advertising 25.1.11
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• We are, on average, subjected to at least 600 advertisement per day (Clow and Baack (2004))
• And this figure is increasing as a result of an ever-expanding variety of media.
• Advertising does not have to be expensive, but such as television and national printed media are likely to be beyond our budgets.
(Masterman and Wood 2010)
Advertising
• Advertising is just one component of an intergrated marketing communications, one of pormotional tools available.
• Advertising is all too frequently misunderstood to represent all promotional activity.
• Sometimes advertising and publicity are confused• Publicity is subject to editorial alteration and modification
• Distinction between advertising and sales promotion(Masterman and Wood 2010)
Role of advertising
• The use of advertising that drives customers to websites, where further and greater information can be delivered is perceived as being an effective and efficient way to spend an event advertising budget.
(Masterman and Wood 2010)
Role of advertising
• The Results of advertising show that it can positively affect awareness, attention, interest, perception, opinion, attitudes and sales.
• The Advertising works. It can communicate, at least often enough, with target markets and persuade them to revise their beliefs more positively and then act accordingly.
(Masterman and Wood 2010)
Does advertising make any sense?
• We try to erase problems concerning recognizability!
• We try to solve problems concerning our image!
• The ultimate aim for advertising is to stimulate sales and increase profits (Jobber 1998)
Why do we advertise?
• Cognitive level
• Informational or rationalized arguments, statement of superiority, comparisons
• Affective level
• Emotional messages, experienceses, feelings
• Conative
• Actions, behaviour
Levels of effects in Advertising
• Increase knowledge• Change attitude• Persuade to buy• Sales increase as a result of advertising that
creates strong differentiated brands (Jones, 1995)(Masterman and Wood 2010)
How advertising works?
MarkkinointiviestintäElaboration Likelihood Model
What is said?
How it is said?
Opinnion Opinnion
What is the most important?
Esityskalvot, Versio 0.2© Humanistinen ammattikorkeakoulu
Esityskalvot, Versio 0.2© Humanistinen ammattikorkeakoulu
Esityskalvot, Versio 0.2© Humanistinen ammattikorkeakoulu
Esityskalvot, Versio 0.2© Humanistinen ammattikorkeakoulu
Individual passes through stages of
• Awareness
• Interest
• Desire
• Action
• Opponents maintain that advertising does not convert but rather reinforces values, maintains brands and defends market share
(Ehrenberg…2000)
The hierarchy of effects
• Awareness
• Comprehension
• Conviction
• Action
The Other hierarchy of effests, DAGMAR-model
• Awareness
• Knowledge
• Liking
• Preference
• Conviction
• Purchase
The Other hierarchy of effests, Ladvidge-Steiner-model
• The primary role of advertising is longer-term brand building.
• Develop market position and competive advantage.
• Correcting misconseptions hold by customers.• To persuade customers by including testimonials.
Building brand image
• High involment, big significance when purchasing. The involment could static or temporarily.
• Rational
• Functional
• Emotinal
• Low involment, no significance when purchasing.
The Levels of involment
• Awareness is pre-condition of purchase for customers
• Awareness for partners, such as sponsors
Creating awareness
• Once brand equity and a clear market position have been achieved, it is important to reinforce that awareness.
• To remind customers
Awareness reinforcement
• To encourage action• You’ll never know until you try• It had to be tried before it could be judged
Stimulating action
• Relevance
• Humor
• Creativity
• Clearness and simplicity
The Features of good advertising
• Misconceptions of advertising
• To get bored with advertising
• Mistrust or to get angry in advertising
The Reasons of misunderstanding in advertising
Ethics in Advertising•The Council of Ethics in Advertising issues statements on whether or not an advertisement or advertising practice is ethically acceptable.• The Council mainly deals with requests from consumers and with issues that are deemed to have public significance. •The consumers may request the Council to give a statement of a certain advertisement.
The Council of Ethics in Advertising
lehtori Kari Keuru, Versio 0.2© Humanistinen ammattikorkeakoulu