adjective and adverb notes. adjectives an adjective is a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or...
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Adjective and AdverbNOTES
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Adjectives
• An adjective is a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun
• They answer the questions:– What kind?– Which one or ones?– How many or much?
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Articles are Adjectives
•Articles: a, an, and the–Indefinite Articles: a and an–Definite Article: the
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Forming Adjectives
Adjectives can be formed from nouns.– It was a stormy night.
– The boy acted very childish.
– The teacher is musical.
– The scenery is beautiful.
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Forming Adjectives
• Proper Adjectives can be formed from proper nouns.
• The Shakespearean author was proud of his work.
• The Asian population in the United States has increased in the last twenty years.
• The Islamic tradition is recognized each year.
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Predicate Adjectives
• Predicate Adjective-an adjective that follows a linking verb and describes the verb’s subject.
– The airplanes were strange.• What is the linking verb in this sentence?
– Sam felt anxious about the airplane flight.• What is the linking verb in this sentence?
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Pronouns as Adjectives
ALL OF THESE PRONOUNS CAN BE USED AS ADJECTIVES:
• Demonstrative Pronouns: This, that, these, those
• Possessive Pronouns: My, our, your, her, his, its, and their
• Indefinite Pronouns: All, each, both, few, most, and some (just to name a few)
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Label the Pronouns used as Adj.
1. Velcro was invented in 1955, long before its widespread use.
2. George de Mestral spent some years creating Velcro, which makes our lives more comfortable.
3. He found many burs with their tiny hooks clinging to his pants.
4. Perhaps someday most fasteners will be made of Velcro.
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Adverbs• An adverb modifies a verb, an
adjective, or another adverb.• They answer the questions how,
when, where, and to what extent.
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Examples
• How?: patiently, loudly, carefully• When?: sometimes, daily, always• Where?: inside, there, everywhere• To what extent?: extremely, nearly,
almost
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Location of Adverbs
• Adverbs can be located:–After the verb (The rocket
ascended suddenly.)–Before the verb (The rocket
suddenly ascended.)–At the beginning of a sentence
(Suddenly, the rocket ascended.)
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Intensifiers
• Intensifiers- adverbs that modify adjectives or other adverbs. They usually answer the question, to what extent.
• Examples of Intensifiers include:– almost --really– especially --so– extremely --too– nearly --usually– quite --very
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Examples of adverbs and the words they modify:
The history of invention is full of extremely embarrassing events. (adj.)
John Baird made highly important contributions to inventions. (adj.)
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Making Comparisons
• The comparative form of an adjective or adverb is used when you compare a person or thing with one other person or thing.
– John ran faster than Michael.
– The bear was larger than the dog.
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Making Comparisons
• The superlative form of an adjective or adverb is used when you compare someone or something with more than one other thing.
– The Titanic was the largest ship of all.
– That book was the most mysterious book in the library.
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REGULAR FORMS OF COMPARISONOne-Syllable Modifiers: can usually be formed by
adding –er to the comparative and –est to the superlative.
ONE-SYLLABLE MODIFIERS
BASE FORM COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES smallshiny
smallershinier
smallestshiniest
ADVERBS soonclose
Soonercloser
soonestclosest
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REGULAR FORMS OF COMPARISONTwo-Syllable Modifiers: can be formed by adding –er to the comparative and –est to the superlative adjective
OR by adding the words more and most.
TWO-SYLLABLE MODIFIERS
BASE FORM COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES easycheerful
easiermore cheerful
easiestmost cheerful
ADVERBS brightlyswiftly
more brightlymore swiftly
most brightlymost swiftly
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REGULAR FORMS OF COMPARISONUse more and most with adjectives and adverbs having
three or more syllables.
THREE-SYLLABLE (OR MORE) MODIFIERS
BASE FORM COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES powerfulenergetic
more powerfulmore energetic
most powerfulmost energetic
ADVERBS peacefullycomfortably
more peacefullymore comfortably
most peacefullymost comfortably
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IRREGULAR FORMS OF COMPARISONSome comparative and superlative forms of adverbs
and adjectives are irregular.
IRREGULAR MODIFIERS
BASE FORM COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES goodbad
betterworse
bestworst
ADVERBS wellmuchlittle
bettermoreless
bestmostleast
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Guidelines for Candy Essay
• All adjectives must be underlined.• You must circle or box all adverbs.• All comparative forms of words should be in
one color, and superlative forms should be in another color.
• This should be ¾ of a page to 1 page in length.
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Example (just a “snapshot”)
My three pieces of candy are a grape Jolly Rancher, a bag of Skittles, and a Kit Kat bar. In comparing the sweetness of the candy, the Skittle is sweeter than the Kit Kat bar, but the jolly rancher is the sweetest of all. The Skittles are much more colorful than both other candies.