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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. [January.

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a)

t

VOL. 1.

Official Journal of the ational Brotherhood Electrical Workers of America.

ST. LOUIS, JANUARY, 1893. No.1.

The men who organized the Brotherhood-Delegates to the First Convention of the National Brotherhood

IT. MILLER.HARRY FISHER.

J. c. SUTTER.F. J. HEIZLEMAN.

JAS. DORSEY.

4

Lf)catiug Trouble on Arc and Power Cir­cuits in Central Station Work.

By C. O. POOLE.

. As the t~tle of this paper indicates, its object isto deal wltll tlle process of locating trouble on0yerhead construction iu arc and power transmis­SIO~S, rather than to suggest remedies or attemptto Improve the line wor.K. .

Wilen a lineman is sent out on a circuit to findtrouble, he knows threc things: First, tile circuit­he has to go ont on; second, that there is a "rounda cross, a short· circuit, or an open circuit; andlast but not least, tlmt if he does not fiud it in shortorder he will hear from the superientendent.

If it be an open circuit and he has the advanta"eof working in dayli"ht, the first thin" he does ls·to ground both legs'"of the circuit at""the switch­board in tile station; then "iith an assistant "0 totl!e fi!'st convenient lamp on the circuit, ope~ theClrcUlt at the lamp, ground one side of his mag­neto ?ell and te~t both ways towal'cl the groundedends III the statIOn. Suppose he is working at thefirst lamp on the positive leg he tests that wireback to the station and fails to gct a ring; heknows then that the oren circuit is between thestation and where he has mach: th6 test. He thentraces the circuit back toward the station until hefinds the break. If, however, he shonld get a ringwhen he tests the positive wire toward the station?e then tests the other end of the wire, and finding.It open continnes his search in that direction nntil/he passes the break and gets a ring on the negative·leg; he then knows,of course,that the point lies be­tweeD: the. place of testing and his presen t position.If a ClrcUlt should open at ni"ht durin" the runthe followin~method is sometimes uSl:'d to advan~ta~e: The lineman instructs the dynamo tender toleave the machine 011 the circuit· he then armshimself with a pair of spnrs and a'short pieee. ofwire, and for once the magneto bell is not in it. Hisknowledge of the circnitenables him to soon reacha.pole where both legs o:f the circuit are on thesame cross-al'm. Buckling his spurs on he quicklymounts the pole, and barin" the circuit wiresbrings iuto service the short piece of wire befor~mentiolJed, with which he strikes both of the cir­cuit wires. If a flash is the result, he 'knows thathe has to go furtller out on the circuit. Afterclimbin,~ another pole some distance further on,and gOlllg throngh the same process of strikinG"the wires, and fails to get a flash, he conclude~of course the trouble lies between the first andsecond test.· A.s soon as the broken ends arereached aud spliced to"ether the liG"hts imme­diately start up. That i~ one advant~ae of hav­ing the machine on the circuit· ,~hile thereis the disadvantage of workin';' with themachine that is liable to jump'" at you withabout two or three thousand volts, which is by nomeans a pleasant thing to hanclle on a wet night.

In order to overcome this danger and to allowthe lineman to become a little more sociable withth.e circuit he is working on, the company I amWIth has had constructed a machine to put on thiscircuit, instead of the regular arc machine; theboys call it the "jigger." It is simply a combinedmotor and dynamo connected to<rether on the sameshaft. h is placed on a rollerpl7ttform, and standsin the corner of the station until wanted. Themotor is wound for 10 amperes, constant current,and has a capacity of about 2 horse-power. Thedynamo is wouncl for constant potential, with anoutput of about 15 amperes at 200 to 300 volts.Wht:ll reqnired. the motor part is connected in thearc cireuit and is run up to speed. The dynamoterminals are connected to a suitable· plug, and aplug put iu the circuit that is open. Yon willreadily understand, if the wires be short-circuitedas before ment.oned, a current will immediately begenerated am] a flash will be the result.

Not knowing of any better methods than the onesabove discribed for locating a break in the open cir-

_ cnit, I can not offer any suggestions that would be ofbeuefit. Of course, if the wire should break, andone or both ends fall to the earth, ancl make a fairlygood ground you would by means of the Wheat­stone bridge and galvanometer be able to make anintelligent guess, that ·is all. There are so manydoubtful points to be consid~red in m·easuring lampcircuits that it makes a calculation. almost worth­less. For instance, if you hacl to depend upon thepath through the carbons of a lamp, the resistancemay be a fraction of an ohm, or it may be.l0 ohms.Again, if the carbon be burned out in a lamp thatdepellCls upon the current to keep the cut-out incontact, then you would have to deal with theresistance of the shunt winding, which wouldamonnt to 200 or 30(1 ohms:

'Another element of uncertainty that might bementioned is that of induction. I remember onecase In particular. After personally going overall the .lamps on the circuit, which was about Iiimiles long and consisted of No.6 B. & S. wire, Iattempted to measure it with the bridge and gal-

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.

vanometer. I found it impossible to get a satis­factory reading. One instant 30 or 40 ohms wouldalmost balance, aud the next instant it would take400 or 500 oh~s to ?ri~g the needle to anythingnear a standstIll, while ln the next instant it woulube found down at zero, with the negative sianbefore it. The bridge was one of the best, and thegalvanometer a Thomson reflectinG" instrument·both having been previously tested a~d found cor~recto The only way that I could accouut for the phe­nomena was in the fact that for some diRtance thelines ran parallel on the same pole with a live cir­cuit..So, everything considered, in my opiniontile bridge and galvanometer is not a satisfactorymetho~ of .testing lamp circuIts. I will say, how­ever, III thIS con';1ection that in some few cases, byt~e use of the bndge, I have determined the posi­tIOn of grouuds and short circuits on trunk linesand on circuits where the trouble occurred betweenthe station and the first or last lamp. .

In instances of this kind, the uncertainty oflamp meal:lurements need not be taken into con­~ideration, and the questton resolves itself simplyllltO a matter of measurements and cakulatiolJs.As an example, suppose the trunk line of No.6, B.& S. wire be two miles long, and the wire becomes.short-circuited at an unknown distance from thestation, If on measuring it you find the resistance tobe 4.176 ohms ;aud upon referring to a table of resist­ances you find the resistance of one mile of No.6wire to be 2,088 ohms; dividing 4.176, the measuredresistance of the, circuit, by the resistance per mileof wire 2.088, the re~ult will be 2; meaning, ofcourse, that the wire measured was' two mileslong,and the circuit consisting of two wireswould make the distance from the station to th~point of trouble just one mile. If the short circuithad been caused by two ~rounds, their position?ould have been determined by the same process asJust descrIbed; the only difference beinato connectone post of the bridge to one side of the line andthe other to grouud. Then if you found a res is­tau.ce of 2.088 ohms, and considering the groundreSistance to be nil, you would know at once thatthe ground on that side of the circuit would be ouemile :(rom the station; assuming of course that themeasurements be. made in the station. After gettin"your distance. and telling the linemen where to findthe trouble, it is a matter of but a few minutesuntil the circuit is clear, and there is light oncemore. Now, if the linemen had not been toldwhere to find the trOUble, and simply to go out andfind the short circuit, it would have been necessaryto trace the wires from the station until the place oftrouble was reached; or by taking the magneto hecould have cut the wires and tested both ways.This might have to be repeated several times; andaside from the disadvantage of having a full line ofsplices would have taken much longer to locate thetrouble.

vVe have seen ho.w an open circuit and a shortcircuit are located. Now, let ns follow the line­men in locating crosses between two circuits. Sup­pose No.2 and No.3 to be crossed. The first thinG"to be done is to test for a ground. If either of th~circuits are grounded it must be found and clearedbefore the cross can be considered. If the circuitbe free from grounds. one of the circuits in questionthen is grounded in the station,say No.2 be the one;then with the magneto bell he starts out on No. :3circuit: The process i~ similar to that describedin finding an open circuit so far as the method ofte~ting is concerned; the difference between thetwo lies in the fact that in the first case you aretrying to find the reason you do not get aring. and inthe second case the reason you do get a ring. Afterproceeding to a lamp on No.3 circuit. and takingthe wires out of the binding posts of the lamp, oneside of the magneto is ~rounded, by conneeting awire to a convenient water_pipe 01' ga~pipe, or ifthe earth be moist by driving a screw-driver intothe ground and connecting to that; then withthe other side of the bell, the lineman can connectthe line wire and test toward the station. if hegets a ring. the poiut of contact between the twocircuits, of course, lies between the station and theplace of testing, ·This will be apparent if youbear in mind the fact thatNo. 2 circuit is /!roundedin the station. and when the ground is made on onesWe of the bell it is equivalent to connecting it toNo.2 circuit, and the only reason the connectionis not made to the circnit direct is because it maybe a mile or more distant.

Having dl:'alt wUh the open circuit and short-cir­cuit, and a cross; now let me take up that root oftrouble, the "ground," I will venture the asser­tion that nine-tenths of the outside trouble in ceu­tl'al station work is either directly or indirect.lytraceable to grounds, and if there be any cent.ralstation men present this evening, I believe they willbenr me out in the statement.

When the lineman is called npon to clear oneCI'OSS, he has nine calls for. grounds; and it isequally true regarding open circuits, although shortcircuits are frequently found to consist of two

[January.

grounds. I will recite an instance of this a littlefurther on. If I ·treat the subject of grounds alittle more fUlly than the others I do so for tworeasons. First, because it is of 'more importancethan any of the others, on account of the more fre­q uent occurrence; second, because it offers an op­portunity to use in!'trnments in locatio" the trouble.The instrument I use is a voltmeter re~'ldiua from 0to 3,000. ' ~

The magneto bell method of locating a ground isthe same as the one described, that of opeoin<T tbe~ir~uit and testing both ways. - With the voltnfeter,It IS necessary, of course, to mtlke the test whilet~le circuit is running. .1 have found it a goocl prac­tICe to go over all the Circuits at the switch-boardwitll a ground wire while the lamps were burning.In t!lis ~ay I have frequently detected grounds ona Cll'CUlt .where other methods had pronouncedthem all right. If,· upon strikin<T a circuit with aground win~, you succeeded in d~'awiug out a flashabout a yard long, and probably have to tal;e twosteps backward to break it, you will have a kind ofa fog!!;y idea that there is a gronnd on that circuit·and H, upon examination, you flud htllf 'your mus~·tache and one eyebrow gone; and it has takenabout 10 minutes to recover your eyesIght, theny~)U f~el pretty sure that you have found a ground

. ClrcUlt.~'or. the .beneflt of the uninitiated, I will say, that

thiS slpgemg process will occur but once,. for thenext tIme the neophyte approaches a live circuitwith It ground wire, it will be with a IO-foot poleand· the wire safely fastened at the proper endof it. .

I:!aviu~ found a ground circuit, the next thing todo IS to find the ground on the circuit. If there bebut one ground on the circuit, it will make no dif­!erence with the burning of the lights; but if thereIS oue ground tllere is sure to be another sooner orlater, and then the trouble begins. Forthis reason,and. several others that might be mentioned, it iscl:eslrable to keep the lines clear of grounds at alltImes.

But re·tuT11ingto our problem oflocatinO" O"rounds ,we will take the circuit from which come; the flash:for example call it No. 10, and in handlina it treatit with all the respect and deference due its in'Jport­ance .. First, with the voltmeter take the electro­motive force across the terminals on the switch­board; do not be satisfied with one reading, buttake several at intervals of two or three minutes,for the voltage of an arc circuit is anything butconstant. Suppose the average for severalreadinasbe 2,500 volts. By turning to your lamp list ygumay flud that No. 10 circuit has 51 lamps of the so­called 2,000 candle power. For convenience, wewill assume the current to be 10 amperes; somesystems use this current, others a little less.Again, suppose the circuit to be 10 miles long ofNo.6 B. & S. wire. The resistance of one mile ofthis wire, as before stated, is 2.088 ohms; then 10miles would equa120.88 ohms. Now using Ohm's.law of E equals RxC, we have 208.8 volts, givingus the electromotive force required to overcome tileresistance of the line circuit. This 20S.8 volts de­ducted from the total electromotive force of the'circuit, 2,500 volts, leaves a remainder of 2,291.2,being the amount absorbed by the 51 lamps on thecircuit. This would give an average of nearly 45volts per lamp; just about the propel: voltage wlwnburning a 4~-ohm arc. In the calculation withwhich we are dealing it is of· course necessary totake iuto consideration the 208.8 volts lost in theline. If we divide this 208.8 by the number oflamps on the circuit it will give an average perlamp of a trifle over 4 volts; this added to theaverage lamp voltage will make a total of 49 volts;so that 49 is the constant to be nsed in our dealingswith No. 10 circuit. We will now connect one sideof our voltmeter to ground, and the other side tothe positive side of the circuit, If we get a read:­ing of 980 volts, for instance, and divide this bvour constant of 49 volts, it gives us 20; whichmeans, of course, that the ground lies betweenthe 20th and 21st lamp on the positive side of thecircuit. If now we connect to the negative sideand ground, and get a reading of 1.520 volts, bybringing our constant into use we divide 1,520 by49 which equals 31~locating, the ground betweenthe 31st and 32d lamp on the negative side of theeircuit; precisely the same result as wil h the firsttest, and proving beyond a doubt the correctnessof the first calculation. We are about to put ourinstruments away and resolve to hnve that groundc1ea~ed the first thiug in the morning. when ourdynamo tender informs us thnt the machine on No.10 is running very light; he thinks there are pomelights cut out on it, as he had just noticed it flash.Connecting our voltmeter between the ground andpositive side as before. 980 volts is the result; justthe same as we had left it a few minutes ngo. Con­necting now to the negativlO and grouncl, we findour reading to be ii40 volts, instead of 1,520. asbefore, Dividing 540 by the constant 49, gives· us11, showing conclusively that another ground has

January.] THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.

" -~ ";;.". '1'!,l,._ ;-"

appeared on the circuit between the eleventh andtwelftlliamp on the ncgative side. Now discon­necting the instrument from the ground and placingit across the terminals instead of a reading of 2,500volts, we get but 1,520 volts. This divided by 49equals 31 lamps left burning On the circuit; 31from 51, the total number, leaves 20 lamps cutoutby the grounds.

The number of lamps cut out could have beencalculated without taking the terminal potential,by simply adding the two ground readiugs and de­ducting their sum from the terminal potentialpreviously obtaiued, and dividing the result by theconstant 4!J. All ceutral stations have or shouldhave maps of their circuits, showing on whatstreets they run, and the location of thelamps. If such maps be at hand we take out No.10 circuit map, aud counting 20 lamps from thestatiou on the positive leg we locate onc ground,and counting 11 lamps from the statiou on the neg­ative leg, locate the other. Now when we call thelineman we do not simply tell him there are twogrouuds on No. 10, but we tell him to go to thecorner of Twenty-first and B streets for oue andFifteenth and A streets for the other. If the mapsabovc referred to are not to be had then you haveto depend upou the liueman's knowledge of thelamps and circuits.

A short time ago I had a very peculiar case ofground to delt! with; it had beeu miuiug andstorming for several dayiS, and circuits withoutground were held at a premium. One of our daycircuits of 50 lamps was reported out; not a lampon the circuit burning. A test showed the circuitto be gmllUded. Linemen were sent out on thecircuit, but after tracing it from one end to theother, failed to fiud the trouble. The machinewas kept on the circuit all the time, running at 10am pc res, on almost a dead short circuit. Whenthe firsl; lineman failed to fiud the trouble anotherwas sent out with the same result. Things werebecoming interestiug. I took the voltage of thecircuit and got a reading of 40 volts-about that-Idou't quite remember the exact fignres; betweenthe positive side and ground, about 13 volts; be­tween the negative side and ground, about 27 volts,showing, as had heen reported, that every lamp onthe circuit was onto B.y the method described inlocating a short circuit on trunk lines, I deter­termined the number of feet of wire from the sta­tion to the ground on the positive leg, that beingthe nearest one to the station, and with a linemanstarted out to find the cause of all the annoyance.I spaccd t,he distance off with my eyes as uear as Icould, and in 15 minutes from the time we left thestation the flO lights were shiuing forth iu all theirbrilliaucy, and the inuocent telephone wire wascredited with another knock out. The otherI!round was found a little later, where the volt­meter had located it.

INCANDESCENT INFRINGEMENT.

The Edison Company Gets a RestrainingOrder iu St. Louis.

A suit of the utmost importance to many peoplein St. Louis holding electric light stock, and tousers of the brilliant little incandescent lamps aswell, was filed in the United States Circuit Courtyesterday. The title of the suit is the "EdisonElectric Light Company and the Edison, GeneralElec'tric Company, of New York, vs. the ColumbiaIncandescent Lamp Company, of St. Louis, and J.'H. Hhotamel, its presictent, and A. C. Garrison,treasurer." The bill of compliant is a printedpamphlet, contaiuing allegations used in other suitsby'the same plaintiffs against other electric Ii.ghtcompanies throughout the United States in sup'portof the exclusive right to the Edison patent.

The matter was in litigation ,in New York foryears iu an action agaiust the Sawyer-Man Com­pany,which resulted iu a final victory for the Edisoucompany. Immediately after final decree was en­tered in this case a suit was entered in the UnitedSttttes Circuit Court for the Western District ofPennsylvania against the 'Westinghouse Electricand Mauufacturing Company, which resulted inanother victory for the Edi:;;on people, and injunc­tion suitll were begun against the Perkins ElectricCompany and the Mather Electric Light Company.The reason of this great activity, the attorneys forthe complainant state, is that the infringing com­panies, as soon as they saw the validity of the pat­ents sustaiued, begau turning out and selling lampsas fast as possible, in order to get rid of asmany as they could before the suit, which was in­evitable, was filed.

The patent under which tlu suits 'have been,brought was issued in January, 1880, for a periodof seventeen years, so it has but four years to run,and the Edison company desires to have its com­petftors removed from the field by 1897, that it maykill oppositiou to an effort to secure an extensionof its'jJftent rights.

Judge Thayer granted, a tempomry restrainingorder forbidding the Columbia Company from m'tn.ufacturing or selling lamps uutil February 1, andcommanding its officers to appear before him onthat day aud show cause why a permanent injunc­tion shoulclnot be issued against them.

_-...... _0 _

Litigation in Chicago.The Sunbeam and the Illinois Electric Light

Comp:tuies, m1uufacturers of incande3cent Ia.mps,shut down their factories yesterday and will not,resume operations until after Saturday, and oulytheu in the evellt that they beat the Edisou Compa­ny's injlll1ction suit against them for infringementof patent. 'Judge Grosscup issued ltu order Satur­day restraining them from shippiug the bnlbs, butthey evideutly thought it best to quit altogether un­til a decision as to their rights in the case had beenreudered~ So at noou the 200 meu employed in theSunbeam factory, ou Ogdeu Aveuue, were told togo home, and the 100 employes ill the Illillois es­tablishment ou South Callal Street received similarnotice. At the Suubeam works Mr. Cameron, themanager and president, ordered that the names andaddresses or the employes be taken that theymight be quickly placed at work again, if advisa­ble, and then he left on the fil'St train for NewYork to confer with stockholders and secure morelegal couusel. Expert workmen were at once putat work by the Sunbeam people to contrive a lampwhich in no way be cllnstrned to iuterfere withthe pateuts of the Edison folks.

Samuel Insull, President of the Chicago Edisoncomp:1Dy, said: "Since 1882 the "Edison people,under whose patents we operate, have been fight­ing these iufringem~nts. The first decision wasrendered'iast December against the United StatesLighting Company, of New York, when the works-practically owned by the Westinghouse people­were closed. This litigation cost our people$1,000,000.

"The Sawyer-Man Company of New York, whichmanufactured 100,000 lamps a day, was closed byinjuuction last month. This suit,tried in the UnitedStates Circuit Court of Appeals in New York, is theone in which the Edison Company relied. A clauseiu the decision said:

Everyone of the manufacturiug corpor.ltions,the competitors of the Edison companies, com­menced their operations with a knowledge of theexistence of the patent iu suit. They were con­trolled by business men of intelligence and ex­perience. Their promotors and managers mayhave believed, and probably did, that the patentcould not be snccessfully maintained. But theyentered upon the business with an uuderstaudingof its risks, and of the consequences which wouldbefall them as infringers if the patent should besustained. None of them can now be justly heardto say that an injunction, which is essential. if notindispensible, to the pro~tection of the owners ofthe patent and their lic·nscees, ought not to begranted because or the great pecuniary loss whichmay re3ult. If in consequence of being deprivedof the use of the lamps their investment in otherelectric apparatus will be greatly depreciated theymust take the consequences.

"The 'Westinghouse Electric ManufacturingCompany of Pittsburg has been enjoined, theworks of the Mather Electric Company of Man­chester, Conn., have been closed, and the PerkinsLamp Company is now nnder a restraining order.To-day proceedings were commenced against theColumbia Incandescent Lamp Company, of St.Louis. The Sunbeam Company, Chicago, was thelargest indepenclent company next the Sawyer­Man in the United States. ·It turned out dailyabout 5,000 lamps, "-Chicago Tj·ibume.

BOSTON, Mass., Jan. 23 -In the United StatesCircuit Court to-day, in the case of the EdisonElectric Lighting Company to restrain the Beacon

Lamp Company, of this city, from manufacturingelectric incandescent lamps, alleged to infringe Mr.Edison's pateut, the Beacon Company filed aboutthirty aflidavits, alleging that the incandescentlamp was not inveuted by Mr. Edison in 1879, ashas beeu alleged, but by the German-Americannamed Henry Gobel. The aflidavi ts show thatGpbel, after having experimented for sev­eral years, finally devised somewhat ear­lier than 1860 substantially the form ofincandescent lamp now in use, and on which Edi­sou claims the patent. The use of this lamp wasnecessarily limited by the fact that dynamos hadnot then been invented, but Mr. Gobel made manyof these lamps for several years prior to Mr. Edi­son's alleged iuvention, and used them more orless continuously in lighting his store and dwelliug,and for other purposes. The lawyers for the Bea­con Company claim that the Gobel use of the incan­descent lamp was a full anticipation of Mr, Edison'slamp and that Mr. Edison's p<ttent is invalid.

NEW YORK, Jan. 25.-With reference to the de­fense offered by the Beacon Lamp Company inBoston in the snit of the Edison Company to re­strain it from manufacturing electric incandescentlamps, alleged to be infriugements on the Edisonsystem, Mr. Franklin Pope, in the Electl'ical En­gineer for to-day, gives a full history of the inven­tions by Goebel. The electrical lights manufac­tured by Goebel in New York in 1::>59 are claimedby the Beacon Company and by many expert elec-

, tricians to antedate and anticipate Edison's inven­tious.

Mr. Pope recails Goebel's frequent appearancein the streets of New York just before the, war,with his somewhat crnde but effective apparatusfor making incaudescent .light, which apparatusthe Hanoverian philosopher exhibited to the pub­lic along with a huge telescope, also made by him­self, for a small cousideration. Heinrich Goebelwas born in Springer, Germany. in 1818; he pur­sued various experiments in galvanic and magueto­electric machinery under Prof, Monighausen be­fore coming to this couutry in 18+8. He thenestablished a little opticiau's shop in New York,coutinning his experiments with electricity. Onenight he astonished the citizens aud called out thefire department by erecting an electric arc light onhis roof, supplied by about eighty cells. One day hediscovered by burning out some wood from an ironferrule that the carbonized fibers were conductorsof electricity. This led him to construct an iucan­descent lamp in a vacuum, the filament being heldbetween two wires.

Mr. Goebel states as his reason for not comingforward sooner that he speaks English with diffi­culty and can not read it at all, and th'ought thatthe lamp was not valuahle in the way he used it, as itwas too expensive to be anything but a plaything.

Electric Signals.The recent ,rail way acc~c1ents in England

have aroused fresh interest in the question ofimproved systems of railway signaling. Maj.Yorke, in his report to the Board of Tradeon an investigation just made, says: "Reg­ulations of the most careful and satisfactorynature may be drawn up, but absolute com­pliance with them can not at'all times be in­sured." And he suggests whether it wouldnot be possible to adopt on busy sections ofthe lines some system of electrical interlock­ing which would prevent a signal man fromlowering his starting signal without the per­mission of the man in the cabin next in ad­vance. This suggestion is practically carriedout in the marvelously ingenious signalingsystem of A. W. Szlumper, which has beenbrought before the institution of Civil En­gineers. In this invention the attempt hasbeen made, and apparently with success, toconstruct a system of signals so perfect as toprevent the possibility of accident either bymisadventure or intentionally. In place ofthe ordinary block system the Sykes electriclock and block has been adopted throughout,and specially arranged for terminus working.Visual and audible signals are given. Inthis system a maximum of effectiveness andsafety seems to have been attained hy com-'bining the electrical working of the absoluteblock system with the mechanical operationof the outdoor signals, controlled by' themovement of trains passing over treadles fixedo the rails. ,.,

'. ~.

"'.,,"....

[January.THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.6

ELECTRICAL NOVELTIES.

A Photo-electric Detector.

News comes from Toledo, 0., of the suc­,cessful use there of a camera and flash lightin the detection and identification of twoyoung burglars. .

This new photo-electnc detector works asfollows:

The flash light powder is placed in a smallcup above a disk roughened on the un?erside beneath which is a common lucIfer, . .match held vertically agamst It.

As the burglar enters he steps on th~ ele.c­tric mat on the floor, thusclosmg the CIrCUIt.This throws a switch over so that the flash­light apparatus is now in .the circuit. Th.espring which controls the dIsk over the luc~­

fer match is set in motion, the match ISlighted and the flash-light material is ignited.Throu~h the powder box containing the flash­light runs a light fuse wire, which .is a partof the circuit controlling the operatIOn of thedrop-shutter of the camera.

Thel:efore, as soon as the flash goes off,the fuse wire is destroyed, the circuit to thecamera shutter is closed and the latter drops,the picture having been secured in the briefexposure of the plate. It will be observedthat the exposure and flash are simultaneous,and the exposure is completed by the acti.onof the light itself. The inventor has tWIceemployed the apparatus to detect thie'ves,and each time with success.

Automatic LeUer Express Delivery.

The new departure in express delivery inEngland, which was talked of some time ago,has come into operation, although for thepresent it is only experimental. In front ofthe Royal Exchange has been placed an auto­matic boy, which is intended to be an adjunctto the express ,delivery of letters and parcels.On dropping in a penny the purchaser ob­tains an outer envelope, inclosing a smallwhite envelope and card, on which the de­sired communication can be written, a smalldesk in the front of the box providing thenecessary resting place. At the same timean electric bell calls a messenger from thenearest post office. Where express deliveryof the parcel is desired, the arrival of themessenger must be awaited, but a lettermay be deposited in the messenger recepta­cle for immediate dispatch. The necessaryfee has, in every case, to be inclosed in the

, envelope addressed, and should the paymentbe insufficient, the addressee will be required topav the difference. No postage is charged forth(s service. and the fee specified in the scalewhich are at the rate of 6c per mile, includetrain and car fares. If the sender wishes a

, cab to be used, he incloses the fare in theouter eiwelope, on which he inscribes "Bycab." If this attempt to provide for the pub­lic demand for prompt service meets with

, success, the authorities of the post office areprepared to introduce the system in manyother centers.

Electric Interurban Travel.

One of the most successful interurban elec­tric roads in the country is operating betweenthe twin cities ofthe Northwest, Minneapolisand St. Paul. This line has been so suc­cessfull y operated that the local steam trainsoperating between those cities have beenfinally abandoned, as they could not competewith the low freight rates of the electric road.The latter charge much less than the steamroads. The latter will now accommodate thelocal traffic in a way by through trains.

The electric railway company now pro­poses to supply as much of the traffic betweenthe twin cities as possible and in order to dothis it will be necessary to put in another line

. and several branch lines with towns that wouldnot be connected with the direct systems.Since the steam lines have discontinued theirlocals, several towns have been left withoutproper railroad facilities. By next springthe electric railway company proposes havingall it snew lines completed and ready to beoperated.

Underground Electric Conduit Railway.The results attending the operation of the

underground electric conduit railway on theNorth Chicago Railway are so satisfactorythat about two miles of similar track will belaid by the Rocky Creek Railway Companyin Washington, D. C. The conduit used inChicago is much like a cable conduit, 15inches deep and 9 inches wide. The yokesare 20 inches deep, spaced 4 feet apart, andconnected by a sheet-iron lining, about whichthe concrete is placed. Within this conduitare two copper wires along which the trolleyruns. This trolley has four wheels, and is soarranged that it yields freely to every motionof the car above. Contact is made andbroken by a lever much like those used oncable cars. The conduit for the Washingtonroad is to be 18 inches deep and have connec­tion to the sewers every 100 feet for drainagepurposes. The copper conductors are to bea quarter of an inch in diameter. Outsidethe central portions of the city the overheadtrolley will probably be used, since the un­derground system is still in an experimentalstage and is only employed to comply withthe recent law forbidding overhead wires inthe center of the city.

A Motor as a Dynamo for Braking Pur­Purposes.

The electrician of the Sioux City Street Rail­way, I. B. Walker, has devised and put in opera­tion on some of the cars on his lines, a controllingdevice which converts the car motor into a dy.n­amo, when it is desired to stop the car. This isnot an emergency brake, but intended for ordinaryuse. A lever, convenient to the driver, works aswitch which is placed in a small box attached tothe side of the controlling-stand of the car. Asimple pull of the lever works a system of contactswhich cut out the trolley and wire motors as dyn­amos. The momentum, of course, is the powerwhich revolves the armatures and the effect is toovercome the driving force, and the car slackensits speed.

The resistance of the rheostat is worked off, theless speed is required, by throwing the switch­handle around as usual in starting the car. Whena stop has been made or car reaches the bottom ofthe grade the brake-lever is moved back, whichcuts in the trolley current again.

Long Distance Electric Roads.If an electric road of considerable length is not

constructed and put in operation in the near futureit will not be for lack of schemes looking to thisend. Several projects of this nature are beingpushed, and some of them are apparently, quitenear a realization to the extent that work has beenbegun on them. The most extensive perhaps ofthese projects is the Chicago aud St. Louis, whichit is proposed to construct on a system devised byDr. Wellington Adams, and to which referencehas been made before' in these columns. Workhas already been begun on the bed of this road.It is being pushed in both directions, and much ofthe right of way is reported as secured. Securitieshave been advertised for sale. It will be nearly300 miles long, and it is proposed to make aspeed of 100 miles an hour on it.

Perhaps the most pretentious scheme, which hasbacking of well-known names, is that of the Wash­ington and Baltimore Electric Railway, which pro­poses to make a speed of about 60 miles an houror a mile a minute. Some preliminary work, weare informed, has been done on this roael, and itscharter has beeu extended and surveys made forbuilding the road to Philadelphia-three times aslong as was orgiually proposed. A feature in con­nection with this project is the bUildiug of a graudboulevard connecting Washington and Baltimore,the electric road to be a part of the boulevard sys­tem.

In Washington it is proposed to build au electricroad connecting the cities of Tacoma and Seattle.l'he scheme of this road is not flO much to makehigh speed as it is to develop the intermediatecountry. In Western Massachusetts it is proposedto build lines connecting the electric roads ofSpringfield, Holyoke aud Northampton: then bybuilding branch roads connect all the larger ad­joining towns. Some of these connections arenow under way and others give evidence of beingsoon consummated, making, when comp)eted, asystem extending forty miles north and south andsixteen miles east and west, with branches.

One of the leading electrical firms of Austriahas recently submitted to the Miuister of Com­merce a project to connect Vienna with Buda­Pesth. There are some novel features in the sys­tem as planned, and the proposed system is beingmuch discussed by electrical experts in Europe.­Electl'ical Ind~tstl'ies.

ANew Mode of Producing ElectricalEnergy.

An English electrical paper is responsiblefor the statement that the nickel-in-the-slotprinciple is to be applied to the production ofelectrical energy. Hitherto the public hasfed the automatic machine with coins in re­turn for value. In the latest plan the processhas been reversed~ The public is now to re­ceive money instead of paying it. To theperson who turns a crank 100 times the ma­chine will deliver up 2c. The crank is con­nected with a dynamo, and the 100 revolu­tions of the handle manufactures a quanty ofelectrical energy, which is eventually to beretailed by the o'wners of the machine forpurposes of illumination and power. Theplan is well spoken of in England, wherethere are thousands of persons out of em­ployment, but whether it would answerequally well in this cou~ltry where paupersare not so plentiful, is questionable. Theplan has, however, one advantage; no manneed go in want of a meal who can applyhimself to the electrical automatic machine.The popularity of the scheme would seem t.odepend on the time and degree of. f~rce Itwould take to do the 100 turns, and It IS pre­sumed that fair wages could be made at therate fixed. It is suggested that the in-yentionis capable of wide application. vVhy shouldnot every household be provided with one?Every member of the family might take aturn at the crank from time to time by wayof exercise, and thus procure health and re­muneration at the same moment. It wouldcertainly be it most satisfactory arrangementif the energy hitherto expended on the dumb­bell practice could in this way be mae!e tocontribute to the expenses of housekeepll1g.

Rapid Transit in the West.An apochryphal story from ~ike's Peak

avers that one Ross Ward, a railroader, to­bogganed down the mountain on a boardthree feet long, one-and-a-half feet wide andwith a cleat nailed on the bottom for a keel.The keel was fitted between the rack rails ofthe Cog railway. Ross slid nine miles witha descent of 8,000 feet, in 11} minutes. Thisdeed was on a $25 wager. He offers to doit again for $6,000,000.

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~"-.::.J_an_u_a...::rY~.J~ --,- T_H_E_E_L_E_C_T_R_IC_A_L_W_0_R_K_E_R_. ~ :_:_7- "'~

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Will the "Hell~"Girl Take the Place of'the Train Dispatcher?

Car dispatching by telephone has beenpracticed for some time on several street rail­ways, but it. has not been adopted on any ofthe steam roads as yet save the Boston, Re­vere Beach and Lynn line. The superintend­ent of that road, C. A. Hammond, statesthat when the telephone replaced the Morseinstrument on the railway some dozen yearsago', there where times when the annoyanceswere very trying, to say the le~st, al~d w~o.lly

ruinous to that gentle and patient dispOSItionwith which every railroad man is blest. Thelines would not be maintained properly, in­duced currents would occur, and similar diffi­culties tended to obscure the exact meaningof the message. Now, however, a coppermetallic circuit is used, with sufficient batterypower to allow a dozen or more instrumentsto be placed on a single circuit, the calls forwhich are readily distinguished by long andshort rings, after the manner of a dot-and­dash code. It is stated that the induced cur­rents ate completely neutralized and the lineis perfectly silent so far as disturbances dueto such causes are concerned. The questionnaturally arises whether with such a perfectmeans of carrying on conversation at adistance the telephone can be safely reliedupon to transmit railway messages, especiallytrain orders. Supt. Hammond is of theopinion that, when surrounded by propersafeguards, this may be considered nearly orquite as feasible as by the present method ~f

using the Morse telegraph. The sender ISrequired to write his message a few words ata time, either from a written copy or as hetransmits it. The receiver takes down themessage on the proper blank, repeating eachphrase as it is uttered. When the messageor order is completed, the whole is read, in­cluding number, address, time and signature,whereupon the sender says "0. K," whichis written on the order, and then repeated by

. the receiver, after which the sender adds "0K," to his own copy. No order is valid unlessthe letters "0 K" appear in their properplace over the agents signature. Before theorder is detached from the agent's book, theperson to whom it is addressed must sign thestub certifying that he has received the mes­sage and fully understands it. This simplemethod is reported to have worked extremelywell, and on occasions when there have beensuch serious delays as to entirely disarrangethe train service, the whole road, includingthe ferry, has been operated under specialtelephone orders issued directly by the super­intendent, giving inferior trains rights oversuperior h:ains, changing meeting points,converting sections of the road from doubleto single track, running extra trains withoutnotice and providing for relief in case ofbreakdown or washout. It has also beenfound that while technically skilled operatorsare not as necessary for handling the tele­phone as th~y are the telegraph, neverthelessa certain energy is important to secure goodresults, and to handle train orders by tele­phone successfully requires a well disciplinedforce of agents, all of whom must be held toa literal and undeviating compliance with therules governing the method of taking andrepeating orders down to the minutest detail.

Trouble from Electric Wires.

The multiplicity of high-tension electricwires in various cities and towns is causinggreat trouble with the local telephone service.One often hears a merchant say he can hearmore distinctly over a 10l}g distance telephoneline than over a local one. The explanatiC'nfor that is, the local lines are often troubled

by induction from trolley wire circuits in thevicinity, while the long-distance is practicallyfree from such interferences.

Whenever a local telephone service usesthe earth for return circuits and an electricrailway operates near by, one or th: othermust give up the use of the ground If go~d

telephone service is required. As the rail­way company's service can not be effected ~Y

low tension electric wires, such as those used III

telephone lines, it does not care who uses theearth, consequently the injured parties,who aretelephone people, often have to adopt somemethod of relief. In many of the largecities the telephone people have adopted thecomplete metallic circuit.

An experiment recently tried by the PostalTelegraph & Cable Co., of Harrisburgh, Pa.,shows how strong some of the induced cur­rents are that telephone companies have toconted with. It was found that the groundbetween Harrisburgh and Carlisle, which are18 miles apart, with the Susquehanna Riverbetween them, was so thoroughly charged'with' electricity from the return circuitsthrough the earth of the trolley lines in Har­risburgh, that it was possible to operate aa wire between the two cities without anybattery:

The electrician of the cable company whomade these experiments says, he has found asatisfactory remedy for the interference, butwill not state what it is. The best and surestremedy we know of is a complete metalliccircuit such as is now used in this and otherlarge cities. Various devices which it wasthought would be less costly were tried here,but it was finally realized nothing wouldmake the telephone service thoroughly inde­pendent of the trolley wire or any other high­tension wire, device except a complete metal­lic circuit.

The latter, of course, is quite ,expensivein comparison to the old system where theground was used for a return, and if the el~c­

trician above referred to has a new deVicewhich though less costly than the metalliccircuit, yet as efficacious, it will surely be ofgreat value to those companies that are troub­led with induced currents, yet can not betterthemselves unless at a great expense, whichthey probably feel they can not stand just atpresent at least.-Electrtc Train Lighting.

Dancer Enveloped With Electricity.

It has remained for an Englishman, andone from the provinces at that, to outdo eitherParis or N ew York in the electric-dance busi­ness. He brought out in London less than afortnight ago, a most wonderful contrivance.A girl. and a very pretty one, ran upon thestage dressed in a costume somewhat likethat worn in the serpentine dance, and abouther dress and among the folds of her skirtsflashed sparks and lights of all colors. Shedanced and kicked, twisted and turned, whilethe lights continued to flash. Revolvingwheels, fountains and prisms of light playedabout her, appearing and disapp.earing, andchanging with every smile and step. Imag­ine a handsome woman dancing in a rainbowwhile it turns about her, casting its difterentcolors alternately upon her face and figure,and vivid flashes like miniature lightningplaying about all. The dance was done with­out other sound than the music of the orches­tra, and with no visible means of making thedisplay.

The way the thing is done is no secret,though its technical explanation requires somelittle knowledge of electricity on the part ofthe reader. The young woman had fastenedto her dress vaccuum tubes, which are glasstubes from which the air has been exhausted.These are led by an induction coil gIving a

long spark, which, w hen discharged throughthe vacuums, gave ou t the intense and var1­ing lights at will. The tubes were made ~n

various forms, and the dancer wore an Il}dlarubber dress to protect, her fr0111 the dis­charge.

STROWGER AUTOMATIC TELEPHONEEXCHANGE.

This system has not been materially changedsince it was patented, although some- minor im­provements have been made looking toward agreater proficiency of its working. Since the ex­change at La Porte was opened the claims for thissystem have been verified, and it is reported asworking tu a high degree. of satisfaction.

The purpose of this devise, to do away with thecentral exchange, so that each subscriber may au­tomatically connect himself with any other sub"scriber, has been accomplished without any hitchin the La Porte exchange, as also in_the FortSileridan excilange, which the company has recentlyequipped and which has been accepted by the gov­ernment. On each telephone are four or more keys,representing units, tens, hundreds, and, if needsbe, thousands, wilile another key is "release." Atthe central is the automatic device, by which thevarious connections signaled for are inade bymeans of electro magnets, levers, pawlS, and ashaft with ratchet wheels and a connecting arm.The armature of the units' magnet il:! fastened tothe unit's lever. To this lever is attached a pawl.This pawl engages the ratchet teeth of the units'wheel. The same is true of the tens and hundreds,so that when the signal is completed the centralinstrument makes the desired connection. Thereare as many machines at the central office asthel'e are telephones, and each machine belongs toits particular instrument and has th.e same number.Thus, suppose 25 wants to call up 123. Number 25presses his hundreds' key once, tens' key twice,units' key three times. In maclline 25 at the centralstation, corresponding to his telephone, the arm isplaced on contact point number 123, and the tele­phone is put in electrical circuit to 123. Now, tocall 123, number 25 rings his bell, which rings upnumber 123. When the conversation is ended andthe ear phones hun)!; up, number 25 presses his re­lease key, thereby actuating the release magnet onhis central station automatic device, allowing thearm to return to its normal position, when the con­nection is broken.

The Stowger Company has under considerationthe equipping of four or five exchanges with this

. automatic system.The Stowger Company proposes to install one of

its exchanges in the Electricity Building at theWorld's Columbian Exposition and has generouslyoffered to connect the several exhibitors in thebuilding with one another by this system. Thiswill give the system a thorough test and at the sametime demonstrate its practicability.-;-Electj'ical In­dustl'ies.

EMANCIPATING THE CANAL MULE.In his message to thp. Legislature, Governor

Flower of New York, remarks that only steamcanal-boats capable of towing three to five boatseach trip are now able to compete success~ully

with the railroads in the transportation of frelght,and he suggests the inquiry, whether by the appli­cation to the canals of the "deadly trolley," itmiO"ht not be possible to increase the speed oftra~sit from the average rate of two miles per hourto the maximum which is possible without injuryto the banks of the canal, which is about fourmiles per hour. He points out that abundantwater-power for the purpose is available at manypoints along the line of the canals, which mightbe utilized at a comparatively small expense. Hethinks the electric plant should be owned by theState and expresses the opinion that the necessarypowe~' could be supplied, to each boat at a pr~cenot exceeding sixty cents per day. We agree wlththe Governor that the scheme should be tried, andwe believe it to be perfectly practicable. Doublingthe speed would increase the carrying capacity ofthe canal four-fold, and would at the same timeenormously diminish the cost of conducting tran~­

portation. Let the patient canal mule be emanCI­pated. His brother, the car mule, was freed longago by the trolley.-Electj'ical Engineej·.

/.i{

8 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. [January.

that transforms night into day, who con­structed the machines and instruments bywhich this has been accomplished, who risktheir lives daily that the community mayhave light, news, easy communication andprotection, have been reduced year by yearfrom their rightful position among skilledmechanics, until to-day, both in wages andsocial standing they are lower than any othertrade requiri ng no greater amount of skillor manual effort, while the trade is overrunwith unskilled men, and in consequence thedanger to life and public safety is constantlyincreasing.

Only a few men in different cities seemedto realize where we were drifting to and setto work with a determ1l1ation almost born ofdespa~r to stop the tide and place themselvesand fellow-workers in that material, moraland social position the dignity of their tradeentitled them to. A few local unions werestarled, the armature revolved and others sawthe light until a dozen or more locals wereorganized. But it was soon evident thatthere should be one grand circuit from whicheach local could draw new life and energy,and thus establish a, common bond ofbrotherhood among all electrical workers,and as a result the wireman, the lineman,he inspector, the armature-winder andothers met in convention, and thus was bornthe National Brotherhood of ElectricalWorkers.

The St. Louis Local issued a call for aconvention to meet in St. Louis, November21, 1891, and seven unions responded. Thedelegates present, though few in numbers,were resolute and determined and pledgedthemselves not to cease from their work untilevery city inthe Unit~d States would be or­ganized.

The following officers were elected for thefirst year:

Grand President-Henry Mil.1er.

First Grand Vice-President-E. C. Har­tung.

Second Grand Vice-President-F. J.Heizleman.

Third Grand Vice-President and GrandOrganizer-T. J. Frisnell.

Grand Secretary-Treasurer-J. T. Kelly.

OWING to an open circuit on oUI·trunk linecaused by the blowing of the main fuse of theMekeel Printing Co. (ready cash), the pub­lication of the ELECTRICAL WORKER has beendelayed about one week. As itwas necessaryto make entirely new arrangements, and thesecond make-up went through with a rush,we hope our readers will overlook any mis­takes the·y may discover. We hope that suchdelay will not occur again, and our readerscan look for the secOIld issue on Feb. 15th.

NATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRI­CAL WORKERS OF AMERICA.

The Chronicle of Time had almost closedhis volume on the Nineteenth Century-acentury which will go down the 'ages as thetransition period from the ancient to themodern, from the old order of things to thenew. He had recorded in glowing colorsthe discoveries and progress of this age--:­how a struggling infant had grown to be a..'giant and given its name to the century-theage of electricity. But, ere he fin­ishes the last chapter, let hi m pause' to.chronicle the birth of another infant, which,like its prototype, is destined to be an im­portant factor in the moral, social and intel­lectual progress of the world-the NationalBrotherhoo<l of Electrical Workers ofAmerica.

Let us see what apology it can offer forits ,existence.

While the electrical industry is new-theoldest branch so young that the President ofthe largest electrical company in the worldwas a grown man, a country doctor ridingaround on a pair of pill-bags before therewas a telegraph line in existence; the tele­phone and electric lights were scarcely men­tioned in the school books of the youngest (Ifour members, and the electric railroads andthe application of power are things of yes­terday; yet from a humble beginning it hasgrown to ,such proportion that to-day thereare probably more persons employed in itthan any other industry except steam trans­portation.

With the introduction of this new andsubtile force-harmless when handled prop­erly, but more terrible than the thunderboltsof Jove in the hands of unskilled men-one~ .would naturally suppose t}lat the men who Put your advertisements where they will do thehave to deal with it would be well paid for most good. Bring your merchandise before thetheir work. But alas, the men who have eyes of those who have the ordering of suchcarried the tekgraph lines from ocean to wares. Advertise in the ELECTRICAL WORKER.

. and your goods aud address will become as familiarocean, who wove the web of telephone WIres as "household words" to all interested in ,elec-in every city and town, who erected the light tricity.

TO OUR PATRONS.

To those who have been, kind enough togive us their advertising patronage for ihis,our first, issue, we extend our sincere thanks,and hope they will receive orders aggregat­ing many times the face value of their con-

, tracts with us. There is no reason why theyshould not do so, as our journal will be in thehands of everyone interested in electricity.Each member of the Brotherhood is a reader,and where it falls to him to recommend ororder supplies, naturally he will prefer abusiness house whose advertisement will ap­pear in his own official journal.

Our advertising rates may not be as low assome trade journals with one-fourth thecirculation, but as our present subscriptionhst is 5000, and with prospects of doublingin the very near future, we can assure ourpatrons that they will be certain to get better'results than from any other trade paper. Asour rates will increase with our increase ofcirculation, we would advise our patrons toclose yearly contracts at once.

Advertising Rates on Application.

St. Louis, lllo., January, 1893.

As THE ELECTHlCAJ, 'VORKER rcnchcs the men whodo the work, aud recommend or ordcr thc material, itsvaluc as an advertising medium cau be readily appreciated.

===THE===

ELECTRICAL WORKER.

EXECUTTVE BO.lIIlD.

HENRY MILT_FlR, GRAND PRESIDENT.13 Emilie Bldg., ot. Louis, Mo.

J. T. KJ<:I,LY, GRAND SEC'y & 'l'REAS.,HOl Olive St., 8t. Lonis; Mo.

P. F. Hl~ALY,1~5 Railrcnd .A vc., Jersey City, N. J.

l!'. J. ROTH,U14 Oak St., Kansas CitY,l\Io.

J. J. VIVI~S,178 S. Basin St., New Orlcans.

JOHN DUNN,]]3 Public Square, Cleveland. Ohio.

P. J. ~'LEMMD1G. G. N. n. l~,

l\Iinncapolis. Minn'.JOnS .AT_L1~",

Box 805, 1\larHn's Ferry, O.O••.T• .I~OSTI~i\NI)S.

2801 Fifth Ave., Ohicago.

J. T. KELLY, SEC'Y & TREAS.,PUllLISTIEU.

904 Olive St., St. Louis, Mo.

OFFICIAL JOUltNAL OF THE

National Bl'othel'hoOII Electrical Workers.

SUBSCRIPTION. $1.00 PER YEAR IN ADVANCE.

SALUTATORY.

The ELECTRICAL WORKER needs no

apology for its appearance. While at first it

. may seem that the field is already covered

by the large number of able electrical papers

that are published, yet the ELECTRICAL

WORKER has a field exclusively its own.

The electrical journals of to-day appear to

be published for the. benefit of the college

professor and the college-bred electrical

engineer. The great rank and file of elec­

trical workers are considered as scarcely

worthy of notice. The editors seem to think

that the man who cannot solve all the prob­

lems in Euclid had no ri!rht to read an elec­

trical paper. There are thousands of elec­

trical workers in the United States who

scarcely ever read an electrical journal on ac­

count of the formidable array of algebraic

equations that bristle on every page.

At the convention of the National Brother­

hood ot Electrical Workers recently held in

Chicago, it was decided to published a jour­

nal devoted to the interests of the electrical

workers and the electrical industry, unham­

pered by trusts or cliques. The ELECTRICAL

WORKER, edited and publi~hed by men who

have devoted the best years of their lives in

the hazardous work of their craft, who un­

derstand the needs and requirements of the

electrical workers, will be a fearless cham­

pion of their rights and ever watchful of

their interests.

With this brief notice we make our bow

to the public, and hope that in their criticism

th~y will consider the difference between

climbing a pole and wielding an editorial pen.

January.] THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.

ground conduit cables and overhead system by in­sulation. What plans the American company wilsubmit have not been disclosed. It is thought theconduit cable system will be used.

GOOD WORDS FROM OUR GRAND PRESI­DENT.

more skilled workmen, and it will be fortheir benefit to pay us accordingly.

One year has passed since the organiza- In conformity with our constitution I wouldtion of the National Brotherhood of Elec- pow urge on all Locals the necessity' of open-

---.....-...........-~...._:........---trical Workers. From a small beginning ing a reading room or library as soon as pos- Electl'ic Light COllvention.'we have passed many of the older organiza- sible, and have a l"egulal' course of instruc- Th N' I EI ' . 1 ,. ,uI'11e attOna 'ectnc Llg It AssoclattOn.tions, and our growth seems almost phenom- tion in the practical application of electricity. meet in this ciLy February 28, March 1 and 2, Theina!' Our membership at the organization Also at the regular ll1eetings when the 18th deliberative proceedings will be conducted in theof the Brotherhood was scarcely 300, while order of business is called-discussions on Bell Telephone Building, and the headquarters for

I h 't' t I delegates will. be at the Southern Hotel. Thereto-e ay we ave an orgalllza lon ex ene mg practical electrical subiects-that the presi-will be about 600 delegates present, composed of

from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from the dent insist upon every member saying some- the leading electricians and managers of electricGulf to the Canadian border, with Locals in thing, no matter how little, and in a short lighting plants in the United States. The St.all tbe principal cities. time you will find it necessary to limit their Louis Electric Club is making arrangements to

The members of the Brotherhood can time. Just get them once stiuted, and they properly entertain the delegates. A banquet willjustly feel proud of their work rIuring the will read and study up some subject, and say be tendered the· delegates, aud everything possible

. will be done to make their stay as pleasant as pos-first year. In a number of cities the hours' probably only a few words in an awkward sible. The sessious of the body will be devoted toof work have been reduced from ten to eight, manner, but they have started to read and the discussion of features of interest to both theand wages have been increased from 10 to 50 think, and express their thoughts, and they public and lighting interests, and papers will beper cent. As it is the duty of each member see a new world open up before them. They read by leadiug electricians on SUbjects the ma-to assist a brother membt''l" and to explain all have commenced to think. '- j_orityof which will be for the benefit of the mana-,. ,. . . .I .. ¥ ""-Pel's of electric plants. A special feature of thedifficult p0111tS to hIm, the orgalllzatlOn IS N ow that the Press Secretar~ IS a. regular meeting will be a lecture and demonstration by Mr.one vast school where all are scholars and· officer, let us hope that each Ul110n will select Nickola Tesla, one of the leading electricians ofteachers in turn, and as a result the work ·the right man for the right place. The Press the age. Mr. TesIa is a young man and camedone has been much better and has given Secretary is the local representative of the prominently before the public about a year ago.more satisfaction both to the employers and ELECTRICAL WORKER, and should furnish At thllt time he delivered a lecture in New York

- . . . . City-that placed him in the front rank of electri-the publIc. vVe all know how It was a few the paper WIth all the latest electncal news 'H t d ttL d d. ", . , . . cmns. . e was reques e 0 go 0 on on, anyears ago. Each wOlkman was Jealous 111 hiS VICInlty j also the condltlOn of trade, did so, whel:e he delivered the same lecture. He

.of the other, and instead of assisting one new work, extension of plants; etc. We has lectured but two or three times in this coun­another, they would invariably work against should aid our Grand Secret.ary-Treasury in try. The lecture will be opeu to the public andeach other no one canng how the work was every way we can to make the ELECTRICAL will be given in Entertaiument Hall. The conven-

, bl ' h I I - . bId ' II d tion will elect officers and transact such other bns-done and each amlllg teat ler w len any- WORKER a success, - at 1 e ucatlOna v an. b d d -Th• " , 'T'" - mess as may e eeme necessary. e present

thlllg went wlOng, wluch was an cvelY day financially. You can aId h1l11 finanCIally by officers are: Jas.1. Ayre of St. Louis, president;-occurrence. During the past year the getting subscribers and advertisements, and E. A. Armstrong of Camden, first vice president;the Brotherhood was unable to supply the educationally by sending from time to time C. H. Wilmerding of Chicago, second vice presi­demand for men, while there were a numbe\... an article on some practical subject. / dent, and 'George F. P~rter, of Ne~, York, secr.e­of electrical workers looking for work all the", In conclusion, allow me to say that I h~e tary. Among the pr?mlUent electnc1l1ns who Will, . 'I b I' d -A ' I' d' I d '11 be present are: ElIhu Thomson, Prof. Forbes,

time. ThiS can easl y e exp ame. rtlc e tned· to do my uty 10 I. le past, an WI en- P f St 1 P f W t C 1 H . F k. . , .• '" '. - . ." 1'0. an ey, 1'0. es on, ar - errlllg, 'ran-

II. sectIOn 1, of our conshtutlOn reads: 'e ...,'.. deavor to do so m the future, hopmg, With Spragne and H. Ward-Lennard."To maintain a higher standard ofskill , to en- your kind assistance, we may more than ------,. ...... ___courage the formation of schools of instruc- double our membership during the present ELECTRICITY IN ST. LOUIS.

tion 10 Local Unions for teaching the practi- year. Trusting that each member will do Now let some of the other cities turn on thecal application of electricity and for trade all in his power to further the interests of search light and see what they can discover.

1. That St. Louis has more miles of electriceducation generally, to cultivate feelings of our organization, and wishing you all a happy railway than any city in the world, Boston not ex-friendship among the men of our craft, to New Year, I am, fraternally, yours, - cepted.settle all disputes between employers and HENRY MILLER. 2. That St. Louis has a longer electric roademployes by arbitration, to assist each other than any city in the world?in sickness and distress, to secure employ- Utilizing Niagara. 3. That electricity for railway purposes is trans-

- mitted to greater dIstances in St. Louis than inment, to reduce the hours of daily labor, to The Cataract Construction Company, the build- any city in the world?secure adequate pay for our work, and bYers of the great tunnel, inlet canal and wheel pits 4. That there is now building in St.·Louis·a

system of electric railways iu which the mostlegal and proper means to elevate the moral, for the purpose of generating electric power for' modern conclusions of electrical and mechanicalintellectual and social condition of all our transmission to Buffttlo and other cities, will award engineering are being introduced, and which marks

b UT' h I I d bl the most important contract in the history of elec- a distinct step in advauce?mem ers." nIt SUC 1 au a e objects in 5. That St, Louis has b" far the lar!!:est arctrIcal progress in the world next month. This J ~view, can it be wondered at that our organiza- lighting station in the world?

contract will be for the construction of a dynamo 6 Th t St L . b th 1 t It t' .tion has met with such favor everywhere, or . a . oms _as e arges a erna lUg lU-of 5000·horse-power capacity, the largest ever candescent station in the world? .

that our members can so easily find work constructed, and also for a system of transmission These would seem to be sufficient to establishwhile other men are idle. which will conduct the electrical power from the the greatness of St. Louis electrically. But they

are not all. .During the past we have had very few generating station to the point of delivery with the St. Louis has the most comprehensive telephone

difficulties with our employers, and they least loss of power, Large electrical companies- system, and the best service of any city iu Americathree foreign and two iu this country-have en- -probably in the world.

were all settled satisfactorily to both parties. tered into competition for these contracts. These St. Louis has an electric street railwa} which isNow, fellow-workmen, having the honor 0 E C to-day doing a thriving business, where for part

are the erlikon' lectric _ompany, of Zurich; of its route it replaced a cable line and for the re-of being again elected your Grand President, Brown, Boom'ie & Co,. of Baden; Cied l'Illdustrie- mainder of it replaced a snbnrban steam railway.I take this opportunity of calling upon you Electrique Company, of Geneva; General Electric ·St. Louis has made the greatest use of the elec-

C f N Y kIth W t' h tric cnrrent in public displays, illuminations andto assist me in the future as you have in the ompany,o ew or, ane - . e es lUg ouse festivities-witness the celebrations here last fall.

Electric Company of Pittsbnrg. St L . . th 1 f th d t 'past. There is still a great deal for us to do, . oms IS e lome 0 e gran es conceptIOnAll the companies have submitted plans, designs of electrical engineering the world has ever seen

but by perseverence we will accomplish the and miniature plants for the inspection of the Cat- -a double track electric air line nearly30Q milesobjects we are organized for. aract Company. These designs will be finally in length, over which cars are to be operated.at a

speed of 100 miles per hour. - -The electrical companies at present passed upon by Prof. George J!'orbes, the electrical And St. LOllis has its inventors, too,· of world-

understand that it is for their benefit, expert of the company, of London, England. The wide fame. One of them made series incandes­manner of transmission wlll b'e by the alternating cent lighting possible, and installed it in many

as well as our own, that we should work cities. Another patented a fundamental idea ofcurrent, bnt the system to be employed is yet to behand in hand. They now see through the determined. Prof. Forbes has made a!thorou!!:h electric street railway mechanicism, and is nowff f . ~ before the courts for a hearing of his claim:~W.

e arts 0 our orgallization they can procure examination into all foreign systems' of under- H. Bryan, in Age of Steel.

"

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10 THE ELECTRICAL -WORKER. [January.

LOCAL UNION No. 12, OF EVANSVILLE, IND.January 10, 1893.

Special Correspondence.

No. 12 is moving right along with the tide with­out making special effort in any direction. Withthe mercury hiding in the bottom of the thermom­eter, and business naturally dull at this season ofthe year, there is little for the boys to do but toamuse themselves.

At the regular meeting held January 3d, theofficers for the ensuing year were installed. Theyare as follows: R. Wright, President; J. Erwin,Vice-President; Harry Fisher, Recording Secre­tary; S. E. Wilke, Fiuancial Secretary; E. L.Masters, Treasurer; Wm. Marrier, Inspector; AI.Grant, Foreman. This is Bro. Wright's secondterm as President of No. 12. He was also Presi­dent of the old Wiremen and Linemen's Union.Bro. Harry Fisher was the Evansville delegate tothe St. Louis convention when the National Broth­erhood of .Electrical Workers was organized, and.has since served bis union in various capacitiesand has proven himself to 'be a hard conscientiousworker. Bro. Masters, who has been re-electedcustodian of the funds of the union, was our dele­gate to the Chicago convention and distingnishedhimself in a gathering where ablest men of theBrotherhood met.

The committee on entertainment made a lengthyreport, and from present indications the membersof No. 12 aud their friends will in the near futurehave a chance to trip the light fantastic to theirhearts' content.

Bro. Bennett and Bro Brown were reported asbeing able 'to go to work, after being laid up forrepairs for some time.

W. H. ERNST, Press Sec'y.

DETROIT, MICH.

from Bro. J. T. Kelly read aud placed on file.Committee appointed to wait on the ElectricLight and Power Company in regard to wages, re­ported that they would receive au answer as soonas possible. Badge committee reported thatlJadges would be on hand by next meeting night.The installation of officers was postponed tillnext meeting. Bro. R. W. Moore was appointedby the president to read an electrical paper at thenext meeting. Bro. H. Bledsoe was awarded ahandsome emblematic pin of the Brotherhood forselling the greatest number of tickets for the ball.Bro. Mike Murry, who was on the sick list, wasdeclared off and returned to work last week.Brethren of our Local unite with me in wishingTllJG ELECTRICAL vVoRJom a great success.

Fraternally,W. H. SCHAFFER, Press Sec'y.

Local Union No. 17, of this city, appears to beawakening from a lethergic sleep to a full realizationof the duties devolving upon it. For some timepast its progress has been hampered by a numberof drones, whose sole acts were such as calculated­to engender strife and discord in our ranks, andwhose memory appeared to have been very treach­erous when the m!1tter of the payment of duescame up, It became apparent that such ornamentsmust be got rid of, and that a few others, whoseactions towards the Union during the Septembertrouble here warranted their unceremonious expul­sion, must also go, and thOugh the number ma­terially decreased our membership, still we adoptedheroic measures, and their names are no longer onour membership roll. Already we see the wisdomof our actions, as our present membership is com­posed of good and true brethren, whose integrityand good will can be counted on at all times.

Uecently Bl·O. S. IL King made a trip to Kala­mazoo and initiated five new members, as well ascollecting several months' dues from members whowere working there. .

Our first gl·and ball took place at Arbeiter HallChristmas Eve, and, although the elements were

LOCAL UNION No. 11, OF TERRE HAUTE, IND.January 10, 1893.

hereto choosing one arbitrator and these two athird.

In case the claim for breach of contract be sus­tained by the arbitration, the party committing thebreach of contract shall immediately pay to theother party hereto as liquidated damages, $50.perday, for each day from the time said written noticewas received by the party who is claimed to havecommitted the breach of contract, until breach ofcontract is rectified.

That no sympathetic strike be ordered by theunion, and no sympathetic lockout by the associa-tion. .

All applicants to the union hereafter shall passan examining board before being eligible to member­ship in the union, said examining board beingcomposed from two members from the union, twomembers of the association, and a fifth chosen bythese four.

Said examining board shall determine the quali­fication and rating of applicants, and give to suc­cessful applicants a card indicating their qualiflca­tiou and rating.

All members of the unions at present in goodstanding shall pass said examining board withinsix months from date.

Said examining board to have six such examina­tions during the next six months.

After six months from this date there shall be anexamination upon the first Monday of January,April, July and October.

Each member of said board shall receive $10 foreach such examination.

Neither party hereto shall do any act discrimin­ating in any way against any member or applicantto either body, due to any action in the past.

This agreement shall go into effect I!'ebruary 1,1893.

Signed by E. S. Keefer, President, and CharlesS. Eidlitz for the Electrical Contractors' Associa­tion, and by Johu P. McMahon, President, andLester C. Hamlin, Secretary, for Local No.3, NB. E. W. of A.

LOCAL UNION NO.8; CHICAGO.Special Correspondence, Jan. IS.

Construction work is almost at a standstill in thiscity at present, owing to the prolonged coldweather.

The Westinghouse Company and the World'sFair Construction Company are working a smallforce at the Fair bnildings.

There will be over 100,000 incandescent lights inthe buildings.

The Cornish, The McFell, the Orne and the Edi­son Electric Companies do nearly all of the con­struction work in this city.

The Edison Company has been riding a highhorse since it won the lamp patent suit, and hasstarted to close all rival lamp factories. Incidentallythe price of lamps has been raised over 100 percent.

Here is where the workingmen suffer. Thelarge companies combill.e and form a trust, andfreeze out the smaller concerns. The next move isto raise the price on all supplies and material. Thenthe construction men mnst either raise their pricesfor work or lower the wages of the men employed,and they generally take the latter course.

No. 9 is now in splendid condition. The newofficers are able lLnd energetic, and are determinedto make No. 9 the banner Local of the Brother-hood. S. T. B.

Spedal Correspollence.

Meetinl! called to order by President McDonald.Minutes of last meeting read and approved. Treas­urer Schaffer's report for the year ending Decem­ber 27th referred to trustees. Bro. W. C. Bledsoemade a report of the receipts and expenses of theball, and turned over the net profits, which were

. considerable, to the sick fund. Communications

J. T. IC

Meets every Taesday evell,ing at B. P. and D. ofA. Hall, 305~ Olive street. Dan L'lfferty, Presi­dent; M. A. Walsh, Secretary, 315 Chestnut street.

Local Union, 5221, A. F. of L., was one of thepioneer elcctrical unions of the United States.Started by twelve determiued members, its mem­bership soon increased to 200, and it was the firstunion to make a stand for eight hours and livingwages, both of which it accomplished. But themembers of the St. Louis union were not selfish.They wanted othcrs to enjoy the same benefits, andearly started to organize other cities with a viewto forming a National organization of all electricalworkers, and how well they succeeded can bejudged from the fact that to-day we have a NationalBrotherhood, with locals in all the principal cities.The members of Local Union No.1 can justlyfeel proud of what they have done, aud will in thefuture, as they have - in the past, continue to beleaders in the field of organized labor.

ST. LOUIS UNION· No. 1. NATIONALBROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRI­

CAL WORKERS.

LOCAL UNION NO.3, NEW YORK.Special Correspondence, N. Y. Jan. 20.

Local Union No.3, of this city, held a meetingin Clarendon Hall last night, and formally with­drew from the Central Labor Union, BnildingTrade Section and the Board of Walking Dele­gates.

The contract with the Electrical Contractors'Association for one year, which promises to doaway with all strikes in this trade, and insures itsthorough organization, was indorsed.

The agreement which was signed yesterday is inpart as follows:

That this agreement shall continue in effect forone year, and that if any refusal to renew theagreement for the next year, or .any change oneither side affecting this agreement is contem­plated by· either party hereto, such party shall givethe other party six months' written notice, con­taining detailed information in relation to refusalor change.

Nine hours shall constitute a day's work, except­ing that eight hours shall be a day's work on Sat­urday.

All overtime beyond nine hours per day shall bepaid for at the rate of time-and-one-half, exceptthat upon Sundays and legal holidays double timeshall be paid.

The legal holidays, for the purposes of thisagreement, shall be Christmas day, New Year' day,Washington's Birthday, Decoration day, Fourth ofJuly, Thanksgiving day, Labor day, and Electionday.

That the minimum rate of wages for journey­men wiremen shall be $3 per day.

That wages shall be paid at· least every twoweeks.

From the date of this agreement members of theunion shall work only for members of the Electri­cal Contractors' Association, and that memhers ofthe association shall employ only union men, pro­vided, however, that nothing herein shall be con­strued as applying to affect the employment oflabor as it exists at the time of this agreement.

This agreement shall apply only within a dis­tance of twenty-five miles from City Hall, NewYork City.

No member of the association shall at any timehave in its employ more helpers than journeymenwiremen.

In case of any claim for breach of contract oneither side, such claim shall be presented to toeother party in writing and the question whether abreach of contract has been committed shall beimmediately submitted to arbitration, each party

CORRESPONDENCE.

/-.-.....

January.] . THE ELE'CTRICAL WORKER. 11

S. R. WILCOX, Press Sec'y.

,. ~

. ;'-,'

LOCAL UNION No. 34, OF BUOOKLYN.January 8, 1893.

A. happy and p,'ospel'ous New Yea" to the Elect,icalWo,'km's' Jottl'nal.

J. T. KELLY, ESQ., Editor:It gives me great pleasure in writing for the

journal, although hardly knowing what to say.Writing for a journal is somewhat new to me,never haVing had the opportunity before but willsay for the beneflt of our many readers, that LocalNo. 3t, of Brooklyn, is progressing very nicely andthe boys :lore determi~ed to make the same a modelorganization, not in numbers, but in spirit. 'Veare very enthusiastic and expect to do great thingsin the near future.

We held an election for officers last week and Iwas very much surprised that our worthy pastPresident, Bro. Simpson, was not re-elected.

However, our newly elected President, Bro. Hol­ihaw, may prove himself worthy of the honor con­ferred upon him.

I will say right here in my ppinion that a sixmonths' term in office is hardly long enongh, forthis reason: It takes almost that length of time tobecome thoroughly acquainted with the duties re­quired; and jnst as things begin to go smoothly atmeetings, then the officer, if not re-elected, willhave to give way to his successor, who will have ,tostart from the beginning again.

I would like. to hear from other Local$ on thissubject, and have them express their opinions onthe SUbject; though this jonrnal, and I believe amajority will coincide with me, that a year at leastis short enough time for the Presidents, Secretariesand Treasurers to hold.

Another thing I would like to say: that there are _as yet a great number of men who do not belongto our Order. Now snppose we all constitute our­selves a committee of one and interview thesemen, wherever .they are, ~and point out to themwhere it will benefit them, and that when once weare united all over the country, we will be one ofthe strongest Orders in existence, and next to im­possible for ns to fail in any of our attempts tobetter ourselves.

United we stand, but divided we-will not-fall.Hoping that at the next issue of the jo~rnal I

will be able to contribute more, i remain

Fraternally yours,

LOUIS W. DILLMAN,Press Secretary No. 34.

for the coming term: President, J. W. Fitzpatrick;Vice-President, J. A. Freney; Recording Secretary,H. B. Frazier; Financial Secretary, T. G. Flynn;Press Secretary, T. Dillon; Treasurer, J. Grant;Trustees, J. Wilie, P. Grant, P. King.

Grand PreSident, Henry Miller, was present, be­ing in attendance at the convention of the Federa­tion of Labor in this city. He made a short, fluentspeech, in which he referred to the wonderful pro­gress of the Brotherhood all over the country, andcongratUlated Local No. 28 for the great increasein its membership.

The chairman of the ball committee made such aglowing report that there is no doubt that the elec­trical ball will be one of the grandest of the sea"son.

Owing to considerable time being taken up in theelection of officers, the proposed amendments tothe constitution were laid over until the next meet­ing. There were 17 new members initiated.

JOHN A. FRENEY,1120 Ridge Ave., Philadelphia.

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FIVE THOUSAND copies of this issue of theELECTRICAL WORKER are now in the hands of thoseinterested in electricity, and will be read by at.least

. 15,000 people. Send for advertising rates~~dplace your advertisement where it will do the mo·stgood.

LOCAL UNION No. 27, OlP BALTIMOUE, MD.January 7, 1893.

Special Correspondence.

Trade in the monumental city is holding its ownso far this winter, and the chances are that themembers of No. 27 will have steady :work allwinter.

At our last meeting we had a lively time. Sev­eral applications were received and some new lightswere added to our circuit. The proposed amend­ments to our constitution submitted by the recentconvention were unanimously adopted. The com­mittee on amusement reported al'1'imgements aboutcompleted for our annual ball. It was decided tohold weekly instead of semi-monthly meetings inthe future.

LOCAL UNION No. 18, KANSAS CITY.January 9th, 1893.

Local Union No. 18 was organized March 16th,1892. There has been 125 admitted to the Union.But nine have been suspended for non-payment ofdnes. We have had a number of accidents andhave paid out about $175.00 in benefits. We have anattendance of about 35 at each meeting. Meetingsare held in Industrial Hall, S. W. corner 11th andMain streets, fonrth floor, every Friday night.Visiting brothers always welcome.

A. G. KNOWLTON, Press Sec.,609 E. Mo. Ave.

I,OCAL UNION No. 28 OF PHIL'ADELPHIA.At the regular meeting held on Tnesday evening,

December 20th, the following officers were elected

LOCAL UNION No. 26, OF WASHINGTON, D. C.The regular meeting of No. 26 was called to

order by President Deffer, Friday evening, January6th, assisted by V. P. Metze!. Roll call of officersshowed all present. Delegates to the Federationhad nothing to report. The following offic~rs wereinstalled by President Deffer: President, R. F.Metzel; Vice-PreSident, Albert Maw; RecordingSecretary, W. W. Gilbert; Financial Secretary,Wallace R. Seavey; Treasurer, H. D. Newman;Inspector, M. S. Beaton; Foreman, Geo. A. Ma­lone; Trustee, Jno. M. Berger; Press Secretary,W. W. Gilbert. A rising vote of thanks was ex­tended to Bro. Deffer for the able and efficientmanner in which the officers were installed.

There is a danger which threatens the life of ourUnion, and must be promptly nipped in the bud.It is wiremen accepting contracts for small jobswhich can be done by the wiremen after workinghours. Of conrse, a wireman with true principleof au honest man will not do so, but it is done toan alarming extent in this city. When a contrac­tor pays a wireman the Union scale of wages, thecontractor should, in justice, get all the small jobsas well as the large ones. Nine cases out of everyten, the wireman will work for the contractor dur­ingthe day, and steal enough material from himto do a small job, which will cost the consumerless than one-half of the amount bid by an honestand legal contractor.

If these small jobs were referred to the boss, in­stead of being privately accepted by the wireman,the wireman would have a better assurance ofsteady employment, the boss would have morecontracts on hand, and both parties would derivea beneflt from the Union.

If any members of the Union are caught doingwork on their own private contracts, they shouldbe expelled from the Union on the charge of beingcontractors and underminimg the wages of anhonest member. Non-union wiremen should bepromptly reported to their employes. This mayseem to some like an unprincipled action, but it isthe only way to do, that we may deal on the fairand by the square, so that the principles of jnsticemay fit to an exact nicety.

Fraternally yours,W. W. GILBERT.

decidedly unfavorable, about 350 couples were inatteudlUlce, and a very eujoyable time was had.A number of elegant prizes (donated by our busi­ness men) were awarded for waltzing. Net re­ceipts about $<i0. Great credit is due to the com­mittee of arrangements for their nntiring efforts inthe matter. They are Bros. King, Lyons, Shuart,Byrne, Miller, Kleiu, Horne, Elliott, Lane, Mc­Guire, Ellsworth and Shuttleworth. All·attendedstrictly to the duties assigned them, and successcrowned their efforts.

Oh December ~2d our new staff of officers wereelected as follows: President, William C. Shuart;Vice-Pl'esident, S. Kennard King; Recording Sec­retary, Isaac B. Millcr; Financial Secretary, Ed J.Lane; l!'oreml1n, Rubert Elliott; Inspector, DanEllsworth; Treasurer, Andrew P. Byrue; Trustee,William E. Dawson; Press Secretary, T. Shuttle­worth; Delegates to Trades Council, T. Shuttle­worth, S. K. King and F. A. Klein.

President Shuart is well fitted for this importantoffice. His six feet of stature and 200 pounds ofavoird upois do not render his figure as large as hisintellect, and his genial manner and open-hearted­ness make him a geueral favorite~amongthe mem­bers, as his sweeping majority over about half adozen nominees shows.

Vice-President King is an indefatigable workerin the cause, and has been instrumental in induc­ing several new members to come in. He will not,however, undertake any important undertaking onFriday, as he attributes half a dozen shipwrecksto that ill-fated day, while sailing on the ocean.

Recording Secretary Miller has little to say, bntalways attends strictly to duty. His eye is everopen to advance the interests of the Order.

Financial Secretary Lane, though of ratherdiminutive stature, is a "hustler." He has beenin nearly every country of the old world during hisfour years' service in our navy.

Foremau Elliott, or "Scotty," as he is familiarlycalled, is of genial manners and always ready to"crack a joke," though his ·motto is "businessbefore pleasnre."

Iuspector Ellsworth is a sly-going fellow, chockfull of zeal for our beloved Order, and does aslUuch to advance unionist interests as any of thebrethren.

Treasurer Byrne is a universal favorite amongthe ladies as well as his brethren, who have re­elected him as custodian of their funds. He flrmlybelieves in conducting business,according to Hoyleand any brother who is derelict in his duties issure of a "calling down" from onr handsometreasurer.

Trustee Dawson,like our Recording Secretary, israther Silent, though his weather eye is ever openfor anything calculated to benefit the N. B. of E.W., and L. U. No. 17 in particular. He is thevocalist of our party, though but few of the boyshave yet had the pleasure of hearing his rich bassvoice raised in melody.

J. T. Kinchsnlar, another trustee, is a faithfulaud conscentious worker both for the D. E. L. &P. Co. as well as for the Union, and will not per­mit of any unfair means being employed, prefer­ring rather to have all our doings open and aboveboard.

Trustee, Delegate aud Press Secretary Shuttle­worth is an ex-journalist. "VeIl, the boys all sayhe is a kicker from away back.

Delegate Klein is well known in the TradesCouncil, to which he has been re-elected. Hisloquacity and abbreviated stature, combined withhis generosity, render him a promiuent flO"ure in~ll our gatherings. He served an apprenticeshiplU our army, and was honorably discharged someyears ago.. Th~ City Council has received bids for the city

lightIng from the Detroit Electric Light and PowerCo., tl~e .Peni~sular, and a new company headed byElectncIan Fisher, fur a term commencing 'July1st next. Mayor Pingree, however, is of theopinion that the city should own and operate itsown plant, and believes many thousands of dollarscould be saved to the city each year by doing so.

REX.

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J

12

DIRECTORY OF' LOCAL UNIONS.

(Secretaries will please fnrnish the necessary informa­tion to make this directory complete. Note that the timeand place of meeting, the name of tlJe President, thenames and a,I,l1'ess of the Recording and Financial Secre­taryare reqnired.)

No.1, St. :r-,ouis; Mo.-Meets every Tuesdayevening at 305~ Olive st. D. Lafferty, Presi­dent; M. A. Walsh, Recording Secretary, 315Chestnut st; John Hisserick, Financial Secre­tary, 315 Chestnut st.

No.2, Milwaukee, Wis.-Meets 2nd and4th Wedn.esday at 244 N. Water st. W. Den­ning, President; F. W. Smith, Recording Secre­tary, 377 Fifth st; W. Tolbert, Financial Sec­retary, care of 377 Fifth street.

No.3, New York, N. Y.-Meets weekly atClarendon Hall, 114 E. Thirteenth st. John P.McMahon, President; I ...ester C. Hamlin, HecordingSecretary,642 E. Nineteenth· street; J~. D. Leay­craft, 283 Flatbush ave, Brooklyn, N. Y.

No.4, New Orleaus, La.-Meets 2nd and4th Weduesday at Odd ~'ellows' Hall. "Vm. Moake,President; J. C. Broclley, Hecording Secretary,Napoleon and Custom House sts.; J. J Vives,173 S. Basin st.

No.5, Nashville, Tenn.-A. H. Praugue,President; J. C. Bender, Hecording Secretary, 817N. Market st.; E. "V. Morrison, Financial Sec­retary, 73 Durham st.

No.6, Memphis, Tenn.-(No report fromnew officers.)

No.7, Springfield, ])lass.-W. J. Condon,President, American Hotel; J. F. Hoyt, HecordingSecretary, American Hotel; F. Hyatt, FinancialSecretary, American Hotel.

No.8, Toledo, O.-Meets every 2nd and 4thThursday at Mulcahy's Hall, cor. Monroe and Eriests. .James Carney, President; Michael Connors,Hecording Secretary, 213 Everett st.; T. H. Nevitt,Financial Secretary, 1007 Bartlett st.

No.9, Chica!!'o, TH.-Meets every Saturdayat Plasterers' Hall, 192 E. \Vashington st. G. W.E'Hson, President; Gus Saners, Hecordiug Secre­tary, 105 Dearborn ave. ; J. Capps, ~'inancial Secre­tary, 337 Michigan ave.

No. 10, Indianapolis, Ind.-Meets everyother Monday at 33~ S. Illinois st. Sam'l B.French, President; L. E. Jones, Recording Sec­retary,95 N. Meridian st.; C. W. Neal, FinancialSecretary, 199 W. Maryland st.

No. 11, Terre HautA, Iud.-Meets every2nd and 4th Tuesday at 'Washingtou Hall, cor.Eighth and Main ats. John Davis, President;Harry Bledsoe, Uecording Secretary; Wm. C.Bledsoe, Financial Secretary, 424 S. Thirteenth st.

No. 12, Evansville, Ind.-Meets everyTuesday evening at Hahn's Hall, High 6t. H.Wright, Presideut; Harry Fisher, Hecording Sec­retary, 202 Clark st.; L. E. Wilke, Financial Sec­retary, box 266.

No. 13, Cincinnati, O.-Meets every Mon­day at Germania Hall, Viue st. A. J. Eich, Presi­dent; T. 'V. Sullivan, Hecording Secretary, Priceave., Price Hill; C. S. Kuntz, Financial Secretary,64 Carlisle ave.

Nil. 14, Brid~eport,Conn.-E. S. Marsh,PreSident, 173 Fairfield ave.; Ed Fagan, Jr.,Hecording Secretary, 78 Gregory st.; Gus E.Ruther, Financial Secretary, 67 Madi <on ave.

No. 15, Worcester, Mass.-Chas. Cum­ming. Recording Secretary, 393 Maiu st.

No. 16, Cleveland, O.-lVfeets every Fridayat Halle Bro. Hall, 356 Ontario st. Geo. E. DOll-'

aId, President; M. McElIigotte, Hecording Secre­tary, 191 Hohenden ave.; Hugh Murrin, FinancialSecretary, 907 Wilson ave.

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.

No. 17, Detroit, Mich.-Meets every Mon­day at Hoffman's Hall, cor. Congress and Hanclolphsts. W. C. Shuart, President; 1. B. Miller,Recording Secretary, 71 Henry st.; E. J. Lane,~'ilJancial Secretary, 190 Humboldt ave.

No. 18, Kansas City, Mo.-Meets everyFriday at Forester Hall, sw. cor. Eleventh andMain sts. J. J. Jones, President; C. H. Adams,Hecording Secretary, 215 W. Fourteenth st.; J. C.Haupert, Finnacial Secretary, M. & K. Tele. Co.,Sixth and Delaware sts.

No. 19, Pittsbur~, Pa.-H. Hart, Presi­dent; W. J. Condon, 4 Mansion st.

No. 20, New Haven, Conn.-Wm. Welch,President; Thos. Brennan, Hecording Secretary,90 Carsile st.

No. 21, Wheeling,W. Va.-J. Allen,President, 36 Thirteenth st. ;H. T. Wyse, Hecord­ing Secretary, Hotel WHhelm; J. '1'. Bonnett,FIuancial Secretary, 262il Jacob st.

No. 22, Omaha, Nc--.b.-Meets at ArcaniumHall, UH4 Douglas st. E. L. Stringer, President;3419 Blut st.; F. B. Sabin, Recording Secretary,Neb. Tel. Co.; M. J. Cowgill, Financial Secre­tary, 1915 Farnam st.

No. 23, St. Paul. Minn.-Joe Macauley,President; Robert Kuowiton, Recording Secretary,Capital Blk., room 25; Chas. Carey, FinancialSecretary, 311 E. Thirteenth st.

No. 24, Minneapolis, ll'linn.-P. J. FIem­in~, President; E. Christman, Recording !olecre­tary, 574 Sixth ave. north; n. V. Sheldon, FinancialSecretary, 1718 Wash ave. N.

No. 25, Dulutb, Minn.-S. J. Kennedy,President; Phil Bellivere, Recording Secretary,Wieland Blk.; Thos. Bradley, Fiuancial Secretary,318 Eo Tbirdst.

No. 26, Washington, D. C.-Meets every~'riday at ---. R. F. Metzel, President, 509Eleventh st. Nw.; W. W. Gilbert, Recording Sec­retary, 941 Maryland ave. Sw.; W. R. Seavey,~'inancial Secretary, 1110 Kst. Ne.

No. 27, Baltimore, Md.-Meets ---.Fred Russell, President, 1408 Asquith st.; Wm.Manning, Hecording Secretary, 1026 N. Front st.;J. W. Ebaugh, Financial Secretary, 107 N. Gay st.

No. 28, Philadelphia, Pa.-Meets --.J. "V. Fitzpatrick, Presideut; H. B. Frazer, Hecord­ing Secretary, 1425 Vine st.; Thos . Flynn. ~'iuan­

cial Secretary, 1116 .Jackson st.No. 29. Wilmington, Dpl.-M. H. Han­

nigan, President; Elwood A. Taze'well, FinancialSecretary, 609 French st. .

No. 30, Trenton, N. J.-Wm. Walton,President; Ed. G. Sarides, Hecording Secretary j

Thos. Conury, Financial Secretary.No. 31, Jersey City, N. J.-1'hos. Watson,

President; Wm. Dooley, Recording Secretary,417 'V. Side ave.; John Speicher, Financial Sec­retary, 105 Newark ave.

No. 32, Paterson, N. J.-E..J. Clancey,President; Frank Areson, Recording Secretary,214 Godwin st.; T M. McAndrews, FinancialSecretary, 64 Railroad ave.

No. 33, Newarli:. N. J.-Heur.v R. Beck­meyer, President; J. B. Gove, Hecording'Secre­tary, 30 Colnmbia st.; John Stiff, Financial Secre­tary, 38 Elm st.

No. 34, Brookhll, N. Y.-T. J. Holihan,President; H. White, Recording Secretary; I.... W.Dilhuan, ~'inancialSecretary, Pt. Richmond sta.

No. 35, Boston, Mass.-Wm. M. Lannan,President; T. M. Gimes, Hecording Secretary,897 Washington st.; T. R. Melville, ~'iuancialSecretary, 9ii Pearl st., Charlestown, Mass.

No. 36, New YOl.·k N. Y.-J. E. McGinty,President; L. L. Hall, Recording Secretary,]17Leonard st.; John J. McDounell, Financial Sec­retary, 1632 Madison ave.

No. 37, Hartford, Conn.-Morris Cava­nag-b, President; Chas. Wilund, Recording Secre­tary, 146 Main st.; Geo. Dugan, Financial Secre­tary, Elec. Light & Power Co.

No. 38, Albany, N. Y.-Meets the 1st and3rd Thursday of each month. W. McNamara,President; John M. 'Viltse, Hecording Secretary,22 Third st.. E. Albany; Owen Dooney, FinancialSecretary, 4 Hensaella st., Troy.

No. 39, Grand Raj)ids, Micll.-J. B.''Vatsun. President; 1.... 1.... Henry, Hecording Sec­retary, !J7 Oltawa st.; Geo. Dierdorf, FinancialSecretary, 723 Fifth ave.

No. 40, St. Josepb, Mo.-Meets everySatnrdayat Weidmeier & Wild burger's Hall, 623Messanie st.; M. L. Durkin, President; MartinKeran, Recording Secretary, 220 N. Thirteenthst.; Wm. Dorsel, Financial Secretary, 1708 Cal­houn st.

[January.

No. 41, Chicago, IH.-Meets everyWednes­day at 116 ~'ifth ave. C. J. Edstrands, President;Chas. Osberg,' Recording Secretary, 234 Townsendst.; Wm. Meecham, Financial Secretary, Craw­ford, Cook Co.

No. 42, Uitca, N. Y.-W. B. McCoy, Presi­dent; C. E. Allen, Recording Secretary, 7 Springst.; G. P. Owens, Financial Secretary, cor. Per­kins ave. and .Jewett st.

No. 43, Syracnse, N. Y.-Jas. Tyrell, Presi­dent; A. D. Donovan, Recording Secretary, 305Temple st.;. Chas. Beattie, Financial Secretary,217 N. Crouse ave.

No. 44, Rochester, N.Y.-John Cox, Presi­dent; H. 'V. Sherman, Recording Secretary, 47Gleuwood Park; M. Galitzdorfer, Fiuancial Secre­tary.

No. 45, nuffalo, N. Y.-E. Calvin, Presi­dent; ~'. Hopkius, Recording Secretary, 77 Swanst.;T . V. Thompson, Fi.uancial Secretary, 139 N.Division st.

GENERAL NEWS.

Where Electrical Workers May Look forWork.

nrooklyn, N. Y.-The Coney Island & Brook­lyn Hail road Co., will increase its capital to $1,­000,000 and change its eqUipment to an electricsystem.

Wasbington, D. C.-The Glen Echo Hailwayextends its lines.

Waverly, N. _Y.-The Athens, Waverly andLayre Electric Hailway Co. will build a road con­necting the three towns.

Rochester, N. Y.-The Citizens' Light &Power Co. have commenced work on its newpower plant on Brown's race. The plant will beready for operation about April 1st.

Mc]Uinnville, Tenu.-The Tennessee Wool­len Mills intend to put in an incandescent electriclight plant.

Greene, N. Y.-The Greene Electric Light Co.has been awarded the contract to ligh t the streetswith incandescent lamps.

Omaha, Nf'.b.-The Omaha Packing Co. willput in a 400-light incandescent plant.

St. Louis, Mo.-Contracts are let for the Clay­ton and Forest Park Electric road. It will be about6 miles long.

Vicksburg, Miss.-The Vicksburg ElectricTransit & Light Co. propose building about 5 milesof road.

Jamestown, N. Y.-A $15,000 addition wilbe made to the city electric light plant to providefor the new lights required to light the city.

Boston, Mass.-Deer Island, one of the cityinstitutions, contemplates putting in an electriclight plant.

San Francisco, Cal.-The ConsolidatedPiedmont Cable Co. propose to substitute electricpower on its line to the Mountain View Cemetery.

Bnffalo, N. Y.-The proposed electric roadbetween this city and Niagara Falls, will probablybe started before long.

St. Charles, III.-The Mllllicipal Plant pro­poses to put in a 1000-lightallernating dynamo.

Little Rock, Ark.-The Edison Co. will addtwo new dynamos to their plant. The MunicipalArc I ...ight plant will also be increased and changedfrom a low to a high-tension system.

Beatrice, Neb.-The Beatrice Rapid Transit& Power Co. is· rebuilding its station, recentlyburned.

Indianapolis, Ind.-The Indianapolis Light& Power Co.'s new plant will be in operation aboutMar. 1st. They also propose to put in a large in­candescent plant.

Philadelphia, Pa.-The Columbia ElectricLight Co. will increase its plant.

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January.] THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. 13

Boston. Mass.-The Brookline Gas & LightCo. intend to install an alternating electric system.

Sunbury, Pa.-The Edison Co. will doublethe capacity of its plant.

Cl.,veland, Obio.-The Universal ElectricCo. intend to e8tablish a lighting plant.

Madison, Wis.-The Four Lake Light &Power Co. is building an electric light station.

Syracuse, N. Y.-The contracts for the Onon­daga Electric Co.'s new plant are let. The workmust be finished May 1st.

Middleton, Pa.-The Municipal ElectricLight plant will add a 50-light arc dynamo and a1000-light alternating incandescent dyuamo to its'plant.

St. Louis, Mo.-Work has been started onthe Dehpar Ave. & Clayton Electric road. Thisroad will extend to the centre of St. Louis Co.

The Baden & St. Louis Hailway Co. will changeto an electric system and commence work imme­diately.

TAKE NOTICE.

Officers of Local Unions should carefully readthe following rules before writing for informa­tion: '

1. Give notice at once when a change occurs inSecretary's address, -or when a vacancy hasbeen filled by the election of a new officer.

2. Consult the_ financial report in the WORKERevery month, and if incorrect, report at once.

3. Arrange to receive any mail that may be en.1'oute to old addresses of officers, when changeoccurs.

4. In reporting the election of new officers, usethe-regular blank furnished for that purpose,and write plainly the name and addl'ess of eachoffice,r.

5. The monthly report of the financial secretarymust accompany the dues sent.

6. Never fill out a report of any kind until firstmaking it out on waste paper, then copy it onthe regular report blank. This obviates alter­ations and scratching.

7. Always put name and adclress on reports aDd_letters.

8. Send in name, number of card, age, and dateof admission of each new member, as he willnot be entitled:to benefits until his name is en­rolled on the books at the general office.

9. Report promptly the suspension or expulsionof members; also traveling cards taken out.

10. When sending money always state what theamount is for; do not leave it for the G.S.-T. toguess at.

11. All orders for supplies should be accompaniedwith the requisite amount of money.

12. Never send money in a letter. All remittancesshould be forwarded by post-office money or­der, express money order or bank draft.

13. Unions indebted for over two months' duesare non-beneficial (see Art. XV, Sec. 5). All­members are interested in this matter andshould look after it closely.

14. On the expiration of a traveling card the mem­ber holding said card should pay one month'sdues and receive a dnecard and be enrolled asa member of the Union, the same as as a newmember.

15. All Local Treasnrers should be nnder bond andthe same filed with the G. S.-T.

16. All receipts and correspondence from'the gen­eral office should be read at the meetings.

17. Read the constitution carefully and consult iton all matters that arise for consideration.

18. Make out all reports with ink and use the reg­ular report blanks and letter paper furnishedfor that purpose. '

19.When admitting or reinstating members thestrictest inquiry as to health must be ob­served. If the member is married the wife's

health must also be.noted.

20. Claims for benefit must be filled out in everyparticular, and the law in regard to their pre­sentation rigidly complied with.

22. No claims will be allowed unless the memberis, square on the books. Our beneficial sys­tem would cease to be an incentive for promptpayment of clues were this law not enforced.

22. Remittance of dues is not allowed under ourConstitution. The amount of the dues mustbe deducted from the sick benefit paid by theLocal. A member eutitled to benefits can notget in arrears while receiving benefitt. Mem­bers, by contribution, can keep the dues of asick or unfortunate brother, not entitled tobenefits, paid up.

23. Salaried officers must pay their dues and carrydue cards. When salaries are due they mustpresent their bill, and its, payment passed onthe same as any other bill presented to theUnion.

2t Newly-elected officers must procure all blanks,documents, etc., from their predecessors.

25. Unions should never assume to pay the fnneralexpenses of deceased members ,until first as-sured that the chtim is allowable. '

26. Preserve old due cards. They may be usefulfor reference in case of dispute over dues,,etc.

27. Members should always when attending meet­ings of the Union have with them their Con­stitution aud By-J~aws; also their due carel.

28. Parties making statements in reference torecreant members will be held responsiblefor statements sent in for pnblication.

29. Matter for the ELECTRICALWOUlom mustreach the general office by the lOth of eachmonth.

As we are about to open a new roll book we re­quest all Secretaries to fnrnish us 'soon as possi­ble a complete roll of their members siuce theirUnion was organized. Some of the Unions witha membership of 100 to 200, accordiug to theFinancial Secretary's report, have less thantwenty entered on the books at the general office,and none outside of those twenty would be en­titled to death benefits.

Send in the name of every member initiated sincethe Union was organized, even though long sincesuspended or expelled. This is neceSSary, as wemust have a correct record of every member whoever belonged to the Brotherhood.

There has probably never been auy inventionthat the electrical wurld can boast of so loudly, orthat is such a wonder to the entire thinking worldas the search light. "It might seem ridiculous tothose who do not understand it when you tell themthat the candle power of a con pIe of the ordinarysearch lights goes up into the millions, and in somecases the tens of millions. Yet this statement isfully borne out by the facts. Of course, the lampdoes not give such an enormous candle powerwhen it is measured in itself. Bnt take the searchlight as it is used with the great magnificent lens,which contracts all the light and throws it in asingle direction, aud the intensity of the light is sogreat that it is quite Impossible to compnte it. Forinstance, the candle power of the big search lightto be used at ~he World's Fail' il:! 150,000 alone, thecarbons are to be 12 inches long anel1 3-16 inchesin diameter. When this is sll1Tounded by that re­flector, 4 feet iu diameter, the candle power atonce mounts up to 460,000 c<lndles.

INVENTOJ~ P. KI~NNEDY'S new storage-batterymotor proved to be a success in a most difficultstreet railway test In New York recently, makingtwenty miles an hour at a cost of nine cents a carper mile.

CThe columns - of the.;.:~WonKER ar~always open for the discussion of any question inwhich -the interest of the electricat workers or theelectrical industry are at stake.

RECORD OF' ELECTRICAL PATENTS F'ROMJAN. 1ST TO DATE

489,464, J. H. Crosby; eleutro-steam valve attach­ment.

489,431, Ewest H..Jenkins, electric railway trolly.489,505, W. L. Silver, journal bearing for dyna­

mos.489,519, M. O. Anthouy, automatic coin actuated

feed and return mechauism for phonographs.489,522, W. C. Cahall, galvanic b:tttery.480,526, H. M. Doubleeby, electric lighting system.489,551, C. N. 'Vaite, electrical diaphragon fOl'

electl'Olytic cells.439,5'\3, G. Baehr, electrical switch.489,559, G. L. Foote, galvanic battery.489,563, D. E. Kimball, electric railway.4Sg,570,-!S9,571, C. E. Scribner, spring jack

switches.489,573, G. W. Von Siemells, conductor system for

electric railways.489,597, F. B. Badt, mUltiphase electric system.489,598, F. B. Badt, electric lighting for electric

street railways.489,603, J. L, Davidson, attachment for telephones.489,616, A. M. Sloss, electric gas light apparatus,489,625, S. G. Brinkman, electrically controlled

ventilator.489,629, W. F. Z.' Desant, railway signal.486,666,E. L. Wilson, sonnd recording instrument.489,658, L. McCarthy, strain insulator.489,658, C. H. Bryan, electric battery.489,677, J. Greenwood, production of chlorine and

caustic sod~.

489,687, Ott & Kennelly, controlling electric mo­tors.

489,709, Carl Hering, variable speed electric mo­tor.

489,736, J. F. Geary, railway signal.489,739, L. H. & L. N. Dalysson, socket switch for

incadescent lamp.489,76·1, Sheldon, MUl'llane & Van Beek, under-

ground electric railway.489,83~, W. R. Hend, galvanic battery.4R9,835,C. A. Stark,closed conduit electric railway.489,861, G. H. Bennett, blanket for electric light

wires.489,902, W. S. Hull, electric prison cell and gua,rd.489,913, F ..J. Agabeg,fan.489,91G, A. Baker, apparatns for preserving foods.48!l,938, J. H. Davis, electric battery.489,944, A. C. Goetz, electric railway switch.

, 489,983, W. B. Potter, electric cnt-off.489,990, C. E. Scribner, telephope.490,011, F. J. Dibble, electric motor.490,012, F. J. Dibble, electric telemeter trans­

mitte,r.490,013, F..J. Dibble, electric telemeter trans-

mitter.490,014, F. J. Dibble, telemeter system.490,034, T. E. Morford, electric heater.460,064, F. H. Brown, telegraphy and telephony.490,031, .T. F. McLaughlin, commutator brnsh and

holder.490,072, J. F. McLanghlin, electric heater.490,061, J. A. Nadeau, electric alarm lock. .490,178, Elihu Thompson, electric circuit breaker.490,183, C. 0_ C. Billberg, a c()mmutator brush.490,202, G. E. Hunter, testing watch balances and

hair springs.490,203, G. E. Hunter, method of testing watch

balances and hair springs.,4'90,231, N. M. Powell, electric battery.490,256, G. R. Meitzler, e~ectrically heated solder­

ing iron.

ELECTJUCAL PATENTS EXPIRING JAN. 11, 1893.

172,218, automatic electric fire alarm. W. B. Wat­kins; 172,219, ]72,220 and 172,221, fire alarmtelegraphs, W'. B. Watkins.

171,9[18, L.S . Crandall, telegmph key.

THE Edison Co. of St. Louis, must mean busi­ness. It recently increased its capital stock from$5,000 to $3,500,000. If it were not for the factthat it paid the Secretary of State $1,750 for theincrease, it would look like another blnff of theGeneral Electric Co.

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14

TRADE NOTE~.

Shultz Belting Co., of St. Louis and therest of the earth, are now busy manufacturing aneighty-inch belt, which when completed will be thelargest in the world. The statistical fiend hasworked out the problem and avers that the ShultzBelting Co. have actually, during their longbusiness ·career, manufactured enough belting toconnect the earth and moon, so that their trade-markis something more than a myth.·

The Laclede Power Co. report the sale ofsome large C. & C. motors. C. & C. motors fur­nished by this company are now doiug all kinds ofwork in this city, such as running printing presses,elevators, etc.

Western Electric Supply Co. report asplendid past year's trade, and the increase inspace a~d doubling of forces,and the continuousincoming and outgoing of immense quantities ofsupplies of all kinds, show an ever increasingvolume of business. Anything manufactured forthe electrical trade can be found at the Westel'llSupply Co.'s place at 619 Locust street.

The Municipal Electric Light & PowerCo., with the largest central station in the world,thoroughly equipped wHh the most approved arcand incandescent machine, can always be relied onto furnish their patrons with the best light in themarket.

Van Nort Bros. bave just opened up largequarters at 718 Market street, and are rushed withwork, both iu the construction aud supply depart­ments.

Acme Oil Filter, 730 N. Main.-Over500 sold in less than eighteen months makes avery good showing. Under the able managementof Mr. Flower the 1000 mark is plainly visible inthe near future. His liberal offer to send one ona thirty days' trial shows his faith in the superi­ority of the Acme Oil Filter. Send for a cata­·logue.

SUBSCRIBE

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER.

Home NoveltyCo. of Tenth and Walnuthave an electrical curiosity shop; an _undergroundelectric road, a horizontal arc light and an entirelynew electric pen are a few of the electrical novel­ties manufactured by the Home Novelty Co.

Interstate Complete Electric Construc­tion Co., occupying Heisler's old factory, 809­817 S. Seventh street, are very busy filling townand country orders, and are fully equipped toestimate and complete large or small contracts.

A. M. Morse & Co. of 520 Olive havean extensive experience iu designing and buildingpower plants for electric light stations, electricrail ways and various manufacturing establish­ments, and have built many of the central lightingand power stations in prominent cities of Missouri,Illinois, Kansas and Texas. They can also referto many islocated plants in St. Louis andKansas City. They solicit correspondence andwill mail catalogue and complete lists of the Buck­eye engine on application.

Rose Electric Light Supply Co., 1106Pine, carry an immense stock of new and second­hand supplies of all kinds, and have had a verybusy year, with good prospects of doubling theirbusiness this year. Send for their catalogue.

Crandall Packing Co., 520 N. Thirdhave only lately introduced their patent packingto the Western public, but can already refer tosome of the largest plants in and out of town.Send for descriptive catalogue and sample.

Werner Engraving Co., 24 and 26 S.Third, are wood, photographic and half-tone en·gravers, and several speciIJiwns of their work canbe found on other pages of this paper.

Fred Dresel, 301 Market, general en­graver and die-sinker, is closing up last year's

. business with a comfortable balance at)lis banker's;He is one of tht! pioneers of his trade in this city.

W. H. Haskell, 713 Olive, engraver andjeweler, is a spechilist in the manufacture of em­blematic buttons, pius, charms and badges, andhas probably furnished more orignal designs forthe use of secret societies, lodges, unions, etc.,than any other man in the West.

@ OP'L:& Wi.

FO~ TttS IiIIZ...

[January.

E. Spangenberg, 314 N. Third, hasa very successful engineering school, which is_opendaily from 9 A. M. to 10 P. M., excepting Sundaynights. His classes are well filled and his pupilsare practical engineers when through their course,and find no trouble in getting situations as such.

H. Remmers & Son, 1108 and 1110St. Charles, are pioneer pattern and model­makers, and do most of the work for all the largeelectrical supply houses. They are also I!pecialistsin making models for new inventions.

Higdon, Higdon & Longan, patent law­yers, report a large increase of electrical patentsand claim the wild and wooly Westerners are out­doing the.effete Easterners in valuable inventions.

Hurst Air·Space Covering Co., 719 N.Main, have a new thing and a good thing, whichthey are successfully introducing to the trade.

Knight Bros., Se. Cor. Broadway andOlive, are very successful patent lawyers, andhave. secured many valuable patents and trade­marks for their customers. They report thatelectrical patents are booming.

StaglElectric Engineering Co. havedone a larger business than ever during the past·year. They recently finished the electrical work onthe palathll residence of Adolphus Bush, and arenow wiring the new Columbia Building. Theyhave contracts enough on hand to keep a largeforce of men bUSy for some time.

We are indebted to R. F. Harding, patentlawyer, of Washington, D. C., for our very com­plete list of electrical patents, which mos.t ofour readers will doubtless peruse with profit tothemselves.

Fowler ...'ft:, Fowler, patent lawyers, arebandling some very fine electrical patents, ,some ofwhich will surprise electricians, and will net thou­sands of dollars to the inventors ..

To those interested in electricity: - Subscribe tothe ELECTHICAL WORKEn-one dollar per year inadvance.

Send in your subscription to the ELECTlUCALWo!UmR-one dollar per year in advance.

.......f ELECTRJCJ\L @ WOft~ERIIr~'""::?i i-

! .-

National

OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE

Brotherhood of Electrical Workers.

The only electrical paper published in St. Louis. Contains the latest news of patents granted or run out, new plants and corporations,with original articles and latest items of interest to all persons interested in electricity.

=====ONE DOLLHR PER VEHR IN HDUHNCE.,=====

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER,904 Olive Street, St. Louis, Mo.

- '-._-. ~._-_....._--.-.-.----- _.•.. _..

[January. ,THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. 15

AD\7ERTISE s-IN THE

Electrical WorkerThe official organ of the National Brotherhood of

Electrical Workers. It goes direct to the men thatdo the work and recommend or order the supplies.

The Electrical Worker,

904 OLIVE STREET, ~-8T. LOljIS, MO.

lr'

(

Electric Hand Lamps.

The manufacture of electric hand lampsmust now be numbered among modern elec­trical industries. Many improvements havebeen lately made in the construction of theseportable and convenient lights. A smallstorage battery is used, the active material/ofwhich is lithanode, a substance which islikely to be largely used for such purposes.Electric hand lamps are not only used bytravelers for reading in railway cars, butthey are employed for medical, dental andphotographic purposes, as an illuminant ingunpowder mills and stores, in coal mines,petroleum ships and stores, in gas and chem­ical works and anywhere that the use of agood and perfectly safe light is absolutelynecessary. One special form is made with afive-cell battery, and is much in request bylecturers, photographers and others who de­sire to project the light on a paper or otherobject and at the same time to shield theirown· eyes. Another form is a special"pocket" battery of the two-cell type. Thishandy little lamp WIll give a good light for aperiod of four hours with one charge, and isso light and compact that it will go com­fortably into the coat pocket, and can beturned on at a moment's notice. Theselamps, made in various grades of strength,according to the purposes for which they areintended, are now being used by policemenand tram-car conductors and for many otherpurposes in which a portable lamp is neces­sary.

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Electric train-lighting apparatus is beingintroduced on the I';J"orthern Railway ofFrance, six, eight or ten candle-power lampsbeing used according to the class of the com­partments. Each car carries its own inde­pendent battery of sixteen storage cells in­closed in sets of two in small wooden boxes,

four of which are attached to the longitudi­nal frames of the car in'such a manner as tobe readily accessible. Commutators andswitches placed outside the car enable allthe necessary connections to be made easily.The lamps are supplied with bright, white­enameled reflectors, fitting into the ordi­nary oil-lamp globes, with covers so ar­ranged that oil lamps may be substituted forthe tlectric lights if desired. A numher ofthese coaches are now running on the ex­press trains between Paris and Lille, and itwill be interesting to watch their history andcompare their practical working with thesystem outlined last week, now in use onsome of our American railway cars. TheFrench road has been experimenting abouttwo years with these lights already, and asomewhat similar use of storage batterieshas been made on one of the Swiss roads formore than a year past.---,_....~...----

Horse Power.The term "horse power," as applied to a

boiler, is not an ideal one, by any means. Itcan be applied to the engine, for the enginedoes work, and horse power there signifiessomething definite. But a boiler only pro­duces steam, and how much powerthatsteamcan give out will depend upon the enginein which the steam is to be used. For thisreason, using the American Society of theMechanical Engineers' standard of horsepower for the boiler (or the evaporation of34~ pounds of water from al1d at 212 0 perhorse power), a battery of boilers of 300horse power would supply steam for 600horse power in a compound engine, and but300 horse power in a siinple engine. Thatis why the term horse power, applied to aboiler, signifies so little except the engine isknown, too j but, by using the standard, justwhat the boiler can do is plain enough.­Boston Journal of Commerce.

Photographing Lightning.

Many theories have been advanced as tothe nature of the actual motion'made by thelightning flash, and it has devolved on pho­tography to afford the most valuable testi­mony yet secured as to the oscillatory charac­ter of this form of electricity. Some picturesof e!,ceptional merit in this respect weretaken by W. N. Jennings, by camera, from aa rapidly moving train on the prairies ofNorth Dakota at midnight in the month ofAugust. The first and second, taken broad­side from a car window, showed single anddouble discharges, and telegraph poles intriple outline. The third, taken from therear platform of the train, showed a singledischarge with buildings in quadruple outline.The fourth showed a wonderful discharge inthe form of a broad hand, which was called"sash" lightning. All the photographs wentto prove that lightning has an oscillatory mo-

, tion.

An electric phaetfln of one ton burden isbeing constructed at Indianapolis, I,nd., forthe use of the World's Fair. The vehicle isunique in design and very graceful in out­line, and despite its immense weight itsadjustment is so perfect that a'child candraw it on a level surface. The phaeton isintended to carry' two passengers on thefront seat, while the motor man, seated onthe "rumble" and guiding the machine with,<me hand, regulates the power furnished bya battery of three cells secreted beneath thefront seat and conveyed to a one-half horse­power motor, which is also "out of sight"under the seat. It is calculated that thiselectric vehicle will maintain a speed of threemiles an hour, and if it proves successfulothers on a larger scale will be built.-Car­riage Journal. t·

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16 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. [January.

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ST. LOUIS, Mo.PATENT AND TRADE·MARK LAWYERS,

Patents Obtained.Trade·Marks Registered.

E. SPANGENBERG'S

~neerinDchool314 N. Tt)ird St., St. LoUis. Mo.

Open daily from B-12 a. 111.,2-5 and 7-10 ". m.except 'Sunday nighls.

All bunchea 01 Engi.eering attended ~o and tngbt.

Higdon & Higdon & Longan,

STEAM USERS.HURST'S AIR SPACE COVERING

719 N. MAIN !>TREET.

Strong, eJfeclive, fireproof and dnr:oble. Theonl)" absolutely perfect covering.

HURST AIR SPACE COVERING CO.,

1108 AND 1110 ST. CHARLES ST.,

TELKPHONE 1023. ST. LOUIS, MO.

AT2'ORNB):S-A T-LA IV,

Patentc;o ohtaine(l nlltl Ura\\'ings mallefor COlllplex )i~lcclrical IIl\'cntions.

ST. LOUIS: Rooms 215·216·217 Odd Fellows Bldg.WA8HINGTO ': Room 48, l'acific lluilding,

OpposiLe Patent Ollice.

H. REMMERS & SON,Stove, Machine and Architectural

PATTERN AND MODEL WORKS,

Telephone 3938.

CABLES

IN

REWINDINC DYNAMOS ANDMOTORS A SPECIALTY.

AGF.NTS FOR

Kester's J)ynalllos and Motors

Electric Bells, AnnunciatorsSpeaking Tubes.

A l",.yr S""'1>(?! of 7'e,0 111tclSecoud-J./tllIll .JtlO'O"l~ j"o,' Nole.

I Ell ECTRICAI.t ENGINEERING #'

CONSTRUCTION WOR\{.

Bookbinders' Dies aSpecialty.:BUJ3J3ER ST.A.J>4: P6.

T~ADE L"At:! k'.

NORT BROS.Electricians and

Contractors

WIRES

718 MARKET STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO.

MANUfACTURERS AND DEALERS IN

.... SEALS, MEDALS, BADGES, FINE STEEL

STAMPS. BAR CHECKS. DOOR

PLATES, DIES FOR EMBOSSING FOR

TIN. LEATHER AND PAPER.

BUXTON & SKINNERSTATIONERY CO.

STATIONERS,LITHOGRAPHERS,

PRINTERS,Blank Book Manufacturers

215-217-219-221 Chestnut Street.

GEN'L AGT'S CALIGRAPH WRITING MACHINES.

SOUTI-IERN ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.

Telegraph, Telephone, Electric Light,AND GENERAL ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES.

.. North Seventh St. ST. LOUIS.

AND

-FOR-

STEAM,

WATER,

h with..

.0 withno

AMMONIA

H,,1I\Vest'u Ele. U with U

U.::l.J C.l~"eJ·

GOLD. SILVER lie BRONZE.

ARC DYNAMOS.5 9!-( amp. 3!) light, WaterhOUBe dY8. a.nd re~'llr.1 9M .. 10 •• " ...."

~ ~~ :: f~ :: Van :!?\epocl :: n~~1 18 .. 8 ..1 18 .~ 6 \.1 9~ H 10 •• Excelsior1 9~ u 8 uI 9)i' H 30 •• Blush1 9'" H 5 H

1 91l " 25 "1 9", •• 40 II

2 18 •• 20 • I

1 18 II 30 II

2 18 o. 16 ••I 9~ II 20 .1 American1 9M " 50 ..

J I~U :: ~ :: - Sl~~rry

ARC LAMPS.200 9l( amp. olnl'le W"terhouse lampo.

(iT 9" II double H h

15 6~ I. slugle Brush •• No 16.69 9M" .... No. 10.43 9Jt •• No. 16.91 18 H double Jenney80 93' H U BI'I18h No. 11.50 18 U slnsrle Jenney.foS 18 U single \Vestern Ele. 't

200 18 douhle Van Depoel~~ 19~ :: 61~!tle Excel'~lor5 9", U double U

20 9~ I. single Hall40 18 .. Sperry35 9'" U slnp:le American60 9l' ~I double Amer:can

INCANDESCENT. ETC.] 2,300 volt 500 light U. S. alternator with conv'l re.i l~ :: ~gg :: ~~T~l~bfl~t~dal~~O :: rlle~.stat.1 96 ~ ~ 4.W H Hruc,h U H H

] 96 ~ ~ 300 ~~ ~.

2 4, amp.300 H Heisler H reg'latrs.2 ,,~~ 600 u U ~~ rheostat..1 110 H ~ U Royal U

1 9~ ~~ two horse power Baxter.1 9* ~ ~ One-(lluLrter horse power C. & C.

OTICE.-COT TillS LIST OUT Fon FOTon",REFEHEN(;K. \Ve do not sell d}'namos on com­mission or option. but. bUy outright. ant1 all tileabove AppfLratus can he seen at our warerooms,ST. LOUIS. t\IO. All tt.pplLrallls overhauicli audtested before shipment.

Cran~all's Patent Packin[s

We hold the only patentson cold lubrication, and ourgoods are guaranteed for allplaces where packing is used.

CRANDALL PACKING CO.

Send for Descriptive Catalogne and Samples.

~ose E1ecttti<~ I1ight Supply CO.ST. LOUIS, Mo.

Room 232. EleeLri",1 t:xoh.nge Iluilding. ~ew Yor~.

FOR SALE.

W. H. HASKELL,Engraver and Jeweler,

MAIN OFFICE8 AND WOnKS:

NEW YOIlI-13G Llborty St. PALIUllA, N. Y.

CHICAGO-51 S. Canal St. sr. LOUIS. 1010.- 520 N. 3d st.

Emblem Buttons,Pins and Charm!,

PRESE TATION MEDALS

B"DGES OF EVERYIi DESCRIPTION.

713 Olive Street, ST. LOUIS.

A. C. FOWLER, WILLIS FOWLER.Formerly Examiner Elect"ic:>l

Division, U. S. Patent Office.

.... Elect,t'ical I,,;vcutio'lls a Specildty.

FOWLER & FOWLER,Patents and Pat.ent Causes,

BANK OF COM~IERCE BLDG.,

421 Olive Street, ST. LOUIS.

17

.:J . .r<.ICAL. W 0 .L-

. I

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THE Edison Co. of St. Lonis, must rness. It recently increased its capital$5,000 to $3,500,000. If it were IV

that it paid the Secretary of 8'increase, it would look likeGeneral Electric Co.

ELECTRICAL PATENTS EXPIRING JA~. 11, 1893.

172,218, automatic electric fire alarm. W. B. Wat­kins; 172,219, 172,220 and 172,221, fire alarmtelegraphs, W. B. Watkins.

171,9!J8, L.S . Crandall, telegraph key.

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INVENTOR P. KKNNEDY'S new storage-batterymotor pl'bved to be a success in a mo:;t difficultstreet railway test in New York recently, makingtwenty miles au honr at a cost of nine cents a carper mile.

The columns of the ELECTRICAL WORKER arealways open for the discussion of any question inwhich the interest of the electrical workers or theelectrical industry are at stake.

There has probably never beel] any inveutiontllat the electrical wurld can boast of so loudly, orthat is such a "'onder to the entire thinking worlda~ the search light. "It might seem ridiculous tothose who do not uuderstand it when you tell themthat the candle power of.a couple of the ordinarysearch lights goes up into the millions, and in somecases the tens of millions. Yet this statement isfnlly bome out by the facts. Of course, the lampdoes not give such nn euormous caudle powerwhen it is measured in itself. But take the searchlight as it is used with the great magnificent lens,which coutracts all the light and throws it in 'a.sin:rle direction, and the illtellsily of the light is sogreat that it is quite impossible to compute it. Forinstance, the candle power of the big search lightto be used at the World's Fair i~ HiO,nOO alone, thecarbons are tu be 12 inches long and 1 3-16 inchesin diameter. Wilen this is surrounded by that re­flector, 4 feet in diameter, the candle power atouce mounts up to 460,000 cundles.

---.- --'-'--y. . .~

...)-2<J.Cll1ims for benefit must be filled,· out in every REC<?RD O,F ELECtR(CAL'P~TENTS FROM·particular, and the law in regard to theil' pre _. . JAN. 1ST TO D~TE. '.sentation rigidly complied with. 489,46,1" J. H. Crosby ,ele<:tro-s,t~am.JJl;l:-'Ve"'~attach·-"

22. No claims will be allowed unless the member ment... .." • .,..... .is square on the books. Our beneficial sys- 489,431, :Ernest H.•Terrkinsv~le·ctric railway trolly.tern would cease to be.an incentive for prompt 489,505, W. L. Silveri j~rnal bearing for dyua-paymeut of dues were this law not enforced. mos. /

22. Remittauee of dues is not allowed under our 489,519,!vI. O. AntJ;ony, autom·~tic coin actuatedfeed apd. rdulJi' mechauism for phonographs.

Constitution. The amount of the dues must 489,522, W'. C. q:~ball, gil.lvanic b:l.ttery.be deducted from the sick benefit paid by the I48:>,526, H.:M. oubleday, electric lightiug system.Local. A member entitled to benefits can not 489,551, C. ~. Waite, electrical diaphragou forget in arrears while receiving benefitt. Mem- electrol1tic cells.berd, by contribution, can keep the dues of a 43U,5>3, ~ Baehr, electrical switch.sick or unfortunate brothel', il0t entitled to 489,559,~. L. Foote, galvanic battery.benefits, paid up. 489,563, D. E. Kimball, electr'ic railway.

23. Salaried officers must pay their dues and carry 48;),570,-180,571, C. E. Scribner, spring jackdue cards. When salaries are due they must ~!witches. ..present their bill, and its payment passed on 489.:173, G: W. Von Sieme~s, conductor system forthe same as any other bill presented to tile electric railways.Union. 489,597, F. B. Badt, multiphase electric system.

21. Newly-elected officers must procure all blauks, 4;89,598, F. B. Badt, electric lighting for electric. / street rail ways.documents, etc., from theIr predecessors. ) ,

2- U . h Id h f I) 489,603, J. L Davidson, attachment for telephones.o. DlOUS S ou never assume to pay t e uuera , 6 6 M Sl It.' 0' l'O'ht -' ',.

f d b · fi' ..J 489, 1 , A. . oss, e eo. IlC ",as I" '~"us,expenses 0 eceased mem ers uutll 1st as- 96'>- S G n' kIt' II II d. . ' 48, ;'0, . . Dnn -mau, e eo. nca y "ntro esured that the claIm IS allowable. ventilator.

26. Preserve old due cards. They may be uS,eful 48U,629, VV. F. Z. Desant, railway signal.for reference in case of dispute over c!,ues, 486,666,E. L. Wilson, sounct recording instrument.etc. I 4~9,6,)8, L. McCarthy, strain ins'ulator. .

27. Members Rhould always when attending)meet- 489,658, C. 1-1. Bryan, electric battery.ings of the Union have with tllem tbiir Con- 489,677, J. Greenwood, production of chlorine andstitntion and By-Laws;_u,lso-their/jne carel. caustic sod<t.

28. Parties making sta~ements in reference to 489,G87, Ott & Kennelly, controlling electric mo-recreant member/;' will be held responsible tors.for statements seut in for publication. 489,709, Carl Hering, variable speed electric mo-

29. Matter for' the ELECTRICAL WORKIl:R must tor.reach the general office by the 10th of each 489,736, J. F. Geary, railway signal. ~

_to 489,739, L. II. & L. N. Dalysson, socket switch form'1n . incadescent lamp.

/.., we are about to open a new roll bouk we re~ 489,76!, Sheldoll, Murnane & Van Beek, under-quest all Secretaries to furnish us soon as possi- ground electric railway.ble a complete roll of their members since their 489,8;!;!, W. R. Relld, galvanic battery.Union was organized. Some of the Unions with 4R9,835,C. A. Stark,closed conduit electric railway.a membership of 100 to 200, according' to the 489,861, G. H. Benuett, blanket for electric lightFinancial Secretary's report, have less than wires.twenty entered on the books at the general office, 489,902, W. S. IInlI, electric prison cell and guard.and none outside of those twenty wou~d be en- 489,913, F. J. Agabeg, fan.titled to death bene(jts~ 489,9IG, A. B:l.ker, apparatus for preserving foods.

Send in the name of every member initiated since 489.938, J. 1-1. Davis, electric battery.the Union was orgauized, even though long since 489,9440, A. C. Goetz, electric railway switch.suspended or expelled. This is necessary, as we 489,983, W. B. Potter, electric cut-off.must have a correct record of every member who 489,990, C. E. Scribner, telephone.everhelonged to the Brotherhood. 4UO,01l, F. J. Dibble, electric motor.

490,012, F. J. Dibble, electric telemetermitter.

490,013, F ..J. Dibble, electric telemeter trans-mitter.

490,Ol4, F. J. Dibble, telemeter system.490,03<1, T. E. Morford, electric heater.460,Q64, F. H. Brown, telegraphy and telephony.'490,081, J. F. McLaughlin, commutator brush and

holder.490,072, J. F. McLaughlin, electric heater.490,061, J. A. Nadeau, electric alarm lock.490,178, Elihu Thompson, electric circnit breaker.4DO,lSa, C. 0 C. Billber!?;, a commutator brush.490,202, G. E. Hunter, testing watch balances and

hair springs.490,203, G. E. Hunter, method of testing watch

balances and hair springs.490,23L, N. M. Powell, electric battery.<1()O,256, G. R. Meitzler, electrically heated solder­

ing iron.

----~._.---

Officers of Local Unious should carefully readthe following rules before writing for informa­tion:

1. Give notice at once when a change occurs inSecretary's address, or when a vacancy hasbeen filled by the election of a new officer.

2. Consult the' financial report in the WORKERevery month, and if incorrect, report at once.

3. Arrange to receive any mail that may be en

"oltte to old addresses of officers, when changeoccurs.

4. In reporting the election of new oll1cers, usethe regular blank furnished for that purpose,and write plainly the name and addl'ess of eachofficer.

5. The monthly report of the financial secretarymUl:lt accompany the dues Eent.

6. Never fill out a report of any kind until firstmaking it out on waste paper, then copy it onthe regular report blank. This obviates alter­ations and scratching.

7. Always put name und address on reports andletters.

8. Send in name, number of card, age, and dateof admission of each ne\v member, as he willnot be entitled:to benefits until his name is en­rolled on the books at the general office.

9. Report promptly the suspension or expulsionof members; also traveling cards taken out.

10. When sending money.always stnte what theamount is for; do not leave it for the G.S.-T. toguess at.

11. All orders for supplies should be accompaniedwith the requisite amount of money.

12. Never send money in a letter. All remittancesshould be forwarded by post-office money or­der, express monev order or bank draft.

13. Unions indebted for over two months' duesare non-beneficial (see Art. XV, Sec. 5). Allmembers are interested in this matter andshould look after it closely.

14. On the expiration of a traveling card the mem­ber holding said card should pay one month'sdues and receive a duecard and be enrolled asa member of the Uniou, the same as as a newmember.

15. All Local Treasurers should be under bond andthe same filed with the G. S.-T.

16. All receipts and correspondence from the gen­eral office should be read at the meetings.

17. Read the constitution carefully and consult iton all matters that arise for consideration.

18. Make out all reports with ink and use the reg­ular report blanks and letter paper furnishedfor that purpose.

19.When admitting or reinstating members thestrictest inquiry as to health must be ob­served. If the member is married the wife's

health must also be noted.

TAKE NOTICE.

Boston. JUass;-The Brookline Gas & LightCo. intend to install an alternating electric system.

--Sunbury, Pa.-The Edison Co. will doublethe capacity of its plant.

Cleveland, Obio.-The Universal ElectricCo. intend to e!ltablish a lighting plant.

Madison, Wis.-The Four Lake Light &Power Co. is building an electric light station.

SyracusE", N. Y.-The contracts for the Onon­( daga Electric Co.'s new plant are let. 'file work

must be finished Mny 1st.

Middleton, Pa.-The Mnnicipal ElectricLight plant will ,add a 50~light arc dynamo and a

.., 1000-light alternating incandescent dyuamo to its']?Iant.

St. Louis, Mo.-Work has been started onthe Delmar Ave. & Clayton Electric road. Thisroad will extend to the centre of St. Louis Co.

The Baden & St. Louis Railway Co. will changeto an electric system and commence work imme­diately.

\\

Hurst Air·Space Covering Co., 71 ..c.Main, have a new thing and a good thing, whichthey are successfully introducing to the trade..

Knight Bros., Se. Cor. Broadway andOlive, are very successful patent lawyers, andhave secured many valuable patents and trade'­marks for their customers. They report thatelectrical patents are ~ooming.

Stagl Electric Engineering Co. havedone a larger business than ever during. the pastyear. They recently finished the electrical work onthe palatial residence of .Adolphus Bush, imd arenow wiring the new Columbia Building. Theyhave contracts enough on hand to keep a largeforce of men busy for some time.

We are indebted to R. F. Harding,' patentlawyer, of Washington, D. C., for our very eo~­

plete list of electrical pate!!ts, 'which most ofour readers will doubtless 'peruse with profit .tothemselves. .~' .

Fowler & Fowler, patent lawyers, ',al:e w

handling some very fine electrical patents, some ofwhich will surprise electricians, and will ne,t 'ttlOu,sa,nds of dollars to the inventors.

To those interested in electricity: Subscribe tothe ELECTRICAL WORKER-one dollar per year inadvance.

Send in your subscription to the ELECTRICALWORKER-one dollar per year in advance.

WOR~ER. ,

..

FO~ Tf{E--__zm...

. "-'........-,1 •• J ... " ~

H~Die ovelty'C'o,'-o'f'Tenth ~D.dWalnu':·ha"ll:e,anelectrical curiosity shop; an undergroundelectric road, a hotizontal-arc 'light and an entirely

'.new eJectr.ic·'Pen,are'a few of the electrical novel­-tie manufactured by,the Home Novelty Co.

. Ioterstate Complete Electric Construc-..tion Co., occupyiug Heisler's old _factory, 809­817 S. Seventh street, are very busy filling townand country orders, aud are fully equipped toestimate and co,?plete large or small contracts.

A. M. Morse & Co. of 520 Olive havean extensive experience in desiguing and buildingpower plants for electric light stations, electricrailways and various manufacturing establish­ments, and have built many· of the centrallightin~

and power stations in proIninent cities .of Missouri,illiuois, Kausas and Texas. They can also refer

- to many islocated plants 4I St. Louis andKansas City. They solicit correspondence andwill mail catalo~ue and complete lists of the Buck­eye engine on application,

Rose Electric Light Supply Co., 1106Pine, carry an immense stock of new and secoIid­

'h,and supplies of all kinds, and have had a veryb sy year, with good prospects of doubling theirbusiness this year. Send for their catalogue.

Orandall Packing Co., 520 N. Thirdhave only lately introduced their patent packingto th Western public, but can already refer tosome o. he lar~est plants in a,nd out of town.

.. \ -~Send for ....i!scrij)ttv'e -ca~ll.logue and sample.

Werner Engravlni;.... Co., 24 and 26 S.Third, are wood, photograpnic and half-tone en­gravers, and several specimens Q,f their work canbe found on other pages of this paper.:..

Fred Dresel, 301 Market, ,general en­graver and die-sinker, is closing up las;" .Year'sbusiness with a comfortable balance at his banlier,'s .He is one of the pioneers of his trade in this city

W. H. Haskell, 713 Olive, engraver andjeweler, is a specialist in the manufacture of em­blematic buttons, pins, charms and badges, andhas probably furnished more orignal designs forthe use of secret societies, lodges, unions, etc.,than any other man in the West.

OF"FICIAL JOURNAL .OF THE

@

B~otherhood Of...... . "

DOLLHR'.PER VEHR,

ELECTRICJ\L

:.TRADE NOTES.I

-=======~. --. ,~~--

paper-published in ·St. Louis. Contains tbe. latest news of patents g~an!ed orwith original articles- and 'latest items of ll~te(est to all pers<?ns Interested. .. ~ . . .

Shultz Beiting Co., of St. Loms and" therest of the .ell;rth, al:' 'now busy ma~ufltctnringan

"eighty-Inch.belti' which- ~ht:!n completed ,wm be thelaraest'in the world. 'l'be statistical lfiend has'o ,-worked out the problem and a-yers that 'ihe Shultz.:Belting Co. have actually, lluring 'their l?ngbusiness career, manufactm'ed en~ug~ belting te-

. connect the earth and moon, so that tb~ir trade-mark. is something mOfe than a myth. \

The Laclede Power Co. report he sale ofsome large e. & C. motors. C. & C. mo ors fur­nished by this company are now doing all ]l/nds ofwork in this city, such as running printing p"fsses,elevators, e~c. _.\

Western Electric Supply Co. repo~:t asplendid past year's trade, and the increase "inspace au~ doubling of forces, and the continuo{;sincoming and outgoing 9L- immense quantities 0\sUPPlt'~"-'lf all kinds; show an ever increasing.7' il':" _ ~1?usiness. Any.thing manufactm'ed forthe electrical trade can be found at the WesternSupply Co.'s place at 619 Locust street.

. The Municipal Electric Light & PowerCo., with the largest central station in the world,thoroughly equipped with the most approved arcand incandescent' machine, can always be relied onto furnish their patrons with the best light in themarket.

Van'Nort Bros. have just opened up largequart~rs at 7J8 Market street, and are rushed withworl(j' both ill the constrnction and supply depart­ments.

• • Acme ,Oil Filter, 730 N. Main.-Over500 sold in less than eighteen months makes av.ery good snowing. Under the able managementof Mr. Flower the 1000 mark is plainly visible inthe near future. His liberal offer to send one on

.- a thirty days' trial shows his faith in the superi­ori~y of the .Acme Oil Filter. Send for a cata·~l?gue..

SUBSCR1BE

1893 January Index

Automatic Letter Express Delivery 1893.01.06Dancer Enveloped in Electricity, vacuum tubes, rubber dress 1893.01.07Directory of Local Unions 1893.01.12Electric Interurban travel, makes some steam trains obsolete...... 1893.01.06Electric Light Convention, St. Louis, 2/28 to 3/2,1893 ...... 1893.01.09Electric Signals, improved railway signaling 1893.01.05Electricity in St. Louis, bragging rights 1893.01.09Emancipating the Canal Mule, Erie CanaL 1893.01.07First Edition, 5,000 copies of The Electrical Worker published 1893.01.11General News, where electricians may look for work...... 1893.01.12Incandescent, Edison Co. Gets. Restraining Order in St.Louis...... 1893.01.05L.u. 1, St. Louis 1893.01.10L.U. 3, NewYork 1893.01.10L.U. 9, Chicago 1893.01.10L.U.l1, Terra Haute 1893.01.10L.U. 12, Evansville 1893.01.10L.U. 17, Detroit 1893.01.10L.U. 18, Kansas City...... 1893.01.11L.U. 26, DC...... 1893.01.11L.U. 27, Baltimore 1893.01.11L.U. 28, Philadelphia 1893.01.11L.U. 34, Brooklyn 1893.01.11Litigation in Chicago, Sunbeam manufacturers 1893.01.05Locating Trouble in Arc and Power Circuits in Central Station Work 1893.01.04Long Distance Electric Roads 1893.01.06Masthead 1893.01.08Motor as a Dynamo for Braking Purposes, A, Sioux City railway 1893.01.06National Brotherhood of Electrical Workers of America, officers 1893.01.08New Mode of Producing Electrical Energy, A, humor. ..... 1893.01.06Photo Electric Detector, Toledo 1893.01.06Photo, N.B.E.W. founders in 1891. 1893.01.03Rapid Transit in the West.. .... 1893.01.06Report of Grand President Henry Miller. ..... 1893.01.09Record of Electrical Patents form January 1st to date 1893.01.13Salutatory, The Electrical Worker goals explained 1893.01.08Stronger Automatic Telephone Exchange...... 1893.01.07Take Notice, officers of local unions please read and remember 1893.01.13To Our Patrons, we hope our readers will purchase your items 1893.01.08Trouble from Electric Wires, trolley ground disrupts some phones 1893.01.07Underground Electric Conduit Railway, IS" deep and 9" wide 1893.01.06Utilizing Niagara, hydro electric alternating current 1893.01.09Will the "Hello" Girl Take the Place of Train Dispatcher...... 1893.01.07World's Fair search light, four foot reflector & 460,000 candles 1893.01.13