Acids and BasesAcids and Bases

Acids

Have a sour taste. Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid. CitrusHave a sour taste. Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid. Citrusfruits contain citric acid.fruits contain citric acid.

React with certain metals to produce hydrogen gasReact with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas..

React with carbonates and bicarbonates to produce carbon React with carbonates and bicarbonates to produce carbon dioxide gasdioxide gas

Have a bitter taste.Have a bitter taste.

Feel slippery. Many soaps contain basesFeel slippery. Many soaps contain bases..

Bases

Some Properties of Acids

Produce H+ (as H3O+) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion

attached to a water molecule)

React with bases to form a salt and water

Corrode metals

Electrolytes

Taste sour

pH is less than 7

Turns blue litmus paper to red

“Blue to Red A-CID”

Some Properties of Bases

Produce OHProduce OH-- (hydroxyl) ions in water (hydroxyl) ions in water

Taste bitter, chalkyTaste bitter, chalky

Are electrolytesAre electrolytes

Feel soapy, slipperyFeel soapy, slippery

React with acids to form salts and waterReact with acids to form salts and water

pH greater than 7pH greater than 7

Turns red litmus paper to blue Turns red litmus paper to blue

“ “Basic Blue”Basic Blue”

The pH scale is a way of expressing The pH scale is a way of expressing the strength of acids and bases.the strength of acids and bases. pH can be viewed as an pH can be viewed as an abbreviation for power of Hydrogen - abbreviation for power of Hydrogen - or more completely, power of the or more completely, power of the concentration of the Hydrogen ion.concentration of the Hydrogen ion.

0 - 7 = acid 0 - 7 = acid 7 = neutral 7 = neutral

7 – 14 7 – 14 = base= base

pH of Common SubstancespH of Common Substances

pH paper will indicate the pH of a substance by the color it changes in a solution

LecturePLUS Timberlake 7

Learning Check AB1

Describe the solution in each of the following as: 1) acid 2) base or 3)neutral.

A. ___soda

B. ___soap

C. ___coffee

D. ___ wine

E. ___ water

F. ___ grapefruit

LecturePLUS Timberlake 8

Solution AB1

Describe each solution as:

1) acid 2) base or 3) neutral.

A. _1_ soda

B. _2_ soap

C. _1_ coffee

D. _1_ wine

E. _3_ water

F. _1_ grapefruit

LecturePLUS Timberlake 9

Learning Check AB2

Identify each as characteristic of an A) acid or B) base

____ 1. Sour taste

____ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions

____ 3. Chalky taste

____ 4. Is an electrolyte

____ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions

LecturePLUS Timberlake 10

Solution AB2

Identify each as a characteristic of an A) acid or B) base

_A_ 1. Sour taste

_B_ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions

_B_ 3. Chalky taste

A, B 4. Is an electrolyte

_A_ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions