african carbon trust-the role of policy in creating green jobs

8/14/2019 African Carbon Trust-The Role of Policy in Creating Green Jobs

1/36

APRESENTATIONON

in

SAs

renewable

energy

sector

FORTHESACITIESNETWORK

By

AlexisScholtz

CapeTown,8Oct2009


2/36

Never

before

has

humanity

faced

suchachallengingoutlook.

Thiscanbesummedupinfivewords:

moreenergy,lesscarbondioxidetheroughguidetoclimatechange

Lockett&Milton


3/36

CONTEXTWhat challenges do we face?

We can not proceed on a business-as-usual basis

Current economic activity has lead to a depletion of natural resources and its

outputs have hampered our ecosystems ability to self regulate itself

mate c ange w ave a negat ve mpact on o s n certa n sectors as oss ue

dependency decreases

Governments, as well as the private sector must play a key role in changing from

Changes in the decisions, practices and behaviors of millions of managers, workers

and consumers are needed

The develo ed world has embarked on a ra id scalin u of reen technolo ies

Low-income countries face a second technology gap

Energy poverty in South Africa will deepen

Will see more societal conflict in the competition to secure scarce natural resources

Face compliance and regulatory risk


4/36

WHATIS

THE

GREEN

ECONOMY

creates decent, well-paying jobsUNEP, 2008

It is an economy that protects the environment and creates jobs that

cannot be outsourced overseas...they would require the local workforce,

building wind turbinesGreen Building Handbook for South Africa

.


5/36

DEFINITIONOF

GREEN

JOBS

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines green jobs as:

as work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development (R&D),

administrative and service activities that contribute substantiall to

preserving or restoring environmental quality


6/36

DEFINITION

OF

GREEN

JOBSThe International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines green jobs as:


administrative and service activities that contribute substantiall to

preserving or restoring environmental quality. Specifically, but not

exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and

biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption


7/36

DEFINITION

OF

GREEN

JOBS

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines green jobs as:


,

preserving or restoring environmental quality. Specifically, but not

exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and

biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through

high efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or

altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution


8/36

GREEN

AND

DECENT

JOBSDecent work principles

o er a equa e wages

safe working conditions

job security

reasonable career prospects

worker rights

Decent Work has four illars:

the creation of more and better jobs, the extension of social protection, respect for fundamental principles and rights at work, and

t e promot on o soc a a ogue

Peo les livelihoods and sense of di nit are bound u ti htl with their obs IOL, Green Jobs


9/36

HOWTOBENCHMARKGREEN

Definitive, clear and guiding policy:

Define what South Africa regards as a green jobo challenge of addressing poverty alleviation and economic

of resources

Data collection and reporting

Monitoring and evaluation


10/36

TYPES

OF

GREEN

JOBS

ble EnergyEfficiency

onRen

ew

WasteManagement

Consulting

EnvironmentalResourceManagement

BuiltEnvironment

ble

Wind

Solar

Renew Biofuels

Solar

Geothermal

Wave

IndirectDirect


11/36

TYPES

OF

GREEN

JOBS

ble EnergyEfficiency

onRen

ew

WasteManagement

Consulting

EnvironmentalResourceManagement

awindturbine

ries)

windfarm

ble

Wind

Solar

io

nofsteeltocreate

(

supplierindust

erateandmaintaina

Renew Biofuels

Solar

Geothermal

Wave

Provi

Op

IndirectDirect


12/36

Considerthefollowingheadlinestaken

fromCapebasednewspapers.


13/36

3

Weeks

of

News

Headlines

June July25th 2nd 9th 16th17th

Sea is too warm for the shoals - 2009-06-17

The run every winter is when millions of the fish, in schools up to 20km long, move north witha cool current of water. Moving with them, dolphins feast on "baitballs" of sardines which theyer rom e ma n o y o s . anne s p unge rom e s y, na ng s me res un er

water, while sharks attack the baitballs from below.

As it is, the sardines are a little late as the water, at about 21C, is too warm. The sardinesprefer a temperature of about 19C.


14/36

3

Weeks

of

News

Headlines


Thick snow traps bus passengers - 2009-06-26

Numerous roads and passes around the Eastern Cape were closed due to snow and ice onthe roads on Friday. Kumbaca said the Boesmanshoek pass on the R397 was closed due to

c snow. e apa s erg pass e ween raa - e ne an ra oc an e oo s ergpass between Graaff-Reinet and Middleburg were closed due to thick ice on the roads'surfaces.


15/36

3

Weeks

of

News

Headlines

June July25th 2nd 9th 16th1st

Mother City could face water shortage by 2012 -2009-07-01

How long will Cape Town's water supplies last? It depends on which level of government you


16/36

3

Weeks

of

News

Headlines


Firefighters battle Simonsberg blaze - 2009-07-08

Firefighters were battling a fire on the slopes of the Simonsberg mountains, above theBoschendal estate just outside Stellenbosch, on Wednesday night. nor -eas er y w n , a ong w e mo s ure con en n e vege a on, a ensure espread of the fire was limited from its initial six square kilometres, said Josias.


17/36

3

Weeks

of

News

Headlines

June July25th 2nd 9th 16th

Weather forecasters warn of drought risk - 2009-07-09

South Africa could be in for a drought, with a "fairly high probability" of El Nino conditions inthe next six months.There was a 50 percent chance of an El Nino event in the next sixmon s a eas , sa , ase on n orma on rom e n erna ona esearc ns u efor Climate and Society, the Climate Prediction Centre, both in the United States, and its ownmodel.


18/36

3WeeksofNewsHeadlines


Bad weather causes havoc in Cape Town - 2009-07-13

Hundreds of residents, most in informal settlements, had to be evacuated as heavy showerscaused chaos throughout Cape Town, flooding homes and roads as rivers and streams bursts an s.


19/36



Cape of storms lives up to its name - 2009-07-14

Hundreds of shack dwellers in parts of the city spent yesterday dredging up water and mud

from their homes while others were grateful they had been spared from torrential rains.


20/36



Break in rain gives saturated Cape relief - 2009-07-14

"About 63 informal settlements have been affected,"About 20 000 people are being givenshelter and hot meals by relief agencies. At the moment roadways are being cleared of debris

.


21/36



Mossel Bay also restricts water use - 2009-07-14

MOSSEL Bay has joined the other major Garden Route centres in imposing water restrictions

as the drought in the Southern Cape continues unabated.

The council yesterday imposed restrictions with immediate effect because of concern aboutthe levels of its reservoirs and the low rainfall so far this winter, said municipal spokesmanHarry Hill.


22/36


June July25th 2nd 9th 16th

Touw River pollution could sink water sport2009-07-16

RESIDENTS of Hoekwil near Wilderness have raised serious concerns about watercon am na on n e ouw ver, w c cou resu n ness an a poss e an on wa ersports on the estuary.


23/36

Weknowthattheseextremeeventsare

causedbychangestoourclimateasa

resu o ncrease em ss ons.

,


24/36

THISISWHAT

The Western Cape Provincial

Governments policy on climate

change says that the province willexperience:

1Cby2050

possibleincreaseinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeevents

temperaturesandincreasedwindvelocity)

reducedrainfallinthewesternpartsoftheWesternCape

decreasedwaterresources

reducedsoilmoisturefromanincreaseintemperature

coupledwithadecreaseinaverageprecipitation

temperatureimpactsoncropactivities cropburn,drought,pestsandmicrobesresultinginyieldreductions,

an osso rura ve oo s.


25/36

ROLE

OF

POLICYGovernment policies remain indispensable.

Overall goal- and standard-setting beyond the time horizons typical inthe private sector

Creating and maintaining a level playing field for all actors.

Policies should focus on: ecosystems conservation

clean, efficient technology

renewable energy

chemical and waste management biodiversity based business as well as sustainable cities

buildin s, construction and trans ort


26/36

POLICY

TOOLSSubsidies Phase out subsidies for environmentally harmful industries, shift a

portion or all of funds to renewable energy, efficiency, , .

Tax Reform Scale up eco-taxes and replicate as widely as possible. Eco-taxrevenues can be used to lighten the tax burden falling on labour

-activities.

Targets and Mandates Ensure that robust regulatory tools are used to drive, , -green employment.

Energy Alternatives Adopt innovative policies to overcome barriers to- ,

access to the electrical grid at guaranteed prices.


27/36

POLICY

TOOLS(CONT)

Carbon Markets Fix the current shortcomings inherent in carbon trading andKyoto Protocol - related innovations e.g. the Clean

and adequate funding sources for green projects andemployment

Eco-labelling Adopt eco-labels for all consumer products to ensure that

consumers have access to information needed for

to design and market more sustainable products)

R&D Budgets Reduce support for nuclear power and fossil fuels and

technologies. e.g. Rizhao


28/36

FUNCTIONSOFALOCAL

The Constitution states in section 152

to provide democratic and accountable government for localcommunities;

manner;

to promote social and economic development;

to encourage the involvement of communities and communityorganisations in the matters of local government.

mun c pa y mus s r ve, w n s nanc a an a m n s ra ve capac y, oachieve the objects set out in subsection (1)


29/36

CONSTITUTIONAL

The following local government functions are set out in Schedule 4 of theConstitution:

* Air pollution

* Building regulations

*

* Municipal public works only in respect ofthe needs of municipalities in the dischargeof their responsibilities to administer

* Electricity and gas reticulation

* Firefighting services

*

under this Constitution or any other law

* Pontoons, ferries, jetties, piers and

harbors, excluding the regulation of

* Municipal airports

* Municipal planning

*

international and national shipping andmatters related thereto

* Storm water management systems in built-u areas

* Municipal public transport * Trading regulations

* Water and sanitation services limited topotable water supply systems anddomestic waste-water and sewage disposalsystems


30/36

TYPESOFGREENJOBS

Monitoring & Evaluation, Public Transport, Carbon Capture and storage, Biofuel from waste dumps, Research andDevelopment

Policies: Reporting policies, Standards bodies, Investment policies in R&D, Regulatory

Energy efficiency advisors - eg Indalo Yethu programme, Installation, SWH and PV manufacturers, Electricians Policies: Regulatory e.g. SWH by-law, Tax incentives, Tax penalties, Carbon Credits, Education, skills training and R&D

investmentBuilding Regulations

Air Pollution

, , Policies: regulatory, R&D Investment, incentives, skills training bodies

Fire Fighting Service

Planners, relief and rehabilitation managers and crew Policies: communication, disaster mitigation policies, interventions that are also adaptation policies, youth development

Electricity & GasReticulation

Fairtrade tourism operators and consultants, green procurement jobs, communication, Policies: procurement policies, incentives - eco-tourism, regulatory eg reporting, Investment,,, Biodiversity, Resource

management

Planners, managers, teams

Local Tourism

Municipal Planning , , ,

Public Works

Expanded Public Works Programme - working with energy Regulatory, Investment, R&D, Education and skills training

Sanitation and Water Water quality coordinator, grey water reuse system technician, ecological design specialists, biolytics filter on brown water. Policies: regulatory, product standards, skills training, targets. penalties, incentives


31/36

SAGOVERNMENTSRESPONSE

Government says green jobs have been given priority in the so-calledFramework for South Africas Response to the International Economic Crisis

Framework says develop capacity in new green technologies and industriesand that this should be backed by incentives for investment in programmes

National Treasury is interrogating a range of instruments that could yield theso-called double dividend of enhanced revenue collection and behavioural

Details are sketchy though, and no explicit policies or practicalimplementations have emerged. Gap for municipalities to takeresponsibilities, push the agenda, lobby for budget to implement the kind of

policies weve just discussed.


32/36

RIZHAO sunshinecity

Coastal city of 3 million

ma c ty, w t ow per cap ta ncomes

Households in central city - 99% SWH PVs power most traffic controls, street lights and public space lighting

Suburbs - 30% SWH, 6000+ use solar to cook

60 000 greenhouses heated with PVs

SWH = 0.5 MW of grid-powered water heaters

Water heating and hot water in schools - wall hanged PVs (10 years)

Cost of a SWH = to that of electric WH ($190)

Save $120 a year


33/36

RIZHAO sunshinecity

Results:

Reduced use of coal

Top 10 Chinese cities for air quality

State Environmental Protection Agency - Environmental Protection Model

City

Foreign direct investment, environment a key attraction factor

our s n us ry oom ng

National pride - host sports events

-

institutions


34/36

RIZHAO sunshinecity

The role of policy:

1) encourages solar energy use

2 nanc a y supports & n n ustry

Other factors:

1) Local solar panel industries took advantage of govt policy, productimprovement

2) Strong political will in citys leadership to adopt policy


35/36

WAYFORWARD suggestions

the policy that is missing or fails to translate into action with regards to

renewables is one that relates to real service delivery with accountability

Fast-track conversations regarding how

Think and talk about green economic transformation as opportunity

Inter-departmental communication Progressive, aggressive policies

Ramp up R&D

Hire technicians and people with technical experience

Involve stakeholders

Education and awareness


36/36

QUESTIONSANDANSWERS

Contact details:

Alexis Scholtz

Telephone: 021 465 9966

[email protected]

Nils Flaatten

Mobile: 082 409 2020

[email protected]

www.africancarbontrust.org

Board of Trustees Richard Calland (Chairperson) Mike Freedman Ravi Naidoo Coleen VogelNon-Profit Organisation Number: 069662

african carbon trust-the role of policy in creating green jobs

Documents