achieve data profile: pennsylvania april 2006. 2 american diploma project network the big picture n...

Achieve Data Profile:Pennsylvania

April 2006

2AMERICAN DIPLOMA PROJECT NETWORK

The Big Picture

To be successful in today’s economy, all students will need education and training that go beyond the high school diploma.

How successful is your state in moving students successfully through the education pipeline?

NOTE: All figures in this presentation are rounded to the nearest percent. Rounding errors may occur when figures are compared. Also please note that all bar graphs that are empty or labeled #N/A are not available due to non-participation or small sample size.


How many 9th graders make it to, and through, college?

Missed Opportunities (2002): Of every 100 ninth graders, the percent who ...

77%68%

76%

40%

52%

27%

40%

18%29%

47%37%

28%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Pennsylvania Nation Top State

… graduate fromhigh school on time

… immediatelyenroll in college

… are still enrolledsophomore year

… graduate fromcollege on time

Source: National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, Policy Alert, April 2004. Data are estimates of pipeline progress rather than actual cohort.


How many young adults earn degrees?

College Attainment, Young Adults (2000)

27% 31% 38%

29% 28%30%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Pennsylvania Nation Top States*

Bachelor's orHigher

Some College orAssociate's

*Median of top five states based on sum of lower and upper bar.Source: National Information Center for Higher Education, www.higheredinfo.org. Data are from U.S. Census for 25 to 34 year olds.


Is educational attainment improving?

Bachelor's Degree or Higher: 1990-2000

35%

28%

29%

26%

23%

23%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Top Improver(MN)

Nation

Pennsylvania

1990

2000

+9

+5

+6


Elementary School - Assessments

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is a common test taken by a sample of students in every state, making it a reliable yardstick for comparing achievement through elementary school.

Comparing the percentage of 4th graders scoring at or above Proficient on NAEP with those deemed proficient on state tests reveals a much lower proficiency standard on most state tests.


Are elementary school students achieving “proficiency” in math?

4th Grade Math Achievement(NAEP 2005)

41% 44% 41%

41% 35% 47%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


Basic Proficient or Advanced

*Median of top five states in percent proficient or advanced. Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded from www.nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/


Are elementary school students achieving “proficiency” in reading?

4th Grade Reading Achievement(NAEP 2005)

33% 33% 33%

36% 30% 39%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%





Are there inequities in math achievement in Pennsylvania?

4th Grade Math Achievement(NAEP 2005)

47%27% 44% 40%

13% 64% 16%49%

#N/A0%

25%50%75%

100%

AfricanAmerican

Asian Latino NativeAmerican

White


Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded from www.nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/


…in reading achievement in Pennsylvania?

4th Grade Reading Achievement(NAEP 2005)

28% 30% 25% 34%14%

47%19%

41%

#N/A0%

25%50%75%

100%

AfricanAmerican


White




Is there a gap between achievement on state assessments and NAEP?

4th Grade Achievement on State Assessment v. NAEP (2005)

#N/A#N/A41%36%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Reading Proficient Math Proficient

Pennsylvania NAEP

Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded from www.nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/ and 2005 Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) results at www.pde.state.pa.us/a_and_t/cwp/view.asp?A=3&Q=115510. No 4th grade test in 2005.


Middle School

Students who take challenging courses and meet high standards in middle school are much more likely to enter high school ready to succeed.

Algebra is widely recognized as a “gateway” course—students who take it by the end of 8th grade are much more likely to take rigorous courses in high school that lead to a college degree.


Are students taking “gateway” courses?

8th Graders Taking Algebra (2005)

56%41%39%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


% 8th Graders Taking Algebra, Algebra 2, or Geometry

* Median of top five states.Source: Analysis of data from www.nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/


Are students taking “gateway” courses in Pennsylvania?

8th Graders Taking Algebra (2005)

41%

#N/A

31%

#N/A

32%

0%25%50%75%

100%

AfricanAmerican


White

% 8th Graders Taking Algebra, Algebra 2, or Geometry

Source: Analysis of data from www.nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/


Are more students taking gateway courses over time?

8th Graders Taking Algebra: 1992-2005

51%

41%

39%

26%

19%

27%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

TopImprovers**

Nation

Pennsylvania

1992

2005*

+25

+22

+12

*Includes students taking Algebra, Algebra 2 or Geometry. ** Median of top five improvers.


Middle School – Assessments

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is a common test taken by a sample of students in every state, making it a reliable yardstick for comparing achievement through middle school.

Comparing the percentage of 8th graders scoring at or above Proficient on NAEP with those deemed proficient on state tests reveals a much lower proficiency standard on most state tests.


Are middle school students achieving “proficiency” in math?

8th Grade Math Achievement (NAEP 2005)

40%

31% 28% 38%

39%41%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%





Are middle school students achieving “proficiency” in reading?

8th Grade Reading Achievement (NAEP 2005)

42%

36% 29% 38%

42%41%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%





Is math achievement improving?

8th Graders Scoring At or Above Proficient in NAEP Math: 1992-2005

43%

28%

31%21%

23%

20%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Top Improver(MA)

Nation

Pennsylvania

1992

2005+8

+20

+10


Is reading achievement improving?

8th Graders Scoring At or Above Proficient in NAEP Reading: 1998-2005

30%

29%

36%#N/A

23%

30%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Top Improver(DE)

Nation

Pennsylvania

1998

2005-1

+7


Is there a gap between achievement on state assessments and NAEP?

8th Grade Achievement on State Assessment v. NAEP (2005)

63%64%

36% 31%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Reading Proficient Math Proficient

Pennsylvania

NAEP

Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded from www.nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/ and 2005 Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) results at www.pde.state.pa.us/a_and_t/cwp/view.asp?A=3&Q=115510.


Middle School – Achievement Gap

In most states, there is an achievement gap that separates African American, Latino and Native American students from White and Asian students.

How large is that gap in your state?

How successful has your state been in closing it over time?


Are there inequities in math achievement in Pennsylvania? Have gaps narrowed?

8th Grade Math Achievement (NAEP 2005)

19% 28%#N/A

33%#N/A

47%

#N/A

44% 44%

36%24%

13%

49%

7%4%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

1992 2005 1992 2005 1992 2005 1992 2005 1992 2005


African American

Asian Latino Native American

White



…in reading achievement in Pennsylvania?

8th Grade Reading Achievement (NAEP 2005)

36%#N/A

35%#N/A

38%#N/A #N/A

43%

41%

17%

47%

12%

#N/A0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

1998 2005 1998 2005 1998 2005 1998 2005 1998 2005


African American

Asian Latino Native American

White



High School

Research has shown that a powerful predictor of whether high school students will graduate and earn a college degree is the rigor of the high school curriculum they complete.

Advanced Placement (AP) exams show how many students are taking challenging courses and attempting to earn college credit while still in high school.


Are students participating in AP courses?

11th and 12th Graders Taking AP Exams (2004)

18%12%9%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


* Median of top five states.Source: Analysis of data from College Board AP Summary Reports for 2004 and NCES Common Core of Data. Includes public school students only.


Are there inequities in AP participation in Pennsylvania?

11th and 12th Graders Taking AP Exams (2004)

9%15%5%

24%

2%0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

AfricanAmerican


White

Source: Analysis of data from College Board AP Summary Reports for 2004 and NCES Common Core of Data. Includes public school students only.


Are more students participating in AP over time?

11th and 12th Graders Taking AP Exams: 1997-2004

19%

12%

9%

11%

8%

6%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Top Improver(MD)

Nation

Pennsylvania

1997

2004

+8

+4

+3


High School – State Assessments

All states have high school assessments that students take by the 10th or 11th grade. In almost half of the states, students must pass these tests in order to graduate.

Are students who pass the high school tests truly prepared for success in college or work?

Few states have designed their high school assessments to answer whether passing students are prepared for success in college and work.


How do students perform on state math tests?

11th Graders Scoring Proficient or Above on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment, 2005

51%

?0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Math Scoring College ReadySource: 2005 Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) results at www.pde.state.pa.us/a_and_t/cwp/view.asp?A=3&Q=115510.


How do students perform on state English tests?

11th Graders Scoring Proficient or Above on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment, 2005

65% 69%

?0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Reading Writing Scoring College ReadySource: 2005 Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) results at www.pde.state.pa.us/a_and_t/cwp/view.asp?A=3&Q=115510.


High School – Graduating on Time

Nationwide, nearly 30% of high school students don’t graduate on time, and the figures are much lower for disadvantaged minority students than for White and Asian students.

Without a high school diploma, students’ chances for success in college or the workplace are severely restricted.


How many high school students graduate on time?

Freshmen Graduating On Time with a Regular Diploma (2003)

85%70%

81%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


* Median of top five states.Source: Manhattan Institute, April 2006, Leaving Boys Behind: Public High School Graduation Rates.


Are graduation rates equitable in Pennsylvania?

Freshmen Graduating On Time with a Regular Diploma (2003)

87%

50%

79%61%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

AfricanAmerican

Asian Latino White

Source: Manhattan Institute, April 2006, Leaving Boys Behind: Public High School Graduation Rates.


Postsecondary Attainment

Earning a postsecondary credential has become increasingly important in today’s economy, and some states have made significant gains in college going rates.

College admission is only the first step. A quarter of college freshmen will not return for their sophomore year.

Only slightly more than half of students in 4-year colleges earn a degree within six years.


How many high school students enroll in college the following fall?

High School Graduates Immediately Enrolling in College (2002)

65%57%60%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


* Median of top five states.Source: Tom Mortenson, Postsecondary Opportunityhttp://www.higheredinfo.org/dbrowser/index.php?submeasure=63&year=2002&level=nation&mode=data&state=0


Are more high school graduates enrolling immediately in college over time?

Immediate College Going Rate: 1992-2002

60%

57%

60%

43%

54%

54%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Top Improver(SC)

Nation

Pennsylvania

1992

2002

+17

+3

+6


How many persist to sophomore year at 4-year colleges?

Freshmen Returning for Sophomore Year at 4-Year Colleges (Fall 2001)

74%82% 84%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


* Median of top five states.Source: Source: National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, Measuring Up 2004, http://measuringup.highereducation.org/database.cfm.


…at 2-year colleges?

Freshmen Returning for Sophomore Year at 2-Year Colleges (Fall 2001)

55%58% 61%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%


* Median of top five states.Source: Source: National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, Measuring Up 2004, http://measuringup.highereducation.org/database.cfm.


Are college retention rates improving over time?

Retention Rates at 4-Year Colleges: 1988-2001

73%

74%

82%

60%

75%

84%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Top Improver(NV)

Nation

Pennsylvania

1988

2001

+13

-1

-2


How many graduate from college?

Freshmen at 4-Year Colleges Earning Degree within 6 Years (2004)

67%56%

64%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Pennsylvania Nation Top States** Median of top five states.Source: Unpublished data provided by National Center for Higher Education Management Systems. Data are from federal IPEDS survey.


Are college graduation rates equitable in Pennsylvania?

Freshmen at 4-Year Colleges Earning Degree within 6 Years (2004)

65%51%57%

70%47%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

AfricanAmerican


White

Source: Unpublished data provided by National Center for Higher Education Management Systems. Data are from federal IPEDS survey.

Achieve Data Profile:Pennsylvania

April 2006

achieve data profile: pennsylvania april 2006. 2 american diploma project network the big picture n...

Documents

high school diploma

analysis of data

elementary school students

national center

pipeline progress

data profile

sample of students

educational attainment