Chapter 19 BAROQUE

What are the key aspects of Baroque style?What location s were influenced the Baroque style ?What areas of creation were also influenced by this style?Who are the main artists of the period? What about Caravaggio makes his work so compelling?What happened in Artemisia Gentileschi’s life that influenced her art?What influence did Rubens work exhibit?

Portuguese term; Barroco meaning irregular, in reference to an imperfect peal

What are the current events of the time?

The Thirty Years War (starts between Catholicism and Protestantism)

1620 Puritans - religious persecution in Europe – (Start New England)

New Divisions in Europe - Protestant Holland with Spain’s control, End of Holy Roman Empire

European powers compete for control in the Americas and the Far East

Development of Sciences – Anatomy, Physics, Astronomy, Philosophy

The Inquisition and Witch hunts

Distinct distinctions of cultural and regional differences- foundation of Nationalism

Characteristics of Baroque Art

Starts in Rome (overlaps some of Mannerism time period)

- Overly emotional- Energetic - Theatrical- Action- Movement- Contrast- Asymmetry- Sharp Angles- Often Allegorical- Extreme LIGHT AND DARK- TENIBRISM or also thought of basement lighting

Map of Europe 1600’s

Basic Characteristics of Baroque Architecture:

-Broad naves occasionally circular forms dramatic use of light, either strong light-and-shade contrasts, chiaroscuro effects ,

or uniform lighting by means of several windows

-Opulent use of ornaments - such as putti made of wood (often gilded), plaster or stucco, marble or faux marbling

-Large scale ceiling frescos

-The external facade is often characterized by a dramatic central projection

-The interior is often no more than a shell for painting and sculpture inside (especially in the late baroque)

-Illusory effects like trompe l'oeil and the blending of painting and architecture

-In some regions, pear domes and onion shaped domes are introduced as start of the style

19.1 Gianlorenzo Bernini , Baldacchino, St. Peter's, Rome, 1624–33.

19.2 Saint Peter's basilica and piazza, Vatican, Rome. Maderno, façade, 1607–26; Gianlorenzo Bernini, piazza design, c. 1656–57

19.4 Francesco Borromini,

façade of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome, 1665–67.

19.8 Claude Perrault, Louis Le Vau, and Charles Le Brun , east façade of the Louvre, Paris, 1667–70.

Versailles France

19.10 Jules Hardouin-Mansart and Charles Le Brun, Galerie des Glaces, palace of Versailles, c. 1680.

19.12 Christopher Wren, St. Paul's Cathedral, London, western façade. 1675–1710.

19.13a Gianlorenzo Bernini, David , 1623

19.15 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Ecstasy of Saint Teresa , Coronaro Chapel, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome, Italy

Bernini, Apollo and Daphne

Bernini, Pluto and Persepina (Hades and Persephone)

19.16 Caravaggio Boy with a Basket of Fruit , c. 1594

19.17 Caravaggio, Calling of Saint Matthew , Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome, 1599–1600

Caravaggio, Bachaus

Caravaggio, Conversion of St. Paul

Caravaggio, The Musicians

19.18 Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes , c. 1614–20.

19.19 Giovanni Battista Gaulli, Triumph of the Name of Jesus , 1676–79

19.20 Peter Paul Rubens , Venus and Adonis , c. 1635.

19.21 Peter Paul Rubens, Raising of the Cross , center panel of triptych, originally for the church of St. Walburgis and now in Antwerp Cathedral, 1610–11.

Peter Paul Rubens,Drawing

19.23 Rembrandt van Rijn, Belshazzar's Feast , c. 1635.

19.24 Rembrandt van Rijn, The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq (known as The Night Watch ), 1642.

http://www.googleartproject.com/galleries/24298052/24292134/24296119/

19.25 Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-Portrait in a Cap, Openmouthed and Staring , Etching1630.

19.27 Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-Portrait as Saint Paul (age fifty-five) , 1661.

19.28 Frans Hals, The Laughing Cavalier , 1624.

Frans Halls, Boy with a Skull (VANITAS PAINTING)

19.29 Judith Leyster, The Last Drop (The Gay Cavalier) (after restoration) , c. 1628–29

19.30 Jan Vermeer , The Geographer , c. 1668

Vermeer, Woman Holding a Balance

Vermeer, Allegory of the Art of Painting

Vermeer, Girl with a Pearl Earring

19.31 Johannes Vermeer, View of Delft (after restoration), c. 1660–61.

19.32 Jacob van Ruisdael , Extensive Landscape with Ruins , 1660s.

19.33 Maria van Oosterwyck, Vanitas Still Life , 1668

19.37 Diego Velázquez , Venus with a Mirror (Rokeby Venus) , c. 1648

19.38 Diego Velázquez, Las Meninas (after cleaning), 1656.

19.39 Nicolas Poussin , Ashes of Phokion , 1648