ຜນການສກສາເບອງຕນຝນເຫອງ ແລະຢາຂາຫຽາ

Agent Orange and Herbicide

ສະເໜ ໂດຍດຣ. ດາຣງ ພມດວງສ

ທປກສາອາວດໂສດານສງແວດລອມປະຈາພາກເຫນອ

ໂຄງການສາງຄວາມເຂມແຂງຮອບດານໃນການຄມຄອງສງແວດລອມ

Email: sudamrong.sem2@gmail.com or sudamrong.laos@yahoo.com

SEM II/Swedish International Development Agency

ຈດປະສງ ແລະເຕກນກສາງເອກກະສານຈດປະສງ:• ເພອເຮດໃຫສງຄມລາວ ໃນພາກລດ ແລະເອກກະຊນ ໂດຍສະເພາະປະຊາຊນ

ຜທາການຜະລດ ເຂາໃຈ ແລະເຫນໄດໃພອນຕະລາຍ ແລະຜນກະທບຂອງການໃຊສານເຄມ ຂາຫຽາ ໃນໄລຍະສນ ແລະຍາວ

• ພອມດຽວກນນກໃຫຮບຮໄດສະພາບການຕສ ໃນສາກນ ກຽວກບຜນກະທບຂອງການໃຊສານເຄມອນຕະລາຍໃນເມອກອນ.

ເຕກນກສາງເອກກະສານ:• ເອກກະສານ ມທງໝດ 7 ສານວນ ໄດແປເປນ ພາສາລາວ ແລະຮກສາສານວນເດມ ພາສາ

ອງກດ ແລະສດເຄມໃວເຊນ: 1. ຝນເຫອງ ແລະຢາຂາຫຽາ2. ສານເຄມຂາຫຽາທອນຕະລາຍ ແລະການນາໃຊທຜດວທ.3. ສານເຄມ2,4-D ແລະຜນຂາງຄຽງ.4. ສານເຄມ ຂາຫຽາ Glyphosate ແລະ ຜນຂາງຄຽງ5. ສານເຄມ ຂາຫຽາ Paraquat ແລະ ຜນຂາງຄຽງ6. ການຄວບຄມວດສະພດແບບປະສມປະສານ.7. ທາງເລອກໃໝໃນກະສກາປອດສານພດ ແລະກະສກາອນຊ

ບອນອງ: ສະຖານບນຄນຄວResearch Institutes

• International Labor Organization (ILO), Switzerland

• International Union Food Commercial Worker

(IUFCW), Switzerland.

• Environment Protection Agency, USA.

• United State Drug Agriculture (USDA), USA.

ບອນອງ: ສະຖານບນຄນຄວResearch Institutes

• Member of International Union Food Commercial

Worker (IUFCW), Switzerland since 1984.

Local 203 San Francisco, California, USA

• University of Berkley of California, USA

Food science and Technology

Outline1. What is Agent Orange? ຝນເຫອງແມນຫຽງ?2. How many people were exposed to Agent Orange? ມຄນຫາຍປານໃດຖກຝນເຫອງ?3. How did Agent Orange get it’ name? ຄາວາຝນເຫອງແມນມາຈາກໃສ?4. Why was Agent Orange used despite the dangers? ເປນຫຽງຝນເຫອງຈງເປນອນຕະລາຍຮາຍແຮງ?5. Where was Agent Orange sprayed? ຝນເຫອງໃດຊດ/ວານລງໃສແດ?6. What types of Agent Orange side effects have been experienced? ປະສບການຜນຄາງຄຽງຂອງ

ຝນເຫອງເປນແນວໃດ?7. The Fifteen Herbicides Used in Vietnam. ມຝນເຫອງ 15 ຊະນດໃຊໃນສງຄາມຫວຽດນາມ8. What is Dioxin ? ສານໄດອກຊນແມນຫຽງ?9. How is Dioxin worked? ສານໄດອກຊດອອກລດແນວໃດ?10. What did the recent Columbia University study find? ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ Columbia ຄນພບຫຽງ?11. Why haven’t many Vietnam veterans received compensation for the deadly illnesses? ມນກຮບ

ເກາຫວຽດນາມຫາຍປານໃດທໄດຮບການຊດເຊຍຈາກການເຈບປວຍ ແລະເສຽຊວດ?12. What was the Agent Orange class action lawsuit settlement? ການຕສທາງຄະດຝນເຫອງໄດຕດ

ສນແນວໃດ?13. How many people received compensation under the settlement? ມຈກຄນໄດຮບການຊດເຊຍ?14. What can I do if I have suffered serious Agent Orange side effects? ຂອຍຈະເຮດແນວໃດ ເມອ

ຂອຍເຈບປວຍຍອນຖກຝນເຫອງ?15. US pledges aid for Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam Saturday, February 10, 2007 ສະຫະລດ

ໃຫສນຍາວາຈະຊວຍເຫອ ກາຈດຝນເຫອງໃນ ສສ ຫວຽດນາມ, ກມພາ 10, 2007

1- What is Agent Orange?

ຝນເຫອງແມນຫຽງ?

• Agent Orange is the name given to an herbicide containing the most toxic

dioxin. Developed to kill weeds in the 1940s, Agent Orange was thought to

be an effective military aid during the Vietnam War. The use of Agent Orange

eliminated the large amount of vegetation that could be used for the enemy

to hide in.

• ຝນເຫອງ ແມນສານເຄມຂາຫຽາ ທບນຈ ສານໄດອອກຊນ ທເປນພດທສດ. ສານດງກາວໄດຄນຄວມາເພອທາລາຍວດສະພດ ແລະຊວນາໆພນໃນຊມປ 1940, ສານເຄມດງກາວສະຫະລດ ໄດນາໃຊໃນສງຄາມຫວຽດນາມ ເພອທາລາຍຊວະນາໆພນ ເປນຈານວນມະຫາສານ ແລະທເຊອວາເປນບອນລຊອນ ແລະແຫງຜະລດທນຍາຫານຂອງຝາຍກງກນຂາມ.

2- How did Agent Orange get it’ name?

ຄາວາຝນເຫອງ ແມນມາຈາກໃສ?

• The name Agent Orange was due to the color-

coded bands used on the products when

shipped. There were other color-coded

herbicides used in Vietnam as well.• ຄາວາຝນເຫອງ ແມນອງຕາມສສະຫາກຕດຖງຜະລດຕະພນຂອງຜສງ

ອອກ. ແລະເຊນດຽວກບສານເຄມຂາຫຽາອນທໃຊໃນສງຄາມຫວຽດນາມທເອນຕາມສສະຫາກພະຊານະບນຈ

3- How many people were exposed to Agent Orange?

ມປະຊາຊນຈານວນເທາໃດທໄດຮບຜນກະທບຈາກຝນເຫອງ

• Agent Orange has affected up to 2.6 million Vietnam veterans. This figure does not include the children of Agent Orange exposed Vietnam veterans that has been observed to affect up to third generation children. An April 2003 study performed by Columbia University that sought to re-examine military records of the Vietnam War found that about 21 million gallons of herbicides were sprayed from 1961-1971, adding up to 1.84 million gallons. This figure was 10% greater than previously believed, and over half of the herbicides sprayed were Agent Orange.

• ຝນເຫອງມຜນກະທບໃນທາງລບໂດຍກງຕນກລບເກາຫຽວດນາມ ເຖງ 2.6 ລານຄນ. ຕວເລກນບໄດລວມເອາຈານວນເດກຫຽວດນາມທໄດຮບຜນກະທບນ ເຖງ 3 ຊວຄນ. ໃນ ເດອນມາສາ 2003 ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ ໂຄລມເບຽ ໄດສະຫບ ຜນການສະຫບຜນການສກສາ ການນາໃຊຢາຂາ ໃນຊມປ 1961-1971 ມປະມານ 21 ລານ ກາລອນ ຫ ປະມານ 84 ລານລດ ແຕຜນການສກສາຕວຈງພບວາ ເພມຂນຕມ 1.84 ລານ ກາລອນ ຫ 7.36 ລານລດ ຫທງໝດ ແມນ 22.84 ລານກາລອນ ຫ91.35 ລານລດ. ຫ ກວາຂມນ ເດມ 10%

4- Why was Agent Orange used despite the dangers?ເປນຫຽງຝນເຫອງ ຈງເປນອນຕະລາຍ?

• There were laboratory studies in 1969 that identified Agent Orange exposure could lead to birth defects. After finding this, Agent Orange was removed but not until two years later. By then, Agent Orange was used to help destroy around 5 million acres of forest, many of which still remain unrestored to date. The 2.6 million Vietnam veterans had already endured exposure to the deadly herbicide that continues to greatly affect many

people today.• ຈາກຜນຂອງການສກສາ ຂອງຫອງທດລອງ ໃນປ 1969 ໄດຊໃຫເຫນວາ ຜທໄດ

ຮບຝນເຫອງ ມຜນພາໃຫເກດລລກ. ຫງຈາກຄນພບບນຫາດງກາວນ ໃນ 2 ປ ຕມາ ການກາຈດຝນເຫອງຈງໄດຖກຈດຕງປະຕບດ. ໃນສະໄໝສງຄາມຫຽວດນາມຝນເຫອງຖກນາໃຊເພອທາລາຍປາໄມ ແລະຊວະນາໆພນ ປະມານ 5 ລານ ເອເຄຫ ປະມານ 2,023,428.21 ຮຕ ແລະເນອທເປນຈານວນຫວງຫາຍໄດບສາມາດຟນຟໄດ. ນກລບຫຽວດນາມ 2.6 ລານຄນ ໄດຮບຜນກະທບໄລຍະຍາວຈາກຢາຂາຫຽາທຮາຍກາດນ ແລະຍງສບຕເພມຈານວນຂນຢາງຫວງຫາຍໃນຄນລນຕໄປ.

5- Where was Agent Orange sprayed?ຝນເຫອງຊດພນໃສ ບອນໃດແດ ເວລາໃດ? ເຂດສງຄາມລາວຫຽວດນາມ

ແລະກາພເຈຽເວລາໃດ?

ເຂດສງຄາມອນໂດຈນລາວ-ຫຽວດນາມ-ກາພເຈຽ ໂດຍສະເພາະ ເສນ

ຂະໜານທ 17 ກະລນນາເບງແຜນທ

ເສນທາງໂຮຈມນ Ho chi minh Trails

Aero photo Ho chi minh Trails

A G E N T O R A N G E & O T H E R D E F O L I A N T S

The United States Begins Use of Defoliants Jan. 12, 1962

The United States Begins Use of

Defoliants Jan. 12, 1962

A UH-1D helicopter from the 336th Aviation Company

sprays a defoliation agent on a dense jungle area in the

Mekong Delta. 26 July 1969/National Archives

photograph.

Agent Orange was intended to defoliate the jungle

Hochiminh Trails impacted by

Herbicide

12- What types of Agent Orange side

effects have been experienced?In 1993, the National Academy of Sciences issued a report linking Agent

Orange to multiple myeloma and other conditions. As more Agent Orange

studies were performed more illnesses were linked to the herbicide. The

potentially deadly Agent Orange side effects recognized by the Veteran Affairs

include:

• Prostate Cancer ມະເລງ ຖງນາເຊອສບພນ• Respiratory Cancers ມະເລງລະບບຫາຍໃຫ• Multiple Myeloma ເກດມເນອງອກໃນໄຂກະດກ• Type II Diabetes ເບາຫວານປະເພດ II • Hodgkin’s Disease ມະເລງໃນເລອດ• Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma ມະເລງໃນຕອມນາເຫອງ• Soft Tissue Sarcoma ເນອງອກລະຫວາງແພຈລງ• Chloracne ພະຍາດຜວໜງດານ, ບມຄວາມຮສກ• Porphyria Cutanea Tarda ພະຍາດຜດໜງຊະນດໜງ• Peripheral Neuropathy ລະບບປະສາດຖກທາລາຍ• Spinal Bifidia in Vietnam veteran children exposed to Agent Orange ການພດປກກະຕ ແຕກາເນດຂອງເດກເກດໃໝ, ພການແຕກາເນດຍອນຖກຢາຂາຫຽາ

Prostate cancerມະເລງຖງອະສຈ

• Classification and external resources

Micrograph of prostate adenocarcinoma, acinar type, the

most common type of prostate cancer

Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels

Hodgkin lymphoma (1) mixed cellulary typeມະເລງເມດເລອດຂາວ

Chronic lymphocytic leukemiaມະເລງເມອດຂາວ

Classification and external resources

Peripheral blood smear showing CLL cells

Porphyria cutanea tarda on the hands

Chloracne

Victims of Agent Orange/Herbicideເດກຫວຽດນາມຜປະສບເຄາະຮາຍຈາກຝນເຫອງ/ຢາຂາຫຽາ

ພນທກາ ຖກທາລາຍທຫວຽດນາມThe Mutation of DNA

ພນທກາ ຊາວຫວຽດນາມຖກທາລາຍ 4 ລານຄນ(ຂມນ ປ 2009) The Mutation of DNA

ນກລບຫຽວດນາມ ແລະລກຫານທໄດຮບຜນກະທບຈາກຢາຂາຫຽາ ທງໝດ 4 ລານຄນ

Mutation of DNA

Vietnamese veteran Nguyen Thi Thanh of central Quang Tri Province holds her 15-

year-old daughter Nguyen Thuy Linh. Thanh gave birth to a total of eight children, all

of which suffered deformities due to Agent Orange, five of which have died.

Nguyen Thi Thanh ນກລບເກາ

• ນກລບເກາອມລກສາວຂອງນາງອາຍ 15 ປ ຊງແມນ 1 ໃນ 8 ຄນທນາງເກດ, ແຕ 5 ຄນໄດເສຽຊວດ ອນເນອງຈາກລກຂອງນາງໄດຮບຜດຝນເຫອງ ທຖາຍຈາກນາງ ແລະລກໆ ເສຽຊວດແບບທລະມານ

• ນາງ ຫງຽມ ທ ທນ ດາລງຊວດຢພາກກາງຂອງ ແຂວງກວາງຕ ໄດຮບໃຊປະເທດຊາດ ໃນໄລຍະສງຄາມຕານອາເມລກາ ໄດຮບພດຝນເຫອງ ແລະສານພດດງກາວໄດຕກທອດມາເຖງລນລກຂອງນາງ.

ກອງທບສະຫະລດ ໄດນາໃຊສານເຄມປະເພດຢາຂາຫຽາ 15 ຊະນດ ໃນສງຄາມຫວຽດນາມ ໂດຍມລະຫດເອນວາ ຝນ-ສ (ຕາມສສະຫາກ)

The Fifteen Herbicides Used in Vietnam• ຝນສມວງ PURPLE: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5,-T used between 1962 and 1964.• ຝນສຂຽວ GREEN: Contained 2,4,5-T and was used 1962-1964.• ຝນສບວ PINK: Contained 2,4,5-T and was used 1962-1964.• ຝນສສມ ຫ ຝນເຫ ອງ ORANGE: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T used between 1965 and

1970.• ຝນສຂາວ WHITE: A formulation of Picloram and 2,4,-D.• ຝນສຟາ BLUE: Contained cacodylic acid.• ຝນສສມ ຫ ຝນເຫ ອງ II ORANGE II: A formualtion of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T used in 1968 & 1969

(sometimes referred as "Super Orange") • DINOXOL: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,,5-T.• Small quantities were tested in Vietnam between 1962 & 1964.• TRINOXOL: Contained 2,4,5-T. Small quantities tested in Vietnam 1962-1964.• BROMACIL: C9H13BrN2O2

• DIQUAT:C12H12Br2N2

• TANDEX: m-(3,3-Dimethylureido)phenyl-tert-butyl-carbamate

• MONURON:N′-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea/ C9H11ClN2O

• DIURON:Diuron, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-urea (CAS number: 330-54-1),

• DALAPON: C3H4Cl2O2

The Fifteen Herbicides Used in Vietnam

ຢາຂາຫຍາ 15 ຊະນດທໃຊໃນສງຄາມ ອນໂດນຈນ

1. ຝນສມວງ PURPLE: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5,-T used between 1962 and 19642. ຝນສຂຽວ GREEN: Contained 2,4,5-T and was used 1962-1964.3. ຝນສບວ PINK: Contained 2,4,5-T and was used 1962-1964.4. ຝນສສມ ຫ ຝນເຫ ອງ ORANGE: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T used between 1965 and 1970.

5. ຝນສຂາວ WHITE: A formulation of Picloram and 2,4,-D.6. ຝນສຟາ BLUE: Contained cacodylic acid.7. ຝນສສມ ຫ ຝນເຫ ອງ II ORANGE II: A formualtion of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T used in 1968 &

1969 (sometimes referred as "Super Orange") 8. DINOXOL: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,,5-T Small quantities were tested in

Vietnam between 1962 & 1964.9. TRINOXOL: Contained 2,4,5-T. Small quantities tested in Vietnam 1962-1964.10. BROMACIL: C9H13BrN2O211. DIQUAT:C12H12Br2N2 12. TANDEX: m-(3,3-Dimethylureido)phenyl-tert-butyl-carbamate13. MONURON:N′-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea/ C9H11ClN2O14. DIURON:Diuron, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-urea (CAS number: 330-54-1), 15. DALAPON: C3H4Cl2O2

ບນດາຢາຂາຫຍາ (ສານ)ທໃຊໃນສງຄາມອນໂດຈນທບນຈປະລມານສານໄດອອດຊນໃນອດຕາສວນລານ(ppm)

This chart contains a list of the herbicides (agents) used during the Vietnam War, and the amount of TCDD (dioxin)

contamination present in the agents (per the USAF Herb Tapes):

Description ການດລກສະນະ TCDD (Dioxin) Amounts

Agent Orange ຝນເຫອງ 1.77 to 40 ppm

Agent Blue (Purple) ສຟາ 32.8 to 45 ppm

Agent Red (Pink) ສບວ 65.6 ppm

Agent White (Green) ສຂຽວ 65.6 ppm

Silvex ຂາວ 1 to 70 ppm

2,4,5-T (Current) ຝນເຫອງ 0.1 ppm or less

What is Dioxin ? ສານ ໄດອອກຊນ ແມນຫຽງ?

How is Dioxin worked?ສານໄດອກຊນ ມປະຕກລຍາແນວໃດ?

• As far as biologists know, dioxin damages normal physiological functions

by mimicking the way hormones work. This means dioxin penetrates cell

walls and changes DNA so that the DNA sends unpredictable messages.

These messages result in altered production of enzymes and proteins,

rather than their proper regulation by hormones. Scientists do not yet

fully understand the relationship between altered DNA and diseases such

as cancer, but they are concerned about the toxic effects of dioxin in food

supplies, and support continued research.

• ເທາທນກຊວະວທະຍາຮ, ສານ ໄດອອກຊນ (dioxin) ທາລາຍໜາທ ເຮດວຽກປກກະຕ ລະບບສລະສາດ ໂດຍການລຽນແບບ ຂອງການເຮດວຽກຂອງ ຮໂມນ(hormone) . ສານ (dioxin) ແທງທະລເນອຫມແພຈລງ ແລະປຽນແປງ DNAເຮດໃຫ DNA ບສາມາດປະເມນຂມນທຖກຕອງໄດ . ການສງຂມນຜດພາດດງກາວ ເປນຜນໃຫການຜະລດ enzymes and proteins ຜດພາດຈາກການທາໜາທປກກະຕຂອງ (hormone). ນກວທະຍາສາດຍງບເຂາໃຈໝດເທອກຽວກບຜນສບເນອງລະຫວາງ ການປຽນແປງຂອງ DNA ແລະພະຍາດ ເຊນມະເລງ, ແຕເຂາເຈາເປນຫວງ ແລະກງວນ ບນຫາຜນກະທບຂອງສານພດ dioxin ປນເປອນໃນອາຫານ ແລະຍງສບຕການຄນຄວຕໄປ.

What did the recent Columbia University study find?ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ ໂກລໂມເບຽ ພບຫຽງແດ?

• An April 2003 study performed by Columbia University sought to re-

examine military records of the Vietnam War and found that about

21 million gallons of herbicides were sprayed from 1961-1971, adding

up to 1.84 million gallons. This figure was 10% greater than previously

believed, and over half of the herbicides sprayed were Agent Orange.

• ການສກສາຂມນການທະຫານສະຫະລດ ໃນສງຄາມຫຽວດນາມຂອງມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ ໂຄລໂມເບຽ ໃນເປນ 2003 ນນ ແຕກຕາງໄປຈາກການລາຍງານຂອງກອງທບວາ ໄດໃຊຢາຂາຫຽາ ແຕປ 1961-1971 ທງໝດມປະມານ 21 ລານ ກາລອນ ຫ ປະມານ 84 ລານລດ ແຕຜນການສກສາຕວຈງພບວາ ເພມຂນ1ຕມ10% ຫ 1.84 ລານ ກາລອນ ຫ 7.36 ລານລດ ຫທງໝດ ແມນ 22.84 ລານ ກາລອນ ຫ 91.35 ລານລດ. ການຄດໄລນ ແມນເພມຂນຈາກຈານວນແຕກອນ 10% ແລະ ½ ຂອງຢາຂາຫຽາ ແມນ ຝນເຫອງ. (2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T)

Why haven’t many Vietnam veterans received

compensation for the deadly illnesses?ເປນຫຽງ ນກລບເກາຫຽວດນາມ ບໄດຮບການຊດເຊຍຈາກ

ການຜນກະທບໃນຄງນ?

• The 1985 Agent Orange class action lawsuit

settlement did not allow future claims from

being made.

• ໃນປ 1985 ການຕດສນຄະດຂອງສານ ແມນຕດສນສະເພາະກລະນຟອງຮອງທຜານມາ ສວນຄະດທກາລງດາເນນແມນບໄດກຽວຂອງໃນການຕດສນນ.

8- What was the Agent Orange class

action lawsuit settlement?

• In 1979, the largest mass tort class action of its’ time was file with 2.4 million

Vietnam veterans it sought to represent. Little progress was made for the Agent

Orange lawsuit, until October 1983 when Judge Jack Weinstein was assigned to

the Agent Orange lawsuit and it was put on a fast track to settlement. The 1985

out of court Agent Orange class action lawsuit settlement created a $180

million fund to pay those veterans that claimed disease and serious illnesses

from Agent Orange exposure.

• ໃນປ 1979 ເປນປທຜເຄາະຮາຍນກລບເກາ ຫຽວດນາມ ຈານວນມະຫາສານ ປະມານ2.4 ລານຄນ ໄດຟອງຕສານໂລກ. ແຕຄວາມຄບໜາໃນຄະດຟອງການນາໃຊຝນເຫອງໃນໄລຍະນນມພຽງໜອຍດຽວ. ຈນມາຮອດ ເດອນ 10 2003 ໃນໄລຍະ Judge Jack

Weinstein ຖກແຕງຕງເປນຜພພາກສາກຽວກບຄະດຝນເຫອງ ຄະດດງກາວໄດນາເຂາສຂະບວນການພຈາລະນາແບບດວນ ເພອຄະດຍຕລງຢາງຍຕທາ.. ໃນປ 1985 ການຕດສນຄະດການຟອງຮອງການໃຊຝນເຫອງໃນສງຄາມຫຽວດນາມ ໄດຖກຕດສນ ຄດເປນຄາເສຽຫາຍ 180 ລານ ດອນລາ ສະຫະລດ ຊດເຊຍໃຫແກນກຮບເກາຜທຖກຜນກະທບຈາກຜຜະລດສານເຄມດງກາວ.

9- How many people received

compensation under the settlement?

• By 1994, the Agent Orange fund was depleted

with just 50,000 members of the 2.4 total

receiving any money.

• ໃນປ 1994 ກອງທນຝນເຫອງ ໄດບກແຫງໄປ ມພຽງ 50,000 ຄນ ໄດຮບກາຍຊດເຊຍ ໃນຈານວນທງໝດ 2.4 ລານຄນ.

10- Why did the June 9, 2003 Supreme Court vote occur?ເປນຫຽງສານສງສດ ຈງມການລງຄະແນນສຽງຂອງ ໃນ ວນທ 9 ເດອນ 6 2003?

• Under the rigid guidelines of the Agent Orange class action lawsuit

settlement in 1985, a high number of the 2.4 million Vietnam

veterans were not included in the Agent Orange settlement. Since

many of the deadly illnesses associated to Agent Orange exposure

can take 20-30 years to develop, the 1994 time frame outlined in the

settlement agreement did not adequately include those Vietnam

veterans that would later become ill.

• ໃຕການຕດສນຄະດ ກຽວກບຝນເຫອງ ຂອງ 1985, ຊງຍງບທນລວມເອາຈານວນຜເຄາະຮາຍ 2.4 ລານຄນ (ນກລບຫຽວດນາມເກາ). ຫງຈາກນນ ປະກດການເຈບປວຍ ແລະຕາຍໄດສະແດງອອກ ຫງ 20-30ປ ທກຽວພນເຖງຜຖກຝນເຫອງ, ຂຕກລງໃນການຕດສນຄະດ 1994 ນນຍງບທນ ໄດລວມເອາຊາວຫຽວດນາມຜເຄາະຮາຍ ທມອາການເຈບປວຍຫງຈາກນນ.

11- What does the Supreme Court decision mean?ຄວາມໜາຍຂອງການຕດສນຂອງສານສງສດແມນແນວໃດ?

• When the Supreme Court voted and tied, laws state that the

ruling from the previous court that considered the case then

takes effect. This “loophole” has opened the door for a

potentially high number of Agent Orange lawsuits to be filed

against Agent Orange manufacturers.

• ໃນເວລາ ສານສງສດໄດລງຄະແນນ ແລະຜກມດ ຕາມກດໝາຍແຫງລດໃນການຈດຕງປະຕບດຕາມ ລະບຽບການ-ການຕດສນຄະດຜານໆ ມາ ຂອງສານຕອງມຜນສກສດ. ຊອງວາງນ ເປນປະຕແລະມທາອຽງສງໃຫມການຮອງຟອງຕຜຜະລດຝນເຫອງ

13- What announcement did the Department of

Veterans Affairs recently make?

• The Department of Veterans Affairs announced in 2003 that the link to chronic lymphocytic leukemia to Agent Orange exposed Vietnam veterans is so strong that benefits would automatically be given to any new diagnoses of it. There are as many as 1,000 new patients for chronic lymphocytic leukemia alone expected amongst Vietnam veterans.

• ໃນປ 2003 ກະຊວງນກລບເກາສະຫະລດ ໄດແຈງການວາ ຜເປນພະຍາດ ມະເລງເມດເລອດຂາວ ທກຽວຂອງກບຜຖກຝນເຫອງ ຈະໄດຮບການຊດເຊຍ ແບບອດຕະໂນມດຕຜເປນພະຍາດໃໝນ. (ບຈາເປນຟອງຮອງໃຫສານຕດສນອກ) ໃນນນມຄາດວາ ຄນເຈບປວຍຈາກພະຍາດໃໝນ ເພມຂນ ໃນນກລບເກາຫຽວດນາມ ປະມານ1,000 ຄນ.

14- What can I do if I have suffered serious Agent Orange side effects?

ຂອຍສາມາດເຮດຫຽງໄດແດ ຖາຂອຍໄດຮບຜນກະທບຕຝນເຫອງ?• For more information on Agent Orange, including potential

Agent Orange lawsuits, please contact us. For decades since

the Vietnam War has ended Vietnam veterans have continued

to suffer but were unable to collect damages for the deadly

illnesses developed as a result of serving their country. The

June 9, 2003 Supreme Court vote has allowed justice for those

victims of Agent Orange.

• ຕອງການຂມນເພມເຕມ ກະລນນາຕດຕ ພວກເຮາ, ລວມທງທາແຮງໃນການຮອງຟອງ. ໄດຫາຍທດສະວດ ທສງຄາມຫຽວດນາມຍດຕລງແຕຜປະສບເຄາະຮາຍຈາກການໃຊ/ໄດຮບສານເຄມ ຍງສບຕ ເຈບປວຍໄດຮບຄວາມທກທລະມານ ເສຽຊວດ ມາເລອຍໆ ໃນການຮບໃຊປະເທດຊາດຂອງຕນ. ສະນນ ໃນປ 2003 ຄະນະໄອຍະການສານສງສດຈງໄດລງຄະແນນສຽງ ເພອຕດສນຄະດ ຜປະສບເຄາະຮາຍຈາກຝນເຫອງ.

US pledges aid for Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam

Saturday, February 10, 2007

• The US government will give Vietnam US$400,000 (HK$3.12 million) to plan a cleanup at a

former American military base contaminated by the defoliant Agent Orange during the

Vietnam War.

• ລດຖະບານສະຫະລດ ປະກາດຈະໃຫງບປະມານ ປະມານ US$400,000 (HK$3.12 million) ເພອວາງແຜນກາຈດສານພດຝນເຫງສານເຄມຂາຫຽາ ໃນເຂດຖານທບອາເມລກາສະໃໝສງຄາມຫຽວດນາມ.

• The grant marks an important symbolic step forward toward resolving an issue that has long

divided the two former foes, whose relationship has warmed steadily in recent years.

• ເປນນມດອນໃຫຽ ແລະສາຄນ ກາວໄປຂາງໜາ ໃນການແກໄຂບນຫາທຍເຢອ ແລະແບງແຍກ ຂອງສອງຝາຍກງກນຂາມກນ, ຊງໃນປະຈບນ ຖານະການພວພນທງສອງຝາຍດຂນຕາມລາດບ.

• The money will help pay for a US$1 million study of ways to remove the highly toxic chemical

dioxin from soil at a former American base at Danang, one of three Agent Orange hotspots

recognized by the US government. Hanoi and the nonprofit Ford Foundation will also

provide funding.

• ເງນຈານວນນ ປະມານ 1 ລານ ດອນລາສະຫະລດ ຈະໄດຈາຍໃນການສກສາຫາທາງກາຈດສານພດທຮນແຮງ dioxin ອອກຈາກດນ ທເຄຍເປນອະດດຖະທບອາເມລກາ ທ ເມອງ ດານງ ຊງເປນ 1 ໃນ 3 ແຫງທໄດຮບຜນກະທບທຮນແຮງທສດ. ຮາໂນຍ ແລະ ມນນທ Ford Foundation ຈະເປນຜສະໜອງທນ.

US pledges aid for Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam

Saturday, February 10, 2007

• Dioxin is an ingredient of Agent Orange, a herbicide US forces used to

strip away jungle foliage during the war.

• ສານ Dioxin ແມນສານປະກອບຂອງຝນເຫອງ ຫ ສານເຄມຂາຫຽາ ທກອງທບສະຫະລດໃຊທາລາຍປາດງດບ ໃນໄລຍະສງຄາມ.

• "I want to make clear that the United States government understands

the concerns of the government of Vietnam and the Vietnamese

people about the impact of dioxin on the environment and human

health," said US ambassador to Hanoi Michael Marine.

• ທານ ເອກອກຄະລາຊະທດ ອາເມຮກາ ປະຈາກງຮາໂນຍ Michael Marine

ໄດເວາ “ ຂາພະເຈາຢາກແຈງໃຫບນດາທານຊາບວາ; ລດຖະບານສະຫະລດເຂາໃຈ ແລະເປນຫວງຕລດຖະບານຫຽວດນາມ ແລະປະຊາຊນຫຽວດນາມທໄດຮບຜນກະທບຈາກສານພດ dioxin ແລະ ຕສງແວດລອມ ແລະສກຂະພາບຂອງ”

US pledges aid for Agent Orange cleanup in VietnamSaturday, February 10, 2007 (Continue)

• Vietnam says four million people have suffered birth defects or other health problems from

the chemical. The United States says more scientific evidence is needed to determine the link

between Agent Orange and the health of those exposed to dioxin.

• ຊາວຫຽວດນາມ 4 ລານຄນ ທໄດຮບຄວາມທກທລະມານເຊນ: ລລກ ແລະບນຫາສກຂະອນໆ ຕາມມາຈາກຜນກະທບຂອງສານເຄມ. ສະຫະລດອາເມລກາ ເວາວາຕອງຫກຖານທາງດານວທະຍາສາດທສາດມາດວດແທກໄດຕມທເຊອມໂຢງກຽວກບຝນເຫອງ ແລະບນຫາສກຂະພາບທໄດຮບສານ dioxin.

• Marine said the United States has spent more than US$43 million since 1988 to assist

Vietnamese with disabilities, regardless of the cause.

• ທານ Michael Marine ໄດເວາວາ: ສະຫະລດໄດໃຊງບປະມານ ຫາຍກາວ 83 ລານດອນລາ, ຕງແຕປ 1988 ເພອຊວຍເຫອຜພການຊາວຫຽວດນາມ ທໄດຮບຜນກະທບ.

• Le Ke Son, the official in charge of Vietnam's Agent Orange research program, thanked the US

for its contribution, although he estimated that another US$43 million is needed to pay for

dioxin damage in Vietnam.

• Le Ke Son ນກພະງານຮບຜດຊອບ ໂຄງການຄນຄວຜນກະທບຂອງຝນເຫອງຂອງຫຽວດນາມ, ໄດຂອບໃຈໃນການຊວຍເຫອຂອງສະຫະລດງບປະມານທງໝດ43 ລານດອນລາສະຫະລດ ແກປະເທດຫຽວດນາມເພອບລະນະຄວາມເສຽຫາຍຈາກສານ dioxin.

How to find Dioxin in Lao PDRປະຈບນສານ Dioxin ໃນບອນໃດແດໃນຜນແຜນດນ ໃນ

ສສປ ລາວ?ສະໃໝສງຄາມ During war • ສະຫະລດໃນຫວານຝນເຫອງສະໃໝສງຄາມ

ແຂວງຊຽງແຂວງ, ຊາເໜອ, ແຂວງສະຫວນນະເຂດ: ເມອງ ພນ, ເມອງເຊໂປນ, ແຂວງຄາມວນ: ເມອງບວລະພາ ເມອງນາກາຍ, ແຂວງ ສາລະວນ, ອດຕະປແລະແຂວງອນໆ (ຕອງການສກສາຂາມນເພມເຕມ)

ໃນປະຈບນສານເຄມຂາຫຽາມຢໃສແດ? Recently

ປະຈບນສານ Dioxin ໃນບອນໃດແດໃນຜນແຜນດນ ໃນສສປ ລາວ?

ໃນລາຄາຍອມເຍາໃນທອງຕະຫາດທກແຫງໃນປະເທດ

Term of Reference

• References

1. The Pesticide Manual 10th Edition, British Crop Protection Council/Royal Society of Chemistry, 1994.

2. Generic Pesticides-the markets. Agrow report DS100, PJB Publications, Richmond, UK, 1994.

3. Post-emergence herbicides, Agrow report, PJB Publications Ltd, Richmond, UK, 1995.

4. Chemical Regulation Reporter, p 44, Bureau of National Affairs, US, 4 September 1993.

5. Produce Studies, Non agricultural use of pesticides in England and Wales, DoE, November 1996.

6. Pesticide usage survey report 119: Grassland and fodder crops in Great Britain 1993; and Pesticide usage

survey report 115: Orchards and fruit stores in Great Britain 1992, MAFF, 1994.

7. Pesticide usage survey report 100: Review of usage of pesticides in agriculture and horticulture

throughout Great Britain 1984-94, MAFF, 1997.

8. Op cit. 3.

9. International Programme on Chemical Safety, The WHO recommended classification of pesticide by

hazard and guidelines to classification 1996-97.

10. Extoxnet data sheet on 2,4-D, Pesticide Mange-ment Programme, Cornell University, US, 1994.

11. Shearer, Ruth W, Health effects of 2,4-D herbicide, in 2,4-D Information Packet, North West Coalition for

Alternatives to Pesticides, January 1990.

12. Evaluation on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid salts and esters, MAFF, March 1993.

13. Op. cit. 10.

14. Op. cit. 12.