activated natural zeolite on textiles for protection and therapy itmc2007 - ana marija grancaric.pdf

7/24/2019 Activated Natural Zeolite on Textiles for Protection and Therapy ITMC2007 - Ana Marija Grancaric.pdf

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ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE

ON TEXTILES FOR PROTECTIONAND THERAPY

ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE

ON TEXTILES FOR PROTECTIONAND THERAPY

Ana Marija GRANCARI1, Anita TARBUK1,

Slavko IVKOVI2, Tihomir LELAS3, Darko UJEVI1



1 University of Zagreb, Faculty of Textile Technology,Zagreb, Croatia

2

Clinic Svecnjak Zagreb, Croatia3 Tribomin, Osijek, Croatia


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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Human skin

Is a barrier organIs the greatest human immune organIs a sensory organProtects againstCold,Heat,UV-R,

Mechanical impact,Microorganisms.

The purpose of finishing with zeolite nanoparticles is

achieving high level multifunctionality of textiles.

Human skin

Is a barrier organIs the greatest human immune organIs a sensory organProtects againstCold,Heat,UV-R,

Mechanical impact,Microorganisms.

The purpose of finishing with zeolite nanoparticles is

achieving high level multifunctionality of textiles.


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Material name Natural Zeolite

Chemical name Hydrated aluminosilicate from alkalis and earthalkalis

Chemical type Molecular sieve

Empirical formula (Ca, K2, Na2, Mg)4Al8Si40O96x 24 H2O

Adsorption

capacity

Ammonia NH3,

Hydrocarbons C1to C6Carbon dioxide CO2Hydrogen sulphide H2SSulphur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides NOX,aldehydes

Total exchangecapacity Cations (Ca2+

, K+

, Na+

, Mg2+

)(1,2-1,5 mol / kg)

ZEOLITE (CLINOPTILOLITE)ZEOLITE (CLINOPTILOLITE)


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Substance Percentage

SiO2 65,0 71,3 %

Al2O3 11,5 13,1 %

CaO 2,7 5,2 %

K2O 2,2 3,4 %

Fe2O3 0,7 1,9%

MgO 0,6 1,2 %

Na2O 0,2 1,3 %

TiO2 0,1 0,3 %

Si/Al ratio 4,8 5,4



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Non-toxicEuropean approval as a food additive in

accordance with DIN 53 770

U.S. approval: Code of Federal Regulations,Food and Drugs (FDA), 21 CFR CH. I, 182Subpart C

Non-toxicEuropean approval as a food additive in

accordance with DIN 53 770

U.S. approval: Code of Federal Regulations,Food and Drugs (FDA), 21 CFR CH. I, 182Subpart C



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Clinoptilolite has a cage-like structure consistingof high portion of SiO2(60-67 %).



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Zeolite - activated micronized particles ofclinoptilolite produced by tribomechanicalprocessing in the patented machine.

Zeolite - activated micronized particles ofclinoptilolite produced by tribomechanicalprocessing in the patented machine.

Such product has 80% of nanoparticles.Such product has 80% of nanoparticles.



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TRIBOMECHANICAL ACTIVATIONTRIBOMECHANICAL ACTIVATION


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LHC Large Hadron ColliderTRIBOMECHANICAL ACTIVATIONTRIBOMECHANICAL ACTIVATION


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Stages of micronisingStages of micronising

1. Particles

are accelerated 2. Particles collide3. Particles rebound -

surface friction

4. Dynamics cause

pulverising

5. Dynamic process

continues

6. Crystal structure

fragments



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Tribomechanical activation (TMA) is a newly

developed micronizing method for improvingreaction capacity levels

Special equipment is required: TMA disintegrator

After processing, significant changes to theparticles can be observed with regard tosizesurface characteristicselectrostatic chargeion exchange capacity

Tribomechanical activation (TMA) is a newly

developed micronizing method for improvingreaction capacity levels

Special equipment is required: TMA disintegrator

After processing, significant changes to theparticles can be observed with regard tosizesurface characteristicselectrostatic chargeion exchange capacity

MICRONIZINGMICRONIZING


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is non-toxichas neither chemical or pharmacological effects

has only a biophysical effect.

This biophysical effect is used to regulate growth,cell division and differentiation (protection and

repair mechanisms) is used in agicultural, industrial and medical

purposes

is non-toxichas neither chemical or pharmacological effects

has only a biophysical effect.

This biophysical effect is used to regulate growth,cell division and differentiation (protection and

repair mechanisms) is used in agicultural, industrial and medical

purposes

EFFECTS OF ACTIVATED ZEOLITEEFFECTS OF ACTIVATED ZEOLITE


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Megagreen

Natural manure which improves photosynthetic activityMegagreen

Natural manure which improves photosynthetic activity

Photos: Crop trials with Megagreen in Lombardy, June 2004Photos: Crop trials with Megagreen in Lombardy, June 2004

Untreated crops Crops treated with Megagreen


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Scatter UV ligth

UV PotectionGreat absorbens

AntimicrobialProtection

Scatter UV ligth

UV PotectionGreat absorbens

AntimicrobialProtection

ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITEON PROTECTIVE TEXTILES

ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITEON PROTECTIVE TEXTILES


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MATERIAL and TREATMENTSMATERIAL and TREATMENTSLabel Treatment

S

Scoured (bioscouring with 1% Beisol PRO, Bezema) cotton

knitted/woven fabricSM Scoured mercerized (24% NaOH) cotton fabrics

SZ Scoured cotton fabrics, impregnated with 5 g/l zeolite

nanoparticles

SZM Scoured cotton fabrics, 5 g/l zeolite nanoparticles added in

mercerization process

SMZ Scoured mercerized cotton fabrics, impregnated with 5 g/l of

zeolite nanoparticles

SM(AZ) Scoured mercerized cotton fabrics, 5 g/l of zeolite nanoparticlesand azalide treated by exhaustion method

...A Azalide treated by exhaustion method

...W Washed according to ISO 105-C08/C09 using ECE Test Detergentwithout phosphate and without OBA


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AZALIDE (AZI)AZALIDE (AZI)Azalides are subclass of macrolide antibiotics(macrocyclic lactone ring in their chemical structure).Azithromycin is the most famous azalide with brandnames Zithromax (Pfizer) and Sumamed (Pliva).

Azalides are subclass of macrolide antibiotics(macrocyclic lactone ring in their chemical structure).Azithromycin is the most famous azalide with brandnames Zithromax (Pfizer) and Sumamed (Pliva).

Azytromicine 9-deoxy-9a-aza-9a-methyl-

9a-homoerythromycin A

Azytromicine 9-deoxy-9a-aza-9a-methyl-

9a-homoerythromycin A

It is derived from erythromycin(14-membered lactone ring)

by adding a nitrogen atom intothe lactone ring making

15-membered lactone ring.

It is derived from erythromycin(14-membered lactone ring)

by adding a nitrogen atom intothe lactone ring making

15-membered lactone ring.


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SEM images ofzeolite treatedbioscouredcotton fabrics

SEM images ofzeolite treatedbioscouredcotton fabrics

SMZSMZ

SZMSZM

Images taken in DTNW,Krefeld, Germany

a) during (SMZ) andb) after (SZM)mercerization process

a) during (SMZ) andb) after (SZM)mercerization process


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Characteristic Standard Instrument

UV Protection

****UV ProtectionFactor (UPF)

AS/NZS 4399:1996Sun ProtectiveClothing: evaluation

and classification

Transmission

Spectrophoto-meter Cary 50Solarscreen(Varian)

METHODSMETHODS

indicates the ability of fabrics toprotect the skin against sun burning indicates how much longer a person

can stay in the sun with the fabriccovering the skin as compared with

the uncovered skin to obtain sameerythemal response

S() = spectral irradiation [W m-2 nm-1]() = spectral transmittance = wavelength measuring interval [nm]

SE

SEUPF

where: E() = spectral weighting

function of erythemal actionspectra according to CIEJ.6;17-22.1989


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Characteristic Standard Microorganisms used

Antimicrobialactivity

AATCC TM 147-1999Antibacterial Activity Assessment

of Textile Materials

andAATCC TM 100-1999

Antibacterial Finishes on Textile

Materials: Assesment of

Gram positiveStaphylococcus aureus

and

Gram negative

Klebsiella pneumoniae

METHODSMETHODS

In Petri dish (80 mm diameter) microorganisms were put. In the middle of dishcircle test sample, d = 24 mm, was placed. After incubation of 24 h diameter ofsample and diameter of influenced area were measured. Diameter difference

quantitatively determines fabric protection of Gram positive and Gramnegative microorganisms.

Results are given as factor, f

In Petri dish (80 mm diameter) microorganisms were put. In the middle of dishcircle test sample, d = 24 mm, was placed. After incubation of 24 h diameter ofsample and diameter of influenced area were measured. Diameter difference

quantitatively determines fabric protection of Gram positive and Gramnegative microorganisms.

Results are given as factor, f

untreated

treated

d

df

untreated

treated

d

df


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c)

great antimicrobialactivity to

Gram negativeKlebsiella

pneumoniae

b)

great antimicrobialactivity to

Gram positiveStaphylococus

aureus

a)

noantimicrobial

activity

ANTIMICROBIAL PROTECTIONANTIMICROBIAL PROTECTION


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Gram positiveStaphylococus aureus

Gram positiveStaphylococus aureus

0

12

24

36

48

60

S SA SM SMA SZ SZ

ASZ

MSZ

MA

SMZ

SMZA

SM(AZ)

d

[mm]

Treated

Treated and washed

Knitted cotton fabric

Woven cotton fabric

0

12

24

36

48

60

S SA SM SMA SZ SZ

ASZ

MSZ

MA

SMZ

SMZA

SM(AZ)

d

[mm]

Treated

Treated and washed



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Gram negativeKlebsiella pneumoniae

Gram negativeKlebsiella pneumoniae

Woven cotton fabric


0

12

24

36

48

60

S SA SM SMA SZ SZ

ASZ

MSZ

MA

SMZ

SMZA

SM(AZ)

d

[mm]

Treated

Treated and washed


0

12

24

36

48

60

S SA SM SMA SZ SZ

ASZ

MSZ

MA

SMZ

SMZA

SM(AZ)

d

[mm]

Treated

Treated and washed


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Woven cotton fabric

UV PROTECTIONUV PROTECTION

0

200

400

600

800

1000

S SA SM SMA SZ SZ

ASZ

MSZ

MA

SMZ

SMZA

SM(AZ)

MeanUPF

Treated

Treated + washed


0

200

400

600

800

1000

S SA SM SMA SZ SZ

ASZ

MSZ

MA SMZ

SMZA

SM(AZ)

Mea

nUPF

Treated

Treated + washed


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Activated natural zeolite

modulates the immune system. Taking Megamin

strengthens the bodys immune system is a carrier of energy and information

is a product developed with new technology

which enhances an existing biophysical effect.This enhanced biophysical effect can bemeasured and is proven to exist

Activated natural zeolite

modulates the immune system. Taking Megamin

strengthens the bodys immune system is a carrier of energy and information

is a product developed with new technology

which enhances an existing biophysical effect.This enhanced biophysical effect can bemeasured and is proven to exist

ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITEFOR THERAPY

ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITEFOR THERAPY


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absorbs gastric acid (during heartburn)

regulates the pH values of human tissue

(counteracting hyperacidity) is a remarkable prebiotic (bacterial activity in the

intestine)

influences cellular metabolism and throughmitochondrial activity also influences cell vitality

is the best possible antioxidant. It neutralises and

captures free radicals. is also an enzymatic antioxidant (high silicon

ratio)

absorbs gastric acid (during heartburn)

regulates the pH values of human tissue

(counteracting hyperacidity) is a remarkable prebiotic (bacterial activity in the

intestine)

influences cellular metabolism and throughmitochondrial activity also influences cell vitality

is the best possible antioxidant. It neutralises and

captures free radicals. is also an enzymatic antioxidant (high silicon

ratio)


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detoxifies our bodiesdetoxifies our bodies


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possesses a highion exchangecapacity (potassium,

sodium, magnesiumand calciumexchange)

adsorbs andabsorbs ammoniain the enteron andcolon

absorbs heavymetals (includinglead, arsenic,cadmium)

possesses a highion exchangecapacity (potassium,

sodium, magnesiumand calciumexchange)

adsorbs andabsorbs ammoniain the enteron andcolon

absorbs heavymetals (includinglead, arsenic,cadmium)


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EFFECTS OF ACTIVATED ZEOLITEEFFECTS OF ACTIVATED ZEOLITE


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Very strong antioxidative properties affect oxidativestress in cancer and diabetes patients. Additionally,diabetes mell itus patients can use zeolite for thereason of its glucose high absorbance.

Free radicals are the main factors of manypathological changes in organisms.

Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) measures theconcentration of antioxidants in the organisms. Frommany results it is shown that activated zeoliteinfluenced an increase in TAS value more than 26%which is in comparison to known antioxidants (A, C,and E vitamines, flaovoinouds, melatonin etc.) tenthtime effective.

Very strong antioxidative properties affect oxidativestress in cancer and diabetes patients. Additionally,diabetes mell itus patients can use zeolite for thereason of its glucose high absorbance.

Free radicals are the main factors of manypathological changes in organisms.

Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) measures theconcentration of antioxidants in the organisms. Frommany results it is shown that activated zeoliteinfluenced an increase in TAS value more than 26%which is in comparison to known antioxidants (A, C,and E vitamines, flaovoinouds, melatonin etc.) tenthtime effective.


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Anticancer activity of zeolite as antioxidants may notonly be attributed to their radical scavengerproperties, but also to direct modulation of cellular

signal transduction pathways, resulting in growtharrest and apoptosis of cancer cells.

Recently, it has been shown that 4 weeks of oral

supplementation with activated zeolite resulted inrestoration of previously increased antioxidant levels(Randox Total Antioxidant Status) and decreases offree radicals (d-ROM-s Free Radical Analytical System)

in plasma of cancer patients.

Anticancer activity of zeolite as antioxidants may notonly be attributed to their radical scavengerproperties, but also to direct modulation of cellular

signal transduction pathways, resulting in growtharrest and apoptosis of cancer cells.

Recently, it has been shown that 4 weeks of oral

supplementation with activated zeolite resulted inrestoration of previously increased antioxidant levels(Randox Total Antioxidant Status) and decreases offree radicals (d-ROM-s Free Radical Analytical System)

in plasma of cancer patients.


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Beside its antioxidant capacity, activated zeolitedemonstrated anticancer activity in vitro tissuecultures by inhibition of protein kinase B (c-Act) andinduction of expression of tumor suppressor proteins,independently from p53 protein. Blockade of cellgrowth has been shown in several cancer cell lines.The high inhibitory effects of zeolite are obtained withtwo cell lines, HeLa and MiaPaCa-2 what confirmed therecently results about zeolite inhibition of proteinkinase B (c-Act).

Additionally, the combination of activated zeolite withdoxorubicin for the treatment of mammary carcinoma-bearing mice was significantly more effective inreducing the number pulmonary metastases whencompared to doxorubicin mono-therapy.

Beside its antioxidant capacity, activated zeolitedemonstrated anticancer activity in vitro tissuecultures by inhibition of protein kinase B (c-Act) andinduction of expression of tumor suppressor proteins,independently from p53 protein. Blockade of cellgrowth has been shown in several cancer cell lines.The high inhibitory effects of zeolite are obtained withtwo cell lines, HeLa and MiaPaCa-2 what confirmed therecently results about zeolite inhibition of proteinkinase B (c-Act).

Additionally, the combination of activated zeolite withdoxorubicin for the treatment of mammary carcinoma-bearing mice was significantly more effective inreducing the number pulmonary metastases whencompared to doxorubicin mono-therapy.


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The effect of activated zeolite treatment (differentTMAZ concentration) on growth of different humancell lines.

Legend:

HeLa - cervical carcinoma; MiaPaCa-2 - pancreatic carcinoma;

CaCo-2 - colon carcinoma; MCF-7 - breast cancer;

Hep-2 - laryngeal carcinoma.

The effect of activated zeolite treatment (differentTMAZ concentration) on growth of different humancell lines.

Legend:

HeLa - cervical carcinoma; MiaPaCa-2 - pancreatic carcinoma;

CaCo-2 - colon carcinoma; MCF-7 - breast cancer;

Hep-2 - laryngeal carcinoma.

0

30

60

90

120

150

HeLa MiaPaCa-2 CaCo-2 MCF-7 Hep-2

Cell lines

Cellviabi

lity[%]

control0.05 mg/ml

0.25 mg/ml0.5 mg/ml


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In the wound healing are five importantrequirements: moist environment, antimicrobial,non-toxic to human cells, hypoallergenic andcontinuous debridement. Activated zeolite justfollows these requirements having favorableeffects on the healing of next superficial skin

wounds:Acute skin problems -mechanical skin damage,

thermal burns, abrasions, insect bites, post-operative wound treatment, herpes simplex andherpes zoster.Chronic skin problems- various skin infections,

allergic reaction, degenerative diseases,neurodermitis, ulcer cruris, decubitus ulcers,etc.

In the wound healing are five importantrequirements: moist environment, antimicrobial,non-toxic to human cells, hypoallergenic andcontinuous debridement. Activated zeolite justfollows these requirements having favorableeffects on the healing of next superficial skin

wounds:Acute skin problems -mechanical skin damage,

thermal burns, abrasions, insect bites, post-operative wound treatment, herpes simplex andherpes zoster.Chronic skin problems- various skin infections,

allergic reaction, degenerative diseases,neurodermitis, ulcer cruris, decubitus ulcers,etc.

Activated Natural Zeolite in Healing WoundsActivated Natural Zeolite in Healing Wounds


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Activated natural zeolite: adsorbs sweat and stops unpleasant odors cleans the skin from oxidants and free radicals protects the body against harmful UV radiation

regardless of the fabric structure, applyingtreatment, or washing processUV protection in textile finishing meansantioxidative protection, as well.

protects the body from microorganisms and preventsits access and activity

has favorable effects on the healing process in theskin wounds

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION


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Activated natural zeolite:

constantly holds the body temperatureincrease energy levels of entire bodyprotects of rheumatic problemsenhances exchanges of substances in the body and

helps the skin breathregulates the pH values of skin andis very comfortable to wear.

Tribomechanical activated natural zeolite on textilespromises multifunctional properties and differentbiological effects in the near future what requires further

research work.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION


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ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE ONTEXTILES FOR PROTECTION AND

THERAPY

ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE ONTEXTILES FOR PROTECTION AND

THERAPY





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