advancements in lightning test services - elite … overview basic lightning concepts indirect...
TRANSCRIPT
Advancements in
Lightning Test Services
Presentation Overview
Basic Lightning
Concepts Indirect Effects Testing
Waveforms
General Test Methods
Elite Testing Capability What’s in place
What’s new
Lightning Test Overview
Standard Lightning Model
Cloud to Ground
Cloud to Cloud
Intra-cloud
Negative Flash
Positive Flash
Complex response
measured on aircraft
Aircraft studies
Lightning is
probabilistic and
variable
Standard Lightning Model
Opposite
Polarity
Charge
Region
Bidirectional Junction Leaders
Originate at Aircraft
Naturally
occurring
leader
originates at
charge region
Negative Lightning Flash Model
Lightning Effects
Direct Effects
(Physical Effects)
Burning, Melting,
Arcing, Blasting,
Puncture
Indirect Effects
(Electromagnetic
Effects)
Aperture Coupling
Structural IR Voltage
Direct Strike Current Waveforms
Multiple Stroke
Multiple Burst
Indirect Current Waveforms(3H)
Indirect Multi-burst Waveform 3H
Aperture Coupling
V Direct Strike
Current
Aperture
Indirect Current Waveforms
Direct Waveform 1
Magnetic fields generated by di/dt of
Waveform 1 produce current and
voltage indirect waveforms
Indirect Waveform 1
Indirect Waveform 2
Indirect Current Waveforms
Indirect Current Waveforms
Waveform 4
Appears on conductors within shields due to the
product of shield current and shield transfer
impedance.
Waveform 5
Long duration waveform appears on cables in
more resistive CFC structures
Injection Methods
Injection Methods
Injection Methods
Elite’s Lightning Testing
How Does Elite Perform the Test
Our present capabilities
What’s new
Elite Test Levels DO-160E
Pin Injection
RTCA DO 160E Table 22-2
Waveforms
3 (1MHz) 4 5A/5B
Level Voc/Isc Voc/Isc Voc/Isc
1 100/4 50/10 50/50
2 250/10 124/25 125/125
3 600/24 300/60 300/300
4 1500/60 750/150 750/750
5 3200/128 1600/320 1600/1600
Direct Coupled
Elite Test Levels DO-160E
Cable Single Stroke
RTCA DO 160E Table 22-3
Waveforms
1 2 3 (1&10 MHz) 4 5A/5B
Level VL/I
T V
T/I
L V
T/I
L V
T/I
L V
L/I
T
1 50/100 50/100 100/20 50/100 50/150
2 125/250 125/250 250/50 125/250 125/400
3 300/600 300/600 600/120 300/600 300/1000
4 750/1500 750/1500 1500/300 750/1500 750/2000
5 1600/3200 1600/3200 3200/640 1600/3200 1600/5000
Inductive Coupled
Ground Injection
Elite Test Levels DO-160E
Cable Multiple Stroke RTCA DO 160E Table 22-4
Waveforms
1 2 3 (1&10 MHz) 4 5A/5B
Level VL/I
T V
T/I
L V
T/I
L V
T/I
L V
L/I
T
First (L5) 1600/1600 1600/1600 3200/640 800/1600 640/2000
Subsequent (L5) 800/800 800/800 1600/320 400/800 320/1000
Inductive Coupler
Ground Injection
Elite Test Levels DO-160E
Multiple Burst
RTCA DO 160E Table 22-2
Waveforms
3 (1&10 MHz)
Level VT/I
L
1 60/1
2 150/2.5
3 360/6
4 900/15
5 1920/32
Inductive Coupled
Elite’s Lightning Testing
Commercially Available Equipment
Modify Existing Haefely Equipment
Many Different Requirements
Flexibility
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
DO160 Basic Unit
Solid state switches and a 10,000V,
100kVA high voltage supply to
produce the Single Stroke and Multiple
Stroke pulses.
The Multiple Stroke triggering patterns
are produced with a Lecroy or Agilent
arbitrary function generator.
Waveform Plug-In. Resistive, inductive and capacitive
(RLC) networks.
Elite Built Lightning Generator
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Elite Built Generator Plug in Modules
JSF & F22 Lightning
Cable Single Stroke JSF
Waveforms
1 2 4 5A/5B
Level VL/I
T V
T/I
L V
T/I
L V
L/I
T
1 50/100 50/100 50/100 50/150
2 125/250 125/250 125/250 125/400
3 300/600 300/600 300/600 300/1000
4 750/1500 750/1500 750/1500 750/2000
5 1600/3200 1600/3200 1600/3200 1600/5000
Inductive Coupled
Ground Injection
F22 SS, MS, Burst
Burst - 0.2 x 4usec Voltage Pulse
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Transient
Generator
Oscilloscope
Current
Monitoring Probe
Test Item
100x Voltage
Monitoring Probe
Typical Cable Injection Lightning Induced Transient Setup
LISNs
To Support
Equipment3.3 Meter
Interconnecting
Bundles
5 cm 5 cm
1 Meter Power Leads
Secondary
Voltage Loop
Transient
Injection Probe
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Oscilloscope
Current
Monitoring Probe
Test Item
100x Voltage
Monitoring Probe
Typical Multiple Burst Cable Injection Lightning Induced Transient Setup
LISNs
To Support
Equipment3.3 Meter
Interconnecting
Bundles
5 cm 5 cm
1 Meter Power Leads
Secondary
Voltage Loop
Arbitrary
Waveform
Generator
Amplifier
Transient
Injection Probe
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Elite’s Lightning Equipment
Elite Electronic Engineering has a vast number of coupling probes from many manufacturers.
The probes are made of materials, such as oriented silicon steel and various permeability ferrites.
Through extensive experimentation, each probe has been matched to the generator for producing the best possible waveform.
Large cables can be accommodated with larger opening probes.
Elite’s Specialty Lightning Equipment
What’s Next
Higher Amplitudes
Waveform 6H?
Automation
Elite’s Lightning Test Capability
Summary
DO-160E
Single Stroke, Multi-Stroke, Multi-Burst
Waveforms 1-5, Levels 1-5
MIL-461E
CS-115, 116
JSF
Combination Waveform 1&2, 4&5A
Specialty Pulse Requirements
Elite’s Lightning Test Capability
Reference
SAE ARP 5412/13/14/15/16
RTCA DO-160E