Action Verbs p. 368 textAn action verb is a word that names an action. An action verb maycontain more than one word.The director shouts at the members of the cast.The lights are flashing above the stage.The audience arrives in time for the performance.Several singers have memorized the lyrics of a song.Action verbs can express physical actions or mental actions.Have, has and had are action verbs too, when they name what thesubject owns or holds.He has fifteen dollars.We had pizza for dinner last night.

Write a sentence, using an action verb for each of the pictures below.

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs p. 370Transitive Verb- has a direct object. When an action verb transfers action to a direct object, it is transitive. direct object- receives the action of the verb. It answers the question whom? Or what? after an action verbThe audience applauds the actors. TransitiveFor whom did the audience applaud? The actors. (direct object)

Intransitive verb- does not have a direct object. When an action verb has no direct object, it is intransitive.The audience applauds loudly. Intransitive- No direct object.

Verbs with Indirect Object p. 372 textAn indirect object answers the question to whom or for whom an action is done.Friends sent the actors flowers. Indirect object

To whom?(direct object)

An indirect object appears only in a sentence that has a direct object.Two easy clues can help you recognize an indirect object.First, an indirect object always comes before a direct object.Second, you can add the preposition to or for before the indirect objectand change its position. The sentence will still make sense, althoughthere will no longer be an indirect object, but an object of the preposition.

Friends sent the actors flowers. ( Actors is an indirect object. )What is the direct object? Flowers

Friends sent flowers to the actors. ( Actors is not an indirect objectIt is the object of the preposition.

Linking Verbs & Predicate Words p 374. textA linking verb connects the subject of a sentence with a noun oradjective in the predicate.Bess Powell was the director. linking verb The verb was is a form of the verb be. It links the word director tothe subject by telling what it is. Being verbs: Memorize pleaseam , is , are, was, were, be, being, been.Predicate noun- a noun that follows a linking verb. It defines the subject by stating what it is.Predicate adjective- an adjective that follows a linking verb. Itdescribes the subject by telling what it is like.Common linking verbsbe appear turn smell become looktaste sound seem grow feel

Professor Willard became an expert on the history of Grover’s Corners.What is the linking verb in the sentence? became

Is the linking verb followed by a predicate noun or predicate adjective?

Predicate noun-expert

The children appeared frightened when the grim reaper chased themwith his sickle.

Which word is the linking verb? appeared

Is the linking verb followed by a predicate noun or predicate adjective?

Predicate adjective- frightened

Present and Past Tenses p. 376 text

Present tense of a verb names an action that happens regularly. It doesnot mean that it’s taking place now. If the action were taking placenow the verb would be present progressive and it would end in -ing.I am teaching.You are (hopefully) listening.A great actor wins awards. The earth revolves around the sun.We eat at noon everyday. Mrs. Sev drinks coffee every day.Past tense of a verb names an action that already happened.The past tense of many verbs is formed by adding -ed to the verb.Some exceptions ( irregular verbs)lose lost Sit sat eat ate drink drank Present Tense FormsSingular PluralI walk. We walk.You walk. You walk. ( addressing a group)He, she , or it walks. They walk.

Main Verbs and Helping Verbs text p. 378Principal Parts of VerbsBase Form Present Participle Past Form Past Participleact acting acted actedHelping verb- helps the main verb tell about an action or make a statementverb phrase- consists of one or more helping verbs followed by a main verb.They are acting in another play right now.Helping verb- are

common helping verbs are- be, have, and do.Forms of the helping verb be - am, is , are (present tense)was, were (past tense). These helping verbs combine with thepresent participle of the main verb.He is acting. I am acting. They were acting. Forms of the helping verb have include has (present) and had (past). These combine with the past participle from of a verbHe has acted. I have acted. They had acted.

Write two sentences about each of the videos below. Use one verbin the present participle and the other in the past participle. You mustuse a main verb and a helping verb.

The cat is eating her food.Main verb- eating verb phrase- is eatinghelping verb- isParticiple- presentWhiskers was sleeping before dinner.Main verb- sleeping helping verb- wasParticiple- pastverb phrase- was sleeping

Progressive Forms- text p. 380Present Progressive- Names an action that is continuing in the present.I am leaving. He,She, It is leaving.You are leaving.They are leaving.Past progressive- Names an action or condition that continued for some time in the past.I was following.You were following.They were following.He, She, It was following.

In your copybook, please write a sentence using the past & progressiveform of any verb using all of the above pronouns.

Write two sentences about each of the videos below. Use one verbin the present participle and the other in the past participle. You mustuse a main verb and a helping verb.

The cat is eating her food.Main verb- eating verb phrase- is eatinghelping verb- isParticiple- presentWhiskers was sleeping before dinner.Main verb- sleeping helping verb- wasParticiple- pastverb phrase- was sleeping

Perfect TensesPresent perfect tense- names an action that happened at an indefinitetime in the past. It also tells about an action that happened in thepast and is still happening.The actor has rehearsed for many hours.Nick and Maria have seen Guys and Dolls five times.Present Perfect Tense- Consists of helping verb have or has and thepast participle of the main verb.Singular PluralI have performed on Broadway. We have performed.You have performed in the Christmas Show. You have performed.He, She, It has performed. They have performed together.Past perfect tense- names an action that happened before anotheraction or event in the past. The past perfect tense verb consists ofthe helping verb had and the past participle of the main verb.Past Perfect TenseSingular PluralI had started eating before the lesson. We had started our homework.

Past Perfect TenseSingular PluralI had started. We had started.You had started. You had started.He, she, it had started. They had started.

Unless the verb is irregular ( I had begun. They had spoken.)It will end in –ed in the perfect tense.

In your journals write at least two paragraphs about somethingthat happened in the past that is ongoing.i.e. We have studied the Civil War for several weeks. The warhad started back in the late 1800’s.

Expressing Future TimeFuture Tense of a verb is formed by using the helping verb will beforethe main verb. The helping verb shall is sometimes used when the subject is I or we.Time words- tomorrow, next week, ThursdayTime words are used with the present tense to express future time.Our show opens next week. Opens- present tense, next week -time words.Tomorrow we design scenery and rehearse.Next Friday our show is opening. (In this sentence the present progressive form is opening is used with the time words next Friday.)Future perfect tense- names an action that will be completed beforeanother future event begins. It is formed by adding will have or shallhave before the past participle of a verb.Thursday I shall have performed six times.By next week the production will have closed.In your copybook write a sentence using future tense and futureperfect tense verbs.

Active and Passive VoiceActive voice- subject performs the action of the verb.Mrs. Sykes corrected the student.Passive Voice- subject receives the action of the verb. Usually a phrase beginning with by follows the verb in the passive voice.The student was corrected by Mrs. Sykes.In the first sentence it seems that I am more important because I am thesubject. In the second sentence the student is more important because he/she isthe subject. The subject of an active sentence performs the action of the verb:  "I threw the ball. " •The subject of a passive sentence is still the main character of the sentence, but something else is performing the action: "I was thrown from the horse[by the horse]."

Turn the following sentences into active voice sentences.

Dinner was made by a gourmet chef.

The car was driven by Mario Andreti.

Announcements were made by Sister Trudy.

Now turn the following sentences into passive sentences.

Mrs. Sykes assigned page 22 for homework.

Candice collected the pretzel money.

Mr. Tschopp sold lollipops.

Irregular verbs Because there are so many turn to page 388 in your text.Write a sentence for each of the following verbs in their past form.

shrink drink spring swimkeep sleep think win

Write a sentence for each of the following verbs in their past participleform.Begin sing teach fightwrite speak choose eat