffer, than the other piers of this bridge. A

special gap-element at the top of this pier enables the rest of the columns to

respond prior to this pier in the event of an earthquake and so prevent premature

failure. A non-linear gap element was implemented as part of a pushover analysis in

order to fine-tune the overall earthquake response of the bridge.

Quarry Bridge (2/2)





www.abes-uk.com

Location Portugal

Client MARTIFER, S.A

ABES member

ABES Portugal - GIPAC

Description

The superstructure of this 3-span composite bridge consists of two steel I-girders in

the longitudinal direction topped by a precast concrete slab. Cross-beams made from

steel are placed at regular intervals in the spans and concrete cross-beams are

placed above the piers. The abutments and both piers are at a skew angle to the

main direction.

Longitudinal section through bridge structure.

Cross-section at mid-span and above the piers. Bearing detail

Passagem Superior PS21B (1/2)






Passagem Superior PS21B (2/2)





www.abes-uk.com

Location Linz, Austria

Client Landeshauptstadt Linz

Services

Competition, 1st stage

ABES member

ABES Austria

Description

The proposed bicycle and pedestrian crossing over the river Danube consists of two

ramps on either river shore and a suspension bridge of 270m span and 6m width.

The V-shaped pylons stabilise the bridge laterally and give torsional stiffness to the

girder. The cross-section of the girder was optimised with respect to the governing

aero-dynamic properties of the bridge.

Visualisation

CFD Simulation

Energy - Wind Velocity - Pressure

Competition Donausteg Linz





www.abes-uk.com

Location Castanheira de Pera, Portugal

Client Municipality of Castanheira de

Pera

ABES member


Description

Two longitudinal steel I-girders with a concrete slab form the cross-section 13m

width of this three-span bridge with a total length of 150m.

Longitudinal section

Representation of steel components and typical cross-section

Troviscal Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Jerusalem, Israel

ABES member

ABES Israel - KEDMOR

Description

The Zeitim Interchange is located at the eastern entrance to Jerusalem on the slope

of Mount Scopus. The interchange joins National Route #1, Mount Scopus Tunnels

access road and local entrances to adjacent villages.

The pre-stressed 2-span concrete bridge carries the entrance road to Mount Scopus

Tunnels above National Road #1. The bridge is 80m long and 32.5m wide with skew

supports calling for a cast in-situ voided slab solution for the deck. The sub-structure

was made of cast-in-situ concrete columns and abutments supported by cast-in-situ

concrete precaution drilled piles.

The first cut-and-cover underpass “A” is 272m long and 12m wide with 600mm

abutment walls made from cast-in drilled piles connected by cast-in-situ concrete

beam on top. The superstructure is made of precast "Inverted-Tee" pre-tensioned

girders and cast-in-situ concrete on top.

The second underpass “B” of 59,2m length and 14.1m width was constructed using a

“top-down” approach where after completion of the abutment wall pile drilling the

superstructure slab was post-tensioned and sub-sequent excavation exposed the pile

walls.

Underpass “A” during construction

Zeitim Interchange (1/2)






Voided slab bridge

Structure cross-section voided slab

Zeitim Interchange (2/2)





www.abes-uk.com

Location Figueira da Foz, Portugal

Client Municipality Figueira da Foz

ABES member


Description

This single-span integral composite bridge crosses the river Pranto near the

Portuguese coast town of Figueira da Foz. The cross-section is formed by five

longitudinal steel beams with an I-cross-section topped with a cast in-site concrete

slab. The total span of the bridge is 27.5m and the width of the bridge deck is 11m.

Longitudinal section

Typical cross-section and abutment detail

River Pranto Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Visualisation

Structural model

Location St. Anna ob Aigen

Oststeiermark, Austria

Client Gemeinde St. Anna ob Aigen

Services Structural design

ABES member ABES Austria

Description

The structural system of the viewing platform "Habicht n°4" displays great similarities to

a small cable stayed bridge. However, rather than connecting two shores, the visitors

are invited to walk out over the abyss. The steel platform has a width of 2m and

cantilevers 15m over a crag.

Skywalk Waltrafelsen





www.abes-uk.com

Location Germany

Client EHS Beratende Ingenieure,

Kassel

Services

Structural Analysis

ABES member

ABES Austria

Description

This six span box girder bridge with a total length of 232m and a curved alignment

was designed according to the German regulations of the DIN Fachbericht 105. A

span-by-span erection sequence facilitated by a gantry was chosen requiring a

detailed simulation of the construction process. The cross-section with a width of

15.5m contains exclusively external pre-stressing.

External pre-stressing

Cross-section with pre-stressing deviator Stress distribution in external pre-stressing tendon

Hesperbachtal Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Giv’ataim, Israel

ABES member

ABES Israel – KEDMOR

Description

The Hebrew name Giv‟ataim means "two hills" and is derived from the typical

landscape in the vicinity of this small Israeli municipality where a pedestrian crossing

over a busy highway was required in order to complete a bicycle ring path around the

city centre. The present design pays a tribute to the landmark surrounding of this

particular place. The particular layout of the cable-stays results in an unusual

elevation view mimicking the two hills which are the name patrons for this village.

The bridge is slightly curved in plan with a cable-stayed main span of 51m and a total

length of 240m. The deck is constructed from post-tensioned concrete while the cigar-

shaped pylons are made from steel emphasising the seemingly floating appearance of

this bridge.

Project visualization of Giv‟ataim Bridge

Giv’ataim Bridge



www.abes-uk.com

Location Upper Austria, Austria

Client ÖBB – Infrastruktur Bau

Services

Structural assessment of

existing bridge after increasing

the allowable train speed

Description

For this railway line an increase of train velocity was proposed. The existing bridge

structures along this line had to be checked with regards to the additional loadings

resulting predominately from dynamic effects due to the increased train speed. For

this investigation the relevant TSI standards were utilised including the standard

train configurations as outlined in the Eurocode plus three other train configurations.

The individual bridge structures on this line were checked and recommendations

were given for some of them with regards to the necessity of structural

improvement.

Vertical acceleration of a bridge after train crossing

Eigenmode of the bridge

Comparison of bending moments

ÖBBLinz - Wels Railway Bridge






Bridges

by other

SOFiSTiK

Customers





www.abes-uk.com

Location Brandangersundet, Norway.

Client Norge Vegvesen

SOFiSTiK Application

Erection sequence simulation; Calculation of eigenforms, Stability checks, Buckling

checks, Linear and non-linear loading case calculation; Checking of cross section

capacity and utilisation level; Checking of hanger forces, SLS and ULS check of

concrete members; Design checking of all connectors and intersections; Fatigue

checks; Checking maximum displacements, bearing forces and foundation forces;

Wind dynamics including shake-down-analysis.

Detail of main bridge – approach span connection showing shell elements with pre-stressing tendons

Volume model of steel-concrete-connectors

Brandangersundet Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Maribor, Slovenia.

Consultant Ponting Maribor SA


3D modelling using AutoCAD 2007; Calculation of dead load, live load and additional

loads (temperature, static wind, etc.); Form finding using a combination of loading

cases; Stability (buckling, failure) checks; Forced vibration – dynamic pedestrian

load on deck; Simulation of erection procedure, six construction stages.

Loading case: cable stressing

Traffic load on side of deck

Radgona Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Zagreb, Croatia

Consultant Pipenbaher SA


3D modelling using volume elements using ASCII input; Solid model used for

detailing pre-stressing and cable anchorages, arch abutments and foundation;

Roadway slab design

Stresses and displacements under dead load

Longitudinal post tensioning

Rence Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Assam, India

Consultant VSL Technical Centre

Asia/Australia.


3D Model based on AutoCAD 2006 drawings; Form-finding for permanent load;

Calculation of Eigen-frequencies for several load situations, Stiffness “freezing“ for

several load combinations; Evaluation of stress free lengths for all cable members

Eigenforms

Geometry after form finding

Subansiri Suspension Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Truckenthal, Germany

Consultant EHS Beratende Ingenieure,

Kassel, Germany


3D model based on AutoCAD 2006, combination of beam, cable, spring and so called

„moving springs‟ for launching procedure; Erection sequence simulation of arch +

deck (launching); Combination of internal and external prestressing for construction

and final stage; SLS and ULS checks according for several construction stages and

final stage at time infinity; Stability checks of piers during launching procedure;

Determination of camber; Formwork layout of casting yard.

3D view showing structural system with temporary piers for arch erection.

Prestressing tendons in deck

Deck cross section

Truckenthal Bridge





www.abes-uk.com

Location Völkermarkt, Austria

Consultant Wörle & Sparowitz ZT GmbH,

Austria


3D model based on AutoCAD 2007, combination of beam, spring, shell elements,

material used: C40/50 and UHPC for precast parts (arch); Precast UHPC parts have

external pre-stressing within the rectangular box. Erection sequence simulation;

Stability checks, Buckling checks, Linear and non-linear loading case calculation;

Checking of cross section capacity; SLS and ULS check of all concrete members;

Checking maximum displacements, Camber: bearing forces and foundation forces.

Detailed stress checks for connectors at the kinks of the arch.

Wildbrücke

Visualisation of bridge

Conception drawing of bridge and details for cross section and connector element at the arch kinks incl. position of pre-stressing tendons.

Erection sequence of arch and deck



www.abes-uk.com

Short

References






Jordan Gateway Bridge, Israel/Jordan

Consultant: ABESIL – Kedmor Engineers Ltd.

This bridge was designed to connect the two countries of Jordan and Israel. The alignment of

the bridge crosses a minefield making incremental launching a very attractive option. Two

steel I girders with a 12m wide concrete deck slab are to be launched as a composite system.

The I girders for the first span will receive their concrete slab after launching and will act as a

launching nose during construction. The total length of straight alignment of the bridge is

352m with typical spans of 46m. The assembly yard will be situated behind the west

abutment.

Kwang Ahn Bridge, South Korea

Personal reference of Georg Pircher

Design office: CableTek Engineers

Sub-contractor: Technische Datenverarbeitung GmbH, Heinz

Pircher & Partner

This suspension bridge made of steel with a main span of 500m and a double-deck carriage

way for train and car traffic was put in place for the soccer world cup off the coast of Pusan.

An independent check of the design was performed including a check of the intended

construction sequence and the finalised structure.

Ma Chang Bridge, South Korea

Personal reference of Johann Wagner

Client: Hyundai Engineering


Pircher & Partner

Cable-stayed bridge with a 450m main span and an 11-span approach viaduct. The composite

main girder is made of pre-stressed steel and concrete. A full structural analysis and design

check according to Korean Standards was performed including the pre-camber calculation, a

response spectrum analysis and a wind buffeting calculation.






Marburg Pedestrian Bridge, Germany


Design office: EHS Beratende Ingenieure


Pircher & Partner

This suspension bridge with a main span of 75m and a width of 3.5m serves as a pedestrian

and bicycle bridge. The design of this slender steel structure provided challenges with regards

to the cable geometry which is curved in plan and elevation and with the determination of

fabrication shapes and cable cutting lengths.

Modal analyses were performed based on the tangent stiffness of the structure under dead

load and various traffic loading conditions. Tuned mass dampers were designed and verified in

a series of time-history simulations of pedestrians walking across the bridge.

Morasha Interchange, Israel


This interchange consists of 4 bridges with a total length of 750m. All bridges are curved in

plan and have a maximum span of 60m. A common cross-section was designed that suited all

four structures and could be pre-cast. The pre-cast segmental method therefore represented

an optimal and cost-effective solution for this particular challenge.

Rach Mieu Bridge, Vietnam


Client: MOT (Ministry of Transportation), Vietnam


Pircher & Partner

Cable stayed bridge with a main span of 280m. The longitudinal girder is a pre-stressed

concrete box girder. An independent design check was performed including a detailed analysis

of the construction sequence, and a response spectrum and buffeting analysis.






Railway Overpasses between Linz and Wels, Austria

Personal reference of Martin Pircher

Client: ÖBB – Austrian Federal Railway

Consultant: Technische Datenverarbeitung GmbH, Heinz Pircher & Partner

In cooperation with: University of Coimbra, Portugal

The railway line between Linz and Wels is being upgraded to design speeds of up to 300km/h.

Existing overpasses and bridge structures along this line had to be evaluated for their

suitability under loading by these high-speed trains. Dynamic analyses according to Eurocode

were performed for a number of short simply-supported bridges and overpasses. Vibration

measurements of these structures were undertaken in order to verify input parameters for

these analyses. The numerical models were then calibrated against the field measurements.

The accuracy of the predictions could be increased considerably due to the successful

combination of numerical modelling and on-site measurements.


Consultant: ABESPT - Gipac

Designer: Amando Rito

Steel contractor: Martifer

Concessionaire: AENOR

For these two bridges parallel steel I-girders were launched and a concrete deck was cast on

the completed steel girders. The 6- and 7-span structures each consisted of two parallel

bridges with total lengths up to 366m. A request to reduce the flange thickness from 130mm

to 100mm was made by the steel contractor of this bridge in order to facilitate welding. The

ensuing re-design called for wider flanges which had to be placed non-symmetrically in

relation to the web in order to maintain the position of the side-guides for launching. The

consequences resulting from the inclined principal axes of the steel cross-sections had to be

evaluated and the detailing had to be adjusted accordingly.

Rosario Victoria Bridge, Argentina


Design office: PostenSA


Pircher & Partner

For this pre-stressed concrete cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 350m iso-tensioning

was used. The cable-stressing sequence was optimised taking into account the intended

construction sequence during cantilevering.






Siak Bridge, Malaysia


Design office: VSL TCAA


Pircher & Partner

The main span of this cable-stayed bridge with a composite deck is 280m. For this project

consulting services provided for the modelling of the construction sequence, the optimisation

of the stressing sequence of the stay cables and finally for the calculation of pre-camber

information.

Sulzbach Bridge, Austria


Design office: Pauser Engineers ZT GmbH


Pircher & Partner

One-span integral railway bridge made from reinforced concrete. The main girder has a trough

cross-section and is rigidly connected with the abutment walls. The bridge is part of a railway

line with 250km/h design speed. A dynamic analysis of the bridge behaviour during train

passage according to Eurocode was performed.

Sutong Bridge, China


Design office: Highway Planning and Design Institute/HPDI,

China


Pircher & Partner

With a main span of almost 1100m the Sutong bridge was the biggest cable stay bridge of the

world at the time of its completion. Several non-linear effects needed to be considered during

the simulation and calculation of the bridge erection. During a workshop at the office in

Nantong the modelling of the structural system and the calculation of the construction stages

were discussed with the consultant. Ongoing advice on various modelling issues was provided

thereafter.






Wadi Abdoun Bridge, Jordan


Client: VSL International


Pircher & Partner

This stunning 5-span extradosed bridge is curved in plan and made from pre-cast concrete

segments. The span arrangement is 63-2x132-63-27m. A structural analysis of the

construction process was performed, the precamber was calculated and the fabrication shape

of the pre-cast segments was determined. A response spectrum analysis was performed.

Wadi Acbara Bridge, Israel

Personal reference of Raz Mor

Consultant: YSS Engineers

The main span of this 433m long cast in-place balanced cantilever bridge is just 1m shy of the

100m mark and at the time of construction constituted the longest cantilevered span in Israel.

All piers were constructed using slip forms with the highest pier measuring 70m, another

Israeli record at the time. The box cross-section varies from 5.5m above the piers to 2.8m at

mid-span.

Waiwera Bridge, New Zealand


Consultant: URS Auckland


Pircher & Partner

A preliminary design was performed for two options for the two parallel multi-span viaducts

crossing the Waiwera Valley north of Auckland. The 628m long and 2x12m wide bridges were

to be built by the balanced cantilever method. A cast in-situ 7-span (56m+5x84m+56m)

constellation was designed and compared with a precast segmental option with nine spans

(48m+7x76m+48m). For the detailed design the precast segmental option was chosen and

elaborated into a final detailed design. Design checks were performed according to New

Zealand design specifications NZ3101.






Atarot Bridges, Israel


These two parallel bridges over the Wadi Atarot were the first applications of the incremental

launching method in Israel. The four spans of the bridges measured 40+2x50+40m and the

concrete double-box cross-section had a depth of 3.3m. With this bridge the contractor

successfully introduced this technology in Israel. An independent check was performed by

ABESIL.

Holon Bridge, Israel


The side spans of this 5-span bridge with a total length of 198m over a busy highway are

being constructed on scaffolds. The remaining 34m span across the highway was closed by

launching the side spans from both sides and by connecting them above the median of the

highway with a closure cast. This solution allowed for uncompromised use of the highway

throughout construction while minimising the construction cost of the side spans.

Bridge Design

The SOFiSTiK module portfolio is especially powerful and versatile for the advanced analysis and design in all fields of bridge engineering.

Powerful graphical AutoCAD-based 3D pre-processing and interactive parametric input enable the user to control and adjust the model and the calculation to any demand. Analysis with nonlinear effects as well as economical influence line evaluation is possible. Seamless integration of construction stage analysis, precamber determination and automated force optimisation is available. Design code specific tasks are supported ranging from a library of standard load models (roads and railway) to special design and serviceability checks and assessments. Interactive graphical and numerical post-processing and open interfaces for individual post-processing add to the package which is used by many leading bridge engineers worldwide.

Cross-Sections and Geometry

CABD-Technology: Parametric axis-based geometry input. Variables and formulas enable complex parametric modelling.

SOFiPLUS: 3D General AutoCAD-based pre-processing with automatic meshing

Parametric master cross-sections Cross Section Editor: AutoCAD-based cross-section input Cross Temp: Template cross-sections (I-Beams, Hollow-Box etc.) High-End sectional analysis for R/C, steel and composite sections

(Warping, FE cross sections) Consideration of sectional construction stages (In-situ concreting,

composite shear etc.) Open and closed sections Non-effective areas (shear lag) General stress output points (automatic and user defined) Dedicated input wizard for standard bridge types (Beam, Slab and

Arch-Bridges) PreTee: Special wizard for pre-cast concrete bridges (Developed by

ABES)

General Features and Bridge Types

3D Finite Elements: Beam, shell, volume, cable, truss, spring and dampers with nonlinear material and geometric capabilities

Elastic bedding, nonlinear bedding, pile elements, analytical halfspace model for soil-structure interaction (also for dynamic effects)

BIM/ifc-interface (structural-view 2x3) Single or multi-web beam systems Grillages Cable stayed bridges Suspension bridges Slab/Frame/Integral systems Moving and foldable systems Hybrid systems (beam and orthotropic shell deck) Extradosed bridges Composite systems

Pre- / Post-Tensioning TENDON: Prestressing of beam and shell structures Cubic 3D spline tendon geometry Full 3D geometry definition in plan-, elevation and cross-sectional

views Jacking and construction sequences Immediate bond Unbonded tendons Internal and external tendons Library of prestressing systems Tendon stress diagram Jacking protocol (numerical and graphical)

Loading SOFiLOAD-V: Library for traffic loads (road and railway) e.g.: EN 1991-

2 TS/UDL/Special vehicle bridge loading, BS 5400 HA/HB vehicles, AS M1600/S1600, US AASHTO, High-Speed Trains (ICE3, TGV etc.)

Traffic-Loader Task: Graphical traffic load input Free or element/node related general load definition Settlement, temperature, wind, collision and support jacking loading Load combinations according to selected standard

Analysis ASE: 1st, 2nd and 3rd order 3D FE analysis (Linear, P-Delta and fully

geometric nonlinear analysis) ELLA: Influence lines and influence surfaces HISOLV: High-End parallel sparse and iterative solvers (Windows and

LINUX) Eigenvalues Earthquake and response spectra analysis Nonlinear material models for R/C and steel Nonlinear spring and damper elements Contact elements for ILM Primary states for deformation and stress (“construction memory”) Time-step integration Influence lines Hydration of concrete Buckling analysis Dynamic wind analysis Moving loads (rolling stock) Vehicle – Structure interaction

Construction Stage Simulation CSM: Tabular graphical supported construction stage simulation with

all time-dependant effects (automatic determination of all CSR parameters)

Span-by-span erection with precamber Free and balanced cantilever method (FCM/BCM) Nonlinear construction methods (Suspension Bridges) Integrated force optimisation and iterative shop-forms Incremental launching with special contact bearing elements (ILM) Retrofitting, collapse and forensic analysis

Design Code Checks

SLS and ULS in general with reinforcement design, stress checks, decompression, crack widths, robustness, fatigue

Integrated design of all elements DIN-FB 101, 102-104 OEN EN 1992-2 BS EN 1992 BS 5400 (opt. Hong Kong concrete model) Eurocodes 2/3/4/9 with NAs ÖNorm B 4750 SIA 262 AASHTO 2002/2004, LRFD, ACI 318-02 (USA) AS 5100 (Australia) EHE (Spain) IRC (India) S-BRO 2004 (Sweden) NS (Norway) SNIP (Russia)

Post-Processing WinGRAF: Graphical interactive post-processing for all results SIR: Integration of FE shell results Numerical post-processing (copy-and-paste to Excel or similar) Programming interfaces (VBA, C, C++, FORTRAN)

Additional Features Pre-camber and shop forms Push over analysis Optimisation of structural answers (cable forces, max. moment, min.

displacement, etc.) Geometry finding for cable structures Geometry and erection control Soil Structure Interaction Vehicle-Structure interaction Hydration Fire-Design Nonlinear Timestep Analysis CFD Analysis Vortex Particle Analysis for cross-sections (Cross-Wind by ABES) On-demand support with academy and individual expert trainings Worldwide expert network

Packages

BRIDGE-BASIC: 3D analysis and design for beam bridge models BRIDGE-BEAM: 3D analysis and design for all beam bridge models

(incl. cables) BRIDGE-HYBRID: 3D analysis and design for all bridge models Ask us for individual module offers …

SOFiSTiK's Comprehensive Range of Applications 1 of 3

Building design Plates/Shell 2D non-linear FEA & Design. Geometry + loading in

AutoCAD + REVIT

3D Buildings Basic 3D FEA & Design.

FE + beam, column and wall design.

3D frames BASIC 3D Frame and Girder

Systems.

Bridge Engineering Geometry 3D geometry based on AutoCAD,

road alignment in plan and elevation.

also for interactive load definitions.

Cross-sections any shape, steel, concrete,

composite, thin- and thick-walled, parametric variation.

AutoCAD based or individual pre-processor.

Tendons 3D tendons, internal, external.

Loads no limitation. For traffic - load

stepping or influence lines/surface. Automatic patch loader

for some standards.

Stages Built in Construction stage

manager. Forward, Backward.

Superposition All relevant combinations and

envelopes.

Either using code dependent macros, or

individual combinations.

Design SLS and ULS design for several

codes (concrete, PT, reinforcement., steel), precamber.

Automated code dependent macros, or

individual checks.

Results/Report

Standard graphics set up, automatically set up general

report, individual adjustments possible.

Full Excel/Word/PDF interface.

Erection methods Span-by-span Level by level, layer per layer. In general applicable for

any type of structure.

Incremental Launching

Temp. supports and temp. pre-stressing.

Specific pre-processor available.

Balanced

cantilevers Pre-camber, stability, int.+ext. pre-

stressing.

Creep & shrinkage, relaxation, elastic

shortening

Pre-cast pre- and post-tensioning

Slab + beam, concrete + concrete, steel + concrete.


Composite All materials, any combination

Suspension Non-lin stages, stress-free lengths, Form finding feature.

Cable Stayed Forward, backward calculation Stressing force and

geometry optimisation.


Steel design beam and

volume elements

1st, 2nd and 3rd order theory. Connection details.

Checks: el-el, el-pl, pl-pl

According to EC3 and DIN18800. Elasto-plastic zones,

plastic hinges.

Elastic and plastic

buckling Eigenvalues

Flexural buckling, lateral torsional buckling (physical procedure).

Buckling of shells and slabs.

Profile

optimisation Profile library, free cross-sections. Warping stresses.

Interfaces FEMAP, SteelCON STEP, AutoCAD,

SOFiCAD-S

Light weight structures beam and

volume elements

Beams, slabs, discs and shells using different materials like steel, glass,

concrete and membranes.

Form finding with the FE method acc. to

membrane theory.

Orthotropic pre-stress

Form finding with inner pressure. Considering the shear

stiffness of the membrane

Tunnels 2D and 3D

models

Beams, slabs, discs and shells using different materials like steel, glass,

concrete and membranes.


Elasto-plastic

Von Mises, Drucker-Prager, Mohr-Coulomb.

Gudehus, Lade

Hypoplastic Acc. to Duncan-Chang Acc. to Schad

Granular Soil

Hyperbolic consolidation according to Kondner, Stress-related

stiffness, Load and un-loading behaviour.

Failure criteria acc. to Mohr-Coulomb, Shows

the dilatance (non-associate plastic yielding).

Swelling potential

Consideration of the stress-related swelling-strain for the finite state.

Concrete design.

Geotechnics Excavations in

2D and 3D Anchorages, stage wise

construction.

Embankments, tunnel disks, building pits, dam

walls.

Soil Structure Interaction

Analysis of vertical deformations in semi-infinite solids.

Ground-Soil interaction.

Foundations Elastically bedded beam, 2nd order

theory. Well and pile foundations.

Potential problems

Classified as Laplace's (DH=0) or Poisson's (DH=q)

Magnetic field problems, heat conduction,

groundwater flow.

Retaining wall Stability, analysis and design


Dynamic & Seismic Analysis

Modal analysis and time-step

method

Linear/non-linear dynamics and seismic analysis & design.

Eigenvalue Solver: concurrent.

Damping elements

(linear and non-linear)

3D-shell elements. 3D-continuum elements.

Response Spectra

According to EC8, DIN 4149B 4015, SIA 160, UBC,

Indian Standard 1893, Chinese GBJ 11.89, SNIP,

AASHTO, BS5400.

Damping elements

(linear and non-linear)

Groups with variable damping characteristics.

Integration of the motion equation through

super-positioning of the Eigenforms (even for 3D

continua).

Vehicle-Structure-Integration

Moving loads, High-Speed trains. 3D-continuum elements,

Time-history.

Push-over

analysis 2nd order, plastic hinges, stability.

Non-Linear

Wind analysis

Wind spectra according to Karmann, Davenport, Harris, EC 1,

Fichtl/McVehil, Simiu/Scanlan

Indian Standard 1893, Chinese GBJ 11.89, SNIP,

AASHTO, BS5400

SOFiSTiK Brief Module Descriptions (1 of 3)

Program Brief Description

System Generation

SOFiPLUS AutoCAD-based pre-processor.

PLUS-X-OEM AutoCAD OEM engine.

SOFiMESH Automatic mesher for shell/plate/volume elements.

TUNARS Generation of 2D tunnel profiles for subsequent analysis with STAR3, TALPA.

AutoCAD Required in combination with SOFiPLUS.

TEDDY Text editor for SOFiSTiK text input

Frame Analysis

STAR 3 3D-Frame structures, 2nd

/3rd

order theory, design of general cross sections, composite cross sections, codes see AQB, EL-EL,EL-PL,PL-PL, tension-stiffening.

PFAHL Analysis of piles with rigid or elastic pile cap connection, 2nd

order theory for the piles, multi-layer-bedding along the piles, differential bedding in the horizontal plane, bedding failure of single piles, surface friction, interaction between the piles, floating foundations.

BDK Eigenvalues for stability caused by lateral torsional buckling, check of safety against buckling for single beams according to DIN 18800 Part 2 and/or EC3.

AQB Cross-section design according to DIN 1045, DIN 1045-1, DIN 1052, DIN 18800, DIN 4227-A1, DIN 4113, EC 2-5, ÖNORM B4700, ACI 318-M, AASHTO, British Standard 8110/5400, EHE, SIA 162.

3D Finite Element Analysis

ASE Linear analysis of general 3D systems, load generation/enveloping, codes: DIN 1045, 1045-1, EC2, ÖNORM B4700, British Standard 8110, EHE, ACI 318-M.

ASE1 Staged construction, Volume elements, modal loads, 3-layer reinforcement, Eigen frequencies, Eigen values, time step integration with diagonal mass matrices.

ASE2 2nd

order theory (p-δ effects) for frames, non-linear concrete in combination with AQB (yielding, tension stiffening), non-linear bedding/springs, pile elements.

ASE3 3rd

order theory, global/lateral buckling, load capacity, membrane elements, form finding, catenary effects.

ASE4 Non-linear material behaviour for concrete (yielding, tension stiffening) and steel (yielding, plasticity) for shell and volume elements + all TALPA functionality.

ASE-B Functionality as in ASE, ASE 1-4, but for beam, cable and pile elements only and without time step analysis.

HISOLV Iterative high speed solver.

TEXTILE Cutting pattern for membranes.

SIR Definition of 3D cuts through FE systems, calculation of resulting internal forces, creation of data prepared for reinforcement design along the defined cut using AQB.



2D Finite Element Analysis

SEPP Linear analysis and design of plates, shear walls, frames, grillages. Load combinations according to several design codes like DIN 1045, DIN 1045-1, DIN 18800, ÖNORM B4700, EC 2-5, British Standard 8110/5400, EHE, ACI 318-M.

SEPP1 Serviceability checks (SLS), extended crack width check according to Heft 400 DAfStb, 3-layer reinforcement.

SEPP2 2nd

order theory for frames, non-linear bedding/springs/supports.

SEPP4 Non-linear material behaviour for concrete (yielding, tension stiffening, cracked section analysis), non-linear material behaviour of steel (yielding).

TALPA Plane and axis-symmetrical analysis for geotechnical and tunnel structures using FEM; including non-linear spring elements, primary stress state, construction stages. Non-linear material models: Drucker-Prager, Mohr-Coulomb, Gudehus, Lade, Duncan-Chang, Rock, hypo-elastic, elasto-plastic, friction, slip, in-plane stresses and strains.

BEMESS RC design and stress checks for shell/plate elements (included in ASE/SEPP).

Soil/Structure Interaction

HASE-2D Soil/structure interaction for 2D systems (slabs).

HASE-3D Soil/structure interaction for 3D systems.

Transient Analysis (Seepage, Temperature)

HYDRA-T Transient temperature analysis.

HYDRA-S Transient seepage analysis.

HYDRA HYDRA-T + HYDRA-S.

Prestressing /Post-Tensioned Design

CABD Axis-based geometry concept for bridge structures. Route layouts in plan view and in the elevation, variables and dependencies along the axes, structural elements which inherit their geometry from the underlying axis definition; parametric cross sections, template cross sections.

TENDON-B Pre/post-tensioning for beams; tendon geometry; calculation of stressing forces considering stressing sequences, wedge slip, friction, wobble, elastic shortening, relaxation; primary and secondary effects, 3D-spline function.

TENDON-P Pre/post-tensioning for plate/shell elements.

TENDON TENDON-B + TENDON-P.

PROT Detailed report and protocol of the pre- and post-tensioning actions; consideration of slip at anchorages, couplers, straight in jacks, elastic compression of concrete.

AQBS Calculation and design of pre-stressed concrete and composite cross-sections, creep & shrinkage (up to 99 creep steps), staged construction.

ELLA Calculation and evaluation of influence lines and surfaces.

SOFiLOAD-V Load trains for bridge decks.

PreTee-W Wizard for the generation, analysis and design of Super-Tee-bridges according to EC 2 and AS5100.



Dynamic / Seismic / Wind

DYNA Dynamic analysis; Eigen frequencies, time stepping, damping, excitation spectra according. to EC8, DIN 4149 , UBC, ÖNORM B4015, SIA 160, Indian Standard, EAK (Greece), GBJ 11-89 (China); Superpositioning SRSS, SRS1, CQC, CQC1.

DYNR Graphic output for transient results and response spectra coming from DYNA or HYDRA analysis, logarithmic representation.

SOFiLOAD-W Evaluation of wind profiles with consideration of landscape, static wind loading on FE, cable-, beam structures, wind spectra acc. to Karmann, Davenport, Harris; Codes: DIN 1055, 1056, 4131-A, 4133-A, 4228.

SOFiLOAD-WH Dynamic wind loading, 10-minute-wind period; wind spectra according to Karmann, Davenport, Harris; calculation in ASE and DYNA, consideration of structure deformation.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

PHYSICA 2D/3D Fluids, turbulence and heat calculation.

PHYSICA-A Similar to Basic + aggregate state, combustion, heat radiation.

PHYSICA-X Similar to Physica A + free surface, scalar module, simple structural mechanics.

Result Evaluation

WinGRAF Graphic-interactive result evaluation.

ANIMATOR Graphical display of deflected shapes

URSULA Viewer for print results, complete report with graphics and tabular output

DBView Numeric-interactive result evaluation.

Miscellaneous

WISTF Retaining wall design according to DIN 1054.

COLUMN1 Column design (simplified method).

COLUMN Column design 2nd

order theory; Fire Design according to DIN 4102-22.

COLUMN-FD Fire design according to EN 1992-1-2 (EC2). RC Design according to DIN 1045-1.

FOOTiNG Design of RC foundations according to DIN 1054-1:2005 and DIN 1055-100; DIN 1045-1:2008.

IFC-Import Import of IFC-data (structural) into the Central Database.

Functionality of SOFiSTiK Bridge Specific Packages

Functionality

Bri

dge

Bas

ic

Bri

dge

Be

am

Bri

dge

Hyb

rid

Source Modules

Linear static for Slabs ASE

Linear static for 3D folded structures ASE

Linear static for plane frames ASE

Linear static for 3D frames ASE

Linear static for 3D structures, volume elements ASE

Material non-linearity (steel) for 3D frames ASE2

Material non-linearity (steel and concrete) for 3D frames ASE2

Geometrical non-linearity for 3D frames ASE3, ASE2

General material non-linearity for 3D structures, volume elements ASE4

Geometrical non-linearity (3rd

order theory large displacements) for 3D systems. ASE3

Material non-linearity for 3D volume structures ASE4

Eigen forms and Eigen values ASE, DYNA

Buckling Eigen forms ASE

Non-linear springs (compression only, friction, …) ASE1

Form finding, stress free lengths ASE3

Spring elements as supports ASE

Pre- and post-tensioning for plates TENDON-P

Pre- and post-tensioning for beams TENDON-B

Reinforcement design for FE structures ASE

Stress checks for general beam cross sections (steel) AQB

Reinforcement design of general beam cross sections AQB X

Consideration of warping effects ASE

Non-linear static for membrane structures ASE3

Parametric input language, program library for data interface (C, FORTRAN..) TEDDY

Graphic modelling and results, results numerical in listings, animation of all results WINGRAF

Eurocodes 2 – 8, DIN, DIN-Fachberichte X

Other international standards X

Primary stress states ASE1

Reinforcement design in state II AQB X

Bedding elements ASE2

Lateral buckling BDK

Composite cross sections with general mix of materials ASE X

Construction stages, creep and shrinkage AQBS X

Traffic loads, envelopes SOFILOAD-V

Traffic loads using influence lines and influence surfaces ELLA

Road alignment in plan and elevation, section variation using variables CABD

X SLS / ULS

Bridge Design Sub-consultants

and

Supply & Support of SOFiSTiK


abes uk company presentation

Documents