AGE OF INDUSTRY

ESSENTIAL QUESTION

• How do people live before changing lifestyles in an Age of Industry?

SUBSISTENCE FARMING

• People harvested only what they needed.• COMMONS- people often shared land.

LABOR INTENSIVE

• Most people worked every day of the week.

HIGH INFANT MORTALITY

• Many babies died before one year old.• Led to low life expectancy.

DOMESTIC SYSTEM

• People usually worked out of their homes.• ARTISANS- those with special skills.• Ex: SMITHS- worked with metals.• TANNERS- made leather.• TAILORS- made clothes.

COAL MINES

• One of few non-farming jobs available.

ESSENTIAL QUESTION

• What new technology led to a change of lifestyles?

STEEL PLOW

• Better tool used to help plant crops.• WHY IMPORTANT- less need for farm workers.

COTTON GIN

• Could easily separate the seeds.• Led to more slave labor.

SPINNING JENNY

• Could mass produce cloth.• WHY IMPORTANT- needed workers

STEAM ENGINE

• Could power machines.• WHY IMPORTANT- led to factories.

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

• Shift from farming to manufacturing.• DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFT- most of world lives in

urban areas rather than rural areas.

ESSENTIAL QUESTION

• How did the Industrial Revolution change the science of Economics?

CAPITAL

• Money, machines, natural resources and labor needed to start a business.

ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT

• Property no longer shared (commons) but instead is fenced off.

ASSEMBLY LINE

• Product come down conveyor belt, workers add to it.

• EXAMPLE: Henry Ford’s automobile factory.

DIVISION OF LABOR

• Each worker only has to know one part.• WHY IMPORTANT: Factory owners can hire

unskilled labor.

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS

• Any part can fit on any machine on the assembly line.

FACTORY SYSTEM

• Most people leave home to go to work.• Opposite of domestic system.