AI3 IndonesiaActivity Report

AI3@ITB.ac.id

Focus

Existing Implemented Infrastructure.Experience in Building an AII.Low Cost Technology To Educate

Indonesia.

Low cost is the real challenge

Our situation

Develop by UniversityImplemented & Run by Education

Sector

Thanks to AI3, WIDE, JCSAT without whom all of these activities never exists!

Outline

Historical PerspectiveCurrent Infrastructure.Brief overview on our research

results in: physical layer. Network layer. Application layer.

Experience in Internet building

January 1993 - Suryono (Texas) install a packet radio 1200bps to LAPAN.

LAPAN 1200bps to BPPT & Internet 64Kbps.

286 PC as gateway! to connect the whole ITB campus.

Software NOS (running on DOS) as gateway.

Indonesia Topology Jan.1993

LAN

InterNet

Universitas Indonesia

BPPTLAPAN

ITB

1200 bps2 Meteran

1200 bps UHF

1200 bpsUHF

LAN

InterNet

Universitas Indonesia

BPPTLAPAN

ITB

1200 bps2 Meteran

1200 bps UHF

1200 bpsUHF

Amateur Packet Radio AX.25at 1200bps

PC Gateway 286!

Starts from simple equipmentWe grow the community

ITB in 1995

Telkom Leased Line at 14.4KbpsRISTI-Telkom to BPPT 64Kbps.ITB uses FreeBSD (UNIX) as Router &

Server.For the first time ITB sees Web in

Internet.ITB learns to build a campus network

(how to handle the lightning).

Typical ITB Campus Net

Backbone Kampus (Thick Ethernet)

LAN LAN

LAN

PC Router

Server (Novell / UNIX)Server Novell / UNIX

PC Router

Internet

Web Server / DNS PC Gateway

Backbone Kampus (Thick Ethernet)

LAN LAN

LAN

PC Router

Server (Novell / UNIX)Server Novell / UNIX

PC Router

Internet

Web Server / DNS PC Gateway

ITB Today ....

T1 Satelite link to Japan.2Mbps link to Indonesia IX.VSAT TDMA & SCPC to various universities.4Mbps Uwave Jakarta-Bandung.128 Kbps to Jakarta, Surabaya & Malang.WaveLAN 2Mbps for Metropolitan

Area Network (MAN).

ITB Network Operation Center

Internet Exchange

Indonesia ExchangeEthernet

To Japan 1.55Mbps2MbpsIX Telkom

VSAT TDMA128/64Kbps

cache cache router

routerAccess Server

ITBNetwork

router

Jakarta - 4MbpsMalang - 128KbpsSurabaya - 128Kbps

TerrestrialNetwork

VSAT SCPC19.2-64K

JCSAT-3

Palapa C1

CDMA2Mbps

AX.25Packet Radio

Internet Exchange

Indonesia ExchangeEthernet

To Japan 1.55Mbps2MbpsIX Telkom

VSAT TDMA128/64Kbps

cache cache router

routerAccess Server

ITBNetwork

router

Jakarta - 4MbpsMalang - 128KbpsSurabaya - 128Kbps

TerrestrialNetwork

VSAT SCPC19.2-64K

JCSAT-3

Palapa C1

CDMA2Mbps

AX.25Packet Radio

Internet Exchange

Indonesia ExchangeEthernet

To Japan 1.55Mbps2MbpsIX Telkom

VSAT TDMA128/64Kbps

cache cache router

routerAccess Server

ITBNetwork

router

Jakarta - 4MbpsMalang - 128KbpsSurabaya - 128Kbps

TerrestrialNetwork

VSAT SCPC19.2-64K

JCSAT-3

Palapa C1

CDMA2Mbps

AX.25Packet Radio

Connection toIIX via RadNet

7 Universities viaVSAT TDMA

SCPCConnect 3 Universities

Connect to 6 Universities

5 Universities / Research Inst

> 10 educational institutions

Key to Success

Human Resource Development!

Self-financing!Community-base development.

The more peoplethe lower the cost

Involving studentsin the process!Gives incentivesfor education!

National Policy / Activities

AI3 Indonesia has been connecting 27+ educational institutions to Internet.

AI3 Indonesia is becoming a test bed for Indonesia AII.

AI3 Indonesia actives at National NII policy level at http://n21.ac-id.net/

Results in Physical Layer

Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA.VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC Network.Low Cost Access for Schools.Internet Access for Amateur Radio

VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC

VSAT TDMA 128Kbps OutboundVSAT TDMA 64Kbps InboundVSAT TDMA is not suitable for Internet

application (especially Web).Tune TDM for 40 byte (originally

256byte packet).Migrate to VSAT SCPC (min) 19.2Kbps.

Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA

Uses Lucent CDMA 2Mbps card 915MHz 250mW.

Run on FreeBSD.Homebrew antenna (cost ~US$150).Max. distance 15km (use PA for

more).Most of our high speed MAN using this

technology.

Consequences CDMA 2Mbps

bypassing local line.

We promote different alternative for building high speed network.

Homebrew 64-256Kbps packet radio

We are prototyping 64-256Kbps packet radio network in the lab by adnan@itb.ac.id.

AX.25 link layer protocol is used.GMSK MX 589 one chip modem is used.We drive the modem via parallel port.MMIC Minicircuit is being build for

transverter.

Block Diagram

FM Txboard

FM Rxboard

BasebandGMSKmodem

chipMX589

TxCLKTxData

RxCLKRxData

DCD

PTT

DMAInterface

card

PC/Linux

Homebrew 64-200Kbps Modem

TX & RX BoardVHF CB Frequency

Low Cost Access for Schools

AX.25 1200bps Packet Radio Network.

Proxy Server.Dial on Demand for Web &

Interactive Internet Access.

SMU /SMP

Proxy &Dial on Demand

Radio AX.25Packet Radio Gateway

AX.25Network

InterNetSMU /SMP

Proxy &Dial on Demand

Radio AX.25Packet Radio Gateway

AX.25Network

InterNet

IntraNet for High Schools

24 hoursPacket Radio

E-mail

Proxy & Dial-on-Demandfor Web on Demand

Soundblaster Modem

PC running LinuxSoftware Modem Packet Radio for

SoundblasterConnect SB-10 to RadioSpeed 1200-9600bps.

Amateur Radio Network

JakartaBandungMalang

AMPR.ORG NET

ITB AMPR GATEWAY(LINUX)

INTERNET

WORLD WIDEAMPR.ORG

VHF (Bandung)1200 bps

HF (Nasional)1200 bps

BANDUNG VHFAMPR.ORG

YB-NETAMPR.ORG

EN(DOS/NOS)

JAKUT VHF1200 bpsJAKUT UHF

9600 bps

SALATIGA(DOS/NOS)

SALATIGA VHF1200 bps

UMM(DOS/NOS)

MALANG VHF1200 bps

ITB GATEWAY

ELEKTRINDO NUSANTARA

UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAHMALANGYB2SV (JOS SOEJOSO)SALATIGA

Application Layer

TCP

AMPRNet IP (44.x.x.x)

InterNet IP

Link Layer (AX.25)

Physical Layer

Mobile Computing

IPv6 Test Bed Background : The Internet growth caused there is a need for new generation of IP (Internet Protocol) IPv6 Implementation using INRIA Rocquencourt’s IPv6 Implementation which based on FreeBSD (2.2.2-RELEASE and 2.2.5-RELEASE) The participants are : ITB, (Institut Teknologi Bandung), UNPAR (Universitas Parahyangan), and UNILA (Universitas Lampung) Next step :

Expand IPv6 Network in AI3-Indonesia Network Connect to 6Bone Develop IPv6 Applications

ITB

U N P A R

U N ILA

167.205.48.39

167.205.22.6

167.205.48.35

AntenaBridge

AntenaBridge

W aveLAN

Modem

Modem

Jam us

Reachability

IPv6 # ping6 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5trying to get source for 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5source should be 5f12:bc00:a7cd:1600:0:ffff:0:1PING 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5

(5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5): 56 data bytes64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=0 ttl=255

time=4.973 ms64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=1 ttl=255

time=5.359 ms64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=2 ttl=255

time=4.557 msò^C--- 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5 ping statistics ---3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet lossround-trip min/avg/max = 4.557/4.963/5.359 ms

Exotick:A Single-User Network Operating System Based

ByJoko Yuliantoro <jky@itb.ac.id>Computer Network Research Group ITB

Traditional Kernel Design

Full Hardware Abstraction.Centralized Resource Management.Protection Mechanism / Multiplexing

Raw Hardware.

Hardware Abstraction

Large coverage to make it useful to all applications.

Planned to accommodate all interfaces from application to hardware resources.

Trapped in vast small details that make the abstraction composed of inefficient codes and routines.

Impact on Kernel

Large Kernel Size.Complex Algorithm.Unreliable.Inflexible.Hard global optimization since too

many codes and routines are affected.

Impact on Applications

Inefficient.Complex Algorithm.Can not grealty improve the

efficiency since many details have been hidden away from application.

Exokernel Prototype Design

Created and introduced by Dawson R. Engler and M. Frans Kaashoek from MIT in January 1995.

Main principle is application should manage all physical resources.

Exokernel should only manage resources to the extent required by protection.

Exokernel Prototype Design

Use distributed resource management.

Exokernel concentrate on multiplexing raw hardware.

Exotick

A single-user network operating system based on Exokernel design.

As a start, planned to be a simple TCP/IP router.

Focus on: Simple operation & programming. Smaller kernel size. Fast response (real time).

Exotick

Use Assembler language for best size and speed fulfillment.

Use Netwide Assembler (NASM) version 0.97 as the compiler and linker.

Exotick’s Feature

32-bit OS on Intel’s architecture.Preemptive multitasking.Flat memory model.Small kernel size.Fast response (real time).Plain text user interface.TCP/IP support.

Exotick Project Status

The project has been started since August 1998.

The project will be completed by the end of 1998.

Results in Network Layer

Network Monitoring by ismail@cnrg.itb.ac.id.

Monitor at http://netmon.itb.ac.id/ Network Map Sample of traffic by protocol, port, etc. Graph of total traffic.

Traffic Distribution Grapher

Describes:Comparison between Inbound and Outbound

TrafficTraffic Distribution by ProtocolsThe Most Active Routers/Hosts by ProtocolsDaily Usage Trend for some ProtocolsWeekly Protocol Usage Trend

TDG

Protokol

HostIn vs Out

Trend

URL: http://netmon.itb.ac.id/

Benefits:

Behaviour of the users in ITB (AI3): Subjects of interest Sites to be visited The rush hours Most actives computer/host

Planning the traffic routing, firewalling, etc.

Network Monitoring

“Scotty & Map Generator”

Scotty monitor

Connectivitymonitoring

Interface utilitymonitoring

Scotty monitor

Web screen

Web screen

http://netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html

Text Map

Timeout alarm

E-mail to Administrator

Web screen

Interface UtilityReport

http://netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html

Results:

Reconfiguration of VSAT TDMA interface speed for better performance.

Monitoring the JAMUS (ITB-YWCN) link performance. To Lembong: 99.525 % To Surabaya: 85.523 % To Malang: 86.282 %

Max In:1222.8 kb/s (12.2%) Average In:736.6 kb/s (7.4%) Current In:975.9 kb/s (9.8%)Max Out:1079.3 kb/s (10.8%) Average Out:566.4 kb/s (5.7%) Current Out:650.3 kb/s (6.5%)Date 4 September 1998

System Platform:

Pentium 10016 MB RAM2,1 GB Hard diskOperating System: FreeBSDMain Software: Scotty/Tkined

(FreeWare) and TCPDUMP.Under Xfree86 Windows

Results in Application Layer

Mailing ListsEnglish Technical Writting Course

distance learning test bed.Cache & Cache Monitoring.MPEG-3 Test Bed.RealPublisher & NetShow test bed.

Cache

ITB has set several Parents cache.Cache person is husni@itb.ac.idWe cache all of our Web traffic.check out

http://www.lp.itb.ac.id/~cacher/

HTTP-Cache: What

Use of Proxy ServerPreviously fetched WWW objects are

stored in Proxy ServerProxy Server gives cached WWW

object instead of fetches it from WWW server

Use of non-persistent caching

HTTP-Cache: Why

Web is the most popular application on The Net

Web traffic in byte is about 40%WAN link get congestedMost WWW objects are static

HTTP-Cache: Facts

HTTP-Cache reduces WAN trafficMore Effective than Server

mirror

Cache Hierarchy

Cache-Server meshCollaborates using “parent-sibling”

relationshipSibling: fetches WWW-object only if it

is found in local cacheParent: always fetches requested

WWW-object

Cache Hierarchy at ITB Network

cache-naist1.ai3.net

ns1.itb.ac.id

ns2.itb.ac.id

cache.lib.itb.ac.id cache-en.itb.ac.id

bandung-net

VSAT-net

sibling relationship

parent relationship

Cache Usage Monitoring

Log filesDaily statisticsWeb-based report

Cache stats: ns1.itb.ac.id

Cache stats: ns2.itb.ac.id

Cache Hit Rate

Results

Over 1.5Gbytes transferred data at a normal work-day

Over 400Mbytes transferred data at a weekend-day

Reduces upto 19% in HTTP traffic

Typical Cache Results

Hit requests 53.90%Hit bytes 38.79%Total requests 406.473Total successfull requests 406.473Average requests /day 695.980Total bytes 582.499.684Average bytes / day 997.383.525

Mailing Lists

Uses majordomo on FreeBSDRun on Dual Pentium 166MHz 32Mb

RAM.More than 220 mailing lists at ITB. (more

than 75% Indonesian mailing lists).More than 10.000 subscribers.We are trying to build the community in

Indonesia.

Distance Learning

ITB’s Server:http://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/http://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/http://

InformationTechnology.ee.itb.ac.id/

Test Bed Library Network

Pustakawan@itb.ac.idlibrary@itb.ac.idcnrg@itb.ac.id

Large Selection of Catalog

Search Result

Java Working Group

Lead by team4@students.ee.itb.ac.id, namely: Fira, Raka cs.

Their Page is: http://students.ee.itb.ac.id/~team4/

laporan/

Video Conference

25 October 1997: 14:00 Indonesia Time.Three Cities: Bandung-Surabaya-MalangCU-SeeMe & Its Reflector.Aiming for high school network in

Indonesia.July 1997: Panel Discussion on the

future of higher education (UNU).

Video on Demand

Supported by Microsoft & Progressive Network Tools.

Splitter for UNFCC COP3 December 1997.

Publisher for “ITB’s Alumny Congress” December 1997.

AI3 Indonesia Member Activities

YWCN Malang, Surabaya, Denpasar.UNPAR (University of Parahyangan

Bandung)UNILA (University of Lampung).

Yayasan Widya Caraka Nusantara (YWCN)

Vision :Making the knowledge more accesible

Mission : building the most efficient way the information network for education community

Mission implementation Mission implementation ::

. Regional Network Distribution Center for AI3-Indonesia in East Java, Bali and Jakarta

. Junction for the education and research computer network within the all area of our operation . Internet socialization for education and research community

. Develop the Indonesian Internet information contents

Socialization programSocialization program(encouraging demand of (encouraging demand of the Internet for education)the Internet for education)

Scientific seminarGuest lecturing Internet Education panel discussion Study group > 30 active membersTechnology exhibitionInternet Talk show programme

‘97-now

Provide Access and Provide Access and Cooperative Network Cooperative Network Development (1)Development (1)

Dedicated connection : . 8 education institution ( > 2000 users)Non dedicated connection (dial up lines ): . Lecturers : 120 Teachers : 75 Students : 200

Provide Access and Provide Access and Cooperative Network Cooperative Network Development (2)Development (2)

Faculty of Economics University Brawijaya - Malang

FTI - ITS - Surabaya The State University of Malang (in progress) STIE Malang Kucecwara University of Bhayangkara - Surabaya St.Albertus High School - Malang WISH/BTC - Malang University of Muhammadiyah Malang Polytechnic ITS Surabaya

Provide Access and Provide Access and Cooperative Network Cooperative Network Development (3)Development (3)

Hosting for the information contents of education and research institutes :

- www and mailing listJoint forces for internet education

and training programme

EquipmentEquipment18 x PC based server 2 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 mbps hub2 x Access Server TelematicTotal Storage Capacity = 100

GigaByte6 x Cisco Router4 x @ 16 dial in port

BandwidthBandwidthSurabaya/Malang - AI3 Indonesia

Gateway (ITB Bandung) = 256 kbps

Surabaya/Malang - Indosat (backup link)

= 64 kbps

Applied Research Applied Research ActivitiesActivities

Wireless NetworkInternet application for educationNetwork operating system

integrationNetwork Management

Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Video Conferencing Oct ‘97 (1)

Link to :Malang Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps wireless CDMA). YWCN Malang NOC. St. Albertus High School. FM 102 Broadcasting Station (radio live broadcasting)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Surabaya Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps wireless

CDMA). YWCN Surabaya NOC. Campus of FTI-ITS Surabaya-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bandung (AI3-ITB) Indonesia gateway-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERCITY CONNECTED BY LEASED LINE 2 x 128 kbps

Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Video Conferencing Oct ‘97 (2)

Installed equipment for test :

+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at : . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub) . YWCN Surabaya NOC (local center hub) . St. Albertus High School Malang (venue of video

conference) . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting) . FTI-ITS Surabaya (venue of video conference) . AI3-ITB Bandung (venue of video conference)

+ CuSeeMe Reflector at AI3-ITB Bandung . Reflecting all client on all venue and radio station

Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting Dec ‘97

We’re doing this test during Panel Discussion of Malang Internet Academic Network + The panel discussion was broadcasting live

simultanously to the Internet (video and audio) and to the FM radio band (audio only)

Installed equipment on this test :+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at : . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub) . STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue) . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at STIE Malang

Kucecwara (venue)

Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting (2)

Installed equipment for test :

+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at : . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub) . STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue) . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)

+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)

Archive (indonesian) of this panel discussion can be reached at :

http://www.ywcn.or.id/diskusi.html

Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting during AI3 Indonesia 1st Annual MeetingSurabaya - June 1998

Installed equipment for test :

+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at : . Venue in Widya Mandala University campus - Surabaya . YWCN Surabaya NOC

+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at Widya Mandala University campus

- Research -Currently work in progress

Building Electronic Commerce. Collaboration with some universities and private sector. Collaboration with Internet and Computer Network Study Group

Combining Internet/Online Marketing and International Marketing

. Collaboration with Internet and Computer Network Study Group

. http://www,ywcn.or.id/inmark/

Using various low power Wireless CDMA for long distance carrier

Bandwidth optimization and network management on Ethernet

Network

University of Lampung (UNILA)

University of Lampung’s Website

BBS Unilanet

University of Lampung

*Library and Research Information Exchange

*Increasing human resources qualification

*Ready to be AI3 gateway for educational institutions in Sumatra

Unila’s Website:offers us about:

General Information of University of Lampung

Journals and Research Report from some faculties and department

Institutions in Unila and their purposes

Students’ Activities Information

Other Activities about science and technology, nature conservation, and hobbies

Relationship and cooperation with other universities in education development project

Some Journals online pages::

Journal of Agrotropika- contains of analysis and research in agronomy

Journal of Social and

Agricultural Economics - about social and agricultural

economics

Some Journals online pages ::

Journal of Komunitas- concern about social politics

and cultural issues.

Journal of Tropical Soils- offers observations and research about tropical soils

Journal of Science and Technology- all about research reports of math, natural science, and technological implementations

Some Journals online pages::

Interests: Wetlands International Indonesia

Program- It is a part of a global organization which the mission is “To sustain and restore wetlands, their resources and bio-diversity for future generations through research, information exchange, and conservation activities”

Kite Aerial Photography- shows the information about an implementation of aerodynamics technology in aerial photography

using kites, how to get clearer aerial images with minimum cost.

University of Lampung in a Search Engine:

University of Lampung do participating in the global information exchanges

University of Parahyangan

UNPAR

176 student users (http://student.unpar.ac.id/cgi-bin/userlist)

348 university staff users (http://home.unpar.ac.id/cgi-bin/userlist)

UNPAR Traffic

From our statistics with SNMP in our router (maingtw) showing number of data go out greater than data go in (http://www2.unpar.ac.id/traffic/).

UNPAR Activities

Developing software from public sources (free software).

User Training Searching information for research. Mailing List / Discussions Platform UNPAR Web at (http://www.unpar

.ac.id/) Collect and publish alumni data.

Summary

ITB has managed to integrate 20+ educational institutions to Internet.

Major IT used: 2Mbps CDMA Network. Web based distance learning. Real Publisher / Microsoft NetShow.

Key to success:Mass Qualified Human Resource

Referenceshttp://ai3.itb.ac.id/http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~yc1dav/http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~cnrg/http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~adnan/http://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/http://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/http://netmon.itb.ac.id/http://nic.itb.ac.id/