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From the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Right Moves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124Inside Alaska Business . . . . . . . . . .126Alaska This Month. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129Events Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133What’s Next? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134Alaska Trends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Agenda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

ABOUT THE COVERRig No. 272, one of two Parker Drilling Arctic Alaska Drilling Units designed and engineered for BP to operate in the harsh climate and sensi-tive environment of Alaska’s North Slope oil fi elds (story by Julie Stricker begins on page 98).© Judy Patrick Photography

F e b r u a r y 2 0 14

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

ARTICLES

DEPARTMENTS

LEGAL SPEAK93 | Read the Fine Print

It can save you time, money, and grief!By Renea I. Saade

FINANCIAL SERVICES94 | Alaska Lenders Finding Good Borrowers

Lending opportunities present growth for Alaska businesses

By Tracy Barbour

OIL & GAS98 | Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units

Rigs No. 272 and No. 273 help BP move forward

By Julie Stricker

102 | Shell’s Plan for 2014Returning to the Chukchi Sea

By Mike Bradner

108 | North Slope Exploration and Development

Ramped up activity with passage of SB21By Dimitra Lavrakas

TELECOM & TECHNOLOGY58 | Smartphone Apps in Business

By Eliza Evans

TRANSPORTATION 74 | Arctic Shipping and Northern Harbors

International port plans span more than a century for Nome

By Will Swagel

FISHERIES86 | Alaska Seafood Industry Creates Jobs, Opportunities

Facilitating growth in business, total economic output

By Vanessa Orr

MINING90 | Alaska Exports Copper through Skagway

Yukon Territory Minto Mine booms with new finds

By Dimitra Lavrakas

VIEW FROM THE TOP

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8 | Angela Cernich, OwnerArctic Branding and Apparel

Compiled by Mari Gallion

ICONIC ALASKANS10 | Henry Springer

Bound to bridges and birdsBy Shehla Anjum

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Henry Spring and a fewbirds.

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ARTICLES

OIL & GAS112 | Arctic Logistics for the Oil and Gas Industry

Transportation is challenging and complicated

By Eliza Evans

120 | Innovations and Advancements in Arctic Technology

Enhancing research, management, and operations

By Judy Griffin

F e b r u a r y 2 0 14

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

special section

Architects & Engineers

16 | Engineers Week—Discover E

18 | Engineer of the Year Nominees

Compiled by Colin Maynard, PE

24 | Sustainable Arctic Construction

Challenges Inspire CreativityBy Nichelle Seely

30 | Arctic Construction Masterpiece

Barrow HospitalBy Dimitra Lavrakas

36 | Building on the Shores of the Arctic Ocean

Conexes and metal stack it upBy Dimitra Lavrakas

42 | Urban Water & Wastewater: Fairbanks

Privatized utility partnerships serve Interior city well

By Rindi White

48 | Innovations in Design‘Working with and engaging owners’

By Rindi White

52 | Architects & Engineers Directory

special section

World Trade Alaska

60 | Business Opportunities in the Arctic

Capitalizing on long-term advantagesBy Greg Wolf and Alex Salov

62 | Anchorage: Cosmopolitan Pacific Rim City

International connections foster global relationships

By Greg Wolf

64 | Update on China in AlaskaDragon Decade roars with rapid growth

By Greg Wolf

66 | Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska

Strategic locations and low wages boost trade potential

By Alex Salov

68 | US Cabotage Laws and Alaska’s LNG Trade

The dawn of the Jones Act WaiverBy Isaak Hurst

70 | Between Strait and SeaOttawa’s Northwest Passage dilemma with implications for Alaska

By Sourabh Gupta and Dr. Ashok K. Roy

73 | Export Partners and Commodities

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www.akbizmag.com February 2014 | Alaska Business Monthly 7

Volume 30, Number 2Published by

Alaska Business Publishing Co.Anchorage, Alaska

Vern C. McCorkle, Publisher1991~2009

EDITORIAL STAFF Managing Editor Susan Harrington Editorial Assistant Tasha Anderson Art Director David Geiger Art Production Linda Shogren Photo Consultant Chris Arend Photo Contributor Judy Patrick

BUSINESS STAFF President Jim Martin VP Sales & Mktg. Charles Bell Senior Account Mgr. Anne Campbell Account Mgr. Bill Morris Survey Administrator Tasha Anderson Accountant & Melinda Schwab Circulation

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ALASKA BUSINESS PUBLISHING CO., INC.ALASKA BUSINESS MONTHLY (ISSN 8756-4092) is published monthly by Alaska Business Publishing Co., Inc., 501 W. Northern Lights Boulevard, Suite 100, Anchorage, Alaska 99503-2577; Telephone: (907) 276-4373; Fax: (907) 279-2900, ©2014, Alaska Business Publishing Co. All rights reserved. Subscription Rates: $39.95 a year. Single issues of the Power List are $15 each. Single issues of Alaska Business Monthly are $3.95 each; $4.95 for October, and back issues are $5 each. Send subscription orders and address changes to the Circulation Department, Alaska Business Monthly, PO Box 241288, Anchorage, AK 99524. Please supply both old and new addresses and allow six weeks for change, or update online at www.akbizmag.com. Manuscripts: Send query letter to the Editor. Alaska Business Monthly is not responsible for unsolicited materials. Photocopies: Where necessary, permission is granted by the copyright owner for libraries and others registered with Copyright Clearance Center to photocopy any article herein for $1.35 per copy. Send payments to CCC, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970. Copying done for other than personal or internal reference use without the expressed permission of Alaska Business Publishing Co., Inc. is prohibited. Address requests for specifi c permission to Managing Editor, Alaska Business Publishing. Online: Alaska Business Monthly is available at www.akbizmag.com/archives, www.thefreelibrary.com/Alaska+Business+Monthly-p2643 and from £ omson Gale. Microfi lm: Alaska Business Monthly is available on microfi lm from University Microfi lms International, 300 North Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106.

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FROMTHEEDITOR

Right out of the gate, 2014 is looking to be a better year than 2013. Not that I’m superstitious; I’m not (usually). However, the only traffi c violation I ever received, and that was more than twenty

years ago, was for going thirteen miles over the speed limit, thirteen minutes after midnight, on the thirteenth of the month. Bad luck with the number thirteen? You be the judge.

As for 2014—I am hopeful and encouraged for Alaska. There is great promise for a better economy and a better future for our children and grandchildren. We are buoyed up, of course, by the positive changes coming forth in the oil and gas industry, the quintessential fi nancier of the Alaska state government. Another big economic engine, but one that’s often overlooked, is the seafood industry.

“Alaska Seafood Industry Creates Jobs, Opportunities: Facilitating growth in business, total economic output” is a most informative ar-ticle by Vanessa Orr (page 86). A frequent freelancer to Alaska Busi-ness Monthly, Orr details how well the industry is doing by sharing in-terviews and information from the Deckers, a Southeast Alaska family that makes their living via commercial fi shing; a fi sheries guru, North-ern Economics Vice President and Senior Economist Marcus Hartley; and a man who knows all about the Alaska seafood industry—Tyson Fick of the Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute.

Learning about the literally tens of thousands of jobs and multiple billions of dollars infused into the economies of Alaska and the United States via Alaska’s fi sheries will astound many. I know I was surprised to learn the Alaska seafood industry is the basis for employing more than one hundred thousand people across the United States—with billions in associated labor income and retail value.

I did know that there are tens of thousands of Alaska jobs related to the industry and billions of dollars of wages and direct investments fl owing back into the Alaska economy and that it is a multi-billion dol-lar industry in the state. I don’t want to be a spoiler for our readers this month though, so I’ll stop with the statistics. Suffi ce it to say that readers will fi nd out what a huge and important sector of the state’s economy the seafood industry actually is. For export specifi cs, readers will want to peruse the “Export Partners and Commodities: Top 25 via Alaska” in the World Trade Special Section (page 73).

The rest of the magazine is sure to inform and delight readers with excellent coverage of the Arctic in both special sections and woven throughout the February issue. The team at Alaska Business Monthly has put together another really great magazine. Enjoy!

—Susan Harrington, Managing Editor

201420142014201420142014Already A Better Year

ViewfromtheTop Compiled by Mari Gallion

Angela Cernich, OwnerArctic Branding and Apparel

FINDANICHE:Actually, Arctic Branding and Apparel was inspired by a client. I had been working in the pro-motional marketing industry for quite a few years. While working for another company, one of my clients men-tioned “FRC” and asked me if we could carry it. Honestly, I didn’t even know what FRC stood for… but I didn’t waste any time fi nding out. Once I knew what Flame Resistant Clothing (FRC) was, I researched what it would take for my current boss and our company to move into the indus-try. Although my boss at the time was not interested in expanding into this industry, I was super excited about the possibilities. My enthusiasm wore off on my then-fi ancé, who encouraged me to go out on my own. He was not only supportive emotionally, he also made the initial invest-ment (along with my very best friend since elementary school—one I had known since we were nine) to start what became Arctic Branding and Apparel.

BUSINESS PARTNERSHIPS: In September of 2012 we met with Big Bill, a manufacturer of fi re retardant and work wear. Like us, they had researched the market in Alaska and determined a need. Th ey were looking for a distribution partner, we were looking for a manufacturer, and we found that our values were in line. As we collabo-rated on solutions to the biggest challenges our clients faced, we came up with the concept of a large warehouse with product available at all times right here in Anchorage.

With Big Bill as a partner, we were able to commit to fair pricing with product availability for our customers.

CHOOSING FRIENDSWISELY:My favorite idea from Big Bill is that of putting an X on the back of all high-vis-ibility garments. Th e norm on the slope has always been just some high-visibility tape on the front and back. With the Big Bill garments, there is the hi-visibility tape on the front, but an X in the high-visibility taping on the back. Th is way, if you come across someone in the dark and see the X, you know that their back is to you and they may not see you. Th us, you will proceed with more caution. Th is seems like such a simple concept, but it’s one that was not currently utilized on the slope until we introduced Big Bill. All the end users and safety engineers agree that, as simple as this is, it is an idea that can save lives.

POWERINNOTKNOWING:I was told that there was no way I could break in to the FRC market because I didn’t know enough about safety. Th e truth is that you don’t have to know everything. You have to listen to your customers, surround yourself with manufacturers and vendors you trust, be willing to be honest that you don’t know when you don’t know, and then fi nd out the answers! If your cli-ents feel like you care about their needs, you listen to them, and you are willing to go that extra step to help overcome the challenges, they will give you the time to learn.

BorninAnchorageandraisedinSoldotna,whichsheaffectionatelyrefers

toas“Slowdotna,”AngelaCernich(neeJay)knowsAlaska:itsindustry,itsweather,anditspeople,includinglife-longfriendsfromheryouth.Raisedbyaslope-workerfatherandastay-at-homemother,fishing,hunting,andcampingwereawayoflife.Afterafewstintsoflivingout-of-state,CernichreturnedtomakeAnchorageherpermanenthome.InJanuaryof2012,CernichopenedArcticBrandingandApparel.

© Chris Arend Photography



ICONIC ALASKANS

It was the books with the Wild West adventures of Apache chief Winnetou that inspired Heinrich

“Henry” Springer as a schoolboy in Germany. Th ey became a prelude to his life in Alaska, his home since 1960. German writer Karl May, who wrote those books and never set foot in the American West, created Winnetou, his German sidekick Old Shatterhand, and the places where they roamed.

May only made it to the United States a few years before he died. Springer made it twice. First as a high school exchange student in Pennsylvania. Th en return-ing, at age twenty-three in 1959, as an immigrant, and moving to the wilds of Alaska a few months later. He never left .

Springer is known as an engineer, scien-tist, artist, carver, hunter, birder, taxider-mist, and a one-term legislator—to which

he said "enough." His adventures took him around Alaska and, later, the world.

Alaska’s engineering and construc-tion industry knows him for his work on bridges and other projects; the state’s science community knows him for his study of birds and his collection of six thousand specimens.

Springer excelled both in his en-gineering career and in his scientifi c studies and collections of birds and received accolades in both worlds. One that gladdens him was the 2008 dedi-cation of Henry Springer Ornithology Laboratory at the Museum of the North at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.

Th e plaque for the laboratory ac-knowledges how Springer’s “generous contributions of bird specimens, knowl-edge, and expertise… greatly advanced the fi eld of ornithology in Alaska.”

ImaginingAmericaSpringer, now seventy-seven, grew up in Donauwörth, a small manufacturing town in southern Germany, where fac-tories churned out war equipment for Hitler’s army. His father, a professional soldier, served in that army and spent most of the war on the Russian front, visiting his family only twice during the six years of World War II.

Life was tough during the war and for years aft erward. With few toys and other distractions, children either read or played outdoors. “We became fasci-nated with nature and wildlife. All of us had birds as pets. We went looking for frogs and collected beetles and butter-fl ies,” Springer says.

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Bound to bridges and birds

ByShehlaAnjum

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sire to see the country that epitomized wilderness to him. “I had an interest in biology since I was a child and I wanted to see America. I imagined America as a huge wilderness where bears and wolves roamed.”

Springer got his chance in 1953. A few months aft er his high school grad-uation he set sail to spend a year in Pennsylvania under the Fulbright High School Exchange Program for German youths. Springer enrolled as a senior in high school and lived with a farm fam-ily near a small town.

“I liked Pennsylvania. Th e people were free and had few social barriers between them. I decided that aft er col-lege I would move to the United States,” he says. Th e Fulbright program re-quired that he return home aft er a year. Springer went back, studied civil engi-neering at Munich State College, and received his degree in 1959.

A methodical person, Springer re-searches his options and the possible outcomes carefully. He found out that civil engineers were in demand in the United States and on the critical occu-pations list for immigration.

He applied for the visa during his last year in college. He graduated in Febru-ary 1959 and boarded a boat to New York in November.

Th e Springers, understandably, did not want their only son to leave. His father “didn’t understand America and couldn’t understand why I liked Ameri-ca or wanted to go there,” Springer says.

“When I turned twenty-one, I told my Dad he had nothing to say anymore be-cause I was the master of my destiny.” His father accepted his decision and eventually visited his son in Alaska.

His mother tried a diff erent ploy to keep him home. “I had to fi ght off girls because my mother fi gured that mar-riage was the best way to hold me. I re-ally pitied those girls because they were set up and didn’t know it.”

Th e US draft was in eff ect, however, and Springer’s visa required that he report to the draft board within forty-eight hours of arrival.

Ever the planner, Springer imme-diately researched service options. He found that if he enlisted for three rather than the two years of draft he could choose the branch he wanted and be-come a citizen at the end of the service.

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“I signed up for three years with the Army Engineers, asked for an assign-ment in Europe and hoped it would be Germany.”

It was not to be. “The choices includ-ed Greenland, Alaska, and the Pacific.”

Neither Greenland nor the Pacific interested him. And Alaska? “I knew nothing about it, except for Alaska Ice Cream, the first in Germany with a stick.” He decided to read up.

“It was fascinating. I immediately liked the idea of going there.” Alaska’s interest-ing bird life, the Bering Sea, and its “pio-neer-status” figured into the decision.

Pennsylvania had seemed wild when he lived there. “But flying from Anchor-age to Fairbanks to start my job with the Corps of Engineers, I realized Pennsyl-vania wasn’t that wild. I saw huge for-ests, swamps, and mountains; no roads, no towns, no smoke. I thought Alaska was just paradise,” he says.

Alaska claimed Springer and held him. He worked for the Corps on road and bridge projects and also began his research on birds for the University of Alaska Fairbanks, which is continuing.

BuildingBridgesAfter three years with the Corps, he got his citizenship in 1964, and within a few months a job offer came from the Alaska Department of Highways, later the Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, or DOT.

He mulled over the offer and accepted it. “I saw the highway department job as an amazing opportunity to work in a new state in a new department.” He also figured he could have a good career, un-like Germany where civil servants usu-ally waited for someone’s death to get promoted.

His DOT career was, by all account, successful. He liked construction and as a project engineer worked on the state’s more challenging bridges.

“I found the job of building bridges fascinating. Alaska’s climate—geology, a river’s flows, ice—made each bridge an individual challenge. There is no script,” he says.

From 1963 on, Springer managed bridge projects including those span-ning Nenana Canyon and Hurricane Gulch on the Parks Highway.

The Hurricane Gulch, the last link that connected the Parks Highway, was

a complicated project and Springer did a fine job, says Bruce Campbell, former highways commissioner. Campbell says Springer was a good choice to manage complicated bridges. “His analytical mind and ability to find innovative solu-tions to complex problems were useful.”

During the construction of the oil pipeline from Prudhoe, the state put Springer in charge of supervising the pipe haul and pipe distribution.

Riley Snell, then a regional director for DOT, also praises Springer. “Henry

did tremendous work on many of our bridges and infrastructure that we all take for granted.”

Snell is also impressed with another facet of Springer’s personality. “Henry works hard and he plays hard. He was always the life of the party and orga-nized many barbeques for the crews and contractors on his projects.”

Hard play sometimes landed Springer in trouble. In one memorable story from the Hurricane Bridge project, Springer made a bet with a DOT employee who

Henry Springer shows off specimensinhisbutterflyandbugcollection.



had a motorcycle. “I teased him that he couldn’t ride his bike through the multi-plate culvert, which was about ten-foot high and eight-foot wide.

“I knew that at the end of culvert there was an eight-foot drop into a pool,” Springer says. The motorcycle went through. Springer, not to be out-done, decided to try the stunt—in his official Ford F150 truck. “I was ten sheets to the wind, nothing scared me.” The truck ended at the bottom of the pool. It cost Springer a lot to have the truck retrieved. And he earned a stern reprimand.

LifeinNomeIn 1975 Springer headed to Nome as transportation director of the western region and stayed there for fifteen years. Asked about his accomplishments in Nome, Springer laughs it off. “It depends on who you ask. But I have a good police blotter. It is what it is,” Springer says.

Police blotter or not, Springer worked hard. He put together the region’s first ten-year capital plan that ensured villages understood the sequence of capital proj-ects. He modernized many airstrips with

lighting and constructed longer runways that allowed large planes to bring in bulk goods. He improved roads and installed culverts and drainage systems.

Robert Fagerstrom, former presi-dent of the Sitnasuak Native Corpora-tion, commends Springer’s work in Nome. “He did a great job up here. He has charisma and, of the many people who come to Nome for work, I think he made the fastest transition and under-stood the Native way of life.” He read the pulse of the community correctly, says Fagerstrom.

Nome gave Springer an opportunity to continue his bird studies and collec-tions. “I was in charge of sixty airports in the region. I stumbled around air-ports in daytime and in the evening I went bird watching.”

Dan Gibson, retired bird collec-tion manager at UAF, knows about Springer’s bird collection and his work in Nome. “Henry was a big help to us; when he lived in Nome he collected and prepared a series of McKay’s Buntings and Aleutian Terns for our collections.”

Springer’s series helped UAF scien-tists understand both birds. But they

especially appreciated the McKay’s Bunting, a rare species with a small population that breeds on only two is-lands in the Bering Sea.

LeadingtheWayIn 1986 he took early retirement and on the urging of the local business-men, mostly Republicans, he ran for the Alaska House of Representatives. He used his analytical skills. “I was very scientific. I figured out the statis-tics—gender, age groups, and voting records.”

He realized the chances of winning on a Republican ticket were nil in a heavily Democrat district. So he ran as a Democrat. He called himself “Ook-pik,” or snowy owl, used his extensive contacts, and visited 85 percent of the households in the district. And he won.

In Juneau, from 1987 to 1989, Spring-er hated the atmosphere. “Three-quar-ters of what happened in Juneau went against my grain—the backstabbing, the phoniness, and not being forward and honest, it just ate at me.”

He left after one term. “I had better things to do in my life.”

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His farewell speech became famous. “I told them I introduced no bills or off ered any amendments. I just gave my exper-tise in the committees. But that was not all bad. I kept my breath fresh because I didn’t have to kiss anybody’s ass.”

Springer then had two more jobs, both in the private sector.

He served as executive director of Associated General Contractors from 1990 to 2000 and helped modernize the organization.

He worked closely with the AGC ex-ecutive committee to streamline the organization, reducing its board of directors by 50 percent and reaching out to specialty and subcontractors. “We increased our membership by 40 percent.”

He began advocating for vocational education in the state. He realized this was not getting enough attention. “I made a real eff ort to work with educa-tors and union representatives to ex-pand career centers in Anchorage, Fair-banks, and Seward.”

As a result the AGC set up the Edu-cation Trust Fund, which matches em-ployers’ contributions with that from employees. Springer would like to see vocational education getting the same attention that it does in Germany, where it is the backbone of the educa-tional system.

Th e AGC board named Springer as one of its “hard-hats” for his service. “It is a recognition of service to the

construction industry and is quite an honor,” Springer says.

His last job before retiring again in 2007 was as executive director of the Knik Arm Bridge and Toll Authority (KABATA). He fully supports the cross-ing and believes it will be built.

Th e fi ve years at KABATA too held many challenges. One dealt with the designation of Cook Inlet as a criti-cal habitat for beluga whales that were declared endangered. Mary Ann Pease, who worked on public outreach for KABATA, says Springer used his problem solving skills to get the proj-ect moving when it had come to a standstill.

“Henry got the diff erent experts and decision makers together and persuad-ed them to take a scientifi c approach by looking at salmon migration and what had happened since the Native hunt of the belugas stopped.” He convinced federal agencies that by limiting the construction season, using observers, and other accommodations the bridge could be constructed without impact-ing the whales, Pease says.

Springer maintains his optimism for the bridge. While still at KABATA he proposed a “public-private partner-ship,” or P3, to fund it. Under P3 private investors would pay for construction and operation. Tolls would pay off the loan and the capital investment. It was the fi rst such proposal for Alaska, Pease says.

Sui GenerisNowadays Springer devotes his time to his collected birds, books, insects, and butterfl ies in his house that resembles a natural history museum. He con-tinues to carve and paint, draw, and stuff birds. And he tends to his col-lection of six thousand birds, 80 per-cent of which he collected, prepared, and mounted himself. He also takes care of hundreds of preserved animal specimens, thirty thousand insects and butterfl ies. His library contains eighteen thousand books, mostly sci-entifi c. Th e vast collection spills into an adjacent house.

His house also contains trophies from hunts in Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Africa, Australia, and Si-beria. But Springer quickly corrects a misconception. “I am not a big game hunter. Hunts were a way to get into places to collect birds.”

Th roughout his career, Springer also found time to serve on several boards and commissions, both local and state. Th ose included serving as a commis-sioner on the Denali and the Anchor-age Port Commissions. He chaired the state’s Board of Game. And while in Nome he sat on the Nome Utility Board.

For Springer, the engineering was just a job. “It was something that I did and got paid for. Serving on those boards and commissions was my true service to Alaska,” he says.

He is also happy to bequeath his bird collection to UAF, which will receive two-thirds, or about four thousand, of his birds. “I am proud that my work will help future generations of students and scholars.”

His friends admire the multi-talent-ed Springer with awe. “Henry is one of a kind, they broke the mold,” Campbell says.

Gibson seconds that opinion, “Henry is unlike anyone I have ever met. He is sui generis in the original sense of the word. He is not just a unique per-son, or a unique species. He is a unique genus—a very special person.”

Springer delights in his life. “I have no regrets. I don’t look back on my de-cisions.”

Shehla Anjum is an Anchorage-based writer.

Henry Springer in his homeoffice.

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JeanneBowie,PENominated by the Institute of

Transportation Engineers

Jeanne Bowie is a Senior Transporta-tion Engineer with Kinney Engineer-ing, LLC. She holds a Bachelor of Sci-

ence in Physics from the University of Maryland College Park, a Master of Sci-ence in Civil Engineering from Brigham Young University, and a Doctorate in Civil Engineering from the University of Central Florida. She is licensed as a Pro-fessional Engineer in both Florida and Alaska and is certifi ed as a Professional

Traffi c Operations Engineer. Bowie’s project experience is primarily in the area of transportation operations and safety, and her research interests span a range of topics from developing new weigh-in-motion technology to studying drivers’ perceptions of roadside signs.

Bowie has been an active participant in Institute of Transportation Engi-neers since 2001, serving in multiple capacities in the student chapters at both Brigham Young University and at University of Central Florida, serv-ing as communications chair and then treasurer of the Central Florida

Chapter, and also participating on the Pedestrian-Bicycle Committee of the Anchorage Chapter. Bowie has also been an active member of American Society of Professional Engineers and is currently serving as the Anchorage Chapter Director. She is also a member of American Society of Civil Engineers.

Bowie’s community service contribu-tions include numerous presentations to elementary school students to encourage their interest in math, science, and en-gineering, as well as involvement in her children’s schools, teams, and clubs.

Engineer of the Year NomineesEngineer of the Year NomineesEngineer of the Year NomineesEngineer of the Year NomineesEngineer of the Year NomineesEngineer of the Year Nominees

Jeanne Bowie

Jesse Gobeli

Allan Lucht

Peter Hildre Jennifer Brock Bill Barron

CompiledbyColinMaynard,PE



JesseGobeli,PENominated by the Structural

Engineers Association of Alaska

Jesse Gobeli is a licensed Civil and Structural Engineer in Alaska. He has a Bachelor of Science in Structural En-

gineering from the University of Califor-nia, San Diego. Gobeli has nineteen years of experience on civil and structural en-gineering projects. He began his career with the US Navy Civil Engineer Corps, where his assignments included manag-ing construction and renovation projects at communication facilities in Iceland and managing Navy Seabees working on military construction projects across Hawaii. Gobeli then worked in central Ohio, where he designed commercial and industrial buildings throughout the United States. He later worked as a struc-tural engineer for the US Army Corps of Engineers-Alaska District before joining PND Engineers, Inc. in 2004.

Gobeli’s experience includes build-ing designs using structural steel, cold-

formed steel framing, cast-in-place, precast and post-tensioned concrete, masonry, and wood. He has designed buildings and bridges throughout Alas-ka. Gobeli has also completed structur-al assessments of existing buildings in Southcentral, Western, and Northwest Alaska. He has designed structural retrofi ts for buildings found to be defi -cient to resist seismic and heavy snow loads common to many areas in Alas-ka. Gobeli is also a licensed Structural Engineer in California, Washington, Nevada, and Illinois and is active in the Structural Engineer’s Association of Alaska. He is a principal at PND.

As president of the Structural Engi-neers Association of Alaska, Gobeli was instrumental in facilitating a collabora-tive eff ort with the University of Alaska Anchorage to develop much-needed snow design data for use in the State of Alaska. Th e research project, which is funded jointly by Structural Engineers Association of Alaska and interested donors, is expected to yield a ground

snow load map of the state, which will allow engineers and architects to bet-ter anticipate conditions local to a given project site.

AllanLuchtNominated by the Society of American Military Engineers

Allan Lucht is Deputy Director, 673rd Civil Engineer Group at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richard-

son, Alaska. Th e 673rd Civil Engineer Group is responsible for the construc-tion, maintenance, repair, and natural and built asset management of the $15 billion infrastructure on eighty-four thousand acres and the readiness, emergency management, fi re protec-tion, and explosive ordnance disposal for more than sixteen thousand as-signed military personnel, supporting three Air Force wings and two Army brigades.

Lucht began his federal civilian ca-reer in August 1984 as a Civil Engi-



neer Intern with the Directorate of Engineering and Housing at Fort Eu-stis, Virginia. In 1986 he transferred to Worms, Germany, as an engineer program manager, not knowing at the time the three-year tour would extend into eighteen years in Germany with follow-on assignments in Hanau and Grafenwoehr where, as Engineering Chief, he supervised planning, design, and project management of nearly $2 billion in construction. As engineer in charge, he lead organization of the Grafenwoehr Garrison, Corps of En-gineers-Europe, and German Federal Construction Offi ce-Bavaria to under-take “Effi cient Basing-Grafenwoehr,” a $1 billion, fi ve-year design-construc-tion project to expand Grafenwoehr to consolidate an Army brigade from other installations in Germany. In 2004 he transferred to Fort Richard-son as Director of Public Works to plan facilities to establish both 4/25 Airborne Brigade Combat Team and the 2nd Engineer Brigade, which more than doubled the population on Fort Richardson. He led integration of the Fort Richardson Directorate of Public Works and Elmendorf AFB 3rd Civil Engineer Squadron to form the 673rd Civil Engineer Group as part of Joint Base Elmendorf Richardson. He is a member and board member of Society of American Military Engineers. Lucht is a graduate of North Dakota State University (Construction Engineering) and is a licensed Professional Engineer in the State of North Carolina.

PeterHildre,PENominated by the American

Society of Civil Engineers

Peter Hildre was born and raised in Juneau. He graduated from Juneau-Douglas High School in

1965. He earned a Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from Oregon State University in 1970 and a master’s de-gree in Engineering Science and Man-agement from the University of Alaska Juneau in 1981.

Hildre began his engineering career with Alaska Department of Transpor-tation & Public Facilities (DOT&PF)in Juneau in 1970. In 1982, he joined Toner-Nordling & Associates where he was a Senior Engineer from 1982 to


2007 and Principal from 1984 to 2007. In 2007, Toner-Nordling & Associates joined with DOWL HKM. With DOWL HKM, Hildre has been Manager of Civil Engineering in Juneau from 2007 through 2013.

Hildre retired at the end of 2013 hav-ing served the community of Juneau and the rest of Southeast Alaska for for-ty-three years. In the 1970s, he was the Project Engineer for DOT&PF on the Egan Expressway project. While with DOT&PF, he also worked on traffic and lighting design, ROW, supervised the materials lab in Anchorage, and worked on other construction jobs utilizing main frame and Wang computers.

One of the most challenging proj-ects of Hildre’s career was Juneau’s downtown street reconstruction proj-ect, a renovation of Front, Seward, and South Franklin Streets in the mid-1980s. This major design and re-construction had a construction cost of about $1.1 million—that’s about $2.3 million in today’s dollars and a sizeable chunk of change for a City and Borough of Juneau project. Front Street construction was started in ear-

ly March 1985 and repaved by July 2 of that same year.

In 2013, Hildre was the designer for several City and Borough of Ju-neau projects including Meander Way Reconstruction, Lemon Creek Road Reconstruction, Mendenhall Valley Snow Removal Site, and Third Street Reconstruction, totaling over $2.1 million in estimated construction costs. He also worked on designs for the City and Borough of Sitka, includ-ing Baranof Street reconstruction and utility improvements, Sitka Seawalk improvements, and road reconstruc-tion near Sitka’s US Coast Guard Housing facilities.

JenniferBrock,PhDNominated by the Society of

Women Engineers

Dr. Jennifer Brock is current-ly an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at

the University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA). She moved to Alaska from her native Ohio to take a position in UAA’s rapidly-expanding Mechanical Engi-

neering program when she finished her PhD in 2009.

Brock’s favorite part of being an en-gineer is the opportunity to work on a broad range of projects. Since coming to Alaska, this has included investiga-tions into the biomechanics of minor head trauma. This work, which she pursues with colleagues Drs. Anthony Paris and John Lund, was selected in 2012 to be part of UAA’s “Amazing Stories” campaign and resulted in a commercial that still appears on lo-cal TV. They have worked with a total of eight undergraduate research as-sistants on this project, six of whom have received undergraduate research funding, six of whom are listed as co-authors on papers, and three of whom have traveled to present their work at conferences.

Brock’s favorite part of being a col-lege professor is coming up with new ways to make course materials clear (and hopefully inspiring) to students. She was awarded the UAA Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching in 2011. She has aided a thorough overhaul of UAA’s mechanical engineering cur-


Colin Maynard, PE, was selected Engineer of the Year in 2013.

riculum, as well as the establishment of its new Master’s program (which recently accepted its fi rst students to begin in spring 2014), and led the im-plementation of a new protocol for as-sessing student achievement of learn-ing outcomes. She serves as the faculty advisor for the UAA student chapter of Society of Women Engineers.

BillBarronNominated by the Society

of Petroleum Engineers

Bill Barron is the Director of the Division of Oil and Gas within the Department of Natural Re-

sources for the State of Alaska. He entered into this public service role in 2011 aft er over thirty-fi ve years of experience working in the private sec-tor. Previously, Barron was a senior executive for the Energy and Chemical business group of CH2M Hill with re-sponsibilities covering all of Alaska and expanding operations in Montana. Pri-or to working with CH2M Hill, he was a manager and engineer with Marathon Oil. His experience covers all aspects of the oil and gas industry including do-mestic and international locations with a strong focus on operations and reser-voir engineering. He has been working Alaska oil and gas projects for more than twenty years. He currently serves on the Petroleum Engineering Indus-try Advisor Board for the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and is the chair for the Public Lands Committee of Inter-state Oil and Gas Compact Commis-sion. He holds a Bachelor of Petroleum Engineering from the University of Texas and has been a member of So-ciety of Professional Engineers since 1977. He has served on several boards including the Eagle River Nature Cen-ter, the Industry Support Alliance, the Alaska Process Industry Careers Con-sortium, and the Great Alaska Council Boy Scouts of America. He co-holds three US patents and has authored sev-eral technical articles. He and his wife Jan are the proud parents of two young men. Th ey also enjoy skiing and are both competitive triathletes.

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Mikunda, Cottrell & Co. joins BDO

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I’m crouched under a building, try-ing to sketch the location of water and wastewater lines as the winds

rattles the paper in my hands and snow skitters around me. Using a pencil is clumsy with gloves, but the day is too cold not to wear them. A few yards away the waves in Norton Sound pound on the seawall—the beach is completely submerged beneath the storm surge.

I’m in Nome, on the Northwest exten-sion campus for the University of Alaska Fairbanks, where we are preparing to turn the tiny outdated science build-ing into a cutting-edge necropsy lab, where classes of future scientists can be taught in the same space that necessary research will be carried out by the Uni-versity staff and government scientists.

ANeed,anIdea,andMoneyTh e project began, as it always does, with a need, an idea, and a grant of money. As we all know, federal funding is tight, but the grant writers of UAF rise to the challenge. As usual, there’s strings attached to the capital: we can’t


Sustainable Arctic Construction: Challenges Inspire Creativity

Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Sustainable Arctic Construction: Challenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire CreativityChallenges Inspire Creativity

Re-purposing a reindeer facility into a new necropsy lab in Nome

ByNichelleSeely

Above: TheviewofNortonSoundfromtheUAFNorthwestCampusinNome.Right: Entrance to theScienceBuild-ingundergoingremodelingandrepur-posing.

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expand the footprint of the existing building, we can’t tear it down and build a new one, we can only modify what’s already here.

What’s here is a one-story weather-beaten structure measuring twenty-five by forty feet—it looks like a little house. The building sits on a post-and-pad foundation, with individual “feet” that rest directly on the gravel. The north-west corner is visibly sunken. The paint is worn, and the mechanical hoods are rusted out.

This petite edifice is one of a col-lection of small buildings that make up the UAF Northwest Campus. BDS Architects and our consulting engi-neers have been gradually helping the University in fixing them up as time and money become available. Most re-cently, we’ve converted the library into a distance learning and testing center. Before that, we put new roofs on three of the buildings, and before that, new foundations. We’ve connected all the buildings with a boardwalk and made interior improvements. The piecemeal upgrades are gradually changing the face of the campus, making it more relevant, high-tech, and better able to serve the needs of the users. This latest project is the most challenging one yet.

Historically, the building we are about to remodel has been used to teach anatomy and reindeer husbandry. In-side, there’s a hodgepodge of equipment and shelving, anatomical charts, and even a teaching skeleton. The finishes are worn and need replaced—unfor-tunately, there’s always the question of hazardous material, asbestos, and lead embedded in the building materials. We’ll have to include a report with the bid documents to make sure potential contractors are aware.

BDS has been instructed to re-design the space to accommodate the dual purposes of teaching and research. Af-ter many hours of meetings and con-sultation with university staff, facil-ity managers, and laboratory experts, we’ve managed to cram in a fume hood for work with toxic chemicals; a drying oven to prepare tissue samples; freezers and refrigerators to store them; incuba-tors to grow and maintain cultures; and an autoclave to sterilize equipment. The entire perimeter of the building is filled with equipment and cabinetry. The idea

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is that analysis of marine and bird life can be carried out right here in Nome, without needing to send specimens back to Fairbanks or elsewhere.

And that’s not all. Th e design calls for student tables, enough for twenty seats. Th ere’s also a necropsy table where a seal or a caribou or part of a walrus can be laid out and cut up. A microphone and camera are suspended overhead, so the dissection being done can be record-ed for future review or broadcast live as part of the distance learning program.

ConsultingwithResearchersIt’s exciting stuff —under the director-ship of Bob Metcalf and with the aid of the mothership in Fairbanks, the little UAF Nome campus is leaping into the 21st century. It doesn’t hurt that there’s a brand new modern hospital in Nome and a need for trained medical staff . Some of the locals have already jumped in, and the campus recently graduated its fi rst medical assistants.

Other organizations are taking no-tice and are deeply interested in what is happening in this frozen corner of the world. Local government agencies such

as US Fish and Wildlife see opportuni-ties to carry out their own research now that there’s going to be a lab to do it in. Th e recent avian deaths on Savoonga are an example. Gay Sheffi eld, the biol-ogist who took charge of the dead bird samples sent in by residents, is one of the researchers consulted by the BDS design team.

In fact, it was during a meeting with Sheffi eld and other researchers that an-other question came up: could the lab

be modifi ed to accommodate another user group, namely the Korean Polar Research Institute (KOPRI)?

South Korea became a permanent observer on the Arctic Council this year. Th ey are serious about their po-sition, desiring to become a leader in Arctic research. Th ey own an icebreak-er, the Araon, which was launched in 2010. Th e ship is outfi tted as a research vessel to study geophysics, biology, and oceanography and has been active in

Exterior shot of the ScienceBuildingontheUAFNorthwestCampusinNome.

© Nichelle Seely

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Weathered Science Building prior torenovationsinNome.

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grant. As much as we would have liked to accommodate KOPRI, as exciting as the potential collaboration was, the design team and University couldn’t delay with-out risking the original funding.

Th e discussion around the South Ko-reans sparked all kinds of other practical queries. How do we keep chemical spills and decayed animal tissue out of the city wastewater system? How do we accom-modate the ventilation needs of a small space where extreme odors from speci-mens and chemical agents would need to be evacuated? We specifi ed special traps on the sinks which could be emptied and cleaned before any questionable material went into the city system. An emergency shower would protect human occupants from accidental splashes. We designed a mechanical mezzanine over the lab, rais-ing the roof to accommodate the massive ventilation units.

In addition, BDS worked to overhaul the building envelope. Th e thirty-year-old wood frame walls and roof simply weren’t enough to provide the kind of thermal effi ciency we needed. Th e grant restrictions prevented us from simply tearing them down and building new

ones, so BDS utilized the same strategy we had used on the library retrofi t. We designed an outside “jacket,” essential-ly an additional framed wall clamped around the existing building, fi lled with foam insulation and covered with new siding to match other campus buildings. We did the same for the roof, increasing the R-value to meet the exacting stan-dards of UAF and stand against the bit-ter temperatures of a winter in Nome.

Challenges inspire creativity: with many stops and starts and much thought and discussion, despite all the obstacles, the team of architects, engi-neers, researchers, and University staff craft ed a building solution to meet most (if not all) of the projected needs. Now we’re in the production phase, draw-ing up plans and writing specifi cations in preparation for the day this project goes out for bid, and the UAF Northwest Campus gets a research lab which world players are already eyeing to use.

Anchorage-based Architect Nichelle Seely writes from across Alaska.

Antarctica as well as the Bering Sea and Norton Sound. It would be to their ad-vantage to have a place in Nome where they could do occasional work.

Needless to say, I was fascinated. Imagine our little lab project becom-ing part of an international scientifi c ef-fort—if only it were bigger, or if we were allowed to make it so. Practical questions soon arose—Korea uses a diff erent elec-trical standard than the United States. We would need to incorporate adapters for their equipment. And what was their equipment likely to be? No one knew for sure, although educated guesses could be advanced. How could their needs be incorporated with the needs of the University? Th e KOPRI funding was on a diff erent cycle, and no one knew if or how much monetary support the or-ganization could or would provide to help. Maybe they could provide a mobile modular lab unit that could be carried on the icebreaker and staged in the parking lot behind the lab, then simply “plugged in” to the utility services. Without more information, we simply couldn’t make plans, and the lab project was already un-derway, with deadlines imposed by the



Bright light on the tundra took

decades-long planning to bring

crucial new services

ByDimitraLavrakas

During a snow storm, asnowmachinerwhipsbythenewSamuelSimmonds

MemorialHospital.

Photos © Dimitra Lavrakas

It was an interview typical of Alaska: a busy executive, skilled in subsistence methods, instructing two young

hunters on how to cut up a reindeer. No, not a caribou, a reindeer, a remnant of the old herds. Its two skinned legs lay on the table, and next to them sat Ma-rie Carroll, taking time to talk about the evolution of the new Samuel Simmonds Hospital from a need to reality.

“Where do I begin,” says Carroll, president and CEO of the Arctic Slope Native Association (ASNA) and the Samuel Simmonds Hospital. “Th e prep-aration began in the late ‘80s, when some leaders from the villages and Bar-row talked about having a new hospi-tal. What we had was so small. It was the size of a clinic and served the entire North Slope. It was like a cubbyhole of people and then add patients to that—it was really tight.”

Th e North Slope Borough has six vil-lages and the city of Barrow, with popu-lations ranging in size from a few hun-dred to Barrow’s 4,400.

Arctic Construction Masterpiece:

Barrow HospitalArctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece: Arctic Construction Masterpiece:

Barrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow HospitalBarrow Hospital

Light streams into the atriumofthenewhospitalthroughfloor-to-ceilingandclerestorywindowsspreadinglightevenonanovercast,snowyday.

The reception desk is backlitbyamulticoloredglasswallthatisreminiscentoftheNorthernLights.

Design AlaskaBusinessPROFILE

– P A I D A D V E R T I S E M E N T –

Committed toCommitted toCommitted toCommitted toCommitted toCommitted to its clients, its clients, its clients, staff and staff and staff and

communitycommunitycommunity

Established in 1957, Design Alaska is the largest full-service architectural and engineering

firm in Interior Alaska. Being a one-stop shop is central to the company’s competitive advantage, along with its arctic and subarctic design expertise.

The Fairbanks firm has all the disci-plines available to design most projects in-house, including registered profes-sionals in architecture; civil, structural, mechanical, fire protection, electrical, and environmental engineering; land-scape architecture; and surveying. This translates into a competitive edge on the cost and time to complete projects.

“We work on many design-build projects, and the full-service nature of our organization is attractive to con-tractors,” says Vice President Jeff Put-nam. “Our regular design clients also find this to be valuable.”

The firm also offers planning, Lead-ership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) accredited professional, commissioning, construction adminis-tration, and materials testing services. Design Alaska has continued to thrive by constantly enhancing its services and being willing to work on a variety of projects. The firm has added LEED design and energy modeling/audit-ing, which are important to designing sustainable buildings and reducing operating costs. They have experience working nearly everywhere in Alaska, including the North Slope, west coast, Aleutian chain, Interior, and Mat-Su/Anchorage areas.

“The secret to our success has been focusing on client needs, supporting our employees in their professional and personal needs, and strengthen-ing the community through financial and volunteer support,” Putnam says.

An avid champion of the arts, Design Alaska supports many local events, including the Design Alaska Holiday Concert, Fairbanks Sum-mer Arts Festival, Opera Fairbanks, and Design Alaska Wild Arts Walk, as well as Fairbanks’ public radio sta-tion KUAC. Last year, Design Alaska helped KUAC raise an unprecedented $62,000 in a single hour during their fall fundraiser.

Design Alaska has received numer-ous awards, including an honor award in the civic buildings category from the Design-Build Institute of Amer-ica in 2012 for a 276-person barracks project at Ft. Wainwright. The fast-track, design-build effort achieved a LEED Gold certification. In 2010, De-sign Alaska garnered the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ outstanding support to the engineer-ing community award at the Alaska and the Northwestern Region levels, beating out larger organizations like Google.

Current Design Alaska projects include a first-ever, public/private partnership to design and construct a dining hall addition on the University Alaska Fairbanks campus, working with Stanley Consultants to evalu-ate potential replacement options for

UAF’s coal-fired heat and power plant, and an alcohol treatment facility in Bethel, Alaska. Recently, the firm pro-vided mechanical engineering on the 100,000-square-foot Chief Andrew Isaac Health Center and completed a comprehensive renovation of UAF’s hockey locker rooms at the Carlson Center. “The locker room project turned out incredible and is a real tribute to the quality of that program,” Putnam says.

During 2014, Design Alaska will usher in a new president, Chris Mill-er, who is currently vice president and head of mechanical engineering. However, the firm’s commitment to its clients and employees remains the same. “We believe Alaska is a great place to live and work, and we’ll con-tinue to foster an environment where our employees can have a rewarding professional experience,” Putnam says.

Jeff Putnam, PE, PMPVice President 601 College Rd.Fairbanks, Alaska 99701Phone: 907-452-1241Fax: 907-456-6883designalaska.com

276-person barracks designed by Design Alaska

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Th e old hospital was built in 1964, and was 2x4 construction.

“Th at’s what we build our sheds with,” Carroll says.

With funding based on its square footage, monetary support was limited, Carroll says.

“Th e population grew, but we didn’t,” she says. “So with a bigger building, we’ll get more funding.”

Th e new hospital is four times the size of the old one, and the staff is doubled.

Th e hospital was a competitively bid, joint venture project between UIC Con-struction, LLC, a subsidiary of Ukpeaġvik Iñupiat Corporation, Barrow’s Native vil-lage corporation, and SKW/Eskimos Inc., a subsidiary of the borough’s Native re-gional corporation, Arctic Slope Regional Corporation. Th e $160 million hospital is a one hundred thousand square-foot, two-story, steel-framed building with a steel pile foundation and is fully sprinklered.

Delivery of material out of Seattle was handled by another UIC subsid-iary, Bowhead Transport Co., LLC, and included multiple-year shipments of building materials from Seattle to the Barrow construction site.

The aurora glass walls in the den-tal suite echoes the theme from

the reception desk.

© Dimitra Lavrakas


The project is a leading example of how Native and village corporations’ di-versification leads to partnerships that win bids, employs locals, and improve the quality of life in the community.

Its namesake, Samuel Simmonds, was one of the founders of ASNA, a Presbyte-rian minister and ivory carver who spe-cialized in carvings depicting daily life. He was also a reindeer herder early in his life and once recalled, “I rode about on a reindeer just like Santa Claus.”

WrappedupinRedTape“When I came on board in 1999, there was a ton of federal paperwork you have to go through to even get on the facility list for consideration,” Carroll says.

She credits the late Joe Upickson, along with Herman Kigniak, Bernice Kayluk, Eben Hopson Jr., June Childress, Ida An-gasan, and Carolyn Cannon for being the driving forces behind the project.

“They had a board retreat, literally on my first day on the job,” she says. “And the number one priority was to build a new hospital—but how to start?”

The hospital landed last on the Indian Health Service’s (IHS) list behind a huge $225 million project in Phoenix, Ari-zona, serving the Four Corners area that includes members of the Navajo, Jicarilla Apache, Southern Ute, Ute Mountain Ute, and Hopi tribes. “Because they had differ-ent tribes and couldn’t agree on the proj-ect, we moved up to first,” Carroll says.

Senator Ted Stevens was instrumen-tal getting money through the Denali Commission.

“Part of the $15 million from the Dena-li Commission went to purchase the land, site preparation, and the foundation,” she says. “Then how do we get money out of IHS again? It was really tough.”

Nationwide economic troubles had an effect too. “And then the economy crashed in the last year of funding, and we needed $60 million and the economy tanked,” she says. “I really have to give credit to [Senator] Lisa Murkowski and her staff and Senator Jack Reed [D, Rhode Island]. [Health and Human Services Sec-retary Kathleen] Sebelius came up too.”

Former North Slope Mayor Edward Itta, the North Slope Borough Assem-bly, and Senator Mark Begich also came through with some money.

And recently, Rossman Peetook, for-mer North Slope Borough assembly-

man, succinctly recalled the long drive to build the hospital, “It wasn’t over-night work. I’m glad I could help.”

ABeautifulStructureBuilttoLast

“RIM Architects was the building designer and Architect of Record,” says RIM Princi-pal/Architect Matt Vogel, who worked on it along with Project Manager/Architect Trent Mullins and Designer Molly Logelin.

“Our vision for the design came from the need to provide the very best health care that could be provided at any hos-

pital in the United States. We hired HDR out of Omaha, Nebraska, as the medical planning consultant for the in-terior medical design aspects.”

RIM Architects and RIM First People were also hired to meet with the villag-es served by ASNA to gain a deeper un-derstanding of the communities, their cultural traditions, and their expecta-tions and perceptions of healthcare de-livery, Vogel adds.

“The report developed by RIM First People was used in conjunction with the approved Program of Requirements

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during the planning and design pro-cesses,” Vogel says.

Th e building stands out like a bea-con next to a lagoon on the tundra in Browerville, a Barrow suburb, and seems to fl oat at night with the glow from the colored lights that encircle it.

“We designed this building to fi t within the neighborhood, to be inviting so that people would feel that this hos-pital is a place that the families can feel good to go to for their continued pre-ventative care,” Vogel says. “We wanted all the people of Barrow and the outly-ing villages to know that this facility would support their healthcare needs.”

Elements of the Arctic’s natural world are refl ected in the themed aurora-like glass panels that unify the interior design from the front reception desk to the stand-alone walls in the dental suite, which has expansive views out its windows.

“Th e building is an open and well-lit structure to make all users of this facil-ity feel warm and welcome,” Vogel says. “We wanted the healthcare providers and medical staff to feel comfortable in the new hospital, as employee retention was also an important factor. We used lots of color

and lighting to support the build environment through-out the winter and summer months.”

Th e design is as tough as it is appealing to the eye. It took a couple of years just to get materials barged and moved to the site, high-lighting the fact that this building is a very long way from a normal supply route, so its construction had to be resistant to the harsh elements the hos-pital would be exposed to over the years.

“Th is building was designed for at least the next fi ft y years,” Vogel says. “Th e building is a steel structure with a high-insulated envelope.

“Th e roofl ines were simple, making the roof structure easy to maintain and deal with wind and drift ing snows. Many of the systems and products used were designed for ease of maintenance due to the hospital’s remote location.”

FirstClassHealthCareFor the fi rst time ever, Barrow has health care services like a CT scan machine.

But fi rst, the board had to prove to IHS that certain services and equipment would be cost eff ective and save lives.

“We had to do presenta-tions and present statistics that showed how much money would be saved and how many lives saved,” says Carroll. “If someone had a stroke, and there are dif-ferent kinds of strokes, and

they are treated diff erently. We showed we could save a life here by not waiting two to three hours ‘til they got to Anchorage. Everything we did had to be reviewed by IHS, and meetings sometimes were tense. We had to work out the diff erences.”

But the ASNA board agreed on one thing—to off er primary care.

“Our board was the major driver in delivering health care,” Carroll says. “At night, we close the front door and keep the ER open.”

As a Joint Commission on Accredita-tion of Healthcare Organizations facility, the hospital ranks among the top hospi-tals nationwide in quality of service and

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For the fi rst time, Barrow residents can have a computed tomography

scan (CT scan).

Dimitra Lavrakas writes from the East Coast and Alaska.

high standards of patient safety. Th e hospital off ers an outpatient unit

providing emergency, clinic, and urgent care and an inpatient unit off ering care for newborn through elderly patients, in-cluding low-risk obstetrical services; case management; specialty clinics off ering access to specialists by referral; “Screen-ing for Life” breast and cervical cancer screening program with a mammogram machine at the Wellness Center; diabetes education; physical therapy; dental ser-vices; a laboratory; pharmacy; radiology; and of course, the CT scan machine.

Th e board also decided on a single-occupancy room because it’s been shown that patients heal faster when they have a space to themselves without worrying about the other patient.

It was a long haul, and many resi-dents donated their time for many years to make sure excellent health care could be had locally. “I tried to lead as best I could,” says Carroll. “But a lot of credit goes to a lot of people.”



Building on the Shores of the Arctic Ocean

Conexes and metal stack it up

By Dimitra Lavrakas

Locals call it the “Lego hotel.” Jokes aside, it’s intrigued adults and de-lighted children to witness the

stacking of conex boxes to build Arctic Slope Regional Corporation’s (ASRC) new hotel in Barrow.

While ATCO trailers, similar to con-exes, are not uncommon as hotel rooms along the Alaska Highway, a large as-semblage of the corrugated weathering steel containers is an arresting sight in the Alaska Arctic. But their sturdy con-struction will help them stand up to the elements that will pound them from the Arctic Ocean only a few yards away.

Malcolm McLean, founder of Sea-Land Service, Inc., developed the modern intermodal shipping containers. Calling it Container Express, it was abbreviated to ConEx and eventually boiled down to conex. Th e invention allowed goods to be

moved safely and securely from ship to trail to truck, or the opposite direction.

Transportation for construction materials was provided by a chartered barge from Bowhead Transport, a sub-sidiary of Ukpeaġvik Iñupiat Corpo-ration (UIC). UIC is Barrow’s village corporation. Th e modules and other freight were barged from Anchorage to Barrow in early fall 2013.

“Th is is not new construction for the Arctic,” says Ty Hardt, director of com-munications for ASRC. “Due to the lim-ited construction season on the North Slope, we felt the modular construction was the best approach to get the ho-tel completed quickly and on budget. Other Alaskan hotels that have used modular construction are the Aurora in Deadhorse and Grand Aleutian in Dutch Harbor/Unalaska.”

BuiltonHistoryTh e new hotel isn’t on just any patch of dirt—it’s near a very important site of Barrow history. Right across the street the iconic bowhead whalebone arch and skull, a weathered walrus skin umiaq, and the ice cellar sit on the shores of the Chukchi Sea, and all are part of the Top of the World tour.

Here, in 1885, Charles Dewitt Brower, the fi rst non-Native whaler, set up his business, the Cape Smythe Whaling and Trading Co. Th e whaling station is now a bustling construction headquarters, while his home next door sits vacant.

Th e area around the whaling station eventually became known as Brower-ville, a suburb of Barrow. Brower’s de-scendants have been, or are, mayors of the North Slope Borough, whaling cap-tains, magistrates, and artisans.

Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores Building on the Shores of the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Oceanof the Arctic Ocean

A crane rises over the entrance of the new ASRC hotel in Browerville, a suburb of Barrow.

© Dimitra Lavrakas

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For many years, the station housed Brower Café, where one could oft en look out on the ocean and see what ap-peared to be a piece of ice of moving in a diff erent direction. It was usually a polar bear.

ClassyHotelontheShoresoftheArcticOcean

Th e Top of the World Hotel’s new build-ing is at 3060 Eben Hopson Street in Browerville and features seventy rooms; six Americans with Disabili-ties Act compliant rooms, ten deluxe rooms, two suites, and fi ft y-two stan-dard rooms. Th e new Top of the World Hotel is expected to open in May.

Th ere will also be a gift shop, guest fi tness room, guest launderette, two guest kitchens—on the second and third fl oors—three meeting and con-ference rooms, and a restaurant able

to seat one hundred, with banquet and catering services in the future.

“Th e design/build team consisted of ASRC SKW Eskimos Inc., as contractor, Builders Choice Inc., which was the mod-ule fabricator and installer, and the team was Winchester Alaska,” says Hardt.

“Th is reinvestment falls in line with the ASRC Strategic Plan in terms of strengthening existing assets as well as increasing opportunities for local eco-nomic development, particularly, tour-ism,” says ASRC President and CEO Rex Rock Sr.

In August 2013, ASRC’s hotel in down-town Barrow was aff ected by a fi re next door, which burned Pepe’s North of the Border Mexican Restaurant to the ground. Tundra Tours Inc., an ASRC subsidiary, has operated its visitor tours out of there for years but will now move its headquarters over to the new hotel

The historic whaling station and home of Charles Brower in aptly named Browerville is the construction headquarters for the new Arctic Slope Regional Corporation’s hotel.

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on the Browerville site and will off er its summer day tours of the area from there.

“We want to meet the requests coming in from village visitors, the community, corporate business, tourists, and tour companies for additional options to host and off er, not only room accommoda-tions, but also event venue, catering, Iñu-piat cultural performances, and summer day tour packaging,” says Hardt.

Th e Barrow community lost an insti-tution when Pepe’s burnt down and is in need of a large venue for its meetings and gatherings.

“Th is facility has been a long time coming,” says ASRC Chairman and Ex-ecutive Vice President of Shareholder and Community Programs Crawford Patkotak. “Th e current hotel is forty years old and was in need of replace-ment. We look forward to serving the community with this new investment, as well as providing our guests with a nice, comfortable place to stay.”

ACommunityCenteredFacilityWalk up the serrated surface of the

steel ramp to the City of Barrow’s recre-ation center, called Piuraagvik, and en-ter a world of play. Open daily, it off ers a gym, weight room, locker rooms with showers and very hot saunas, racquetball courts, and a climbing wall. Local sport leagues and exercise classes are held here.

But with Barrow’s population expect-ed to expand, the building lacked the room to accommodate more users.

Th e architect for the project is Bob Be-zek with BDS Architects out of Anchorage, and the contractor is UIC Construction.

“As a matter of note, the North Slope Borough projects a population increase of 30 percent to 45 percent by 2035, de-pending on oil and gas development,” says Bezek.

For permanence and strength, steel was used.

Using steel in the Arctic comes with unique challenges—particularly build-ing on permafrost, where the weight and the warmth of a structure can make it sink willy-nilly into the tundra.

“Using steel in the Arctic has become more common over the past decade,” says Bezek. “Steel allows more openness in structures for program fl exibility. Th e steel structure is founded on wood piling with thermal probes to assure that the sensitive permafrost foundation regime is

In October 2013, a backhoe takes down the remnants of Pepe’s North of the Border Mexican Restaurant in Barrow, which burned to the ground in August damaging ASRC’s Top of the World Hotel next door. Pepe’s was started by Fran Tate in 1978, moving over to its current site three years later.

© Dimitra Lavrakas

In October 2013, a backhoe takes down the remnants of Pepe’s North of the Border Mexican Restaurant in Barrow, which burned to the ground in August damaging ASRC’s Top of the World Hotel next door. Pepe’s was started by Fran Tate in 1978, moving over to its current site three years later.

© Dimitra Lavrakas

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preserved for the long-term performance of the structure. Preservation of perma-frost is essential to a structure’s survival in the Arctic. Without this technology a structure would sink into the permafrost due to its weight and heat loss.”

“Steel construction was used because of the size of the main space,” says Harsa-

ny, the City of Barrow’s contract project manager. “Steel spans larger distances than wood.”

“Th ere are several phases to this project,” says UIC Construction Super-intendent Bill McCormick. “Th e fi rst phase was constructed by SKW and re-stored the original building interior to

a new life cycle, inclusive of heating and fi re prevention systems that will ulti-mately serve the entire facility—inclu-sive of the new addition building shell constructed by UIC Construction.

“UIC Construction has performed Phase 2 (A and B). Phase A foundation was a wood pile installation with ther-moprobes.”

Th ermoprobes are non-structural, high-capacity, two-phase thermosy-phons that provide passive refrigera-tion to maintain, or create, permafrost. Th ey allow heated structures to be con-structed on lower quality permafrost. Structures in Barrow built before the introduction of thermaprobes can be seen sitting unevenly on the tundra.

Th ermosyphons use a two-phase working fl uid contained in a closed, sealed vessel that is partially buried and functions passively in the winter, at which time the fl uid is driven below ground, condenses, and then rises, and the cycle is repeated.

“Phase 2 was a scaled B version of the original bid and consists of the new ad-dition shell,” says McCormick.

Th e City of Barrow and Barrow Mayor

A crane stands ready to lift

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recreation center.

© Dimitra Lavrakas

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Bob Harcharek are at this time request-ing additional grant funds for the next and fi nal phase, which would be the ad-dition fi nal roofi ng and under-building soffi t, existing building matching sid-ing, interior build-out, and fi nishes.

“Th is addition building shell was im-portant for the city and mayor to get con-structed,” says Harsany. “With this com-pleted it should be only a matter of time before the city and the mayor are able to fi nd grant funds to complete this recre-ational facility for the residents of Barrow.”

Th e shell will also allow work to con-tinue no matter the weather outside—crucial when the weather outside is in the minus digits and the wind is howling.

Th e city has had two grants to bring the project to its current level. Th e fi rst grant was a National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska grant, and the second was a grant from the Alaska State Legislature.

“Th e new addition consists of a new spectator gym and four program ar-eas,” says Bezek. “Th e program ar-eas are designed to be multipurpose, meaning that activities can be shift ed from space to space as activity directors choose.” Considerable storage space is

being added which also assists program fl exibility. “Th e purpose of the new gym is to expand recreational opportunities for the community and better serve the public with more seating capacity for popular events. Th e four program areas will provide for a wide range of functions such as exercise equipment,

weight training, aerobics, ballet, and community potlucks associated with activity events.”

Long-time Alaskan journalist Dimitra Lavrakas writes from the East Coast and Alaska.

The much-used Barrow recreation center, known as Piuraagvik, is getting a new steel-framed addition. The much-used Barrow recreation center, known as Piuraagvik, is getting a

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Privatized utility partnerships serve Interior city wellPart three in a series

By Rindi White

The new centrifuge (dewatering) building alongside the older sludge storage building.

Photo courtesy of Robert Langlotz/Golden Heart Utilities

How does tap water keep mov-ing in a city where winter tem-peratures frequently dip to fi fy

or sixty degrees below zero Fahrenheit and the average winter lows are fi ft een to twenty degrees below? Is it possible to process septic waste at those low temperatures?

Fairbanks, the second-largest city in Alaska, has to contend with these and other issues in providing water and wastewater treatment to the roughly fi ft y-fi ve thousand people who live in the College Utilities and Golden Heart Utilities service area.

Fairbanks is also one of few municipal-ities in the state where water and sewer services are privatized. Fairbanks Sewer

Water and wastewater are some of the most expensive utilities to provide, and also the most vital to keeping a community healthy.

The American Council for an Energy-Effi cient Economy says municipal water and wastewater treatment systems “are among the most energy-intensive facilities owned and operated by local governments, accounting for about 35 percent of energy used by municipalities.”

In Alaska, costs can be even higher than those national averages, especially in rural and remote communities where groundwater is brackish or soils unsuitable for building wastewater treatment facilities.

But what’s happening with water and wastewater in Alaska’s urban areas? Are water utilities much different in Anchorage, Fairbanks, Juneau, and Mat-Su than Outside? What are the issues facing these utility providers? Over the course of several months, Alaska Business Monthly readers are learning about utilities in Alaska’s major population centers and fi nding out how each community is preparing for the future.

Urban Water & Wastewater: FairbanksUrban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater:Urban Water & Wastewater: Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks Fairbanks


and Water owns Golden Heart, College Utilities, and the utilities’ administra-tive arm, Utility Services of Alaska. Fair-banks Sewer and Water, in turn, is owned by Corix, a privately held corporation based in Vancouver, BC, Canada, and Wauwatosa, Wisconsin. Corix is princi-pally owned by the British Columbia In-vestment Management Corporation.

PrivatelyManaged,PublicMinded

In the mid-1990s, the city of Fairbanks’s utility system was in a tough situation. Former mayor Jerry Cleworth, a council member at the time, says the all-enclosed wastewater treatment plant was seeing problems related to heavy condensation. Electrical systems were rusting, he says,

and other problems were creeping up. Th e city asked voters to approve a bond to cov-er the cost of repairs, but the bond failed.

“We were in a world of hurt,” he says.Th e city had two options, Cleworth says:

hike utility rates to cover the costs, mak-

Steve Harvey (foreman) makes a centrifuge adjustment on operation panel #2. New centrifuge building as seen looking due east along main entrance to Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP).

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“Th ey [Corix] have an option to buy but they chose not to because they like this public/private partnership. It gives them access to grants and state or fed-eral funds. It’s kind of an unusual part-nership,” he says.

Golden Heart Utilities recently part-nered with the city on a $4.6 million upgrade to the wastewater treatment plant; one of the largest recent projects the utility has undertaken. Tiff any Van Horn, vice president and director of ad-ministration for Golden Heart and Col-lege Utilities, says the municipality was eligible to receive federal funding for the wastewater project, so the city received the loan and passed the money to Gold-en Heart to do the work. City workers have also assisted by doing some engi-neering work for the utility, she says.

WaterProcess:Treat,Heat,andDistribute

Golden Heart Utilities’ water service de-livers treated water to about fi ft y thou-sand customers in the city of Fairbanks and at the University of Alaska Fair-banks. A number of other Fairbanks-area residents also receive Golden Heart Utilities water from privately operated fi ll stations. Golden Heart Utilities operates three wells—two in use—and generally uses about 3.5 million gallons each day.

Golden Heart Utilities water plant operator Sam Fleury says a number of people who live in the hills around the city either have no wells or have wells with higher-than-safe levels of arsenic, a carcinogen.

According to studies by the US Cen-ters for Disease Control, US Geological Service, and the University, many do-mestic wells in the Fairbanks level con-tain some of the highest concentrations of arsenic in the nation. Th e higher-than-usual concentration is due in part to arsenic-rich rocks in the area, an issue compounded by the area’s gold-mining history, which exposed more of the arsenic to runoff and streams and eventually to drinking water supplies.

In addition to high arsenic levels, Fleury says for many residents of the hills around Fairbanks drilling a well is a gamble. Water—if present at all—might be one thousand feet below the surface.

Filling stations have long been a part of Fairbanks’ water distribution system. Fleury says the city used to operate a

ing Fairbanks utilities the highest-priced in the state, or tap into prof-its from other city-owned utilities to cover the repairs. For the short term, city leaders chose to subsi-dize by tapping revenue from the city-owned telephone utility. But it was a short-term solution, Cle-worth says—deregulation spelled out the end of the telephone utility. City leaders asked voters for per-mission to sell its utilities.

Corix later purchased the water utility. Th e wastewater treatment plant is leased, Cleworth says, so if an operator abandoned the utility it would revert to city ownership. Th e city receives about $400,000 a year in lease payments, money that pays for general operations and helps keep taxes low, Cle-worth says.

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public fi lling station, when the utility was municipality-owned. Now, private operators run fi lling stations. Th ey’re more than a simple outdoor tap, Fleury says. One fi lling station, Th e Fill, on Chena Ridge Spur Road, has space for ten vehicles to get water and one spot for a commercial tanker to fi ll with water.

On the main distribution system, Fleury says one of the primary concerns is keeping water lines from freezing. Th e utility buys about $75,000 worth of steam each month between Novem-ber and April from neighboring Aurora Energy, a coal-burning power plant, he says. Th e steam is used to heat up treat-ed water from thirty-nine degrees to be-tween eighty and ninety degrees before it’s sent out into the distribution system.

“Th ey pipe steam to us, and we send back condensate,” Fleury says.

Keeping the water on the move is an-other important tool in keeping pipes from freezing in the severe cold, Fleury says. Th e two utilities, Golden Heart and College, have twenty-three indi-vidual pumping stations dedicated to keeping water fl owing through the dis-tribution system.

Van Horn says the relatively high number of lift stations is also necessary because Fairbanks is a very fl at city. A gravity-fl ow system needs elevation changes—natural or provided through a lift station—to work.

Keeping water from freezing isn’t the only hurdle to running an effi cient wa-ter and wastewater utility in an Arctic climate. Th e other end of the system, wastewater treatment, also includes special measures that make treatment happen in subzero temperatures.

AnInsideJob:TreatingWaste-water

Golden Heart Utilities runs the larg-est fully enclosed wastewater treatment plant in Alaska. Set up to process 8 mil-lion gallons of waste a day, wastewater treatment plant foreman Steve Harvey says the plant processes about 4.5 mil-lion gallons daily in the winter and around 5.5 million gallons each day in the summer. Th e water comes from customers within Fairbanks city limits, the University, Fort Wainwright, and commercial septage waste haulers.

Harvey says the collection system is pretty typical. About sixty lift stations

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are in operation around the Fairbanks bowl, directing wastewater to the treat-ment facility on Peger Road, a few hun-dred yards from the Tanana River.

Th e wastewater gets screened for large trash. What makes it through the screens goes into an infl uent well, while the trash is pressed and hauled to the landfi ll. Th e wastewater in the well is sent to two aerobic aerators—large concrete cells that hold 750,000 gallons each—and oxygen is piped into it to al-low breakdown of bacteria.

Large compressors supply the oxygen to encourage the breakdown of waste. It’s one of the most expensive aspects of the process, Harvey says. Providing oxygen is key—too little and the bacte-ria break down very slowly.

From there it goes into several large clarifi ers, where the sludge settles out of the water. Depending on how much water is still present in the sludge, it is either sent to aerobic digesters for more settling or thickened and sent off to be composted.

Th e clarifi ed water is laundered, a pro-cess through which air is again inserted into the water, and sent into one of four chlorine contact basins for fi nal treat-ment, Harvey says. It’s laundered once more and sent out to the Tanana River.

Th e fact that the facility is enclosed means wastewater treatment happens year-round with few hiccups. A draw-back to an enclosed system, however, is that repairs are more diffi cult than they might be in an outdoor facility.

“We can’t get in and access our aera-tors or digesters because they’re com-pletely enclosed. Th ey fi ll up with ma-terial over time and it’s always kind of a mystery what’s going on in there,” Harvey says.

Cleanouts or repairs require draining an aeration tank out and bringing in a crane to help open things up. It’s not an ac-tion to be done without a lot of planning.

“It upsets our plant,” Harvey says. “It’s a biological process and we typi-cally start violating our permit [if one aeration tank is offl ine]. Th e last time we did that, it seemed to take about a month to get back up and running.”

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allowed the utility to change to a new way of handling its sludge, ultimately making the process of removing water happen faster and more effi ciently.

Th e utility formerly used a large belt press, reminiscent of old wringer-type washing machines, which squeezed wa-ter out of the sludge. Th e new system re-moves water by using centrifugal force, spinning it in a nearly ten-foot long tube with a screw in the center. Solid wastes are collected at one end and liq-uid, or centrate, goes out the other end.

“It’s a lot drier coming out of the centrifuge,” Harvey says of the sludge. About twice as dry, he says.

Compost:UsingWastetoGrowGrassandFlowers

Harvey says although the wastewater treatment plant has been enclosed for sev-eral decades, composting is a recent addi-tion to the process. Th e sludge previously was sent to a drying bed system that, un-fortunately “did not work, especially in the winter.” Operators experimented with dumping the sludge into outdoor lagoons instead and adding lime to help process it, but that didn’t work out either.

“It was a nuisance around town—it stank,” he says.

Charlie Knight, a former associate professor of agronomy at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, says he was on a committee in the 1990s that recom-mended composting the waste.

“Th e initial concern was that we would have to insulate it during the winter,” he says. Th at didn’t turn out to be a problem.

“Th ey never have a problem keeping it hot enough to keep it composting over the winter,” he says. “I think it’s the best meth-od of treatment for [the treatment plant].”

Harvey says the compost crew has three asphalt pads with liners onto which the pressed and dried sludge is dumped and mixed with wood chips to provide airspace for bacteria to work. It’s turned as needed and re-stacked aft er it has transformed from sludge to compost. When temperatures warm, the compost is screened to recover the wood chips and the fi ne compost is tested to “ensure the absence of harmful patho-gens,” according to Golden Heart Utili-ties’ website, and then sold to the public.

According to Golden Heart Utilities, the federal Environmental Protection Agency has rated the compost as “Ex-ceptional Quality,” the agency’s highest rating for compost.

A report by the University’s Coop-erative Extension Service also had high praise: “Th e fi nished compost has an earthy smell and makes an excellent soil amendment,” the report states.

Knight says he regularly uses the com-post on his fl ower gardens. It’s also pop-ular for use on lawns, he says. Harvey says a pickup load sells for $20 and it’s a sought-aft er item, selling out quickly each summer.

“Th ey’re not making any money on it. It’s kind of a public service,” he says of Golden Heart Utilities.

Rindi White is a freelance journalist living in Palmer.

A loader is stockpiling waste sludge into curing mounds.




Fresh. Clean. Inviting. Th at’s the way people frequently describe buildings designed by Spark De-

sign, a trio of women behind a number of prominent buildings under con-struction in Anchorage.

Take the new locally-owned Natu-ral Pantry store, for example. Owners Rick and Vikki Solberg approached the landowner, Neeser Construction, and engaged with them on a design-build process with Neeser working as the de-veloper and Spark Design as the archi-tects. As a large natural foods grocery store, a boxy shape is almost inevitable. But the entrance and the exterior are livened up by simple curves, colorful fi nishes and a variety of textures.

“Looking at the site plan, we have traf-fi c coming up A Street and also along 36th [Avenue]. At that major vehicular intersection, the client wanted to create a focal point to draw the community in. At this location, the design incor-porates a community garden, outdoor

seating, and an indoor café area, where customers can purchase food and bev-erages,” says Tara Gallagher, one of the three founders of Spark Design.

Th e circular entrance area, Spark co-founder Deanna Wlad says, was incor-porated as a way to make the entrance inviting from the major intersection and to bring in as much natural daylight as possible. Th e covered canopy draws inspiration from a canopy of trees—a nod to nature and to healthy living.

“Th e canopy is the focal point for community activity,” Wlad says. “Th ey plan to have community classes on liv-ing a healthy lifestyle and a community garden where fresh produce is donated to local homeless shelters.”

OverlappingSchedulesTh e Natural Pantry project, which was ex-pected to be completed in January with the offi cial grand opening later in the spring, is an example of Spark Design’s collabora-

Above: The new Natural Pantry is visually interesting.

Right: Spark Design founders from left, Deanna Wlad, Tara Gallagher, and Deanna Nafzger.

‘Working with and engaging owners’

By Rindi White

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Alaska’s Source for 2D Plotters and 3D PrintersAlaska’s Source for 2D Plotters and 3D PrintersAlaska’s Source for 2D Plotters and 3D PrintersAlaska’s Source for 2D Plotters and 3D PrintersAlaska’s Source for 2D Plotters and 3D PrintersAlaska’s Source for 2D Plotters and 3D Printers

Born as an offshoot of Sandy’s Photo Center in 1976 as a local supply option for the commer-

cial offset printing industry, Alaska Printer’s Supply has, in its 37 years, evolved into the premiere Alaska distributor for that market. The com-pany’s loyal customers trust APS to be available to help them stay current in the rapidly-changing world of print-ing technology and to provide them with affordable, reliable equipment by which to accomplish those goals. In addition, they offer experienced, certified technicians to service these purchases, thus enabling their clients to maximize production. Loyalty and trust remain the backbone of APS’s success.

3D PRINTING MACHINESThe company is now distributing a variety of products for engineering and architectural offices. For example, APS sells 3D printing machines (also known as additive manufacturing machines) from 3DSystems that can transform a digital file into a three-di-mensional solid object of virtually any shape. So now, instead of taking weeks to build a complex model of a struc-ture, local architectural and engineer-ing firms can produce mockups more quickly and easily. With 3D printing, they can create better prototypes of their upcoming projects, says Bruce

Ross, president of APS. “Our 3D ma-chines have the unique ability to print in full color, so customers who buy our machines will be able to produce fantastic prototypes for public meet-ings and presentations,” Ross says.

EXPANDED PORTFOLIOAlaska Printer’s Supply has also ex-panded its portfolio of products with Epson engineering plotters, which can create large-format paper prints for bid proposals and other presen-tations. With the enhancement of its products, the company is striving to establish itself as a major supplier to the engineering and architectural world.

As an Alaska owned and oper-ated business, Alaska Printer’s Supply maintains a long-term view of how it handles the sales process and is very careful about client relations. “Being in the relatively small community that we have here in Alaska, we feel that our integrity with our customers is paramount,” Ross says. “There aren’t any bridges that can be burned here in Alaska.”

EMBRACING NEW TECHNOLOGYBeing a local business, Ross says, is in-herent to the success of Alaska Printer’s Supply. Innovation is also a key factor. The company has always been a leader in embracing new technology. In fact,

it was the second dealer in the United States to distribute Postscript laser imag-esetters. APS was also an early dealer of products for the direct-to-plate revolu-tion that hit the publishing industry in 2001. “I have always kept an eye forward to future developments in the printing and publishing industry,” Ross says. “We are not afraid of promoting the latest technology.”

APS is a member of the prestigious American Dealer Group, a leading consortium of independently-owned suppliers in the graphic arts and print-ing trade for North America.

Alaska Printer’s Supply remains true to its mission. The company is committed to providing Alaska busi-nesses with the finest equipment and consumable products, as well as service for that equipment, to sup-port their operations. The new 2D and 3D equipment lines allow Alaska Printer’s Supply to look forward to an exciting future.

Epson SureColor T5000 engineering plotter Bruce Ross with 3D architectural models 3DSystems ProJet 460 Plus

Bruce Ross, President 907 E. Dowling Rd., Suite 30Anchorage, AK 99518Tel: 907-563-7060 Fax: 907-563-0897alaskaprinterssupply.com

Alaska Printer’s SupplyBusinessPROFILE


tive process. Glenn Kolberg, project super-intendent for Neeser Construction, says the design fi rm places a strong emphasis on team collaboration. While traditional design-bid-build projects take a more stair-step approach in which the work proceeds in phases, design-build projects oft en have design and construction sched-ules that overlap. Owners, designers, and builders work together throughout the course of the project.

“A lot of the projects Spark is working on with Neeser are design-build. You have to have an open-minded design team that works really well together for not only a unique-looking, beautiful building, but to meet budget constraints. And Spark De-sign is really good at providing materials and design solutions that work in those [creative] aspects while still meeting bud-get concerns,” Kolberg says.

Spark Design is also working with Nees-er Construction on the $22 million KTUU Northern Lights Media Center being built in Midtown Anchorage. Jerry Neeser, president of Neeser Construction, says he has been working with Gallagher, Wlad, and Deanna Nafzger, the third founder of the company, for more than fi ft een years. Th e trio is Neeser’s top choice for private-sector development projects, he says.

“Th ey’re good producers, good think-ers, and they understand design-build. Th ey understand the cost and… they’re very good at working with and engag-ing owners,” Neeser says. “Th ey walk the line very well between owners, agencies, and contractors.”

Ed Zernia, construction project man-ager for Southcentral Foundation, a medical provider for Alaska Native and American Indian people living through-out Alaska, says his organization is work-ing with Spark on a two phased, $20 mil-lion therapy center near Goose Lake Park at Elmore and Tudor Roads in Anchorage. Phase one of that project is anticipated to break ground in the summer of 2014.

Th e design fi rm is also working on a number of small projects to assist South-central Foundation in reorganizing de-partments to accommodate growth and change within their more than 1 million square feet of medical offi ce space.

Zernia says he’s worked with Wlad, Gallagher, and Nafzger for several years and is routinely impressed with their ability to adapt to their clients’ needs.

“[Southcentral Foundation is] a very dynamic company, always changing,” he says. “When we change our plans they just roll right with it. Th ey are very re-

sponsive to our needs and to how things change.”

SmallMeansInvolved,AgileBeing able to roll with changes and ad-just quickly is part of why Nafzger, Gal-lagher, and Wlad decided to form Spark Design. Th e three started their own architectural design fi rm in December 2011. Two years later the fi rm has six employees—the three founders plus three full-time staff .

“We thought we had a unique way to serve our clients here in town and to provide really high-quality services,” Nafzger says. She and her partners want-ed to take ownership of how they work with clients at all levels.

“We evaluate each client and each proj-ect individually and tailor our approach to meet the client’s and the project’s needs. In that way we ensure we are providing as much value to our clients as possible,” Nafzger says. “We see ourselves as the me-dium that brings our clients’ vision to life.”

“We educate our clients about cur-rent trends, as well as to opportunities and options. Th is allows the clients to set their own project goals and vision with our guidance,” Gallagher says.

Spark takes the collaborative process to the next step by having a completely open studio, with no walled offi ces. Meetings happen at the large “dining room table” in the middle of the space. Nafzger says everyone at Spark is en-couraged to participate in all levels of design and project development.

Above: Southcentral Foundation Therapy Center.

Left: KTUU’s Northern Lights Media Center.

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“Th e open studio design helps us learn from each other,” Gallagher says.

ConnectingToCreateStyleTh e three women come from diff erent backgrounds, but share a similar per-spective in how design should happen: that is, it should refl ect the client, not necessarily their own personal style.

Nafzger is a Midwesterner who grew up inspecting the inner workings of large buildings with her father, an elevator me-chanic, in St. Louis. She says she got into design because a thoughtful high school geometry teacher pointed out that she was skilled at math and loved the arts.

“It always kind of stuck in the back of my head,” she says, and she eventually decided to attend University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, where the design school focused on sustainability with an emphasis on design-build and col-laborative architecture. Nafzger says her thought process was also shaped by a year studying abroad in Paris.

Gallagher is a lifelong Alaskan, born in Valdez and raised there and in An-chorage. She learned about design each summer when she visited her grand-father, a custom homebuilder in Colo-rado. She studied at the University of Idaho in Moscow, Idaho, and complet-ed her Master’s Degree at their Boise Campus. Th e master’s program has an intense focus on urban design.

“What I took away from that focus is how to create places that make a per-son’s experience better—how to create environments that make people feel safe, that make people want to be some-where,” Gallagher says.

Wlad is from Alberta, Canada, and says she grew up in a family that was very hands-on: if you want to get something done, you do it, she says. She went to Mon-tana State University and says she doesn’t feel she has a style, per se, but instead tries to connect emotionally with clients to un-derstand not only what they want but also how they want to feel in their space.

“Our work is client specifi c,” she says. “Th at’s why it’s so rewarding and essen-tial that we connect with our clients—you can’t achieve a unifi ed vision if you’re not connected to your clients.”

Rindi White is a freelance journalist living in Palmer.

ALASKA’S ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY

FOR A CLEAN FUTURE

SGS North America Inc.Environmental Services

200 West Potter DriveAnchorage, Alaska 99518p. 907 562 2343f. 907 562 0119

WWW.SGS.COM WHEN YOU NEED TO BE SURE

SGS IS THE WORLD’S LEADING INSPECTION, VERIFICATION, TESTING AND CERTIFICATION COMPANY

AKCompany Top Executive Estab. Empls. Services

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Empls. Services

Architects Alaska900 W. Fifth Ave., Suite 403Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-272-3567 Fax: 907-277-1732

Mark Kneedler, Pres.

[email protected]

1950 30 Architectural design, space planning, interior design, and master planning forcommercial, industrial, residential, medical, religious and educational facilities statewide.

Bettisworth North Architects & Planners212 Front St., Suite 200Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-456-5780 Fax: 907-451-8522

Tracy Vanairsdale, Mng. Prin. Arch.

[email protected]

1976 32 Anchorage Office: 2600 Denali Street, Suite 710, Roy Rountree, AIA, Principal. Alaskaarchitecture, landscape architecture, interior design and planning for healthcare,education, military, housing, libraries, museums, public safety, civic buildings, seniorcare, and commercial development.

Bezek Durst Seiser3330 C St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-6076 Fax: 907-562-6635

Daniel Seiser, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 22 Master planning, space planning, concept development, design, interior design, grantassistance, project development, feasibility and development assistance.

Blue Sky Studio6771 Lauden Cir.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-677-9078 Fax: 907-677-9079

Catherine Call, Owner

[email protected]

2002 2 Architecture with a focus on residential and food service projects.

Design Alaska, Inc.601 College Rd.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-452-1241 Fax: 907-456-6883

Jack Wilbur, Pres.

[email protected]

1957 52 Design Alaska provides architecture; civil, structural, mechanical, fire protection,electrical, and environmental engineering; landscape architecture; and surveying. Thefirm also offers planning, condition assessments, energy modeling, LEED, constructionadministration and commissioning.

ECI/Hyer Inc.101 W. Benson Blvd., Suite 306Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-561-5543 Fax: 907-562-3213

Brian Meissner, Principal

[email protected]

1981 20 ECI/Hyer is an award-winning architecture, interior design, and planning firm based inAnchorage, Alaska. For over 30 years, our firm has been designing people places.

GParch Architects, Gary Peterson & Assoc.207 E. Northern Lights Blvd., Suite 110Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-563-1942 Fax: 907-561-6847

Gary Peterson, Pres.

gparch.net

1982 4 Architectural design.

Ivy & Co. Architects/Mark A. Ivy Corp.3835 Spenard Rd.Anchorage, AK 99517Phone: 907-563-5656 Fax: 907-563-5657

Mark Ivy, Principal Architect

[email protected]

1984 5 Innovative residential and commercial designs for the Alaska environment.

Jensen Yorba Lott Inc.522 W. Tenth St.Juneau, AK 99801Phone: 907-586-1070 Fax: 907-586-3959

Wayne Jensen, AIA/Pres.

jensenyorbalott.com

1935 13 Planning, programing, design and construction administration for architecture, interiordesign, space planning and construction management.

Ke Mell ArchitectsPO Box 21898Juneau, AK 99802Phone: 907-463-3942

Ke Mell, Owner

[email protected]

1987 1 Architecture, including design and construction documents, planning and consulting.

kpb architects425 G St., Suite 800Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-274-7443 Fax: 907-274-7407

Mike Prozeralik, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 22 Award winning full service cold climate/arctic design experts in architecture, planning,landscape architecture, interior design, design-build; Native, federal, housing,healthcare, K-12 schools, retail/commercial projects; client oriented pre-design andenergy efficient renovation/expansion leader.

Kumin Associates Inc.808 E St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-272-8833 Fax: 907-272-7733

Charles Banister, Principal

[email protected]

1977 20 Kumin Associates provides planning and architectural and interior design for urban, ruraland remote facilities throughout Alaska and in Washington, Greenland, Antarctica, andthe Russian Far East.

Larsen Consulting Group Inc.3710 Woodland Dr., Suite 2100Anchorage, AK 99517Phone: 907-243-8985 Fax: 907-243-5629

Wallace Swanson, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1993 18 Celebrating 20 years serving Alaskans in over 175 communities, LCG is a multi-disciplined firm providing architecture, structural, civil and sanitation engineering, landsurveying and mapping services. Our staff specializes in rural infrastructure projectssuccessfully completing 1000+ projects.

Little Susitna Construction Co.821 N St., Suite 207Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-274-7571 Fax: 907-277-3300

Tammie Smith, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1980 11 A General, mechanical and electrical contractor. Architects, civil, mechanical andelectrical engineers, licensed in 12 states. Construction project management. Importer,exporter and global project consultation.

Livingston Slone Inc.3900 Arctic Blvd., Suite 301Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-550-7400 Fax: 907-561-4528

Don Slone, PE

[email protected]

1975 20 Architecture (all phases), civil engineering, construction administration.

Martha Hanlon Architects Inc.PO Box 72292Fairbanks, AK 99707Phone: 907-458-7225 Fax: 907-458-7226

Martha Hanlon, AIA/Pres.

[email protected]

1998 1 Architectural design and project planning.

Mayer Sattler-Smith LLC1104 W. Seventh Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-277-7878 Fax: 907-277-7899

Klaus Mayer, PartnerPetra Sattler-Smith, Partner

mayersattler-smith.com

2001 2 Architecture. Find us on Facebook.


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Michael L. Foster & Associates, Inc.13135 Old Glenn Hwy., Suite 200Eagle River, AK 99577Phone: 907-696-6200 Fax: 907-696-6202

Michael Foster, PE/Owner

[email protected]

1998 20 Environmental planning documents (EA/EIS), and full-service A/E firm with design/build,construction management, and general contracting capabilities.

Nvision Architecture Inc.1231 Gambell St., Suite 400Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-349-1425 Fax: 907-349-1325

Bill Tatom, CEO

[email protected]

1997 10 Full-service architectural firm.

RIM Architects645 G St., Suite 400Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-258-7777 Fax: 907-279-8195

Larry Cash, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1986 29 Providing comprehensive architectural services since 1986, RIM Architects' Alaska officehas a staff of 29, including 15 Registered Alaska Architects. Projects encompasscommercial, civic and cultural, educational, healthcare, residential and federal. The firmalso has offices in CA, HI and GU.

RIM First People LLC645 G St., Ste. 400Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-644-7877 Fax: 907-279-8195

Michael Fredericks, Owner

[email protected]

2002 1 Alaska Native-owned and operated company providing architectural and projectmanagement services. In addition the firm offers its specialization in participatory design,adding value to the client's project. Committed to incorporating the significance of theuser in the design process.

Simpson Associates Inc.PO Box 240125Anchorage, AK 99524Phone: 907-562-0944 Fax: 907-562-3944

Mark Simpson, Pres./Architect 1975 2 Architectural services and construction management.

UMIAQ6700 Arctic Spur Rd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-677-8220 Fax: 907-677-8286

Richard S. Reich, P.E. , Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1982 200 UMIAQ is a member of the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation (UIC) family of companies.UMIAQ services include resource development, design, architecture, engineering,regulatory planning, stakeholder relations, surveying, logistics, onshore/offshore spillresponse, Arctic science support, etc.

USKH Inc.2515 A St.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-276-4245 Fax: 907-258-4653

Timothy Vig, Pres./Principal

[email protected]

1972 100 USKH is a full-service, multidiscipline architectural and engineering firm. We werenamed the No. 6 Best Multidiscipline Firm to Work For in the nation (2013). Our Vision:Making communities better places to live. We love what we do and it shows in ourprojects.

WHPacific Inc.300 W. 31st Ave.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-339-6500 Fax: 907-339-5327

Robert Macomber, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 50 Architecture and multidiscipline engineering planning and design; survey and mapping;planning, GIS, permitting and grant writing; environmental site assessments and naturalresource services; geologists and environmental scientists; project management andconstruction administration services.


Empls. Services

AMC Engineers701 E. Tudor Rd., Suite 250Anchorage, AK 99503-7457Phone: 907-257-9100 Fax: 907-257-9191

Pat Cusick, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 32 AMC Engineers is an award winning firm that specializes in mechanical, electrical,control and telecommunications engineering services in support of institutional, industrialand commercial projects. AMC also provides related services such as commissioning,life cycle cost analysis, energy modeling, and assistance with LEED accreditation.

ASRC Energy Services Inc.3900 C St., Suite 701Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-339-6200 Fax: 907-339-6212

Jeff Kinneeveauk, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1985 2,530 Since 1985, AES has offered a full range of services, from exploration, permitting, andfield development to production optimization and decommissioning, as well as offshoreoil response equipment and resources. Our family of companies allows us to prepareand transition client projects for the next stage of exploration, development, or design.

BBFM Engineers Inc.510 L St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99501-1949Phone: 907-274-2236 Fax: 907-274-2520

Dennis Berry, Pres.

[email protected]

1996 14 Structural engineering design and construction administration for new buildings andadditions to existing buildings, analysis of existing buildings, including seismicevaluations and condition surveys, design of tanks and modules, and design of bridges(i.e. walkways and small trail bridges). Specialize in cold climates: Alaska and Antarctica.

Bezek Durst Seiser3330 C St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-6076 Fax: 907-562-6635

Daniel Seiser, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 22 Master planning, space planning, concept development, design, interior design, grantassistance, project development, feasibility and development assistance.

Bratslavsky Consulting Engineers, Inc.500 W. 27th Ave., Suite AAnchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-272-5264 Fax: 907-272-5214

Tanya Bratslavsky, Pres.

[email protected]

1985 11 Bratslavsky Consulting Engineers, Inc. is a multi-discipline engineering and projectmanagement company specializing in full design, value engineering, tenantimprovements, facility condition and ADA assessments, permitting, energy upgrades andaudits, construction management and inspections, QA/QC, and other services.

Bristol Engineering Services Corporation111 W. 16th Ave., Third FloorAnchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-563-0013 Fax: 907-563-6713

Travis Woods, Sr. Civil Engineer/CEO

[email protected]

1994 17 Civil engineering, permitting and planning; total project management encompassingplanning, design and construction.

CH2M HILL949 E. 36th Ave., Suite 500Anchorage, AK 99508Phone: 907-762-1500 Fax: 907-762-1600

Terry Bailey, Sr. VP, AK Reg. Mgr.

[email protected]/alaska

1946 2,332 Alaska's premier oil and gas contractor, providing project development & technology,program management; integrated engineering, procurement, construction (EPC/EPCM),project delivery; field services. Specialized in engineering, construction, fabrication,infrastructure development, environmental, water, transportation, etc.

ChemTrack Alaska, Inc.11711 S. Gambell St.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-349-2511 Fax: 907-522-3150

Carrie Lindow, Pres.

[email protected]

1973 835 Please check out our Statement of Qualifications at chemtrack.net/about_us.htm.


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Combs Engineering503 Charteris St.Sitka, AK 99835-7042Phone: 907-747-5725

Chris Combs, PE 1994 1 Mechanical engineer providing HVAC and plumbing design services.

Cooper Consulting Engineers8183 Threadneedle St.Juneau, AK 99801-9125Phone: 907-789-3422

John Cooper, PE/Principal/Owner

[email protected]

1982 1 General civil consulting for residential and commercial clients.

DAT/EM Systems International8240 Sandlewood Pl., Suite 101Anchorage, AK 99507-3122Phone: 907-522-3681 Fax: 907-522-3688

Jeff Yates, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1987 11 DAT/EM Systems International is an Alaska-based developer of world-classphotogrammetric software. Since 1987, DAT/EM has built human interface tools toefficiently extract and edit 3D vector features from stereo imagery and point clouds.

Del Norte Surveying Inc.PO Box 110553Anchorage, AK 99511Phone: 907-345-8003 Fax: 907-345-8002

Lisa Greer, Owner

[email protected]

1986 212 Professional land survey firm providing survey services to both the public and privatesectors. Our clients have been the AK St DOT, Fish & Wildlife, National Park Service,MOA, FAA, Cook Inlet Housing, engineering firms, oil companies and misc. generalcontractors. DNS is certified as a woman and minority business.

Design Alaska, Inc.601 College Rd.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-452-1241 Fax: 907-456-6883

Jack Wilbur, Pres.

[email protected]

1957 52 Design Alaska provides architecture; civil, structural, mechanical, fire protection,electrical, and environmental engineering; landscape architecture; and surveying. Thefirm also offers planning, condition assessments, energy modeling, LEED, constructionadministration and commissioning.

DOWL HKM4041 B St.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-2000 Fax: 907-563-3953

Stewart Osgood, Pres.

[email protected]

1962 167 A multi-disciplined consulting firm that has been providing civil engineering & relatedservices for more than 50 years. We maintain in-house expertise in public involvement,master planning & project permitting, environmental services & permitting, civilengineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, etc.

Doyon Anvil509 W. Third Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-276-2747 Fax: 907-279-4088

Werner Plagge, Gen. Mgr.

doyonanvil.com

1984 40 Full service consulting engineering for the Petro chemical industry.

EDC Inc.213 W. Fireweed Ln.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-276-7933 Fax: 907-276-4763

John Faschan, Pres.

[email protected]

1980 9 EDC provides mechanical and electrical engineering services for municipal, industrialand commercial facilities. One of EDC's major service areas is the design of rural water,wastewater and energy systems. EDC also designs roadway lighting and signalizationfor transportation projects.

EEIS Consulting Engineers4400 Business Park Blvd., Suite B-100Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-258-3231 Fax: 907-272-1288

Rick Button, Pres./Principal Engineer

[email protected]

1989 13 Architectural services, structural, civil, mechanical, mechanical process, electrical andinstrumentation engineering. Projects include Man Camps, Office Buildings,Warehouses, Hangars and various projects for rig and productioin support.

EHS - Alaska Inc.11901 Business Blvd., Suite 208Eagle River, AK 99577Phone: 907-694-1383 Fax: 907-694-1382

Robert French, Principal in Charge

[email protected]

1986 10 Hazardous building materials identification and project design. Code compliance andplans review. Industrial hygiene and worker safety, health and safety plans, airmonitoring.

Electric Power Systems3305 Arctic Blvd., Suite 201Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-522-1953 Fax: 907-522-1182

David Burlingame , Pres.

[email protected]

1996 200 EPS provides substation, generation, controls, protection, system planning and analysisand distribution engineering for utility, industrial, and governmental clients. EPS holds anumber of long term and alliance type contracts and relationships.

EMC Engineering LLC4701 Business Park Blvd., Suite J-15Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-644-3923

Ryan Bloom, Owner

[email protected]

2002 50 We provide construction administration, civil engineering, quality control management,materials testing and special inspection services.

Enterprise Engineering, Inc.2525 Gambell St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-563-3835 Fax: 907-563-3817

Kevin Murphy, Pres.

[email protected]

1972 38 Established in 1972, EEI provides multidiscipline consulting engineering and specialtyservices to public and private clients throughout Alaska and worldwide. Our Anchorageoffice is home to a thriving team of 38 engineers, surveyors, designers, and supportstaff. With every project and every client we work together to bring clarity to the complex.

Environmental Management Inc.206 E. Fireweed Ln., Suite 201Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-272-9336 Fax: 907-272-4159

Larry Helgeson, Principal Eng.

[email protected]

1988 16 Environmental & civil engineering, compliance & consulting such as Phase I, Phase II,asbestos mngmt. & design, HUD lead paint activities, UST removals, biologicalsampling, SWPPPs, SPCCs, & related contamination remediation services & training. Ateam of dedicated professionals working to make Alaska cleaner and safer for tomorrow.

Franklin & Associates225 E. Fireweed Ln., Suite 202Anchorage, AK 99503-2080Phone: 907-277-1631 Fax: 907-277-2939

Nelson Franklin, PE/Owner 1990 1 Engineering services, structural engineering.

Fred Walatka & Associates3107 W. 29th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99517-1704Phone: 907-248-1666 Fax: 907-243-2081

Fred Walatka, Owner

[email protected]

1967 6 We do plot plans, as builts, ALTA's, and lot staking.

Fugro5761 Silverado Way, Suite OAnchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-561-3478 Fax: 907-561-5123

Deanne Hargrave, Ops Mgr.

[email protected]

1994 11 Offshore: marine geophysics and seafloor mapping, metocean services andgeotechnical investigations. Onshore: aerial and satellite mapping, precise positioning,geotechnical investigations, and regulatory and environmental assessments.


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Golder Associates Inc.2121 Abbott Rd., Suite 100Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-344-6001 Fax: 907-344-6011

Mark Musial, Principal/Mgr.

golder.com

1980 40 Arctic and geotechnical engineering, groundwater resource development, environmentalsciences and remedial investigation.

Haight & Associates, Inc.526 Main St.Juneau, AK 99801Phone: 907-586-9788 Fax: 907-586-5774

Benjamin Haight, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1980 7 Consulting electrical engineers serving Southeast Alaska since 1980.

Hart Crowser310 K St., Suite 243Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-276-7475

Jason Stutes, AK Office Mgr.

[email protected]

1974 2 Providing natural resources; environmental and geotechnical engineering; and hydro-geology support. Includes NEPA services, environmental permitting, baseline surveys(biological and chemical), fisheries, Endangered Species Act compliance, wetlands, andshoreline and in-water restoration.

Hasz Consulting LLCPO Box 1229Delta Junction, AK 99737Phone: 907-895-4770 Fax: 907-895-4346

John Hasz, Pres.

[email protected]

1993 5 Services in the fields of vibration analysis and manufacturing technology. Our state-of-the-art analytical equipment and experienced field personnel enable us to solve the mostdifficult problems. HC has experience working in many countries throughout Europe,Asia and South America as well as an extensive customer base in the US.

Hattenburg Dilley & Linnell3335 Arctic Blvd., Suite 100Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-564-2120

Scott Hattenburg, Principal/Pres.

[email protected]

2000 70 Hattenburg Dilley & Linnell, LLC is an Alaskan consulting firm specializing in civil,geotechnical, transportation, and arctic engineering, environmental and earth science,surveying, and construction management for government and industry.

HDR Alaska Inc.2525 C St., Suite 305Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-644-2000 Fax: 907-644-2022

Duane Hippe, Sr. VP/PE

[email protected]

1979 170 Engineering services cover civil and structural engineering for transportation, water/wastewater, solid waste, federal, military, and oil & gas infrastructure. Specialty servicesin design-build. Engineering supported by full range of environmental/planning staff. AKoffices supported by 8,600 HDR staff nationwide.

Jacobs4300 B St., Suite 600Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-563-3322 Fax: 907-563-3320

Terry Heikkila, Dir. AK Ops

jacobs.com

1947 90 Professional services supporting federal & energy clients. AK expertise includesenvironmental planning, permitting, compliance, investigation, remediation & emergencyresponse; energy conservation (retro-commissioning); remote logistics; design; planning;risk & construction management.

Langdon Engineering318 W. Tenth Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-272-1789 Fax: 907-272-1790

Albert Swank Jr., PE/Owner

[email protected]

1980 2 High technology nuclear physics research, nuclear medicine, biophysics, bioengineering,cryogenics, ultra high vacuum, thermal and other engineering and scientific areas toinclude high energy particle accelerators. Offices in Alaska and Washington State.

Lanning EngineeringPO Box 470Ester, AK 99725-0470Phone: 907-460-1557 Fax: 907-479-7711

David Lanning, PE/Principal

[email protected]

1991 1 Consulting civil and structural engineering.

Larsen Consulting Group Inc.3710 Woodland Dr., Suite 2100Anchorage, AK 99517Phone: 907-243-8985 Fax: 907-243-5629

Wallace Swanson, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1993 18 Celebrating 20 years serving Alaskans in over 175 communities, LCG is a multi-disciplined firm providing architecture, structural, civil and sanitation engineering, landsurveying and mapping services. Our staff specializes in rural infrastructure projectssuccessfully completing 1000+ projects.

Lifewater Engineering Company1936 Donald Ave.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-458-7024

Bob Tsigonis, Pres./PE

[email protected]

1998 8 Sewage treatment plant and drinking water treatment plant design, permitting,fabrication, training, and operation. Plants built to work in the most extremeenvironments and most remote places- but we do the easy ones too! Plastic tankfabrication.

Little Susitna Construction Co.821 N St., Suite 207Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-274-7571 Fax: 907-277-3300

Tammie Smith, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1980 11 A General, mechanical and electrical contractor. Architects, civil, mechanical andelectrical engineers, licensed in 12 states. Construction project management. Importer,exporter and global project consultation.

Livingston Slone Inc.3900 Arctic Blvd., Suite 301Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-550-7400 Fax: 907-561-4528

Don Slone, PE

[email protected]

1975 20 Architecture (all phases), civil engineering, construction administration.

Lounsbury & Associates5300 A St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-272-5451 Fax: 907-272-9065

Jim Sawhill, Pres.

[email protected]

1949 85 Civil engineering, land surveying, planning, construction management. Servicing localand state government, oil and gas industry and more.

MBA Consulting Engineers Inc.3812 Spenard Rd., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99517Phone: 907-274-2622 Fax: 907-274-0914

Bradley Sordahl, Principal

[email protected]

1989 15 MBA Consulting Engineers, Inc., established in 1989, is a full service mechanical andelectrical consulting engineering firm specializing in arctic, subarctic and northernmaritime design.

Michael Baker Jr. Inc.1400 W. Benson Blvd., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-273-1600 Fax: 907-273-1699

Jeffrey Baker, AK Office Principal

mbakercorp.com

1942 45 Engineering - pipeline, H&H, geotechnical, mechanical, civil, structural; GIS and LiDARmapping; design; NEPA and permitting.

Michael L. Foster & Associates, Inc.13135 Old Glenn Hwy., Suite 200Eagle River, AK 99577Phone: 907-696-6200 Fax: 907-696-6202

Michael Foster, PE/Owner

[email protected]

1998 20 Environmental planning documents (EA/EIS), and full-service A/E firm with design/build,construction management, and general contracting capabilities.


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Monrean Engineering & AssociatesPO Box 9343Ketchikan, AK 99901-4343Phone: 907-247-5920 Fax: 907-247-5918

Fred Monrean, PE

[email protected]

1997 1 Civil engineering, surveying, wastewater design, subdivisions, structural engineering,storm drainage design, foundation engineering, inspections, engineering reports, marinestructures, permitting, etc.

MWH1835 S. Bragaw St., Suite 350Anchorage, AK 99508Phone: 907-248-8883 Fax: 907-248-8884

Chris Brown, Alaska Reg. Mgr.

[email protected]

1977 40 Water, wastewater, environmental remediation, permitting and power.

NANA WorleyParsonsPO Box 111100Anchorage, AK 99511Phone: 907-273-3900 Fax: 907-273-3990

Rock Hengen, Pres./Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1997 500 Project delivery company focused on multi-discipline engineering and design,procurement and construction management services for the hydrocarbons, power,minerals and metals, and infrastructure and environmental.

NORTECH Inc.2400 College Rd.Fairbanks, AK 99709-3754Phone: 907-452-5688 Fax: 907-452-5694

John Hargesheimer, Pres.

[email protected]

1979 26 Environment energy, health and safety: A multidisciplined professional consulting firmwith registered engineers and certified industrial hygienists on staff providingenvironmental, engineering, energy auditing industrial hygiene and health and safetyprofessional services throughout Alaska.

Northern Land Use Research Alaska LLC234 Front St.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-474-9684 Fax: 907-474-8370

Burr Neely, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1991 21 National Historic Preservation Act Section 106 assessments; identification, evaluation,mitigation services-prehistoric and historic archaeology, historic architecture, culturallandscapes, and subsistence investigations; documents to satisfy NEPA and permittingrequirements. Statewide services-cultural resource regulatory compliance; consultation.

Northern Latitude AssociatesPO Box 61201Fairbanks, AK 99706Phone: 907-479-6370 Fax: 907-479-2270

Wayne Larson, PE/Pres.

[email protected]

1977 1 Engineering services. On-site water and wastewater inspections and testing.

Northern Mechanical EngineeringPO Box 113076Anchorage, AK 99511-3076Phone: 907-243-7254 Fax: 907-243-8495

Jay Smith, PE/Pres.

[email protected]

1991 1 Automotive engineering, accident reconstruction, failure analysis, machine design,stress analysis.

O'Neill Surveying & EngineeringPO Box 1849Sitka, AK 99835Phone: 907-747-6700 Fax: 907-747-7590

Patrick O'Neill, PE/RLS/Owner

[email protected]

1997 5 O'Neill Surveying & Engineering is a land surveying and civil engineering companyspecializing in land development, but active in all aspects of land surveying as well asroad and utility development and design.

PDC Inc. Engineers1028 Aurora Dr.Fairbanks, AK 99709Phone: 907-452-1414 Fax: 907-456-2707

Royce Conlon, Pres./Principal

pdceng.com

1975 76 PDC is a 100% employee-owned multi-disciplined engineering firm with over 75employees. We specialize in designing for the ever changing Arctic environment withexpertise in Civil, Electrical, Environmental, Fire Protection, Mechanical, and Structuralengineering; as well as Land Survey, Planning, and GIS services.

PM&E Services LLC123 E. 24th Ave. #11Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-222-5059 Fax: 907-222-5489

Damien Stella, Principal

[email protected]

1999 1 Project management and civil engineering support to a broad range of clients frommunicipal utilities to commercial and light industrial facilities.

PND Engineers Inc.1506 W. 36th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-561-1011 Fax: 907-563-4220

John Pickering, Pres.

pndengineers.com

1979 86 General civil, structural, geotechnical, arctic, marine, and coastal engineering; survey;permitting; hydrology; inspection; Q/A; among others.

Polarconsult Alaska1503 W. 33rd Ave., Suite 310Anchorage, AK 99503-3638Phone: 907-258-2420 Fax: 907-258-2419

Earle Ausman, Pres.

[email protected]

1978 7 Engineering and construction consulting: hydroelectric power plants, transmission lines,buildings, docks, fish plants, sewer, and water lines.

Price Gregory International301 W. Northern Lights Blvd., Suite 300Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-278-4400 Fax: 907-278-3255

David Matthews, VP/AK Area Mgr.

[email protected]

1974 200 Pipeline, power, heavy industrial construction, EPC and consulting services.Infrastructure construction services provider.

R&M Consultants Inc.9101 Vanguard Dr.Anchorage, AK 99507-4447Phone: 907-522-1707 Fax: 907-522-3403

Len Story, COO

[email protected]

1969 125 Engineering, geomatics, Earth sciences, construction administration.

R&M Engineering Inc.6205 Glacier Hwy.Juneau, AK 99801-7906Phone: 907-780-6060 Fax: 907-780-4611

Michael Story, PE/Pres.

[email protected]

1968 18 R&M provides civil, structural, and geotechnical engineering as well as land surveyingand materials testing and inspection in Southeast Alaska: Craig, Haines, Hoonah,Gustavus, Juneau, Ketchikan, Klawock, Sitka, Skagway, Wrangell and other SoutheastAlaska communities.

RA Kreig & Associates201 Barrow St., No. 1Anchorage, AK 99501-2429Phone: 907-276-2025 Fax: 907-258-9614

Ray Kreig, Pres.

[email protected]

1975 2 Civil engineering, terrain analysis, permafrost, airphoto interpretation, routing studies.

RBA Engineers, Inc.301 E. Fireweed Ln., Suite 100Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-276-3768 Fax: 907-276-4269

Manju Bhargava, Pres.

[email protected]

1977 10 Provides mechanical & electrical engineering services statewide inclusive of enhancedcommissioning, specially for military construction. In 2014, the firm has embarked uponits 36th year with US Fish & Wildlife Nidway Fire Pump, ICCAA House of Worship, FTW& JBER Commissioning Projects, Flying Museum and Ketchikan Roadways Illumination.


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Reid Middleton Inc.4300 B St., Suite 302Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-3439 Fax: 907-561-5319

Bob Galteland, Pres.

[email protected]

1953 8 We offer engineering, planning, and surveying through the disciplines of structural, civil,aviation, waterfront, and transportation to public and private sector clients throughout thePacific Northwest and Alaska. Our Anchorage office has grown to be one of the mostservice-oriented structural engineering firms in Alaska.

Rodney P. Kinney Associates Inc.16515 Centerfield Dr., Suite 101Eagle River, AK 99577Phone: 907-694-2332 Fax: 907-694-1807

Rodney Kinney, Jr. PE/Pres.

[email protected]

1980 17 Rodney P. Kinney Associates, Inc. (RPKA) is both a family-owned and Native Americancivil engineering and surveying firm which was founded in 1980. The firm is operated bythe three Kinney brothers who are tribal members of the Native Village of Savoonga.RPKA has the knowledge and expertise to assist with delivering transportation projects.

RSA Engineering Inc.2522 Arctic Blvd., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-276-0521 Fax: 907-276-1751

Mack Bergstedt, Pres.

[email protected]

1983 45 Mechanical/electrical consulting engineering services. Notable projects: IDIQ A/Eservices & engineering for various NSF projects at Antarctica & New Zealand, UAAValley Arts & Learning Center, Naknek Silver Bay Seafoods Development, Bethel YouthFacility Renovation, Pt. Lay Power Plant, and Cabela's Store.

Schneider Structural Engineers8811 Toloff St.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-561-2135 Fax: 907-561-2136

Jeff Robertson, PE/Principal

[email protected]

2000 12 Engineering services.

Shannon & Wilson Inc.2355 Hill Rd.Fairbanks, AK 99709-5326Phone: 907-479-0600 Fax: 907-479-5691

Chris Darrah, Assc./Fbx Office Mgr.

[email protected]

1974 30 Shannon & Wilson is a nationally renowned engineering and applied earth sciences firmwith offices in Anchorage, Fairbanks, and the Lower 48. Our services includegeotechnical analysis and design; frozen ground engineering; environmentalcompliance, assessments, and remediation; earthquake analysis; and materials testing.

Shannon & Wilson Inc.5430 Fairbanks St., Suite 3Anchorage, AK 99518-1263Phone: 907-561-2120 Fax: 907-561-4483

Stafford Glashan, VP/Anch. Ofc. Mgr.

[email protected]

1974 50 Shannon & Wilson is a nationally renowned engineering and applied earth sciences firmwith offices in Anchorage, Fairbanks, and the Lower 48. Our services includegeotechnical analysis and design; frozen ground engineering; environmentalcompliance, assessments, and remediation; earthquake analysis; and materials testing.

Steigers Corporation310 K St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 800-935-6569 Fax: 303-500-3113

William Steigers, Chairman/CEO

[email protected]

2004 1 With over 31 years continuous experience in Alaska, providing environmental consultingand permitting services to the energy, mining, power sectors. Speciality in air qualitypermitting.

Stephl Engineering LLC3900 Arctic Blvd., Suite 204Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-1468

Matt Stephl, PE

[email protected]

1996 5 Engineering firm specializing in trenchless technology engineering including horizontaldirectional drilling, cured in place pipe lining water sewer, closed circuit televisioninspection (CCTV), pipe condition assessment, sliplining, auger boring and structurerehabilitation.

Sustainable Design Group247 S. Alaska St.Palmer, AK 99645Phone: 907-745-3500

Eric Morey, Principal

[email protected]

2009 3 Sustainable Design Group, LLC (SDG) is a woman-owned and veteran-owned, smallbusiness, design firm offering full landscape architecture and land planning services,with a focus on Community and Economic Development specializing in environmentalplanning, site development and sustainable design.

Thompson Engineering Inc.721 Sesame St., Suite 2BAnchorage, AK 99503-6632Phone: 907-562-1552 Fax: 907-562-1530

Craig Thompson, Pres.

[email protected]

1989 2 Electrical Power Engineering.

UAF INEPO Box 755910Fairbanks, AK 99775Phone: 907-474-5457 Fax: 907-474-6686

Daniel White, Dir.

[email protected]

1982 60 The Institute of Northern Engineering provides research and engineering solutions forthe world's cold regions and beyond. INE conducts research in all areas of engineering,including, but not limited to: civil and environmental, petroleum, mining, geological,electrical, computer and mechanical engineering.

UMIAQ6700 Arctic Spur Rd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-677-8220 Fax: 907-677-8286

Richard S. Reich, P.E. , Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1982 200 UMIAQ is a member of the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation (UIC) family of companies.UMIAQ services include resource development, design, architecture, engineering,regulatory planning, stakeholder relations, surveying, logistics, onshore/offshore spillresponse, Arctic science support, etc.

Uni-Group Engineers, Inc.1000 O'Malley Rd., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-345-3647 Fax: 907-345-3648

Jenwei T. Chien, Owner/PE

[email protected]

2002 4 Uni-Group Engineers, Inc. is a mechanical engineering practice. Since 2002, we haveprovided mechanical engineering design and construction administration services, andhave grown to an excellent staff of 4 employees. As a small company, Uni-Group ishighly efficient and exceptionally dedicated to providing quality services to our clients.

URS700 G St., Suite 500Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-562-3366 Fax: 907-562-1297

Joe Hegna, AK Ops Mgr./VP

urscorp.com/

1904 175 URS Alaska is a team of over 175 engineers, scientists, planners, and support stafflocated primarily in offices in Anchorage and Fairbanks. URS provides "Arctic-smart"engineering and environmental services for the complete project life-cycle frompermitting and design through production and closure.

USKH Inc.2515 A St.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-276-4245 Fax: 907-258-4653

Timothy Vig, Pres./Principal

[email protected]

1972 100 USKH is a full-service, multidiscipline architectural and engineering firm. We werenamed the No. 6 Best Multidiscipline Firm to Work For in the nation (2013). Our Vision:Making communities better places to live. We love what we do and it shows in ourprojects.

VEI Consultants1345 Rudakof Cir., Suite 201Anchorage, AK 99508-6105Phone: 907-337-3330 Fax: 907-338-5386

Vern Roelfs, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 610 Civil and environmental engineering, land surveying for local communities, governmentsand private clients.

WHPacific Inc.300 W. 31st Ave.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-339-6500 Fax: 907-339-5327

Robert Macomber, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 50 Architecture and multidiscipline engineering planning and design; survey and mapping;planning, GIS, permitting and grant writing; environmental site assessments and naturalresource services; geologists and environmental scientists; project management andconstruction administration services.


TELECOM & TECHNOLOGY

Smartphone Apps in BusinessSmartphone Apps in BusinessSmartphone Apps in BusinessSmartphone Apps in BusinessSmartphone Apps in BusinessSmartphone Apps in BusinessBy Eliza Evans

According to the 2013 AT&T Small Business Technology Poll, 85 percent of small busi-

nesses use smartphones and 31 percent use mobile applications (apps) in their business operations. Almost half of the small businesses polled stated they could not survive—or that it would be a major challenge to survive—without these apps.

According to Jenny Fremlin, PhD, Media Psychologist at Alaska Litho Me-dia Services, “Not only do most people have smartphones, we have come to de-pend on them like no other technology.”

Generally, business apps are used to solve a problem for the business or their customers. According to the 2013 AT&T Small Business Technology Poll, the top three reasons respondents re-ported using apps for their business operations were to save time, increase productivity, and reduce costs. Of the small businesses using apps in their business operations, the majority (74 percent) use apps for GPS navigation and mapping. Location-based service apps account for 43 percent of small business app usage. Around 30 percent use apps for document management, social media marketing, and mobile payments in the fi eld.

BusinessAppsA wide range of apps save time, im-prove effi ciency, and help businesses stay organized and current.

Th ere are apps that add value by im-proving customer service, apps that make money by selling intellectual property, and apps that help companies do business. Th ere are apps that allow users to manage employees, projects, and expenses. Sales reps may use apps to track and submit orders as well as take and mange payments. Mobile shift planning apps assist in the scheduling of staff , instantly notify staff of shift s or shift changes, allow staff to access shift schedules at any time and from

any location, allow remote employees to clock in from anywhere, and even set automatic alerts to remind staff of their work schedules. Th ere are also a substantial number of apps to help with fi nding and hiring employees, includ-ing recruiting and networking apps.

Th ere are also a wide range of mobile apps to support fi eld service or remote staff . Th ese apps assist staff with man-aging schedules, tracking meetings and hours, accessing maps and driv-ing directions, accessing company re-sources, sending regular status updates to supervisors, sending and receiving encrypted emails, taking and tracking payments by credit or debit card, devel-oping invoices, and using word process-ing programs. Many of these apps also sync with desktop computers and/or use a cloud—virtual server space—to keep everything current. Th ere are even apps designed to fi nd apps.

TheAppBusinessIn some cases, it makes sense for a business to develop its own app. Th is may be to meet a specifi c need, brand a product, or sell intellectual property. If a business lacks staff with the techni-cal skills to develop apps, there is help. Alaska Litho, an employee-owned print

and media services company based in Juneau, is one of several businesses in Alaska that are now developing mobile apps. “Mobile is all about living your life with technology supporting it in the background,” says Fremlin. “As a media developer, my passion is to help make applications that positively integrate technology with our everyday lives.”

Fremlin says, “Th ere are basic servic-es out there that allow you to build your own static app that serves as a business card or copy of a website. But what we do is diff erent, because we understand how and why people use mobile apps. With my media psychology back-ground, we work with clients to develop the purpose and goals of the app, driv-ing into what needs it serves and how they are best met with a mobile app.”

Alaska Litho has been operating in the state of Alaska for over sixty-fi ve years. Adapting to new technology is part of staying current in today’s busi-ness world. Fremlin says, “We’ve been working mainly in education and trav-el, but we have some research and pro-ductivity projects coming up as well. Businesses are interested in everything from simple ways to access informa-tion, such as a convention program app to supplement the print version, to new

“Not only do most people have smartphones, we have come to depend on them like no other technology. Mobile is all about living your life with technology supporting it in the background. As a media developer, my pas-sion is to help make applications that positively integrate tech-nology with our everyday lives.”

—Jenny FremlinMedia Psychologist

Alaska Litho Media Services


ways of organizing and displaying im-portant information in a calendar.”

One of Alaska Lithos recent projects is Postcards From Alaska. “Th ere were already things being done with mobile apps that directly impact our clients and services, so we decided to create an app that would meet two goals,” Frem-lin says. “First, connect us to a new au-dience: the 917,000 visitors who come through our town every summer. And second, show our new app development service to our current clients… Our app Postcards From Alaska is a simple con-cept that lets you use a photo from your phone on a real postcard that is printed and mailed from Juneau. It provides a personalized and memorable way to stay in touch.” More information can be found at postcardsfromalaska.com.

According to Fremlin, “Th ere’s a lot of excitement around mobile apps, and even some pressure to get one for your business whether you have an idea for an app or not… Th e goal I see for business apps is to help your audience fi nd what they need as fast as possible so that they can get offl ine with that knowledge, resource, or plan.”

AppDevelopmentisaBusyBusiness

GeoNorth is another local company that specializes in app development for both public use and private companies. GeoNorth Project Manager Andy Clary says, “We tend to attract those inter-ested in productivity apps, apps that improve effi ciency or make a business process available to mobile users where it wasn’t available before. Th e apps we write are oft en mobile versions of an existing desktop application.”

For some business owners, develop-ing an app unique to their company is an important business strategy. Busi-nesses may develop apps to provide a service, off er special deals, connect with customers, provide updates, and so on. Research suggests the business-savvy are not only using apps to im-prove operations and build their busi-ness, but many are developing their own apps for their staff or to sell as a product. But while some businesses use apps to generate a direct fi nancial re-turn, some use apps as tools to provide better customer service or increase cus-tomer loyalty. “Many [businesses] are using apps to promote their brand and engage customers through additional channels,” says Clary.

Board Meeting Manager is one of the apps developed by GeoNorth. “Th is app allows businesses to conduct pa-perless meetings, create agendas, and archive and share documents and fi les related to board meetings,” says Clary. “All meeting content is synced to iPads safely and securely so each board mem-ber is sure to have the latest version of a document. Th ere is also a reference library for commonly used documents. A board administrator is able to create and manage meetings and agendas all from a website that pushes content out to iPads.”

Before developing an app, Clary has some advice for businesses. “I would encourage anyone interested in having an app built to spend time formulating a solid plan for the app,” says Clary. “Th ey should have a clear understand-ing of what the purpose of the app is, what the app should be able to do, how it should function, and how it should

look… Equally as critical to the con-cept and vision, if the app is intended to be a commercial endeavor for the cli-ent, they should spend just as much, if not more time, developing a marketing strategy for getting the word out about their app. Without a strategy, the app will get lost in the app store[s] and never gain the traction it needs to be fi nancially successful.”

TheElectronicWaveofNowTh e use of mobile apps is growing dra-matically. Online retail performance data from IBM’s Digital Analytics Benchmark survey found that in 2012, mobile traffi c grew by more than 67 per-cent. On Black Friday 2012, 24 percent of consumers used a mobile device to visit a retailer’s site and on Cyber Monday, purchases from mobile devices account-ed for 13 percent of online purchases.

According to the Pew Research Cen-ter’s Pew Internet Project, 56 percent of American adults have a smartphone. With such widespread smartphone ownership, it is no wonder that there has been a dramatic upsurge in the de-velopment of smartphone apps.

“We are moving away from desktop and laptop computers,” Fremlin says. “Mobile devices reach more people, lower the cost of access, and simplify the learn-ing curve. Th is will impact all businesses. 2013 was a turning point. For the fi rst time we saw more people using mobile devices to access the Internet than desk-top and laptop computers combined. And although this was predicted, it hap-pened even earlier than expected.”

“I would encourage anyone interested in having an app built to spend time formulating a solid plan for the app. They should have a clear understanding of what the purpose of the app is, what the app should be able to do, how it should function, and how it should look… Equally as critical to the concept and vision, if the app is in-tended to be a commercial endeavor for the client, they should spend just as much, if not more time, developing a marketing strat-egy for getting the word out about their app. Without a strategy, the app will get lost in the app store[s] and never gain the traction it needs to be financially successful.”

—Andy Clary, Project Manager, GeoNorth

Eliza Evans is an Alaskan author.


Business Opportunities in the Arctic

Arctic development is an increas-ingly popular topic around the world. It is a subject of many

international forums and confer-ences. It has also attracted the attention of many non-Arctic na-tions including China, Japan, In-dia, South Korea, and Singapore. Th ese countries recently sought and attained permanent ob-server status to the Arctic Council, an intergovernmen-tal forum for the Arctic nations.

What’s driving this global inter-est in all things Arctic? One factor is the presence of vast supplies of natural re-sources. Th e melting Arctic ice gives ac-cess to abundant resources, including oil and gas, minerals, and metals. According to the US Geological Survey, one quarter of the world’s undiscovered, technically recoverable oil and gas resources may be found in the Arctic: oil, 90 billion barrels; natural gas, 1.7 trillion cubic feet; and natural gas liquids, 44 billion barrels. Ex-ploration may discover even far greater reserves than currently estimated.

Also, the parting of the ice opens wide areas for international shipping, com-mercial fi shing, and tourism and creates opportunities for development of remote areas that are presently inaccessible due to transportation limitations. Th e maritime cargo movements through the Arctic shipping routes saw a signifi cant increase during the last three years.

Until recently the number of commer-cial ships transiting through the Arctic Ocean has been low because of existing ice. While in 2010 only four cargo ships transited through the Northern Sea Route (NSR), in 2011 there were thirty-four ships, and 2012 saw forty-six ves-sels plying the route. Th e sailing season for the NSR starts in June and ends in November. Most of the vessels require an icebreaking escort. Rosatomfl ot, a

Russian company operating a fl eet of nuclear-powered icebreakers, provides escorts to the cargo ships.

ArcticAdvantagesAnother reason for the focus on the Arctic is the opportunity for dramati-cally reduced shipping times for cargo ships. For example, a ship traveling from Norway to Japan will shave twen-ty-one days off the current transit time and achieve commensurate cost sav-ings associated with a far shorter trip.

Deep-water ports and other infrastruc-ture development projects are yet another reason for an increased interest in the Arc-tic region. Th ese projects will involve engi-neers, architects, construction companies, environmental consultants, and other development specialists. Arctic areas, now inaccessible, will require ports, roads, airports, telecommunications, water and sewer, and power generation. Alaska com-panies are well positioned to compete suc-cessfully for contracts in these fi elds.

Th is infrastructure development will require enormous amounts of capital in-vestment. One investment manager has estimated that resources and infrastruc-ture development will require more than $100 billion over the next decade. Such capital requirement spells opportuni-

ties for investment banks, private equity fi rms, sovereign wealth funds, and other sources of large-scale capital.

While the opportunities in the Arc-tic are, without doubt, poten-

tially enormous, they are long-term in nature and will require many years, even decades, to play out. Alaska

has a unique role to play as America’s Arctic state.

AnnualEventHighlightsOpportunity

An upcoming event will provide an up-date on Arctic development and will high-light opportunities for Alaska companies.

February 27-28, World Trade Center Alaska will be conducting Arctic Ambi-tions III Conference. It will concentrate on the theme of international trade and business opportunities that fl ow from resource development in the Arctic. While policy and research inform the discussion, this conference focuses on global markets, international trade, lo-gistics, and infrastructure build out.

Th e previous two conferences brought together presenters from Canada, Fin-land, Norway, Russia, Korea, and Alas-ka. Government offi cials and business executives discussed their roles as de-velopment unfolds in the region.

Th is year’s agenda includes a full day of presentations, both live and by videocon-ference, a keynote speech, and an evening networking reception. Th e following day will focus on the unique business model of the Alaska Native Corporations: their presentations will show how they have built a story of success in the Arctic and what they see for the future development of their own backyard.

Th e conference will take place at the Hotel Alyeska in Girdwood, Alaska. For registration information visit wtcak.org or call 907-27-TRADE.

special section World Trade Alaska

Business Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticBusiness Opportunities in the ArcticCapitalizing on long-term advantages

By Greg Wolf and Alex Salov

rctic development is an increas-ingly popular topic around the world. It is a subject of many

international forums and confer-ences. It has also attracted the attention of many non-Arctic na-tions including China, Japan, In-dia, South Korea, and Singapore. Th ese countries recently sought

tal forum for the Arctic nations. What’s driving this global inter-

est in all things Arctic? One factor is the

ties for investment banks, private equity fi rms, sovereign wealth funds, and other sources of large-scale capital.

While the opportunities in the Arc-tic are, without doubt, poten-

AnnualEventHighlightsOpportunity

An upcoming event will provide an up-

AKCS1425 “State of Alaska - Pioneer” Alaska Business Monthly Jan 2014 T: 8.25" x 10.625", L: 7" x 10", B: 8.5" x 10.875" 300%md CMYK aq

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LONGBEFORE ITBECAME AFIGURE OFSPEECH.

We share a pioneering spirit with all Alaskans. For over 100 years, we’ve been doing whatever ittakes to help Alaskans connect, stay connectedand push forward. So whatever your businessnetwork needs are, we’ll be there for you—nowand in the future. After all, we’re one of you.

Visit alaskacommunications.com/businessor call 1-855-907-7007 to learn more.

BLAZINGTRAILS



While many know Anchorage as Alaska’s largest community and center of commerce, it is

also a culturally diverse, cosmopolitan Pacifi c Rim city with extensive interna-tional connections and relationships.

Just over 40 percent of all Alaskans live in Anchorage. Of Alaska’s 730,000 residents, some 300,000 make their home in Anchorage. Th e demograph-ics reveal a multi-cultural community with sizeable numbers of residents of American Indian or Alaskan Native (8.1 percent), Asian (8.7 percent), Black or African American (6.2 percent), His-panic or Latino (8.2 percent), and Native Hawaiian or other Pacifi c Islander (2.2 percent) heritages, according to a recent US Census Bureau report. Th e same re-port indicates that in almost 17 percent of Anchorage households, a language other than English is also spoken.

An estimated 16,000 people of Mexican descent live in Anchorage and between 5,000 and 6,000 Koreans reside in the city.

Th is diversity is refl ected in the city’s ed-ucational system. Minority students make up more than half of the student popula-tion in the Anchorage School District, and some ninety-three diff erent languages are spoken at the homes of city students. Th e most common of these are Spanish, Hmong, Samoan, Tagalog, and Yup’ik.

AirCargoThrivingAnchorage’s role as the “Air Crossroads of the World” held sway for several de-cades as international passenger fl ights between Asia, Europe, and North Amer-ica transited through the Anchorage air-port on a regular basis. One result of this was a highly successful Duty Free store at the airport that, at one point, ranked second highest in the world, trailing only Hong Kong based on sales per square foot. Th ese days, most of those passen-ger fl ights now bypass Anchorage, with the advent of longer range aircraft and

the opening of the Russian airspace al-lowing the airlines to fl y non-stop.

While international passenger fl ights have dwindled, air cargo operations at the airport have thrived. Driven by its stra-tegic location, Anchorage plays a major role for international air cargo carriers, especially those operating between Asia and North America. Th e Ted Stevens An-chorage International Airport is currently ranked among the top fi ve in the world for cargo throughput and the second largest in the United States based on the landed weight of the cargo aircraft . It is an im-portant stop on Trans-Pacifi c fl ights for refueling and to change crews. Both Fe-dEx and UPS have established major clearance and sorting hubs at Anchor-age. In addition to refueling, the Anchor-age airport enjoys special cargo transfer rights that are not available elsewhere, further bolstering its attractiveness for cargo and logistics operations.

BridgingLanguageandCultureChina became Alaska’s largest trading partner in 2011. Prospects for contin-ued growth of exports to China and for Chinese investment in Alaskan natural resource projects are bright. Helping to bridge the language and cultural gaps be-tween Alaska and the Middle Kingdom is the University of Alaska Anchorage’s Confucius Institute. Th e Institute was established at the campus in 2008, stem-ming from a partnership between the University and the Chinese government. Th e Institute off ers Chinese language and culture classes both to the student body and to the community at large.

Th e Anchorage campus is also home to a new center focused on Japan. Launched in 2012, the Montgomery Dickson Cen-ter for Japanese Language and Culture was borne out of a partnership between the University and the Japan Foundation for Global Partnership in order to create a lasting memorial for Monty Dickson.

Dickson was a University of Alaska An-chorage graduate who lost his life during the March 2011 tsunami in Japan. Th e Center is involved with enhancing the Jap-anese language program at the University, supporting professional development for Japan-related faculty, and fostering stu-dent exchanges and cultural events.

ForeignGovernmentsandMultinationalCorporations

Anchorage is home to nearly twenty foreign government representatives. Japan, Korea, and Mexico have offi cial consular offi ces in Anchorage staff ed by career diplomats, while sixteen other countries have appointed local citizens as honorary consuls to represent their interests in Alaska. Among the coun-tries with honorary consuls in Anchor-age are the United Kingdom, Austria, France, the Czech Republic, Spain, Po-land, Finland, and the Seychelles.

Beginning in 1969 with the northern Japanese city of Chitose, Anchorage has reached out and established Sister City ties with six cities around the world. Tromso, Norway, followed Chitose, also in 1969, and in subsequent years rela-tionships were formalized with Whitby, England; Darwin, Australia; Incheon, Korea; and most recently, in 1991, with Magadan, Russia.

Many of the foreign multinational companies that do business in Alaska are headquartered in Anchorage. Ener-gy companies such as BP, Shell, Statoil, and Eni are examples and a variety of other foreign companies also maintain offi ces, have established operations, or have made investments in the city.

In an increasingly inter-connected world, Anchorage is positioning itself, through international outreach and promotion, to play a signifi cant role where people and companies from around the world can feel welcome and prosper.

International connections foster global relationships

By Greg Wolf

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For more information and admission requirements, please contact:CBPP Graduate Programs, Rasmuson Hall, Suite 304, (907) 786-4171, [email protected], or CBPP Student Advising Center, Rasmuson Hall, Suite 203, (907) 786-4100, [email protected]

Prepare to Compete in Today’s New Job Market!

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MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

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A new cohort group of the Master of Science in Global Supply Chain Management, limited to 25 qualified participants, will begin in September 2014 and graduate in May 2016. Designed to meet the needs of working professionals, classes will meet four weekends per semester, with additional online and group activities.

Complete application files requested by March 28, 2014.

UAA’s Logistics Department offers a full spectrum of graduate, undergraduate and certificate programs designed in collaboration with industry to meet the real-life

needs of domestic and international businesses. Visit us at http://logistics.alaska.edu

UAA is an EEO/AA employer and educational institution.UAA’s College of Business and Public Policy is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International.



Update on China in AlaskaUpdate on China in AlaskaUpdate on China in AlaskaDragon Decade roars with rapid growth

By Greg Wolf

The rise of China during the past thirty years as a major economic power has been felt around the

world, including Alaska. As a Pacifi c Rim neighbor, blessed with an abun-dance of natural resources, the state is well positioned to benefi t from China’s continuing growth and modernization. Alaska can supply not only much-need-ed resources, but increasingly can also off er a range of high-demand technical and professional services by companies operating in Alaska that have developed world-class expertise and capabilities.

Alaska is also benefi ting from the rise of air cargo traffi c from China to the US mainland through the Anchorage air-port, and statistics show that an increas-ing number of Chinese tourists are visit-ing the Great Land. As an investor, China is moving into Alaska and will become even more involved in years to come as it seeks supplies of natural resources and to play a role in Arctic development.

Export growth has been staggering. Alaska’s exports to China rose from $103 million in 2000 to a record high of nearly $1.5 billion in 2011 in what we have coined as the Dragon Decade. China is now the state’s largest trading partner. Th is rapid growth as a market for Alaska exports is unprecedented—never before has a mar-ket grown so fast, to such a level, in such a short period of time. While in 2012 ex-ports slipped somewhat to $1.3 billion, this was still the second highest on record.

FurtherGrowthAheadAnd, as large and signifi cant of a cus-tomer that China is now for Alaska, there are ample reasons to believe that fur-ther growth lies ahead. For example, as new mineral and metal mining projects come online, or as existing mines ex-pand, China will inevitably be there as a big customer. Should a liquefi ed natural gas (LNG) project be developed in Alas-ka, China could emerge as a signifi cant

buyer. Th ese developments, and other such opportunities, portend continuing growth of the Alaska-China trade rela-tionship for many years to come.

At present, seafood is the largest ex-port category to China. In 2012, at $760 million, seafood shipments represented 57 percent of the total Alaska exports to the country. Minerals, at $446 mil-

lion, are the second largest category, accounting for 33 percent, followed by forest products at 7 percent and fi sh meal at just over 2 percent.

While a signifi cant percentage of the seafood exported to China is processed there and then re-exported to other markets, a growing amount is being consumed in the country as incomes

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Alaska’s China Era Continues(2000-2012 Full Year Comparison)

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Alaska Worldwide Exports 1994-2012USD Billions



rise and consumers become increasingly aware of the many healthy attributes of Alaska’s wild caught harvest.

Know-How,Technology,andTourismAs noted, besides natural resource exports, Alaska fi rms are increasingly fi nding opportunities in China. Th ese compa-nies are exporting know-how and technology. For example, RIM Architects, a leading Anchorage-based architectural fi rm, was recently awarded the Governor’s North Star Award for International Excellence for their design work for hotel and resort projects in China.

Another Alaska company, ADS-B Technologies, has been recognized for their sales of air traffi c management systems to Chinese customers. Value-added manufacturers are also having success. Take Alaska Brands Group, a beverage bot-tling fi rm based in Anchorage; they’ve found customers in China for their premium bottled water products.

With China now the world’s largest outbound tourism mar-ket, Alaska should experience strong growth in the number of Chinese visitors to the state. At present, it’s estimated that approximately three thousand Chinese travelers visit Alaska, primarily during the summer months. But, the commence-ment of direct fl ights to Alaska and the establishment of lo-cal, China-focused tour operators will hasten this growth. Last year witnessed the inaugural fl ight of a charter passen-ger service between the Northern Chinese city of Harbin and Anchorage. Th e company recently announced its intention to operate the service bi-weekly beginning in January this year.

InvestmentinAlaskaChinese investment dollars are beginning to fi nd their way to companies and projects in Alaska. One example is in the min-ing sector. In 2009, during the fi nancial crisis, Vancouver-based Teck Resources, the operator of the Red Dog Mine in Northwest Alaska outside of Kotzebue, announced that it had sold a 17.5 percent interest in their company to China Investment Corpo-ration, one of the country’s sovereign wealth funds, for $1.5 bil-lion. Th e Red Dog mine is one of the world’s largest zinc produc-ers and China is the world’s largest consumer of zinc.

Chinese companies are also becoming active in the Alaska oil and gas sector. One company, for example, has acquired off shore oil and gas leases in the Chukchi Sea. While neither of these are direct investments in Alaska, they are clear signals that the Chi-nese have put Alaska on their map and are exploring opportuni-ties to participate in the development of natural resource projects.

Alaska and China are natural trading partners. As the re-lationship expands and deepens, Alaska businesses will reap the benefi ts of this partnership. Looking back at the Dragon Decade years from now, it may, indeed, be recognized as just the starting gate for a long era of prosperity.

Alaska’s Exports to China(by Commodity), January-September 2012

Seafood58.1%

Minerals19.3%

Forest Products 6.6%

Fish Meal 2.4% Other 0.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, SOA, Governor’s Office of International Trade

Alaska’s Top Export ComoditiesJanuary-September 2012

Seafood55%

Minerals28%

Energy 7%

Precious Metals 2%

Forest Products 3% Fish Meal 1%Other 4%


Alaska’s Total World ExportsJanuary-September 2012 (3.47 Billion)

Japan18%

China27%

Other11%

South Korea15%

Canada28%

Singapore 1%Switzerland2%

Australia 2%

Germany 7%

Spain 4%

Netherlands 3%


Greg Wolf is the Executive Director of World Trade Center Alaska (wtcak.org). Contact him by phone 907 278-7234 or email ([email protected]). World Trade Center Alaska has been serving Alaska's business community since 1987.

www.akbizmag.com

Greg Wolf is the Executive Director of World Trade Center Alaska (wtcak.org). Contact him by phone 907 278-7234 or email ([email protected]). World Trade Center Alaska has been serving Alaska's business community since 1987.


Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska Southeast Asia Business Trends for Alaska


Strategic locations and low wages boost trade potential

By Alex Salov

Alaska’s major international trading partners are countries within the Pacifi c Rim, predominantly Asia.

In fact, almost 70 percent of the state’s exports are shipped to China, Japan, and South Korea. Th e Southeast Asia region, while experiencing rapid economic and population growth, remains virtually un-discovered by Alaska companies. Many signifi cant developments have occurred during the past several years in this re-gion. Th ese developments create numer-ous business opportunities and Alaska could experience a signifi cant growth of trade with Southeast Asia if these oppor-tunities are successfully pursued.

Th e Association of Southeast Asian Na-tions (ASEAN) is a political and economic union of ten major Southeast Asian coun-tries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), Philip-pines, Singapore, and Vietnam. Several dynamics of this union make it an impor-tant player worldwide and an increasingly important destination for US exports.

Th e total population of ASEAN is around 600 million people, which is 100 million more than the European Union. Average GDP growth rate was 6 per-cent in 2012 compared to 3 percent or less average of the developed countries around the world. In 2012, US exports to ASEAN were approximately $76 bil-lion and, if considering it as a single country, it would be the fourth largest US trading partner aft er Canada, China, and Mexico. In comparison, US exports also totaled $76 billion to the remaining BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, and In-dia) in the same year. ASEAN is also one of the top US direct investment destina-tions—exceeding $159 billion in 2011.

SingaporeisExportHubToday, the most important market for US goods and services among ASEAN

nations is Singapore. It is the thirteenth largest US export market ($30.5 billion in 2012), the largest ASEAN market for US exports, and the hub for US exports to ASEAN: up to 60 percent of the ex-ports are re-exported to other countries of the region.

ASEAN members are diverse in their economic, political, and cultural aspects; however, there are several trends that most of them share: rela-tively young populations (availability of workforce), urbanization, emerging middle class (a result of constant GDP growth), rapid industrialization, and strong demand for infrastructure. Generally speaking, these trends make ASEAN members attractive export destinations for companies around the world, including Alaska.

GrowingUrbanPopulationsAs mentioned above, the total popula-tion of ASEAN countries is around 600 million people. With 237 million, Indo-nesia is the largest of them. Fift y per-cent of Indonesians are under the age of thirty. Vietnam’s population is about 88.5 million people; 70 percent of them are under forty years old and 26 percent are fourteen years old or younger.

Major cities of the region became powerful engines of economic growth for their nations due to the fl ow of in-vestments and the industrialization that accompanied it. Singapore, Manila, Bangkok, Jakarta, and Kuala Lumpur are among world’s richest cities, and high percentages of national GDPs are generated there. Th e same holds true for the second-tier cities. Th e wages in the cities are, generally speaking, higher than in rural areas and there is a con-stant demand for workers. According to the US Department of Commerce, 1 million people move into cities in Viet-

nam every year, and 40 to 50 percent of the population will be urban by 2020.

As disposable income grows, people who saw poverty as children are eager to attain similar goods and services as their Western counterparts. Internet and popular culture play an important role in this trend. American brands are very popular and franchising is sug-gested to be one of the best prospects for exports. Malaysia has set an ambitious goal to become a “high income nation” (World Bank term) by 2020 and more than double their GDP per capita. Th ai-land is implementing $133 billion 2020-plan to improve national infrastructure, including rail-based mass transit, high-ways, and water transport network.

Other ASEAN members are also ea-ger to utilize their strategic locations and are heavily investing in ambitious projects. To list a few:

Long Thanh International Airport in Vietnam is intended to become opera-tional by 2020 and designed to serve 100 million people annually

High speed railway link connecting Malaysia to Singapore

Mekong River dam projects in Cambo-dia and Laos—the ambition to become “batteries” for Southeast Asia

Water irrigation and infrastructure projects in Indonesia, Vietnam, and several other countries in the region

Karawang International Airport and fi fteen more airports in Indonesia

The Trans-Asian Railway (TAR), connecting Singapore to Northern Europe—a global project connecting more than twenty countries

Greater Mekong Subregion Con-nectivity: pipeline of infrastructure projects between Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, and south-ern provinces of China


TradeAgreementsTwo trade agreements should be not-ed because they play an increasingly important role in current and future development of Southeast Asia: the Trans-Pacifi c Partnership and the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area.

Th e Trans-Pacifi c Partnership is a re-gional free trade agreement that is cur-rently being negotiated between Pacifi c Rim nations, including the United States. It is designed to liberalize trade among the partnering countries and, if completed, it would ease market access, create regula-tory coherence, and facilitate development of production and supply chains across the Pacifi c. It could also be an important devel-opment for Alaska, given the fact that most of our state’s trade is done with Asia.

China is also an active player in the ASEAN region. In 2010 the ASEAN-Chi-na Free Trade Area was established. It is the world’s third largest free trade bloc aft er the European Union and NAFTA. With more than $400 billion in bilateral trade (exports and imports combined) in 2012, ASEAN might become China’s top trading partner in the near future. Currently, it is China’s third largest part-ner aft er the EU and the United States.

TheLow-WagesFactorChina has been the fl agship of Asia’s economic development for more than a decade. It’s been more than thirty years since the country started to implement a new economic model, which included some aspects of a capitalist economic system. Since then, China has grown signifi cantly, becoming the second larg-est economy of the world in 2010 aft er the United States, surpassing Japan.

One of the main competitive advan-tages of the Chinese economic model has always been the low-wages factor. Th e world’s light industry goods were mostly “made in China.”

Currently, the picture is changing and China is not the cheapest place to pro-duce garments and shoes anymore. In fact, many Chinese fi rms are outsourcing their manufacturing to Southeast Asia.

Th is trend has been widely discussed by world’s major “think-tanks.” For ex-ample, Stratfor, a global intelligence com-pany, coined a term “Th e Post-China 16” (PC16) that describes sixteen countries that might succeed China as the world’s low-cost, export-oriented economy.

Half of the countries included in the PC16 are located in Southeast Asia. Th ese nations possess two of the major features that create opportunities for light indus-try producers around the globe and at-tract the fl ow of investments: low wages and strategic locations.

Several countries in Southeast Asia can qualify to be low-end, low-cost manufac-turing alternatives to China. However, some developments need to be completed to achieve that. Besides the ambitious in-frastructure projects in Southeast Asia mentioned above, there is an abundance of smaller regional projects that will make Southeast Asian nations more accessible and create a stable environment for indus-trial growth. According to the Asian Devel-opment Bank, in order to fully address the development of roads, rail, power, water, and other crucial infrastructure needs, ASEAN nations will require approximately $60 billion yearly to spend in those areas.

GrowthSpellsOpportunityforAlaskaBusinesses

Alaskan companies should keep a close eye on Southeast Asia for opportunities in infrastructure development, educa-tion and training, environmental tech-nologies, and water treatment, among others. Th e growing economies can also become a lucrative market for Alaska seafood and other products. Th e recent

growth of China as a market for Alaska was based on similar trends that are happening in Southeast Asia now. Alas-ka is well suited to participate in the de-velopment of the region and can expect a signifi cant growth in trade there.

World Trade Center Alaska (WTCAK) has pioneered trade development work to open Southeast Asia opportunities for Alaska businesses. Th e Center conducted a business conference on India and Singa-pore in 2006 and led the fi rst Alaska trade mission to the region in 2010. In addition, WTCAK, through its extensive network within the US Department of Commerce and World Trade Centers Association, pro-duces market reports and generates busi-ness leads for Alaska companies interested in doing business in Southeast Asia.

MonthlyMinimumWagesinSoutheastAsia(USD)

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Alex Salov is the Business Operations Manager at World Trade Center Alaska. He has a master’s degree in global supply chain

management from University of Alaska Anchorage. Also, since 2005 he works as an adjunct instructor of Japanese Language at UAA.

Country

Minimum Monthly

Wages (USD) CommentSingapore $820 suggested minimum, no minimum wage

requirementMalaysia $263 - $296 varies by state and industryPhilippines $130 - $288 varies by region and industryChina $140 - $257 (except Hong Kong) varies by province

and district Thailand $173 - $235 varies by province Indonesia $85 - $226 varies by provinceSri Lanka $61 - $140 varies by industryMyanmar (Burma) $59 - $118 varies by industryVietnam $79 - $113 varies by locationLaos $63 - $79 varies by industryCambodia $31 - $64 varies by qualifi cation, additional allowances

for garment, textile, footwear workersBangladesh $19 - $37 varies by industry

Alex Salov is the Business Operations Manager at World Trade Center Alaska. He has a master’s degree in global supply chain


The dawn of the Jones Act Waiver

By Isaak Hurst

Love it or hate it, the Jones Act is the single most important piece of US maritime legislation to date. It pro-

vides many Alaskan fi shermen with jobs on the water, delivers signifi cant em-ployment benefi ts to injured mariners, and protects Alaskan seaman from the vicissitudes of foreign fl agged jurisdic-tions by limiting US trade to US owned and operated vessels. All in, the Jones Act generates over $100 billion in US revenue and provides over fi ve hundred thousand jobs to Americans annually. However, the Jones Act is not without its critics, and many of the larger com-mercial maritime entities are wonder-ing what future the Jones Act will have if Alaska needs to ship Liquefi ed Natural Gas (LNG) to US ports, rather than those exclusively in Asia. Th is article will ex-amine the current LNG tanker market, US shipping laws, and the impact each will have on Alaska’s LNG trade.

TheGlobalSupplyofLNGTankers—orLackThereof

A vital element in Alaska’s LNG equation is the vessels needed to ship this cargo. To-day there are around 375 plus LNG carriers operating globally. Compared to the global

oil tanker fl eet, which has 5,757 vessels, the LNG fl eet is nominal in size. However, in the scheme of maritime history, the LNG tanker is a new design. Th e fi rst interna-tional shipment of LNG occurred in 1960 with a shipment from Algeria to the United Kingdom. By 1990, the world’s LNG fl eet was nearly 100 vessels, and by the mil-lennium, the feet had doubled. In 2008, the world’s LNG tanker fl eet launched its 300th ship, and today there are over 375 tankers transporting LNG to all corners of the world. With a limited supply of ships and global LNG demand souring, these vessels can charter out for a whopping $157,000 per day—$cha-ching$.

Time to get into the LNG carrier mar-ket—right? Easier said than done. Th ese vessels are equipped with cryogenic stor-age tanks designed to keep the ship’s cargo at a frigid -260°F. Th e vessels all have sophisticated vapor capture systems, bespoke loading and off -loading arms, en-gines that burn the very fuel it’s transport-ing, and a super high-tech computer mon-itoring system that keeps all of the above running smoothly. Indeed, these are in-credibly exotic vessels. All in, the average cost to build a mid-sized LNG carrier can between $151 million to $210 million. For

the luxury tanker—the Q-Max, which can store 250,000 metric tons of LNG—the building cost is closer to $300 million. As a result, LNG carriers are some of the most expensive ships in the world to build.

Th e high demand for these vessels is compounded by the technical know-how to build one. Currently, there are only dozen of shipyards globally that have the expertise to build a modern LNG tanker. Unfortunately for Alaskans, none of these shipyards are located in the United States and US shipping laws require all vessels engaged in domestic trade be US owned and operated vessels. However, there are no US owned and operated LNG tank-ers—nor are any being built. Th erefore, if any US state wants to import LNG (cur-rently there are several large-scale pro-posals to build import terminals along the west coast), Alaska would be pro-hibited from shipping any of its LNG to those domestic ports since there is no US owned and operated LNG vessels. Need-less to say: Houston—we have a problem.

TheJonesActandtheCoast-wiseTradeEndorsement

When Congress designed the Jones Act in the 1920’s, its intent was to protect and de-

Liquefi ed natural gas tanker passing Mount Redoubt in Cook Inlet.

©2014 Daryl Pederson/AlaskaStock.com


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velop the American merchant marine in-dustry—specifi cally those vessels engaged in coastwise trade. Under 46 USC §55102, to legally transport goods between two US ports, the vessel must be built in the United States, owned by US citizens, fl y a US fl ag, and crewed by a US citizen. Ves-sels that satisfy these requirements qualify for a “coastwise endorsement” that allows them to freely trade between US main-land ports, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. Vessels that do not have the coastwise endorsement are pro-hibited under § 55102 from engaging in domestic maritime trade and face serious fi nancial consequences if they do. For ex-ample, in 2011, Escopeta Oil Co. was fi ned $15 million dollars for moving their Spar-tan 151 jack-up-rig from Texas to Canada to Cook Inlet via a Chinese owned and operated bulker—a clear violation of the Jones Act. Unsurprisingly, business enti-ties engaged in domestic or international trade have a signifi cant fi nancial interest in complying with US shipping laws. Th at being said, what if there are no coastwise ships available?

CoastwiseTradeWaiversIn certain circumstances, the US Secre-tary of Homeland Security may issue a Jones Act waiver. Th ese waivers are unique because they allow foreign-fl agged vessels to engage in what would otherwise be re-stricted trade. However, waivers are not so easy to obtain. Under 46 USC §501, the US Maritime Administration (MARAD) may waive coastwise laws if it determines: (a) there is no qualifi ed US-fl agged vessel available, and (b) the waiver is “necessary in the interest of national defense.” As such, MARAD typically grants waivers only in extreme or catastrophic circum-stances, such as hurricanes (Katrina and Sandy) or immediate energy shortages such the recent one in Nome, Alaska.

In 2011, a severe November storm froze parts of the Bering Sea making a tradition-al tug and barge fuel delivery impossible. However, Alaska’s own Vitus Marine was able to secure a Jones Act wavier, which al-lowed it to legally charter a double-hulled, ice classed, Russian tanker in order to deliver 1.3 million gallons of home heat-ing oil, unleaded gasoline, and diesel fuel to Nome and its residents. Vitus Marine’s subsequent success landed it a tremen-dous amount of distinction amongst Alas-kans and the arctic shipping community

as a whole. Typically, however, Jones Act waivers are not something US shipping companies will seek out.

In the eyes of the common merchant mariner, Jones Act waivers personify the typical “legal loophole” argument that major companies can exploit at the ex-pense of the common seaman. Th e US shipping industry views these waivers a direct threat to US maritime jobs and sovereignty since each waiver is allowing a foreign-fl agged vessel and crew to do the jobs of a US vessel and crew. Moreover, for every Jones Act waiver issued, there is a tidal wave of political ramifi cations asking for an exact accounting as to why there were no US qualifi ed vessels available. Po-litically speaking, this can be a lot of heat, which is why Alaska should be weary of mooring itself to a pipeline project that has such a high probability of relying on Jones Act waivers if the LNG market changes.

ConclusionTh e lack of US built, US owned, US fl agged, and US crewed LNG carriers will be a real issue for Alaska LNG exports if the natu-ral gas market in the United States devel-ops, which it is expected to do. To be sure, without coastwise qualifi ed LNG tankers, Alaska will be forced to sell its natural gas exclusively to Asia or, in the alternative, seek a Jones Act waiver for every ship-ment of Alaska LNG down to the Lower 48. Politically speaking, this last scenario is a loser. Th e Jones Act is too important to the economy of Alaska, and waivers trans-late into lost jobs for Alaskans and Alaska shipping companies. In short, Alaska must be sure this new pipeline project does not start a trend that erodes the le-gal foundation that supports the maritime jobs Alaskans already have.

Isaak Hurst is an attorney with the International Maritime Group, PLLC—a boutique law fi rm that provides legal services to Alaska’s

maritime, oil and gas, mining, and international business communities. Hurst was born and raised in Alaska. Contact him at [email protected].

Isaak Hurst is an attorney with the International Maritime Group, PLLC—a boutique law fi rm that provides legal services to Alaska’s



Ottawa’s Northwest Passage dilemma with implications for Alaska

By Sourabh Gupta and Dr. Ashok K. Roy

The M/V Nordic Orion transported a load of coal from the west coast of Canada (Vancouver, BC) to Pori, Finland, through the Northwest Passage last fall. The M/V Nordic Orion is pictured above plying the waters of the Northern Sea Route, which it fi rst traversed in 2010.

© Nordic Bulk Carriers A/S

All are architects of Fate,Working in these walls of Time;Some with massive deeds and great,Some with ornaments of rhyme.

—Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882)

During the second half of Septem-ber last fall, a Danish-owned ice-class bulk carrier, the Nor-

dic Orion, became the fi rst large com-mercial vessel to traverse the Northwest Passage since the US tanker SS Man-hattan in 1969. Embarking from Van-couver in Canada in early September, sailing in waters abutting Alaska and thereaft er transiting these Canadian Arctic waters, the Nordic Orion depos-ited its cargo of 73,500 tons of coking coal at the port of Pori in Finland. For the Danish owner of the vessel, Nordic Bulk Carriers, the voyage proved to be another feather in its cap. In 2010, Nor-

dic Bulk had become the fi rst non-Rus-sian company to sail the Northern Sea Route—spanning the Arctic coast of Russia—when it shipped iron ore from a port in Norway to China.

By traversing the Northwest Passage rather than steam along the traditional Panama Canal route, the Nordic Orion was able to shorten the distance of its voyage by one thousand nautical miles, enabling it to accrue signifi cant fuel sav-ings as well as haul an increased load of cargo. Transportation time was cut by four to fi ve days. It is not without irony that the fuel and time savings—and, thereby, the lower carbon emissions—is the product of global warming which has opened up the viability of this route to commercial traffi c in the fi rst place. As such warming continues apace, the Passage—and Alaska’s Arctic shore-line—can expect to witness a gradual increase in frequency of such transits.

Th e Northwest Passage has huge secu-rity and energy dimensions for Alaska.

Despite the historic nature of the Nordic Orion transit, the Northwest Passage is not expected to challenge the Northern Sea Route as the new gate-way for Arctic-based transit anytime soon—if ever. Although the Arctic sea ice has lost half its area and three quar-ters of its volume over the past three decades, the Northwest Passage still remains a perilous route that is navi-gable only by a few specialist vessels for approximately two months a year. By contrast, the Northern Sea Route is generally open to traffi c from late-July through mid-November and witnessed as many as forty-six vessel passages in 2012, at least fi ft y-eight in 2013. Th e Russian infrastructure build-up along the route is also markedly superior. Russia currently has sixteen deep water ports along its Arctic coastline, a host


of search-and-rescue stations, and is constructing an airbase on Kotelnyi Is-land in the Siberian Arctic; by contrast, Canada lacks a single port along the Northwest Passage.

What the historic nature of the Nordic Orion transit is likely to challenge, how-ever, is the Canadian government’s offi -cial contention that the water columns abutting Canada’s Arctic shoreline that constitute the navigable channel of the Northwest Passage is a part of the inter-nal/inland waters of Canada. More to the point, that these waters and the Pas-sage is not an international strait. Th e voyage of the Nordic Orion and future such transits in these gradually naviga-ble waters is likely to belie this claim—in turn, placing limits on the exercise of Ottawa’s untrammeled sovereign juris-diction in these waters and with con-notations that extend all the way to the security of Canada’s maritime borders.

For Alaska too, as the Arctic ice sheet gradually recedes and important com-mercial and maritime law related de-velopments assume greater importance, questions related to the broader owner-ship of the Arctic will loom ever larger. Northwest Passage-bound transit and maritime delimitation disputes will be at the forefront of this list, given the as yet unsettled Alaska-Canada maritime boundary delimitation dispute in the Beaufort Sea (at the entry/egress point of the Northwest Passage). Alaska would be well-served by keeping its ear to the ground—or rather sea—as the debate on Canada’s fi delity to the provisions of the Law of the Sea gradually unfolds.

Th e US Geological Survey has assessed that the Arctic accounts for 30 percent of the world’s undiscovered natural gas and 13 percent of its undiscovered oil. Because of this potential, China, as the world’s largest consumer and importer of energy resources, is arguing that un-der the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) the Arctic Ocean is a shipping commons in spite of its vast geographical distance from members of the Arctic Council (United States, Canada, Iceland, Russia, Den-mark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden).

LawoftheSeaandtheNorthwestPassage

A coastal state’s internal or inland waters cover all water and waterways

on the landward side of the baselines of its territorial sea. As per UNCLOS, a coastal state is entirely free to set laws and regulate use, including re-source use, in these waters. Further, it can assert every attribute of sover-eignty in these waters, including the denial of passage to foreign fl agged vessels. Such vessels possess no auto-matic “innocent passage” rights—let alone “transit passage” rights—within internal/inland waters. By contrast, UNCLOS devotes considerable atten-tion to the regime of straits used for international navigation, including provisions devoted to the rights of for-eign fl agged vessels in these waters. Foremost among the rights aff orded to foreign vessels (and aircraft ) in inter-national straits is the unimpeded right of transit passage, implying that the adjacent strait state cannot bar or sus-pend such passage or engage in activi-ties that may have the practical eff ect of doing so, including demands such as prior consent/authorization for pas-sage through these waters. Th is obliga-tion extends to the right of passage of foreign military vessels too, including submarines which are not obligated to surface and display their national col-ors while in transit.

While the above functional element remains a core feature of UNCLOS’s straits passage regime, the Convention leaves it unclear as to what level of in-ternational navigation is required for a strait to be appropriately classifi ed as an “international strait.” Intuitively, it would be usage of the strait, like the Nordic Orion transit and subsequent such usage, which will—or should— determine this classifi cation.

It is not hard to see the logical cul-mination point of Nordic Orion-type transits through the Northwest Pas-sage, insofar as it relates to the Law of the Sea rulebook. As a pattern of ice-class bulk shipping across the Passage gradually builds, it will increasingly be deemed to have assumed the char-acteristics of an international strait as per interpretation of UNCLOS’s clas-sifi cation—in turn, leading to an even greater fl ow of international maritime traffi c that might or might not seek Canadian consent to traverse these wa-ters. Furthermore, military warships too would follow, including submarines


which would not have to surface or alert Ottawa of their presence during transit. Canada’s maritime security would be appreciably worse off . As mentioned previously, such right of innocent pas-sage, passage that is non-prejudicial to the peace, good order, or security of the coastal state, as well as right of transit passage, is not available to for-eign warships in the coastal state’s in-ternal/inland waters, although they do retain innocent passage rights in the twelve nautical mile territorial sea that extends seawards from Canada’s archi-pelagic baseline.

Th e Canadian government will al-most certainly beg to diff er. Ever since 1973, barely a few years removed from the SS Manhattan’s transit through the Northwest Passage, Canada has held that these waters constitute internal waters under historic title and thus fall under full Canadian sovereignty. In 1986, following a controversial tran-sit of the US Coast Guard icebreaker CGS Polar Sea, Ottawa, further, drew straight baselines around the Arctic Archipelago—in eff ect, breathing le-gal life into its internal waters claim. Bending ever so slightly to Ottawa’s insistence, the United States in 1988 made the rarest of exceptions to its rig-id navigational freedoms mantra and acknowledged that future such voyages by US government, or government-chartered, vessels in these claimed internal waters would be undertaken with the consent of the Canadian gov-ernment (without prejudice though to the US legal position vis-à-vis these Arctic waters). Further, by asserting visible acts of sovereignty on a recur-ring basis, Canada could stymie and resist any move to internationalize and classify the Passage as a strait in the years and decades ahead.

Th e Canadian argument is not with-out merit. Th ere are, however, seri-ous defi ciencies with both its internal waters claim and the accompanying historical title claim. Th e latter, par-ticularly, is especially weak given that demonstrating the burden of proof to display Ottawa’s exclusive jurisdic-tion—and the acquiescence of foreign states—over these waters for a suffi -ciently continuous period of time is a tall order. Th e historic title claim itself dates back to only 1973.

Th e internal waters claim appears at fi rst glance to be more robust. Given the geographic contiguity and peculiarity of the archipelago, the general direction of the coast, and the proximate economic and livelihood interests involved, a straight baseline drawn by Ottawa that encompasses the archipelago would ap-pear on the surface to be more tenable. Without discounting the fact that Can-ada enjoys a signifi cant measure of ju-risdictional control over the Northwest Passage, it does however bear noting that as per Article 8 of UNCLOS, when straight baselines are drawn around wa-ters which were not previously deemed to be internal/inland, the foreign navi-gational right of innocent passage re-mains. Canada drew straight baselines only in 1985. By signing and ratifying the Law of the Sea convention thereaf-ter, which was opened for signature in 1982, Ottawa became duty bound to aff ord innocent passage rights, free of prior consent/authorization require-ments, to foreign fl ag holders transiting the Northwest Passage.

On the other hand, there is much to recommend in the Canadian govern-ment’s argument that the extremely shallow precedent of transit through the Northwest Passage ought not to raise the classifi cation of the Passage to that of an international strait. All tran-sits conducted so far have been either under strong Canadian protest or, as in the case of the Nordic Orion, under the regulatory oversight of Transport Can-ada and the Canadian Coast Guard. If usage of these waters is the yardstick to determine its classifi cation, use of the Passage as a thoroughfare does not rise to the threshold of designating it as an international strait.

SoWhereDoesOttawaGoFromHere

It is plainly obvious that the North-west Passage has had a shallow history of usage as a functionally important route for international maritime traf-fi c. It is equally obvious that as climate change increasingly renders the naviga-tion of the Northwest Passage more fea-sible, more vessels—commercial and, perhaps, military—will traverse these waters. Insurance, once hard to obtain for Arctic voyages, is already becoming more readily available, although mostly

in case of traffi c navigating the North-ern Sea Route. Th e increase in traffi c through the route is expected to call into question Ottawa’s legal position in regards to the Passage and, by exten-sion, to its larger fi delity to the law of the sea.

As a signatory to UNCLOS and a practitioner of maritime law in good standing, Canada retains an interest in safely navigating its way along the horns of this internal waters/interna-tional straits dilemma. Th at Ottawa might perhaps have a more persuasive international maritime law based case to make against its powerful neighbor to its south with regard to the delimita-tion of the as yet disputed boundary in the Beaufort Sea should make its con-tinuing adherence to the provisions of the law of the sea even more compel-ling. Building up its port and shipping related infrastructure as well as provid-ing essential services to commercial shipping along the Northwest Passage might be a useful fi rst step to promote and vindicate the exercise of Canada’s sovereignty over these gradually melt-ing waters. Alaska has vital interests in this issue ranging from resource deple-tion, global warming, habitat loss, and international confl ict to other strategic interests.

Sourabh Gupta is a Senior Research Associate at Samuels International Associates, Inc., a Washington, DC-based

strategic, international trade, and political advisory fi rm.

Dr. Ashok K. Roy is Vice President for Finance & Administration/Chief Financial Offi cer for the University System of Alaska and Associate

Professor of Business Administration at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.

Sourabh Gupta is a Senior Research Associate at Samuels International Associates, Inc., a Washington, DC-based

Dr. Ashok K. Roy is Vice President for Finance & Administration/Chief Financial Offi cer for the University System of Alaska and Associate


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Top 25 6-digit HS Commodities Based on 2012 Dollar ValueU.S. Exports by Origin State (Origin of Movement Series). Values in millions of dollars. Percent Change is from 2011 - 2012.

Rank HS Code

Description 2009Value

2010Value

2011Value

2012Value

2009 % Share

2010 % Share

2011 % Share

2012 % Share

% Change, 20011-2012

--- --- Total ALASKA Exports and % Share of U.S. Total 3,270 4,155 5,259 4,543 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 -13.6--- --- Total, Top 25 Commodities and % Share of State Total 1,972 2,779 3,353 4,269 60.3 66.9 63.8 94 27.31 260800 Zinc Ores and Concentrates 610 877 972 796 18.7 21.1 18.5 17.5 -18.12 260700 Lead Ores and Concentrates 160 402 495 428 4.9 9.7 9.4 9.4 -13.53 30389 Fish, Frozen, Nesoi 0 0 0 378 0 0 0 8.3 04 30499 Fish Meat, Frozen, Nesoi 182 270 319 369 5.6 6.5 6.1 8.1 15.75 30363 Cod, Frozen 0 0 0 250 0 0 0 5.5 06 30390 Fish Livers and Roes, Frozen 0 0 0 215 0 0 0 4.7 07 30475 Alaska Pollock Fillets, Frozen 0 0 0 207 0 0 0 4.6 08 271019 Petrol Oil Bitum Mineral (Nt Crud) Etc Nt Bio 38 27 125 178 1.2 0.6 2.4 3.9 41.99 260300 Copper Ores and Concentrates 64 37 199 169 2 0.9 3.8 3.7 -14.910 440320 Coniferous Wood in the Rough, Not Treated 86 114 118 151 2.6 2.7 2.2 3.3 27.811 30312 Pacifi c Salmon, Frozen, Nesoi 0 0 0 147 0 0 0 3.2 012 271111 Natural Gas, Liquefi ed 257 366 210 145 7.8 8.8 4 3.2 -31.113 30614 Crabs, Including in Shell, Frozen 82 73 113 126 2.5 1.7 2.2 2.8 10.914 261690 Precious Metal Ores & Concentrates, Except Si 0 20 142 108 0 0.5 2.7 2.4 -2415 30367 Alaska Pollock, Frozen 0 0 0 105 0 0 0 2.3 016 30311 Sockeye Salmon, Frozen 114 132 132 89 3.5 3.2 2.5 2 -32.417 30339 Flat Fish Nesoi Except Fillets, Livers, Roes 81 95 74 85 2.5 2.3 1.4 1.9 14.618 710812 Gold, Nonmonetary, Unwrought Nesoi 151 213 266 82 4.6 5.1 5.1 1.8 -69.319 880000 Civilian Aircraft, Engines, and Parts 29 49 33 73 0.9 1.2 0.6 1.6 119.820 230120 Flour Meal & Pellet of Fish Crustaceans Etc I 30 46 62 44 0.9 1.1 1.2 1 -29.321 270119 Coal Nesoi, Not Agglomerated 30 4 31 31 0.9 0.1 0.6 0.7 -0.722 30510 Flours, Meals & Pellts of Fish, For Human Con 20 18 22 26 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 19.423 30471 Cod Fillets, Frozen 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0.5 024 30351 Herrings, Frozen 38 35 38 23 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.5 -39.725 30213 Pacifi c Salmon, Fresh or Chilled 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0.4 0‘(Z)’ indicates a percent change greater than 500. Updated 17 MAY 2013.‘(Z)’ indicates a percent change greater than 500. Updated 17 MAY 2013.‘(Z)’ indicates a percent change greater than 500. Updated 17 MAY 2013.

TotalU.S.Exports(OriginofMovement)viaALASKATop 25 Countries Based on 2012 Dollar Value

U.S. Exports by Origin State (Origin of Movement Series). Values in millions of dollars. Percent Change is from 2011 - 2012.Rank Country 2009

Value2010Value

2011Value

2012Value

2009 % Share

2010 % Share

2011 % Share

2012 % Share

% Change, 20011-2012

--- Total ALASKA Exports and % Share of U.S. Total 3,270 4,155 5,259 4,543 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 -13.6--- Total, Top 25 Countries and % Share of State Total 3,197 4,083 5,111 4,470 97.8 98.3 97.2 98.4 -12.51 China 586 921 1,477 1,354 17.9 22.2 28.1 29.8 -8.42 Japan 992 1,218 1,086 780 30.3 29.3 20.6 17.2 -28.13 South Korea 458 477 642 663 14 11.5 12.2 14.6 3.34 Canada 320 391 586 467 9.8 9.4 11.2 10.3 -20.45 Germany 126 174 261 274 3.9 4.2 5 6 56 Spain 138 163 205 151 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.3 -26.27 Singapore 74 8 11 124 2.3 0.2 0.2 2.7 (Z)8 Netherlands 88 115 173 121 2.7 2.8 3.3 2.7 -29.89 Australia 21 66 96 108 0.6 1.6 1.8 2.4 12.310 Belgium 27 64 31 59 0.8 1.5 0.6 1.3 88.111 Switzerland 150 211 253 58 4.6 5.1 4.8 1.3 -77.112 Finland 27 41 60 45 0.8 1 1.1 1 -25.113 France 31 41 48 37 0.9 1 0.9 0.8 -22.814 Portugal 17 33 31 32 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.7 5.115 Brazil 0 1 2 32 0 0 0 0.7 (Z)16 United Kingdom 16 29 18 24 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.5 35.517 Ukraine 5 9 18 21 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 17.918 Chile 15 23 21 21 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 -2.419 Taiwan 12 23 20 17 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 -16.420 Norway 15 17 15 15 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 2.721 Italy 46 21 10 14 1.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 32.822 Lithuania 1 5 11 13 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 19.523 Denmark 10 8 19 13 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 -29.124 Hong Kong 22 12 13 13 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.725 Philippines 1 13 4 12 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 242.9‘(Z)’ indicates a percent change greater than 500. Updated 17 MAY 2013.‘(Z)’ indicates a percent change greater than 500. Updated 17 MAY 2013.


TRANSPORTATION

Arctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsArctic Shipping and Northern HarborsInternational port plans span more than a century for Nome

By Will Swagel

It may come as a surprise to most Americans—and even to many Alaskans—that the Port of Nome

is a very busy place. Between May and December, hundreds of vessels make port calls at Nome. And, driven by such geopolitical trends as high demand for gold and other minerals, commodities transshipment, increased oil explora-tion, and even international tourism, Nome offi cials are striving to keep port development ahead of demand.

“With the increase in northern ship-ping, we’re seeing [the Nome region] as the next economic hot spot,” says Denise Michels, Nome’s six-term mayor. “We’re trying to be proactive, instead of reactive.”

Th e Port of Nome’s 2013 Strategic Development Plan calls for a number of projects, some of which are already completed or will be underway in 2014. Called for are the addition of more dock space for varying size vessels both at the Port and Small Boat Har-

bor, a deep water dock on an extended causeway, uplands development, and lobbying for using Nome as the Arctic staging area for oil spill mitigation or search-and-rescue.

Nome has a vital role as a transship-ment hub for the entire region, shipping fuel and cargo to towns and villages as far north as Barrow and all the way to Lower Yukon communities.

Planners are hoping to dredge the outer harbor deeper to allow larger ves-

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sels to be serviced at the biggest port north of Dutch Harbor.

When Nome offi cials took their list of legislative priorities to Juneau last year, the cover of their presentation featured an im-age taken from an October 1907 issue of Nome’s Daily Gold Digger newspaper. Th e headline read: “Plan Mammoth Harbor for Snake River.” Th e Snake River winds through the Port and into Norton Sound.

“A big harbor was planned at the time for all the gold and silver mines,” says City Manager Josie Bahnke. “Th ere have been plans for a hundred years to make Nome an international port.”

Alaska’sMostNorthernBigPort

Joy Baker is Nome’s long-time, plain-speaking harbormaster and was oversee-

ing Port traffi c since 1990 as the city man-ager’s assistant, even before she got the Harbormaster title in 1997. Last year she was given yet another title, Projects Man-ager for Port and Harbor Development.

Baker says that around 2006, she be-gan to see a signifi cant rise in Port ac-tivity. “It started to spike,” she says. “It wasn’t extravagant, but you could see the spikes were there.”

Aerial view of the Port of Nome.

Photo courtesy of Port of Nome

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Nome saw 30 dockings in 1990. In 2012, 449 vessels (ships and barges) used the port. In 2012, 61 vessels an-chored off the harbor, either waiting for dock space to open or because their vessel draft was too deep. Last year, the number of anchored vessels jumped to 150.

“We have three different issues going on here in my mind,” says Baker. “We’re trying to meet the demand of our re-gional fleet and transshipments as a hub facility. And to accommodate that vessel demand—[allowing them] to get in and get their work done and get their materials and heavy equipment and gravel to projects and their cargo and fuel distributed to the communities. The second component is that we’re seeing more support vessels and more private vessels going over the top. We are getting some of the oil exploration research and development traffic. And then there is a third local component, which is the offshore gold rush.”

She took a breath. “I see that we will continue to grow on all of those fronts.”

From the air, the Port of Nome pres-ents a dramatic footprint—two three thousand–foot long arms of causeway and breakwater—completed in 2006, along with a number of other harbor improvements—jut out into the Nor-ton Sound. Along the east side of the causeway are two open cell sheet pile docks built to serve medium-sized ships and barges. City officials are working to build a third dock—the so-called Middle Dock—located between the two existing docks. Building the Middle Dock is high on the list, with demand on the existing docks de-scribed as “overwhelming.”

“We need the third dock,” says Baker. “We needed it two years ago.”

Baker says Nome already has more than half of the $9.4 million cost in hand, along with a design for the 240-foot long Middle Dock—identical to the docks on either side. If the rest of the funds can be secured, construction could start in 2014, she says. Upland de-velopment will tie the Middle Dock into the two other docks through additional cargo staging areas.

APackedInnerHarborCloser to shore, beyond the causeway and breakwater, through a 150-foot


wide opening, scores of smaller boats avail themselves of a number of moor-ages in the inner harbor. In 2007 ma-jor improvements were made, but the work goes on. Th e inner harbor freezes about a month earlier than the outer moorages.

Th e Port’s Strategic Development Plan lists an inner harbor fl eet of ap-proximately 25 fi shing vessels; a vari-ety of landing craft s, tugs, and barges working the region; sailboats; subsis-tence boats; and more than 128 gold dredges—ranging from homemade twenty-foot craft to eighty-foot barges with mounted excavators.

Near the mouth of the Snake River, the Port is near completion of a high ramp dock and will be dredging a por-tion of the moorage basin in the inner harbor/river area. Th e project, pegged at $4 million, is expected to be in use this year.

Th e high ramp dock will allow the safer and more effi cient loading of car-go and heavy equipment—just the kind used by mining operations. Baker says an adjacent boat launch ramp was be-ing used as a makeshift loading ramp, causing a bottleneck.

“Now, the high ramp [dock] can be used to move cargo, equipment, and gravel, and the launch ramp can be an actual launch ramp.”

Th e dredging will allow anchoring of lighter draft vessels, like recreation-al vessels and off shore gold dredges, which might otherwise have to raft against other vessels in places that could impede critical harbor cargo and fuel traffi c.

“When you have so many little guys, the big guys can have trouble maneu-vering,” Baker says.

Off the main channel is the Small Boat Harbor, which has a maximum depth of minus ten feet. Th ere are about twenty commercial permit holders op-erating out of the Small Boat Harbor that fi sh for herring, red king crab, halibut, and salmon. Th ere are also nu-merous smaller lighterage barges that transport fuel and cargo to and from coastal and Yukon villages.

Th en there is the New Gold Rush. Baker says that for many years, a small off shore fl eet of thirty- to forty-foot long gold dredges operated out of the Small Boat Harbor. But with high gold

Joy Baker, Nome

Harbormaster

Photo courtesy of Port of Nome

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prices, new lease sales in the area, new recreational mining permits be-ing issued, and the popular Discovery Channel show “Bering Sea Gold” stok-ing interest in mining, the number of vessels has “skyrocketed” and their size is increasing.

“There’s quite a few more [dredges] of all lengths, but a new component has attracted large craft up to 120 feet,” Baker says. “Now we have to raft up these larger vessels and that creates a problem for managing cargo and fuel out of the small boat harbor.”

Another group of users of the Port of Nome may be counterintuitive to many—small cruise ships and private yachts. Baker says two German cruise ships regularly call at Nome as one of their Alaska ports, along with several other cruise lines that alternate years in Alaska. She says they have always seen the occasional sailboats at the port, but their numbers are increasing as well.

Michels said a lot of what makes Nome valuable to visiting mariners can be found ashore. Nome offers res-taurants, retail shops, hotels, internet, and postal and banking services. One can buy fresh vegetables year-round. Alaska Airlines flies in twice a day, a service made more reliable by Nome International Airport’s cross-wind runways.

“We’re the only port north of Dutch that can handle medium sized vessels,” Michels says. “The larger vessels [any-thing drafting over twenty-two feet] still have to anchor out—but [their pas-sengers or crew] can come in by small boats or helicopter.”

EmergencyandSARIt’s this wide range of services that make Nome officials confident that a state and federal plan to develop a northern deep-water port in the area will be good for the local economy.

Next month a preliminary version of the Alaska Deep Draft Arctic Port

System Study Report is to be released for public review online at poa.usace.army.mil/Library/ReportsandStudies/AlaskaRegionalPortsStudy.aspx. The report, a 50-50 cost share between the US Army Corps of Engineers and the

Alaska Department of Transporta-tion, weighed fourteen possible sites for a deep water Arctic port along three thousand miles of Arctic coast, from the Kuskokwim River to the Canadian border.

“We’re the only port north of Dutch that can handle medium sized vessels. The larger vessels [any-thing drafting over twenty-two feet] still have to anchor out—but [their passengers or crew] can come in by small boats or helicopter.”

—Denise Michels Mayor of Nome


The study builds on previous assess-ments such as the Northern Waters Task Force, the Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment, and the Institute of the North’s series of workshops.

With northern waters becoming more accessible, the traffic over the Northern Sea Route is increasing. Off-shore oil exploration, new or expanded mining, and village development are

all contributing to the increase in ves-sel traffic. With that traffic comes the possibility of an oil spill or the need for search and rescue. The nearest USCG vessel is a week away at Kodiak. Rescue aircraft is an eight hour flight away.

The report will recommend that a deep water port be developed at Nome, or at two other points to the north—at Cape Riley or the old US Coast Guard (USCG) LORAN station on Point Spen-cer at Port Clarence.

“We are looking at each of them as stand-alone alternatives and as a com-bination of one or more or all three,” says Michael Lukshin, a port and har-bors engineer for DOT.

Lorraine Cordova, project leader for the US Army Corps of Engineers, says field studies were conducted in June and scoping meetings were held in Nome, Teller, and Brevig Mission. More environmental work was performed later in the summer, as well. Econo-mists are analyzing alternative plans for the three sites.

“What we’ve said is that all fourteen [of the sites studied] need enhanced in-frastructure,” Cordova says. “The oth-ers haven’t been ruled out, but we are proceeding with this to get one project done and then the state could elect to move on to the next one.” She notes that a 2010 survey of marine infrastructure needs identified more than one thou-sand projects.

“By the end of 2014, we will have a final [report] ready for the Assistant Secretary of the Army for the Corps of Engineers to sign and send on up to Congress,” Cordova says.

InterestinPortClarenceNorth of Nome, the former USCG LO-RAN station at Port Clarence sits on land that the Bering Straits Native Corporation (BSNC) has been seeking since 1976 as part of its ANCSA allot-ments. Port Clarence had a histori-cal importance as a port of refuge for

“What we’ve said is that all fourteen [of the sites studied] need enhanced infrastructure… The others haven’t been ruled out, but we are proceeding with this to get one project done and then the state could elect to move on to the next one… By the end of 2014, we will have a final [report] ready for the Assistant Secretary of the Army for the Corps of Engineers to sign and send on up to Congress.”

—Lorraine Cordova US Army Corps of Engineers, Project Leader

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19th Century whaling ships, but BSNC shareholders have cultural connections that far predate that, says Matt Ganley, BSNC’s vice president of resources and external aff airs.

When USCG decommissioned the LORAN station in 2010, BSNC stepped up eff orts to acquire the property, hop-ing to preserve as much of the infra-structure as possible. Th e station had housing and ancillary buildings for twenty-four people. Th ere is a 7,500-foot airstrip, 4,500 feet of it paved. Port Clarence stays ice-free longer than ports farther north and already has deep water anchorages.

Ganley says there has been a huge up-tick in interest in developing an Arctic port in the last few years, “but before all that was circulating out there, we real-ized that [Point Spencer] was a signifi -cant property in the big picture for the region.”

“If you look at a lands status map, all the way from Shishmaref through Nor-ton Sound, the whole coastline is owned by village corporations and BSNC, the area’s regional corporation,” Ganley says. “From a property standpoint and

from a geographic standpoint, the re-gional corporation and the communi-ties in the region have a lot in the game of what occurs in Arctic waters.”

Ganley says BSNC seeks to develop disaster and search-and-rescue re-sponse capabilities at the site and stag-ing support for oil and gas exploration in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas. Oth-er possibilities include fuel and equip-ment storage. Despite the complexities of the land transfer at present, BSNC has developed preliminary build-out plans, completed a draft economic fea-sibility study, and has been consulting with industry and private fi rms, such as Crowley Maritime.

“Along the coastline, people have been at risk for a long time,” Ganley says. “Hundreds of thousands of gal-lons of fuel are shipped through the Bering Straits and to the villages now. Fortunately, we have companies like Crowley Maritime, Northland Services, and others that know the area and are very good at what they do.”

As Arctic ship traffi c increases, so does the likelihood of less experienced and less careful shippers operating in

the area. “We have been living with risks, but we really don’t even have the capacity to respond to those adequate-ly,” Ganley says.

RegionalAccordNome’s Mayor Michels’ day job is direc-tor of transportation of Kawerak, Inc., a not-for-profi t service organization, where she works for the development and implementation of strategies for transportation and public infrastruc-ture in the Arctic. Her two jobs enjoy a lot of synergy, she says.

“Last year, the City of Nome and Kawerak went to Washington, DC and provided federal priorities to lobby for,” she says. “Our interests lined up with each other.”

Bahnke says Nome has supported BSNC’s pursuit of the Port Clarence LO-RAN site. Development in its neighbor-hood will only increase the demand for the supplies and services—like grocer-ies and jet aircraft services—that only Nome can provide.

“It’s only going to complement what our operations already are in Nome,” she says.

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Alaskan author and journalist Will Swagel writes from Sitka.

“I’ve had long discussions with Denise [Michels] on this, I think the region and the state can re-ally benefit from the planned development of Port Clarence and Nome in a complementary way.”

—Matt GanleyVice President of Resources and External Affairs, BSNC

Harbormaster Baker says there could be a redirection of some of the fuel that is now being stored in Nome and redistributed to the Upper Arctic to be routed out of a fuel storage facility at Port Clarence. But instead of viewing such a development as competition, she sees that as a change that could help economic issues for everyone.

“If they can save money for those upper Arctic coastal communities, like Kotzebue, Point Hope, Wales and Diomede—we’re all for that because fuel costs are already too high in our region,” she says. Fuel storage in Nome will still be at capacity for servicing the regional communities and the home-ported vessel fl eets, as well as resupply for the regional and Arctic marine traffi c.

Nome offi cials have been advocat-ing for the USCG to maintain a fast re-sponse vessel at Nome. But Port Clar-ence and Nome are not the only Arctic communities being considered. Th e USCG has spent the last three years testing three communities as pos-sible forward operating bases: Nome in 2010, Barrow in 2011, and Kotzebue in 2012.

BSNC’s Ganley says his company is hoping that being able to stage fuel and heavy equipment at Port Clarence could help industries develop in the region—mining in particular.

“I’ve had long discussions with De-nise [Michels] on this,” Ganley says. “I think the region and the state can re-ally benefi t from the planned develop-ment of Port Clarence and Nome in a complementary way.”


FISHERIES

Opilio crab fi shing in the Bering Sea.

Facilitating growth in business, total economic output

By Vanessa Orr

Photo courtesy of the Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute

Julie Decker has been commercial fi shing for nineteen years; her hus-band, Gig, has been a commercial

fi sherman for forty years, starting soon aft er he graduated college. Each sum-mer, they take their two children, ages twelve and fourteen, out on their boat to gillnet for salmon. For the Deckers, fi shing not only helps them earn a liv-ing, but provides a type of lifestyle that they couldn’t fi nd anywhere else.

“Th ere are a lot of benefi ts—you work mainly for yourself and you have a fl ex-ible schedule to a degree,” explains Julie Decker, who also works as the develop-ment director for Alaska Fisheries De-velopment Foundation, Inc. “As small boat commercial fi shermen, we get to

have our family on board, which is re-ally, really nice. It’s a great way to raise a family. And of course, you get to work outside in a beautiful environment—that’s a huge plus.”

While happy to live a lifestyle that most people don’t get to experience, Decker adds that it can be a little more volatile than most jobs. “When the money is good, it’s good, but when it’s not, it’s not,” she adds. “It’s similar to farming in that you’ve got boom and bust seasons. Th ose who are the most successful these days are the people who diversify, working diff er-ent fi sheries at diff erent times of the year. Th at way, if one fi shery is bad because of returns, or gear confl icts, or even sea ot-ters, they’re not relying on it 100 percent.”

Just as fi shing helps to support the Decker family, the seafood industry helps support the state of Alaska and its residents. According to a report released in August of 2013, “Economic Value of the Alaska Seafood Industry,” published by the Alaska Seafood Marketing Insti-tute (ASMI) in 2011, the industry di-rectly employed 63,100 workers in the state, making it Alaska’s largest private sector employer. Roughly one in eight workers earned at least part of their an-nual income directly from the seafood industry, producing $4.6 billion worth of wholesale seafood and resulting in an estimated $1.7 billion in labor income.

Jobs and income created as a result of business and personal spending con-

Alaska Seafood Industry Creates Jobs, Opportunities Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Alaska Seafood Industry Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities Creates Jobs, Opportunities


nected to the Alaska seafood indus-try (the multiplier eff ect) raises these numbers even higher. Including multi-plier eff ects, Alaska’s seafood industry is the basis for 77,400 jobs in the state, providing $2.2 billion of labor income and $6.8 billion in total economic out-put in 2011.

“What’s pretty cool is that because this is a renewable resource, Alaska will continue to see billions of dollars in economic activity happening year aft er year as long as we continue to manage the fi sheries,” says Tyson Fick, com-munications director, ASMI. “When Alaska became a state, sustainability was written into the State Constitution about the management of natural re-sources. In Alaska, fi sh come fi rst.”

ExportingAlaska’sHarvestIn 2011, the combined value of Alaska seafood exports and the retail value of Alaska seafood sold in the United States totaled an estimated $6.4 billion. But one of the most important aspects of these exports is their ability to bring money back into Alaskan communities.

“Th e seafood industry is an avenue for so many local jobs and incomes; in many areas, it is one of the only basic sector industries that generates a prod-uct that brings money in from outside,” explains Marcus Hartley, vice presi-dent and senior economist, Northern Economics. “Th is is important to the economic development and economic well-being of a region because you can’t do that well in an economy that just de-pends on providing things for yourself and your neighbors. You need to bring money in from the outside to prosper from an economic perspective.

“For example, the state began to prosper when it began developing the oil industry; it’s the same with seafood and mining,” he adds. “Seafood doesn’t just help one location like Anchorage or Juneau, either; its benefi ts are felt throughout the entire state.”

Th e benefi ts of the Alaska seafood industry can be seen in fi shing villages across the Final Frontier. “You really see the dollars moving around the commu-nity when the fi shermen come to town to buy fuel, groceries, and hardware,” says Decker, who lives in Wrangell. “Over the past fi ve or so years, our town was able to build a Marine Service Cen-

ter that does haul outs for boats. Now we’re keeping more boats here and see-ing activity year-round, which is very good for the community. Part of that has to do with the salmon industry coming back; things are more profi t-able, so people are beginning to invest more in their vessels.”

According to Decker, these invest-ments include everything from boat repairs to more effi cient deck layouts, improvements in quality like better insulated holds, new energy effi cient engines, energy effi cient upgrades, and even completely new vessel construc-tion. “Th is increased demand has cre-ated a shortage of these types of jobs

and businesses in order to fi ll the de-mand, which is being seen in places like Homer, Seward, Kodiak, Wrangell, and Ketchikan,” says Decker, who has been working with the University of Alaska, the Alaska Department of Labor, and others to create a “Maritime Workforce Development Plan for Alaska” as one step to help facilitate growth in these businesses.

Community improvements are also being seen in the rural Alaskan com-munities along the Bering Sea as a re-sult of the Community Development Quota (CDQ) Program, in which six groups representing sixty-fi ve fi shing communities are allocated a portion

Longline cod fi shing in the Bering Sea.

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of the groundfi sh and crab fi sheries. Th e federal program, which was imple-mented in 1992, was part of an alloca-tion that divided up Bering Sea Pollock fi shing among shore-based and at-sea catchers and processors, as well as fi sh-ing communities that were no more than fi ft y miles from the Bering Sea and that otherwise had no access to the groundfi sh resources. Over time, this program expanded to include all feder-ally managed fi sheries in the Bering Sea and the Aleutians.

“I think that if you asked anyone in these rural communities, they would say that they are better off now,” says Hartley of the CDQ program, which has boosted the economies of these ar-eas and raised their standard of living. “Th ere are a lot of people now engaged in the fi shing industry that would not have been without the program. Jobs and scholarships have been made avail-able. And those CDQ groups that didn’t originally have boats or the money to buy them have now earned enough from leasing their quotas to other fi sh-erman and processors that they are able to buy their own harvesting vessels to take ownership of these resources.

“Th e Coastal Village Regional Corpo-ration is a great example,” he continues. “At one point, this CDQ group, which is made up of about fi ft een to twenty communities in the Bethel area, owned 50 percent of the largest single fi shing

company in the United States, and that all came about as a result of the CDQ program. Th ey were also able to build a large salmon processing plant in Plati-num, Alaska, that does all of the salm-on processing for essentially the entire Bethel region.”

In addition to jobs, the CDQ program has resulted in a number of other ben-efi ts for communities, including the development of fi shing infrastructure; establishment of educational, training, and scholarship programs; and invest-ments in research and development of new and existing fi sheries.

And not only do seafood exports help Alaskans, but they create jobs in other states as well. Th e Alaska seafood indus-try directly accounted for 94,000 work-ers who caught, processed, managed, sold, cooked, or served Alaska seafood in the United States, earning $2.8 billion in 2011. Including multiplier eff ects, Alaska’s seafood industry is the basis for 120,000 US jobs, employing more than 165,000 people across the nation, and creating $6.4 billion in labor income.

BuildingandMaintainingaMarket

One of the keys to the success of Alas-ka’s seafood industry is making sure that people know the benefi ts of Alaska products. While Alaska produces 95 percent of all salmon caught in the Unit-ed States, wild Alaska salmon only rep-resents about 23 percent of the total US salmon supply, with most of the nation’s salmon coming from foreign farms.

“Our job is to help people understand that they should choose natural wild fi sh from Alaska, and luckily, we have a great story to tell from a great place,” says Fick. “Th ere is a lot of interest in Alaska and in wild salmon, which is one of the healthiest forms of protein in addition to being delicious.”

To this end, ASMI has programs in place for domestic food service, do-mestic retail, and public relations. Th e agency also has six international offi ces that serve twenty countries outside the United States, including an offi ce that opened a year ago in Brazil. “We have a broad portfolio of fi sh—salmon, hali-but, cod, black cod, crab—that we can provide throughout world,” says Fick. “And a lot of times, we have things to off er that other countries don’t. For

example, a lot of our fi sh was going to Spain, Portugal, Norway, and China and being turned into salt cod that was then shipped into Brazil. We wanted to respond to Brazil’s growing interest in direct imports and also wanted to in-troduce Brazil’s growing middle class to wild salmon as an alternative to the increasing amount of farmed salmon coming from Chile.

“Th e market for farmed salmon con-tinues to grow, which mean that less of the total supply of fi sh is being provided by Alaska,” he added. “In a global con-text, we are at about 12 to 14 percent of the market when you include farmed salmon, despite having the best salmon in quality from the most pristine waters.”

Decker has seen the change that this marketing has made fi rst-hand. “We came through a tough period in the late 1990s and early 2000s with salmon; the industry was not prepared for the competition that came from farmed salmon,” she explains. “We had to play catch up in quality, product develop-ment, and marketing. I think we’re in a pretty good place now; we’ve pretty much caught up and diff erentiated ourselves from farmed fi sh in a posi-tive way. Prices have come up, there’s better overall quality, and the industry is in the process of developing a lot of diff erent products. We’re no longer just putting it in a can and calling it good.”

Last year, ASMI’s budget was approx-imately $22.5 million for marketing, which it uses to promote and maintain Alaska’s market niche. “We have to dif-ferentiate our product and continually improve quality—we can’t just catch more to make more money; it’s all based on biology,” says Fick. “Luckily, we have the best fi sh and fi shermen in the world, so it’s a good story to tell.”

“I think the future is bright,” adds Decker. “In every fi shery, there will be bumps along the road—whether in the biology of the species, management structure, unforeseen environmental issues, or market pricing—but in gen-eral, things look good. But we always have to look at bettering ourselves and our industry, because the rest of the world is doing that.”

Vanessa Orr is the former editor of the Capital City Weekly in Juneau.

The Decker family fi shes together ev-ery summer on F/V McCrea, from left, Helen, Julie, Sig, and Gig Decker.

Photo courtesy of Julie Decker

Fact: Alaska is 100% committed to sustainable seafood. Sustainability was written into Alaska’s state constitution in 1959, meaning we have an ever-replenishing supply of

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MINING

ALASKA EXPORTS COPPER THROUGH ALASKA EXPORTS COPPER THROUGH ALASKA EXPORTS COPPER THROUGH SKAGWAYSKAGWAYSKAGWAY

When the mighty Yukon River freezes up this winter, the trucks will roll again. Th ey

will rumble down the Klondike Highway that connects the Yukon with its historic seaport in Skagway in Southeast Alaska.

Called the “Gateway to the Klondike” since the Klondike Gold Rush of 1898, Skagway’s deep-water port still sees ore from the Yukon shipped Outside, much like the gold of over a century ago.

Vancouver-based Capstone Mining Corporation’s Minto Mine, just south of Carmacks and across the Yukon River in Canada’s Yukon Territory, has its concentrates trucked to Skagway and

on to smelters in Asia for treatment and sale.

Th e company projects the Minto Mine will operate until 2022.

“Minto operates year-round; how-ever, the shipping schedule is seasonal and does vary,” says Cindy Burnett, vice president of investor relations and com-munications for Capstone Mining Cor-poration. “We cross the Yukon River in summer using a barge and in winter us-ing an ice bridge, but during the shoul-der freeze and thaw we cannot ship for about six weeks in the spring and six weeks in fall. During these periods we stockpile material on-site for shipping once we can get trucks in and out again.”

Th e huge trucks are a familiar sight in Skagway, rolling down State Street to the city’s Ore Dock.

“During trucking season we average about fi ve trucks a day through Skag-way,” Burnett says.

Th e White Pass & Yukon Route Rail-road once transported ore from Yukon

Yukon Territory Minto Mine booms with new fi nds

By Dimitra Lavrakas

The Pacifi c Challenger at the Port of Skagway’s Ore Dock.

© Dimitra Lavrakas


mines to the port but had to suspended operations in 1982 when worldwide mineral prices took a dive and Yukon mines closed. Reopened in 1988 as a seasonal tourism operation, it has never returned to transporting ore, although in the last few years there has been some discussion on it but to no conclusion.

In 1978, the South Klondike Highway opened. A spur off the Alaska Highway, it was only opened seasonally until 1986 to accommodate trucking of ore from the Yukon’s Faro Mine.

But all roads still lead to Skagway’s deepwater port.

No Lack of Demand, or SupplyIt’s a goodly amount of product that comes though Skagway, says Burnett.

“In 2012, we shipped just over 43,000 dry metric tonnes [dmt] of copper con-centrate through Skagway,” she says. “In 2013, we have only reported through the fi rst three quarters. As of September 30, we have shipped just under 30,000 dmt.”

e Minto Mine began commercial production in October 2007. It is spread over a series of high-grade areas, inter-spersed with large deposits of low-grade

material. e highest-grade deposits are mined sequentially in a series of small pits supplemented with addition-al ore from underground, which began this year, according to the company.

An active exploration program since start-up has met with considerable suc-cess. Successive pre-feasibility studies have been completed, labeled Phase I to IV. Each represents the addition of new reserves and mine life and will enter the permitting with exploration success.

“ e deposits included in the current life of the mine plan are Minto North; Minto South, which incorporates the deposits formerly known as Area 2/118, Copper Keel, and Wildfi re; Minto East; and Ridgetop,” Burnett says. “ e Min-to Main pit was mined out in 2011.”

Burnett points to the universal need for copper for essential uses in daily life as a safety net for the mine’s future op-erations.

“All of the copper concentrate from Minto, since the start of operations in 2007, has gone to copper smelters and refi ners in Asia, where it is refi ned into a pure metal product,” Burnet says. “Pri-mary end uses for copper are electrical,

electronics and communications, con-struction, transportation, and indus-trial machinery and equipment.

“Copper is the best non-precious metal conductor of electricity, it plays a key role in worldwide information and communications technologies, and is one of the materials of choice for plumbing, taps, valves, and fi ttings,” she says.

e International Copper Study Group, based in Lisbon, Portugal, re-leased its “World Copper Fact Book 2013” that stated, “Refi ned copper us-age in 2012 reached 20.5 million tonnes. China was also the largest consumer of refi ned copper in 2012, with apparent usage of over 8.8 million tonnes.”

Formally established as an autono-mous inter-governmental organization in 1992, following a series of ad hoc meetings sponsored by the United Na-tions in the 1980s, the International Copper Study Group “serves to increase copper market transparency and pro-mote international discussions and co-operation on issues related to copper.”

e United States is the fourth-larg-est producer of copper in the world.

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Storage Lease ExtendedIn September, the Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority ex-tended Capstone’s storage lease at the Ore Dock to March 2023.

“We are very pleased to extend this lease with Capstone Mining,” said AIDEA Executive Director Ted Leonard in a press release. “ e company is an excellent tenant, partner, and corpo-rate citizen. is is another sign that our partnership with industry and the community of Skagway continues to produce positive results.”

AIDEA, a public corporation of the state, promotes, develops, and advanc-es the general prosperity and economic welfare of the people of Alaska.

Capstone was fi rst tenant at AIDEA’s refurbished terminal when it began shipping copper concentrates through Skagway in 2007. At the time, AIDEA constructed twenty-fi ve thousand square feet of storage capacity and a year later added ten thousand square feet to accommodate Capstone’s need for increased space.

But time and use has degraded the facility, and it’s in need of some work.

Ore Dock UpgradesSeeing the mining industry in the Yukon blossoming again, AIDEA announced in July 2013 that its board had approved an expansion of the Skagway Ore Terminal.

“Expansion of Skagway Ore Terminal is another sign of our commitment to grow the facility in partnership with the community and have it used in the long term as the Gateway to the Yukon,” said Leonard in a press release. “We are very pleased that because of the sup-port of Governor Parnell and the Leg-islature, AIDEA has the fi nancial tools to expand the capability of the termi-nal. New jobs and economic growth for Skagway will result.”

e initial announcement pegged construction on the $7.5 million expan-sion project to begin last summer, with project completion expected in the fi rst quarter of 2014.

However, in late December, Karsten Rodvik, director of external aff airs for AIDEA, said, “At this time, nothing is being done, but we expect to kick off the project this winter.”

e Ore Dock serves a dual purpose in Skagway: it is used to dock cruise ships

during the day, with tourists walking under the ore loader to get into town, and at night, it’s used to shiª ore onto the barge headed across the Pacifi c.

According to the Municipality of Skagway’s Port Improvement Plan, Phase I aims to complete the existing ore storage facility by rehabilitating the feed conveyor and the feed reclamation con-veyor, upgrading the dust control sys-tem, and modifying the power supply.

Phase II would expand the port site by creating uplands with a new bulk-head structure to increase the Ore Dock’s capacity to serve ore vessels and cruise ships simultaneously.

Phase III would see the old ore loader replaced with a new one built within a sheet pile bulkhead site. e loader would then be in a better location to do its job effi ciently.

And Skagway will remain what it has been for over a hundred years, the pri-mary port for the Yukon Territory.


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An average consumer encounters written contracts on a regular basis. Transactions over the in-

ternet typically require you to read and agree to the terms and conditions that govern the access to data being granted or to confi rm that you are waiving cer-tain rights to privacy. Every cell phone company and fi tness facility requires their customers to sign lengthy written agreements that set forth the rules that govern the new relationship. Although laws have been passed to ensure that the font used in such agreements meets a minimum size requirement (so we can actually read it without a magni-fying glass), the language is still oª en convoluted and so plagued by legal jar-gon that it can be diffi cult to determine what you agreed to do.

Now that the holiday and year-end dust has settled, you may fi nd yourself surrounded by new gym membership contracts, warranty agreements for new appliances, extended repair agree-ments for new electronic gadgets, or subscription agreements for new ser-vice and delivery orders.

If you do, be sure to read the fi ne print in those contracts. In fact, you should closely read any contract before signing it. By tak-ing the time to read at least the key terms and conditions, you can save yourself a great deal of time, money, and grief in the future. Key terms to look for include:

Promises: Often the devil is in the details—your rights and remedies will turn on exactly what words are used. It is easy to skim and take away what you believe is the reasonable interpretation and intent; however, the true meaning and effect of the sentence may be something very different. To ensure you fully understand what the deal is, carefully read the sentences that describe what the company promises to

do or give you as well as any exclusions and expiration dates.

Notice Requirements: If you need to invoke a warranty or repair promise or demand that the company comply with their obligations, you usually need to make the request in a particular way and send it to a specifi c address. Similarly, if you decide you want to cancel a membership or service, you usually must provide advance notice of your intent and send the cancellation notice in a particular format to a specifi c address. While companies must be reasonable in enforcing these notice requirements, it will save you a lot of time, energy, and frustration if you understand the requirements and comply with them the fi rst time around. Understanding your notice requirements will also help you avoid paying for more services or fees than you need to. I am sure I am not the only person who has had to pay for an extra month of membership because I failed to cancel before the beginning of a billing cycle.

Dispute Resolution: Most contracts contain language that sets a procedure and deadline for resolving disputes. Some require a face-to-face meeting or mediation before you can fi le a claim in court. And, some contracts indicate parties must arbitrate rather than go to court.

Reasonable ConclusionsHopefully, being more aware of your rights and obligations, you will be able to quickly sort out any issues with the company. But if your talks break down, there are many organizations, govern-mental agencies, legal concepts, and laws that protect consumers against unfair and deceptive business practices. You can fi le a complaint with the local Better Business Bureau, a state or local government consumer protection unit,

or a court of appropriate jurisdiction. Most states have consumer protection statutes such as “lemon” laws that im-pose legal obligations on the manu-facturers and, in some cases, sellers of vehicles, and “unfair trade practices acts” applicable to most companies that engage in commerce. ese laws allow consumers to collect punitive damages and attorneys’ fees if they prove that a company violated their legal obliga-tions. In Alaska, we also have a com-mon law concept known as the “implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing” that is inherent in every contractual re-lationship and provides the same type of recovery. Whether or not a company has violated this implied covenant is judged on a “reasonable person” basis. at is, would a reasonable person conclude that the company did not act in good faith or deal fairly with the consumer?

Again, many disputes can be avoided if both sides enter into a transaction with the same expectations and a clear understanding of the key terms of the deal. us, while it certainly won’t be the most fun thing you do, reading those consumer contracts will be a good use of your time.

Legal Speak By Renea I. Saade

Read the Fine PrintRead the Fine PrintRead the Fine PrintRead the Fine PrintRead the Fine PrintRead the Fine PrintIt can save you time, money, and grief!

Renea I. Saade is a Partner with law fi rm Stoel Rives LLP. She assists companies with their contract disputes and employment law

needs. She may be reached at [email protected] or 907-277-1900. Please note this article is provided for educational purposes and does not constitute legal advice.

Renea I. Saade is a Partner with law fi rm Stoel Rives LLP. She assists companies with their contract disputes and employment law


FINANCIAL SERVICES

Lending opportunities present growth for Alaska businesses

By Tracy Barbour

On October 31, Bristol Bay Native Corporation (BBNC) complet-ed the largest, most technical

transaction in its history. It acquired Peak Oilfi eld Service Co., thanks to commercial fi nancing from Wells Far-go. e term loan supported a strategic acquisition for BBNC, which is owned by 9,400 Alaska Native shareholders in Southwest Alaska.

BBNC has engaged in business in the oilfi eld service industry for a num-ber of years and is a staunch advocate of responsible resource development. Peak—which provides fi eld support services on the North Slope, Cook In-let, and in North Dakota—has a strong safety culture that produces a loyal workforce and happy customers, ac-cording to BBNC President and CEO Jason Metrokin.

Wells Fargo Alaska Commercial Banking Manager Sam Mazzeo, Peak Oilfi eld Service Company President Michael O’Connor, Wells Fargo Principal Business Relationship Manager Chris Horton, and Bristol Bay Native Corporation CEO Jason Metrokin after the announcement of BBNC’s acquisition of Peak, with lead fi nancing provided by Wells Fargo.

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“Peak Oilfi eld is a success story in Alas-ka, and we’re proud to have them as a part of the BBNC family,” he says. “Peak will signifi cantly contribute to BBNC’s mis-sion, Enriching Our Native Way of Life.”

Metrokin praises Wells Fargo for making the transaction a success. “ e collective team at Wells Fargo was highly engaged and very professional during our acquisition process,” Me-trokin says. “ e breadth of resources Wells Fargo brought to the table were uniquely qualifi ed to meet our needs.”

Alaska’s fi nancial institutions off er the gamut of commercial loans, includ-ing real estate, working capital, equip-ment, and business acquisition and expansion fi nancing. ey also make bank portfolio loans, extend lines of credit, and work with other entities that facilitate fi nancing, such as the Small Business Administration, Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority, Bureau of Indian Aff airs, US Department of Agriculture, and Alaska Housing Finance Corporation.

Commercial loans not only help busi-nesses thrive and expand, but they also have a broader impact on the state’s economy, according to Stacy Tomuro, a vice president with First National Bank Alaska’s Commercial Lending Divi-sion. For example, lending money to businesses that aren’t holding enough cash to buy goods and services from other Alaska businesses injects imme-diate cash into the economy. Financing equipment and real estate gives buyers more purchasing power if they only need to make a 20 to 25 percent down payment. Sellers, in turn, can reinvest the cash in Alaska’s economy.

Eager to Make Good Loans In general, the environment for commer-cial loans is very competitive now, and banks—coming out of the recent reces-sion—are eager to grow loans again, ac-cording to Wells Fargo Alaska Commer-cial Banking Manager Sam Mazzeo. is has made for a very attractive environ-ment for creditworthy borrowers. “In the last three years, the terms have become very competitive, as banks are looking for good borrowers, good projects, and good places to lend money,” he says.

Wells Fargo has a broad array of commercial lenders that cover all types of commercial loans and lines of credit,

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above Eni Petroleum, Spy Island, March 2011

top right Deballasting after barge offload, West Dock, August 2011bottom right Blaze Anderson, roughneck, Parker Drilling Rig 272, February 2013next Parker Drilling Rig 272 moving crew, next Parker Drilling Rig 272 moving crew, next

February 2013

135

Rigging cable, Liberty Project, July 2009

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as well as equipment fi nance and as-set-based lending specialists. For 2012 and 2013, the bank expected to make nearly $1 billion in commercial loans to Alaska businesses, Mazzeo says. “ at kind of capital is critical to being able to support existing businesses, which, in turn, is the engine for employment and overall gross product for the state of Alaska,” Mazzeo says.

Incidentally, Wells Fargo is expand-ing its business banking team in Alaska to include more specialists in equip-ment fi nancing and SBA loan programs.

Northrim Bank is also constantly searching for good lending opportuni-ties. e bank’s business lending team is well equipped with local industry in-sight, solid business connections, and the ability to present creative fi nancing options, says Vice President, Commer-cial Loan Unit Manager and In House Counsel Michael Martin. “We are en-gaged with our customers’ business, taking an innovative approach to their fi nancial needs and objectives,” he says.

In today’s economy, every business is unique, Martin says. Financing needs are complex and constantly evolving, which is why Northrim strives to off er fl exible terms and out-of-the-box, non-traditional fi nancing for a broad range of industries. A prime example is Sitna-suak Native Corporation (SNC) and its recent commercial loan with Northrim. e Nome-based company worked with the bank to secure long-term fi nancing to acquire Fidelity Title Agency of Alaska (in Anchorage) and Mat-Su Title Agency (in Wasilla). “We are very interested in fi xing our loan rates whenever possible, given the forecast for higher rates in the future,” says CFO Tom Delamater. “Con-sequently, we chose to take out a long-term swap contract for the duration of our loan. is eff ectively fi xed our rate for the full term of the loan.”

SNC looks long and hard at its bal-ance sheet before taking on any debt, Delamater says. e company always wants to maintain a position of fi nancial strength, so it never acquires more debt than it needs or can aff ord. at’s why Northrim’s creative fi nancing was ideal for SNC. Delamater explains: “ is par-ticular loan replenished a portion of in-vestment purchase price, enabling us to maintain the working capital required to meet near-term business goals. is

also puts our investment in the position to pay for a signifi cant portion of the ini-tial purchase price with cash fl ow from current and future cash fl ows.”

SNC considered a number of insti-tutions to meet its fi nancing needs, but Northrim provided the best op-tions. “ ey delivered,” Delamater says. “ ey are a great company to do busi-ness with.”

Like Northrim, First National Bank Alaska has a community approach to lending that is focused on making good, high quality loans and keeping capital well above regulatory requirements. is ensures the bank has plenty of money to lend, regardless of how the local econo-my is doing, Tomuro says. “We take a lot of pride in always having enough money to lend and thank our customers for hav-ing the trust in us to be there when they need us most,” he says.

First National is also proud of mak-ing Forbes magazine’s list of America’s Most Trustworthy Companies for the past two consecutive years.

Lending Trends ere are a number of trends taking place in Alaska’s commercial lending industry. For instance, Mazzeo has no-ticed a considerable increase in merger and acquisition fi nancing in the past few years. What’s driving the upturn? It could be related to baby boomers. “In general, baby boomers are retiring, so successful mom-and-pop businesses are looking for retirement strategies,” Mazzeo says. “If they’re not turning their business over to their children, they’re generally selling their business. e mid-size businesses in America are looking to acquire successful business-es that can generate sustainable cash fl ows.”

At First National Bank Alaska, some of the most common requests are for working capital and real estate fi nanc-ing to support business growth, accord-ing to Tomuro. He’s also seeing more fi nancing activity in oil fi eld services, health care industries, community de-velopment, and multi-family housing. e increase in multi-family housing fi nancing is understandable, given the tight rental market.

National Cooperative Bank (NCB)—a unique lending source for member-owned entities—has seen a growth

Vice President, Commercial Loan Unit Manager and In House Counsel

Michael Martin of Northrim Bank

Vice President, Commercial Loan

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Stacy Tomuro, a vice president with First National Bank Alaska’s

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in fi nancing for the retail industry, according to Anchorage-based Earl Carson, a vice president of NCB’s Com-mercial Banking Group. NCB off ers commercial loans and lines of credit, real estate loans, and SBA loans for co-operatives and member-owned entities. e bank, which primarily does lines of credit, serves purchasing coopera-tives, housing co-ops, Alaska and Na-tive American enterprises, community health centers, and charter schools. NCB has provided fi nancing for proj-ects ranging from Class A offi ce and re-tail space to Chester Park Cooperative senior housing in Anchorage.

Key Qualifying FactorsTypical qualifying standards for com-mercial lending revolve around the Five C’s of credit: character, capacity, capi-tal, condition, and collateral. “ e guy should have some type of track record,” Carson says.

However, that doesn’t mean potential borrowers with relatively short track records can’t secure fi nancing if their credit history, assets, and other docu-mentation justify it. Of course, fi nancial

reports done by accountants hold more weight, especially if they’re audited.

Carson says some people try to “phony up” documentation, which he ultimately detects. “I’m in the business of ferreting out who’s stretching the truth,” says Carson, who has worked in the industry for more than forty years.

Tomuro of First National focuses on two overall qualifying factors: compa-ny management and fi nancial position. First and foremost, he strives to get to know the company by understand-ing what the business objectives are of its owners and management. Hav-ing good, quality management with a track record of good performance is very important to Tomuro because he sees banking as a partnership. “If I can’t reasonably meet the company’s current and future objectives, then I am not doing them a service just by lending to them on a transactional ba-sis,” he says.

In terms of fi nancial position, To-muro evaluates whether the company is suffi ciently capitalized to be in a posi-tion to meet its objectives. Does it have enough working capital to support sta-

ble operations or enough cash to make a down payment when fi nancing equip-ment or real estate? A company needs to try and keep its total debt to equity within reason, which will depend on the ownership structure, industry, and other factors. Tomuro adds, “A good lender will be able to identify this very quickly, so think carefully about how you fi nance company assets.”

It boils down to management and relationships, Tomuro says. He adds, “In the long run, it’s about relationship banking.”

Mazzeo expresses similar thoughts. He says it’s essential for companies to have a good relationship with a fi nan-cial institution that can satisfy all of their needs. More specifi cally, they need a relationship with a commercial banker that understands their busi-ness and their goals. “ ey should es-tablish that relationship ahead of time, so they’re not starting at ground zero when they need credit,” he says.

Former Alaskan Tracy Barbour writes from Tennessee.

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Grady Fischer in the driller chair inside Parker Drilling Co.’s Rig No. 273 on the North Slope.

© BP

OIL & GAS

Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units Parker Drilling’s Arctic Alaska Drilling Units Rigs No. 272 and No. 273 help BP move forward

By Julie Stricker

It was a typical winter day in Febru-ary 2013 on Alaska’s North Slope when Parker Drilling’s Rig No. 272

started its inaugural journey from the Crazy Horse Pad in Deadhorse to its fi rst drilling site.

It was minus forty degrees Fahren-heit—not counting wind chill, which was a numbing minus sixty. Visibility was limited. e rig was moved over

the fragile tundra via an ice road, which blended in so well with the all-white landscape that a crew of spotters was needed to walk alongside the rig to help the driver stay on route. e spot-ters were rotated out aª er ten minutes to limit their exposure to the frigid con-ditions.

It takes a special brand of people, and specialized training, to work in

such extreme conditions, but as anyone knows who has tried to start a car leª in a Fairbanks parking lot too long in mid-winter, the design of the equipment used in arctic conditions is equally im-portant. at’s why BP Alaska turned to Parker Drilling Co. for two state-of-the-art drilling rigs, No. 272 and its sibling, No. 273. e initial cost of the two rigs was estimated at $385 million.


© BP

Extreme Experience e choice of Texas-based Parker Drill-ing to design and build the rigs was based on the company’s decades of ex-perience in extreme environments.

“Parker has decades of experience in operating successfully in extreme cli-mates and under the most challenging Arctic conditions, including helping our customers successfully achieve world records in extended reach drilling op-erations,” Parker Drilling spokeswoman Stephanie Dixon says. “Our unique ex-pertise positions us well to create com-prehensive, eff ective solutions from both an equipment and operations standpoint. We draw upon this experience constantly as we design our rigs and work to contin-ually improve our processes.”

e rigs were delivered to Alaska in 2011 and aª er some modifi cations went into production late in December 2012 and February 2013. Rigs No. 272 and No. 273 are called Arctic Alaska Drill-ing Units and were designed and engi-neered specifi cally for the harsh climate and sensitive environment of Alaska’s North Slope oil fi elds.

Parker Drilling was founded in 1934 by G. C. Parker, who pioneered the use of diesel electric-powered drilling rigs. A decade later, its rigs were being used in Canada and Venezuela. It went pub-lic in 1969.

Over its eighty-year history, Parker Drilling has worked around the globe, from the Peruvian jungle to Oklahoma, the former Soviet Union, China, and Turkmenistan, constantly working to refi ne and enhance the technology of its rigs. Parker Drilling also provides rental tools and project management services to the energy industry. Its rig fl eet includes twenty-three land rigs and two off shore barge rigs, deployed around the world.

“We have a legacy of successfully ramping up operations in some of the most remote areas of the globe, and we use this expertise to help our custom-ers reduce operational risks and costs,” Dixon says.

Arctic Innovations e company has brought many inno-vations to Arctic drilling, such as new rig designs, drilling technology, and new systems to move the rigs to new sites. It also has set numerous records for deep and extended-reach drilling and maintains a strong focus on safety.

Parker Drilling has a long history in Alaska’s oil fi elds. Parker introduced a winterized rig on wheels for a Prudhoe Bay operation in 1978 and in the early 1990s built the massive, environmen-tally sensitive Rig 245 specifi cally de-signed for Alaska’s North Slope.

“ e two Parker rigs modernized our fl eet with new features that target increases in crew safety and effi ciency in our drilling operations,” says BP Alaska spokeswoman Dawn Patience. “Adding the Parker Drilling rigs to our fl eet advanced our eff orts for light oil development at Prudhoe Bay and Milne Point. e new rigs are more high tech and the driller can control the activity

with a joystick and multiple computer monitors.”

According to Parker Drilling, both rigs have a rated drilling depth of eigh-teen tousand feet, 1,800 horsepower draw-works (the rig’s primary hoisting machine), and two mud pumps rated 1,600 horsepower apiece.

Safety for workers and the delicate Arctic environment is a key part of the rig’s design, Dixon says.

“First and foremost is ensuring the safety and well-being of our team mem-bers, customers, and partners working in such harsh conditions,” Dixon says. “Ensuring the well-being of this impor-tant and sensitive ecological environ-ment is also critical.”

e rigs are engineered for safety in the North Slope’s harsh environment, with zero-discharge capabilities and a modular design that allows workers to transport the rig in three fully enclosed mobile units.

AADU Expertise“As Rig 272 goes to work, we continue to build upon Parker’s history of achieve-ment in supporting Arctic exploration and development,” said Gary Rich, president and CEO of Parker Drilling in a media release. “From delivering drilling solutions in the world’s most extreme environments to improving ef-fi ciencies in more conventional settings, we are focused on bringing proven prac-tices and innovative approaches that transform our clients’ ability to reach their objectives safely and reliably.

“With both AADU rigs now operat-ing, we expect to demonstrate a new level of safety and performance in this important region,” Rich said. “We look forward to working with BP and other operators to responsibly access the en-ergy resources of the North Slope and are committed to leveraging the exper-tise we’ve gained through the AADU rig project to benefi t our clients around the globe.”

Parker Drilling’s eight decades in the global drilling market has given it in-sight into industry needs, Dixon says.

“We are focused on helping our cus-tomers consistently reduce their op-erational risks and costs by providing innovative, effi cient, and reliable solu-tions that help them realize their busi-ness objectives,” Dixon says. “ is is at


the core of our mission in all aspects of our work, whether we are operat-ing and maintaining a rig, providing consultation to customers on poten-tial new-builds, mobilizing equip-ment, providing rental equipment, or helping our customers achieve world records in extended reaching drilling operations.”

Augmenting BP’s Increased Investment

In Alaska, the rigs augment BP’s impor-tance to the state economy. BP is one of the largest oil producers in Alaska and BP-operated oilfi elds account for two-thirds of total Alaska production, which fuels 90 percent of the state budget.

In 2012, BP had a $1.8 billion oper-ating budget in Alaska and employed 2,300 people, 81 percent of whom were Alaska residents. It paid $2.8 billion in taxes and royalties on a gross produc-tion rate of 477,000 barrels of oil equiv-alent, a net production rate of 142,000 barrels of oil equivalent.

e new rigs bring BP’s total onshore rigs to seven, and the company plans to add two more by 2016. e rigs are ex-

pected to add two hundred jobs on the North Slope and increase investment in Alaska over the next fi ve years.

While the rigs will boost BP’s out-put on the North Slope, planning for the rigs started in 2006, before Alaska increased taxes on oil production, says Patience. In 2006, before the tax in-crease dubbed “Alaska’s Clear and Eq-uitable Share” (ACES), BP had eleven active rigs. With the addition of the Parker rigs, BP has seven rigs on the North Slope. In 2013, Alaska passed an oil tax reform bill aimed at spurring increased production. In reply, BP an-nounced it would add two more rigs, one by 2015, a second in 2016.

“ e tax change put Alaska back in the game,” Patience says.

In 2013, BP planned to complete rig workover or rate enhancing well work on one hundred-plus more wells than last year, Patience says. In 2014, BP plans another increase in rig workovers and rate-enhancing well work.

“Ultimately we want to produce more oil,” Patience says. “With an improved tax structure in place, oil and gas proj-ects can once again move forward,

making Alaska competitive in the midst of America’s energy renaissance.

“Janet Weiss, BP Alaska president, recently announced that under the new tax reform law, BP plans to rein-vest nearly ninety cents of every dollar we make here over the next fi ve years in Alaska. is reinvestment rate rep-resents an increase of 60 percent from previous years under ACES.”

As for Parker Drilling, the successful deployment of Rigs 272 and 273 is an incentive to continue the work of the past eight decades.

“We will continue to focus on safely delivering innovative solutions that re-liable and effi ciently reduce risks and costs for our customers,” Dixon says. “We are proud of our achievements in the Alaskan market and value the re-lationships and partnerships we have in the region. We stand ready to help our customers achieve their business goals safely and in an environmentally sound manner.”

Julie Stricker is a journalist living near Fairbanks.

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Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014

United States Continental Shelf Boundary (CSB) Areas around Alaska. Bathy/Topo data from National Geophysical Data Center ET0P02 Global 2 Minute Elevations, September 2001.

Returning to the Chukchi Sea

By Mike Bradner

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Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014Shell’s Plan for 2014OIL & GAS

Shell has hopes to return to the Arctic the summer of 2014 to fi n-ish two wells the company started

in 2012. Shell was able to begin drilling on two exploration prospects that sum-mer, “Burger” in the Chukchi Sea and “Sivulliq” in the Beaufort Sea, and had hoped to return in 2013 to fi nish those and drill more wells.

Th at did not happen. Th e company’s plan was disrupted by the loss of the drillship Kulluk in a marine accident when the conical vessel went aground off Kodiak December 31, 2012, aft er be-ing caught in a storm.

Th e Kulluk, which is owned by Shell, was damaged to the extent that it could return to the Arctic in 2013 or in 2014, the company said. Marine industry sources say the drillship is a total loss, in fact.

Without the presence of a second drill vessel to lend support in an emer-gency to the company’s other drillship, the Noble Discoverer, Shell was unable to deploy for a 2013 Arctic drill season.

PendingNewRulesTh e company is now aiming at scaled-back program in 2014, focusing only on the Chukchi Sea. Shell has fi led an

amended Plan of Exploration with the US Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, or BOEM, for its proposed 2014 program.

Th e latest plan is for the Noble Dis-cover, which had had extensive modifi -cations, to return and be accompanied by a diff erent drilling vessel for stand-by, the Polar Pioneer, a “harsh weath-er” semi-submersible off shore drill rig owned by Transocean Ltd.

In December BOEM asked for clari-fi cations of certain parts of Shell’s ex-ploration plan. Once the plan is deemed “complete,” and the items questioned are clarifi ed to the agency’s satisfaction,

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it is then released for public comment. Th ere are other uncertainties for

Shell, however. One is a pending set of new federal rules for Arctic off shore drilling set to be released early in the new year by the Bureau of Off shore Safe-ty, BOEM’s sister agency in the Interior Department. Shell will await those rules before making any decision to actually deploy its fl eet and drill in 2014.

Meanwhile, two other companies are preparing for drilling in the Chukchi Sea, ConocoPhillips and Statoil, are waiting to see what happens to Shell be-fore making any commitments on drill-ing. Offi cially, ConocoPhillips still says it plans to drill in 2014. Statoil, the Nor-wegian company, has a schedule that calls for drilling in 2015. However, both companies have said that those plans could change. Th e same uncertainties that face Shell, such as the pending new off shore rules, aff ect them as well.

Th e problems Shell encountered in 2012 are well documented. Although the company had successfully and safely drilled Chukchi Sea off shore wells in the early 1990s, the federal government’s regulatory regime has tightened since

then. Shell acquired its new leases be-ginning in 2005. Aft er the 2010 Gulf of Mexico off shore blowout on BP’s Macon-do well, the government’s off shore rules tightened even more, and now the spe-cial set of Arctic rules are still pending.

One problem in 2012 was Shell’s in-ability to get a special off shore spill con-tainment and storage system completed and certifi ed in time to reach the Arctic that summer. Without the containment system nearby the government would allow Shell to drill only “top holes,” or the upper parts of wells that did not penetrate formations that could hold hydrocarbons. Th at was followed, in December, by the loss of the Kulluk.

It is worth mentioning that the Kulluk accident resulted in no loss of life or inju-ries despite a rescue of the crew under dif-fi cult storm conditions. Also, Shell proved it could safely avoid dangerous ice in the Chukchi Sea when it pulled the Noble Dis-coverer drillship off the hole temporarily to allow a large ice formation to pass.

ImprovedandReadyIf Shell proceeds with its 2014 program, it will do so with beefed-up capabili-

ties with improvements to its vessels and equipment and enhanced contrac-tor management procedures to ensure performance, an area that was criticized in a US Interior Department review of Shell’s 2012 program. Th e company has also made organizational and planning improvements.

What is also important is that the Arctic Containment System, a spill re-sponse system that includes an under-sea well capping device and a special-ized support barge at the surface, is now certifi ed by the government and ready for deployment. Along with oth-er spill response assets to be on hand, Shell will have the capability to respond to a worst-case undersea blowout.

In its 2014 plan introduction, Shell said, “Th e planned 2014 operations may encounter many challenges. Vast distances, harsh weather and sea con-ditions, and sparse shore-based infra-structure represent some of the consid-erable obstacles that must be planned for and accommodated.”

“Conversely, the open water season, long daylight periods, shallow water, dedicated oil spill response equipment,

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ice management vessels, and Shell’s Ice and Weather Advisory Center mitigate many of these challenges,” the compa-ny said in the plan.

The proposed operations plan is for the semi-submersible Polar Pioneer to be held in reserve in Dutch Harbor, ready to move into the Chukchi Sea if needed. The Arctic Containment System will be kept on standby in the vicinity of Kotzebue Sound, likewise ready to move if needed.

A number of the vessels in Shell’s fleet will also have towing capabilities to provide a broad range of options for emergency towing, the company said.

PlentyofSupportA total of twenty-nine vessels would be or-ganized to support the program, includ-ing the two drill vessels, approximately the same number as in 2012. All but sev-en are listed in the exploration plan, with those seven to be identified later.

Louisiana-based Edison Chouest, which assisted Shell in 2012, will pro-vide three support vessels including the large tug Alviq, the spill response vessel Nanuq, and a third supply ves-

sel yet to be identified. Trans Viking, a Swedish firm that worked in 2012, will again supply the Tor Viking, an ice-class anchor-handling vessel.

Arctia Offshore of Finland will pro-vide the Nordica and Finnica, two polar-class ice-management vessels; Crowley will provide four vessels, the Arctic Endeavor spill barge, the Endeav-or tug Point Oliktok, the tug Guards-man, and the barge Klamath, which is part of the spill response system; Foss Maritime will provide the tug Lauren Foss; and Harvey Gulf will provide the Sisuaq, a spill response vessel.

Vessels in the fleet will also possess a number of helicopter decks and per-sonnel-transfer related cranes to facili-tate safe transfer of personnel between ships and to and from shore, the plan said. All vessels will meet maritime technical assurance standards set by the American Bureau of Shipping and Det Norske Veritas.

The drillship Noble Discover, which encountered engine problems at the end of the 2012 season, has undergone a major upgrade program by its owner, Noble Corporation. The upgrades in-

cluded work on the hull as well as major ship systems.

A Shell project team will verify that the Discoverer’s upgrades will bring it into full regulatory compliance with federal rules, the exploration plan said.

Those will be verified by external au-dit teams both for the Discoverer and the Polar Pioneer semi-submersible.

Another vessel that will accompany the fleet north is an Arctic oil storage tanker, a tank vessel that will be on standby in an ice-free area to store oil that is recovered if the spill occurs. The vessel will have sufficient capacity to store oil and water recovered for twenty days of a worst possible case blowout.

A contingency plan is that a second tanker would arrive at day nineteen to continue storing recovered fluids if the blowout continues beyond twenty days.

Two oil spill control devices that will be on hand in 2014 are Shell’s “capping stack” and its Arctic Containment Sys-tem. The capping stack is a device that would be lowered if oil were spilling from a damaged subsea blow-out pre-venter. The device would allow fluids to be injected in to “kill” the blowout and


for the damaged well to be closed.If the leak continues, the device can

control the oil flow and funnel it to an Arctic Containment System, which can receive and store oil at a flow up to twenty-five thousand barrels per day, a rate that exceeds the “worst case” spill calculated for the Burger prospect.

If Shell’s plan is approved, vessels will begin mobilizing in February and those heading to the Chukchi Sea would de-part Unalaska in late June or early July depending on ice conditions and ap-provals of government agencies.

For air support, Shell would mobilize three S-92 twin-engine helicopters, two for transportation between vessels off-shore from the primary air support base in Barrow with the third helicopter held in reserve for search and rescue.

All three S-92s will be equipped with improved anti-icing systems and on-board radar.

“These capabilities are anticipated to significantly improve the on-time departure rate of helicopters in 2014,” Shell said in the exploration plan.

The air support operations from Barrow would involve about thirty-five shoreside staff, which can be accommodated in lo-cal hotels. A camp will also be operated in Barrow with a capacity for two hundred.

The airport at Wainwright, southwest of Barrow on the Chukchi Sea coast, would be a secondary air support base to be used by the helicopters in the event of emergency and by fixed-wing aircraft moving materials, the plan said.

ChukchiSeaPotentialShell’s decision to focus on the Chukchi Sea and put its leases in the Beaufort Sea on the back burner, for now, has impor-tant implications for Alaska. The deci-sion favoring the Chukchi was made be-cause the potential of the region is very high, a justification for giving it priority.

The Beaufort Sea is considered by gov-ernment geologists to have moderate to good prospects for major discoveries, while in the Chukchi Sea the prospects for large finds are considered much better. Shell obviously wants to test its best and biggest prospects as quickly as possible.

However, an important goal for Alas-ka is getting offshore oil ashore quickly and into the Trans Alaska Pipeline Sys-tem (TAPS), which is seeing steady de-clines in the oil moving through it.


Mike Bradner is publisher of the Alaska Legislative Digest

It will take years—possibly fi ft een or more—before any commercial-scale oil discoveries in the Chukchi Sea can be produced and fl owing to market, at least through TAPS (the companies do have the option of at-sea loading to ice-breaking tankers).

In contrast, oil from any commercial discoveries in the Beaufort Sea could be brought ashore and shipped to TAPS much sooner. Th e immediate Beaufort Sea prospects are near Camden Bay and roughly sixteen to twenty-two miles north of Point Th omson, which is east of Prudhoe Bay.

A shorter pipeline to shore will be needed than the seventy-mile pipeline to shore needed in the Chukchi Sea. Once ashore, Beaufort Sea oil can be shipped through existing pipelines to Prudhoe Bay and the TAPS Pump Station One.

By 2016 the existing Badami pipeline, which extends now twenty-fi ve miles east of Prudhoe Bay, will be connected to the planned Point Th omson pipeline that will be in construction in early 2014.

In the case of the Chukchi Sea, two hundred miles of new pipeline will also be needed across the National Petro-leum Reserve-Alaska. Securing permits and building that infrastructure will require huge investments and years of work. In the long term, however, sub-stantial volumes of oil could fl ow from the Chukchi Sea.

Getting new oil into TAPS is impor-tant for Alaska because production from the existing North Slope fi elds is declin-ing and the oil throughput through TAPS is expected to be below fi ve hun-dred thousand barrels per day next year. Th at is one fourth of its original design capacity and a rate at which the pipeline can experience operating problems.

Th ere is potential for new oil to be developed within the existing North Slope oil fi elds and potential for new onshore discoveries as well, but the in-crements are likely to be in small addi-tions, enough to slow or even stop the decline in TAPS’ throughput but not to substantially increase it.

At this point, it appears that only the off shore oil, where Shell is drilling, would be able to do that.

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Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and 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DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope 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DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope 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DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope 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DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentNorth Slope Exploration and DevelopmentRamped up activity with passage of SB21

By Dimitra Lavrakas

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Gas


The State of Alaska Department of Revenue reported in its Revenue Resources Book on December 5,

2013, that it forecasted a $2 billion drop in all oil and gas revenues for fi scal year 2014, which ends June 30, 2014. On the surface, that’s troubling because that revenue is what supports a big chunk of Alaska’s unrestricted general fund revenues. However, there are some who

are right now positively bullish on the North Slope’s oil and gas industry.

Dave Lachance, vice president, res-ervoir development, for BP Explora-tion (Alaska), Inc., on November 20, the fi rst day of the Alaska the Resource Development Council’s annual Alaska Resources Conference, said, “One num-ber I want you to remember: 80 billion. Eighty billion barrels of discovered

hydrocarbons on the North Slope sits in two oil fi elds, Prudhoe Bay and Ku-paruk. Th e thing to realize is you have two main fi elds, and a massive number. Elsewhere in the world, it’s a giant if it’s half a billion. If you added all of the [other] fi elds I’ve ever worked on in my thirty-fi ve years, they wouldn’t add up to 80 billion barrels.”

With that optimistic perspective, here’s a look at what oil companies have planned for the coming drilling season of 2014.

KuparukStillBringsThemUpIn November, ConocoPhillips Alaska an-nounced it would add another drill rig to Kuparuk River fi eld on the North Slope.

“Th is is the second rig that will be added to Kuparuk’s rig fl eet since last spring when SB21, the More Alaska Production Act, was passed by the Leg-islature,” the company announced in a press release. “Nabors 9ES will begin drilling at Kuparuk in January. It joins Nabors 7ES, which has added produc-tion of 1,600 barrels of oil per day since it began working in late May.”

Combined, the two rigs will employ about two hundred people directly and support hundreds of indirect jobs, says the company.

Upon the passage of SB21 by the Alaska State Legislature last year, the company also announced plans to pursue two new projects on the North Slope. Th e two projects: Greater Mooses Tooth No. 1 in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska and Drill Site 2S in the Kuparuk River Unit.

“Th ese are the projects we want to move forward,” says Natalie Lowman, director of ConocoPhillips media rela-tions in Alaska.

Lowman says the company has to ap-prove the funds for the projects to begin.

ConocoPhillips Alaska President Trond-Erik Johansen said the newest rig would start producing in January, but it’s not as easy to extract oil from the massive fi eld as it used to be. Th e easy-to-get light crude reserves are now fur-ther away, leaving viscous and heavy oil.

“Th e way we drill today, we could go further out on the fl anks. We drill more convoluted well bores. We need more high-tech technology to go out there and do it,” Johansen told the Resource Devel-opment Council (RDC) at its November conference. “And, yes, it is more diffi cult.


So, it costs a lot of money, but under the current tax system we have now, aft er SB21 was passed, we can make this to go around and actually make economic sense. So, that’s why I’m doing it.”

SB21, meant to spur continuing invest-ment in Alaska’s oil and gas industry, passed last session, and took eff ect Janu-ary 1, setting a base tax rate of 35 percent and providing a capped, per-barrel credit.

In October, Janet Weiss, BP Alaska pres-ident, said at an Alaska Support Industry Alliance meeting in Fairbanks that the tax bill will make new developments and proj-

ects on the North Slope economic, with possibly thirty to forty new wells drilled in the next fi ve years, bringing several hun-dred new jobs to the state.

BP’s Lachance echoed Johansen’s sen-timents. “In 2012, in Prudhoe Bay, we operated fi ve drilling rigs, and by the end of 2016, we’ll be operating nine,” Lachance said at the RDC conference. “We intended to ramp up, but didn’t have the compliance with the partners in Prudhoe until passage of SB21.”

“Th ere’s a lot left to go on, not in light form, but others,” Lachance said. “Vis-

cous oil is like dealing with syrup, it’s harder to get out of the ground. Heavy oil is like yogurt, and doesn’t want to fl ow; it needs help.”

He said oil companies haven’t cracked how to develop heavy oil yet.

“It comes with sand and the sand has to be taken out. It’s not that economic yet,” he said. “Th ank goodness we don’t have the benchmark oil like in Canada, it doesn’t want to move at all.”

DevelopingNaturalGasOne project in particular, the large-diameter, natural gas pipeline that state has been wanting for such a long time, is actively being pursued by a consor-tium of companies.

Governor Sean Parnell welcomed the news when TransCanada, BP, Cono-coPhillips, and ExxonMobil announced in October that Nikiski was picked as the terminus of an all-Alaska natural gas pipeline. Th e companies are pursu-ing acquisition of property in the Niki-ski area to site the liquefaction facilities associated with the Alaska LNG proj-ect, according to a press release.

“Th is is real progress toward our ad-ministration’s goal of getting a natural gas pipeline to provide lower cost en-ergy for Alaskans,” Parnell said. “Th is project is taking shape and the com-panies’ commitment will help bring Alaska’s gas to Alaskans and markets beyond. Th is presents a new opportu-nity for synergy and alignment among the producers and the project being pursued by the Alaska Gasline Devel-opment Corporation.”

Th e project would cost between $45 billion and $65 billion, including the North Slope gas treatment plant, the eight hundred-mile pipeline, and the Ni-kiski liquefaction plant with LNG stor-age and a two-berth tanker terminal.

It’s envisioned the plant would make 15 million to 18 million metric tons of LNG annually, or 2 billion to 2.4 billion cubic feet a day of gas.

Also being considered is the idea that the State of Alaska stake a claim on North Slope gas and become a player in the fi eld.


Our Commitment to Alaska:

More Investment. More Jobs.

Thanks to a more competitive economic climate, we are adding two more rigs to our drilling fleet and will drill dozens of new oil wells on the North Slope. That means more investment. More production. And more jobs for Alaskans. It’s an exciting time for BP and Alaska.

Find out more about BP Alaska at alaska.bp.com

Irwin Chou

Production Engineer

BP Alaska


Arctic Logistics for the Arctic Logistics for the Arctic Logistics for the Arctic Logistics for the Arctic Logistics for the Arctic Logistics for the Oil and Gas IndustryOil and Gas IndustryOil and Gas Industry

Transportation is challenging and complicated

By Eliza Evans

In much of Alaska’s Arctic, the sun does not appear in the sky from late November until mid-January.

As sunrise blends straight into sunset, a vague, dusky light seeps over the ho-rizon for only a few hours a day. Th e moon orbits the sky in the winter, much as the sun orbits the sky in the summer.

Near the ocean, the Arctic’s maritime climate includes wet, stormy winters, with annual snow and rainfall as high as forty-nine inches. Th e Arctic interior includes severe weather and frigid tem-peratures. North of the Brooks Range,

February temperatures average minus four degree fahrenheit with extreme lows frequently dropping below minus forty. South of the Brooks Range tem-peratures average minus fi ft een to mi-nus twenty degrees, with lows periodi-cally reaching minus sixty.

BarrierstoTransportationTo say Alaska’s Arctic presents a chal-lenging environment to transportation in the oil and gas industry is an un-derstatement. Limited navigation in-frastructure, temperature and climatic

extremes, permafrost, shallow draft constraints, a lack of suffi cient docks, dynamic ice conditions, and environ-mental sensitivities require meticulous planning, ingenuity, high operating standards, and an array of equipment and technology. It is potentially danger-ous work, especially given the extremely remote location. Th e Alaska Deep-Draft Arctic Port Study, conducted by the US Army Corps of Engineers and the Alaska State Department of Transpor-tation and Public Facilities, states the US Coast Guard response time from the

OIL & GAS

Captain Mike Dawson on the landing craft Greta, in Barrow.



nearest station to the northern reaches of Alaska is seven days by cutter.

Prudhoe Bay is home to the only dock in Alaska’s Arctic capable of serving the needs of the oil and gas industry. Winter temperatures reach as low as minus fi f-ty-six degrees and an average of twenty inches of snow falls per year. Prudhoe Bay’s population of just over two thou-sand residents is employees of oil drill-ing or production and support compa-nies. An eight hundred-mile pipeline transports crude oil from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez, where it is shipped via ma-rine tankers to terminals throughout the United States.

Th e primary means of public trans-portation to Alaska’s Arctic is by air; Deadhorse is approximately 626 air miles from Anchorage and has a state-owned gravel and asphalt airstrip which can be reached via commercial airlines. Th ere is also a private gravel airstrip owned and maintained by ConocoPhil-lips Alaska, Inc. Deadhorse is at the northernmost reaches of the US road system. Th e Dalton Highway, locally referred to as the “Haul Road,” begins just north of Fairbanks and consists of

414 miles of mostly gravel road. As it is the only public road that crosses this expanse, the volume of trucks hauling cargo can be higher than one might imagine for such a remote, gravel road.

Weather creates many of the most intense challenges to transportation in Alaska’s Arctic. Th e Arctic also has a wide range of intense weather patterns, such as cyclones and anticyclones, Arc-tic oscillation, polar lows, and semi-permanent highs and lows. Some of these weather patterns—like cyclones and anticyclones—occur in other re-gions of the world as well. Others—like the Arctic oscillation—are unique to the Arctic. Arctic sea ice creates barri-ers to travel by sea. According to data from the National Snow and Ice Center, Arctic sea ice expanded 865,000 million square miles in November 2013 alone.

Barriers by air and land include whiteouts, which occur when the sky and snow are a uniform whiteness, making it diffi cult to impossible to see shadows or the horizon. Whiteouts eliminate the contrast between objects both near and far; depth-of-fi eld and orientation is lost as visual references

vanish, potentially causing the eye to lose all sense of perspective.

Permanently frozen ground, or per-mafrost, is another consideration when conducting transportation in the Arc-tic. While the top few inches of soil may thaw in the summer, the soil below never thaws. Th is makes digging of any kind a challenge. It also creates a frag-ile environment for plants; the growing season is short and substantial time is needed for plants to recover from dis-turbances caused by human activity.

IncreasingMarineTrafficinAlaska’sArctic

According to Arctic Response Tech-nology’s website, “Today, onshore and

An ice berg fl oats near a tug and barge.

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off shore Arctic production accounts for 15 percent of world energy sup-ply. By 2050, global energy demand is likely to double and it is forecast that between 60-70 percent of that demand will be met by fossil fuels also reports an increase in off shore oil exploration in the Arctic.”

Th e Marine Exchange of Alaska re-ports that approximately fi ve hundred vessels transit the Bering Strait annu-ally. A March 2013 update to the Alaska Deep-Draft Arctic Port Study states that more than three thousand vessels use the Great Circle route through Uni-mak Pass annually. Th is study reports Alaska’s Arctic is seeing an increase in marine vessel traffi c and oil and gas ex-ploration activity.

Given the challenges inherent in con-ducting transportation to and within Alaska’s Arctic, the logistics are compli-cated, to say the least. Jeanine St. John, Vice President of Lynden, says, “Unlike the Lower 48, Alaska has a remote-ness that is really diffi cult for folks to comprehend who have never been here. Th e challenging weather, distances, geography, and diversity of Alaska are what makes Alaskans innovative… Th e key is to fi nd options and plans that are safe, effi cient, and contribute to the suc-cess of the customer. Being a resource rich state means we need to fi nd ways to access resources, develop them, and get them to market. Transportation is al-ways a key component that needs care-ful planning and consideration.”

Anchorage-based Lynden has oper-ated in Alaska since 1954 and is a fam-ily of transportation companies. Th e combined capabilities include truck-load and less-than-truckload transpor-tation, scheduled and charter barges, rail barges, intermodal bulk chemi-cal hauls, scheduled and chartered air freighters, domestic and international air forwarding, international ocean forwarding, customs brokerage, trade show shipping, remote site construc-tion, sanitary bulk commodities haul-ing, and multi-modal logistics.

Advanced planning, according to St. John, is key to successful transportation operations in the Arctic. “Oversized loads, for example, require coordina-tion and permitting,” she says. “Plan-ning equipment, escorts, [and] con-straints all contribute to good project

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A Lynden Air Cargo Hercules landing in the Arctic.

Photo courtesy of Lynden Inc.


Lynden uses multiple modes of transportation to transport oil and gas industry components in the Arctic.

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management and the more advanced planning with the most accurate infor-mation results in lower costs. Preplan-ning can also help prevent schedule creep. Many times, the transportation is the fi nal link in the chain, and chang-ing modes at the last minute to a faster route may be more expensive. Evaluat-ing transportation option costs early, against schedule delay costs, may assist project teams as well.”

Today, there are multiple technologi-cal innovations that assist in the trans-portation process. Satellite phone and email also improve communication. Internet mapping and vessel locator and tracking systems help companies keep track of vehicles and vessels by providing real-time data and images of where vessels and vehicles are at any time.

“Lynden utilizes global positioning satellites and electronic data inter-change to accurately track the posi-tion of cargo and communicate critical information to operations and clients throughout the transportation pro-cess,” St. John says.

MultipleModesofTransportation

Multiple modes of transportation are necessary when conducting operations in Alaska’s Arctic. “When projects are not on the road system, you have to consider fi xed and rotary aircraft , hovercraft , tugs and barges, tundra ve-hicles, landing craft —just about every mode available and possible depending on the location and constraints,” St. John says. “For off shore work, the shal-low coasts, ice conditions, and distanc-es are part of the equation for coming up with solutions.”

Bowhead Transport Company, a sub-sidiary of Ukpeaġvik Iñupiat Corpora-tion, the Alaska Native Village Corpo-ration of Barrow, has operated vessels in the Arctic since 1982. As Bowhead frequently does not have the luxury of being able to dock its vessels, it must bring heavy equipment to the Alaska Arctic—such as loaders, dozers, land-ing craft and one hundred-ton cranes—for all cargo handling operations. In places where the water is too shallow for craft s capable of carrying heavy ma-chinery to reach the beach, additional equipment, such as breasting barges,

are used as make-shift docks or as an extension of lighterage vessel ramps. Rig mats—portable platforms capable of supporting drilling rigs and heavy machinery—are used for beach op-erations. Roll-On/Roll Off and Lift -On/Lift -Off operations are oft en essential to move Arctic marine cargo. Roll-On/Roll Off operations allow wheeled car-go, such as trucks and trailers, to drive on and off vessels. Lift -On/Lift -Off op-erations use cranes or loaders/forklift s to load and unload cargo.

Bowhead’s General Manager Jim

Dwight says, “We receive cargo in Seat-tle by truck, rail, and from other vessels. Deliveries in the Arctic are made vessel to vessel, vessel to beach, vessel to dock. Some village deliveries require ocean barges delivering to landing craft , deliv-ering to very shallow draft cargo lighter-age vessels. Other than in Prudhoe Bay, and those are marginal, there are no docks, no marine infrastructure—just remote beaches.”

Eliza Evans is an Alaskan author.

American Marine InternationalBusinessPROFILE


American Marine International Tom Ulrich, Vice President6000 A StreetAnchorage, Alaska 99518Phone: 907-562-5420Fax: 907-562-5426amarinecorp.com

Prudhoe Bay Dive Operations

Cook Inlet Osprey Platform Dive

Operations

American Marine Corporation, dba American Marine Inter-national (AMI), was estab-

lished in Hawaii in 1973 as a commer-cial diving company named American Divers. It has since grown into an in-ternational operation with more than 250 employees and three primary operating divisions, which include Alaska, Hawaii, and California.

Today, AMI is a full-service ma-rine contractor that performs not only commercial diving, but also marine heavy construction and ocean-going towing operations. In addition, the company provides marine logistical support for the offshore and deepwa-ter oil and gas industry, including sup-porting offshore exploration and pro-duction operations, offshore facility maintenance, subsea pipeline and ca-ble installation and repair, and marine vessel emergency repair and salvage.

REMOTE AND EXTREMEAlthough operating internationally, the majority of AMI’s work is con-ducted in remote areas and under extreme Arctic conditions in Alaska, the Beaufort Sea, and the Chukchi Sea. AMI has a successful track record of deploying and supporting highly competent teams of commercial div-ers, who are capable of working in the unique and challenging conditions of

the Arctic, including thirty-plus-foot tidal fluctuations, strong currents, and extreme cold and zero-visibility water conditions known as blackwater.

Weather and ice conditions can and do change dramatically, with little warning, requiring effective op-erational risk management (ORM). Despite operating in such extreme conditions, AMI has achieved a six-year perfect safety record, which includes a zero Total Recordable In-cident Rate (TRIR) for 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. In addi-tion, AMI has logged more than one million man-hours without a diving-related injury or emergency condi-tion—an unprecedented achievement in the commercial diving industry.

ESTABLISHED EXCELLENCEAMI established and maintains a track record of operational and safety performance excellence in all aspects of its marine operations. The com-pany’s Diving Safety Management System (DSMS) meets the regulatory standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), BSEE Safety and Environ-mental Management Systems (SEMS), and U.S. Coast Guard. The AMI DSMS also meets the best practice standards established by the U.S.-based Association of Dive Contrac-

tors International (ADCI), as well as the much more stringent European standards set by the International Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) and the In-ternational Marine Contractors’ As-sociation (IMCA).

AMI’s success is based on consis-tent demonstration of excellence in operations, as well as exceeding cli-ent expectations in safety, operational performance, and environmental stewardship. The company’s record of operational performance excellence—achieved with no harm to people or the environment—makes AMI the diving contractor of choice for oil and gas companies that require a higher risk management and performance in their ongoing commercial diving and marine support services. AMI looks forward to continuing its service to companies in Alaska and internation-ally, with operational and safety per-formance, excellence, and pride.

Operational and safety performance excellenceOperational and safety performance excellenceOperational and safety performance excellenceOperational and safety performance excellenceOperational and safety performance excellenceOperational and safety performance excellence in the world’s most extreme conditions in the world’s most extreme conditions in the world’s most extreme conditions

Alaska OCS Icebreaker Nordica Dive Support

American Marine InternationalBusinessPROFILE


Prudhoe Bay Dive Operations

Cook Inlet Osprey Platform Dive

Operations

American Marine Corporation, dba American Marine Inter-national (AMI), was estab-

lished in Hawaii in 1973 as a commer-cial diving company named American Divers. It has since grown into an in-ternational operation with more than 250 employees and three primary operating divisions, which include Alaska, Hawaii, and California.

Today, AMI is a full-service ma-rine contractor that performs not only commercial diving, but also marine heavy construction and ocean-going towing operations. In addition, the company provides marine logistical support for the offshore and deepwa-ter oil and gas industry, including sup-porting offshore exploration and pro-duction operations, offshore facility maintenance, subsea pipeline and ca-ble installation and repair, and marine vessel emergency repair and salvage.

REMOTE AND EXTREMEAlthough operating internationally, the majority of AMI’s work is con-ducted in remote areas and under extreme Arctic conditions in Alaska, the Beaufort Sea, and the Chukchi Sea. AMI has a successful track record of deploying and supporting highly competent teams of commercial div-ers, who are capable of working in the unique and challenging conditions of

the Arctic, including thirty-plus-foot tidal fluctuations, strong currents, and extreme cold and zero-visibility water conditions known as blackwater.

Weather and ice conditions can and do change dramatically, with little warning, requiring effective op-erational risk management (ORM). Despite operating in such extreme conditions, AMI has achieved a six-year perfect safety record, which includes a zero Total Recordable In-cident Rate (TRIR) for 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. In addi-tion, AMI has logged more than one million man-hours without a diving-related injury or emergency condi-tion—an unprecedented achievement in the commercial diving industry.

ESTABLISHED EXCELLENCEAMI established and maintains a track record of operational and safety performance excellence in all aspects of its marine operations. The com-pany’s Diving Safety Management System (DSMS) meets the regulatory standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), BSEE Safety and Environ-mental Management Systems (SEMS), and U.S. Coast Guard. The AMI DSMS also meets the best practice standards established by the U.S.-based Association of Dive Contrac-

tors International (ADCI), as well as the much more stringent European standards set by the International Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) and the In-ternational Marine Contractors’ As-sociation (IMCA).

AMI’s success is based on consis-tent demonstration of excellence in operations, as well as exceeding cli-ent expectations in safety, operational performance, and environmental stewardship. The company’s record of operational performance excellence—achieved with no harm to people or the environment—makes AMI the diving contractor of choice for oil and gas companies that require a higher risk management and performance in their ongoing commercial diving and marine support services. AMI looks forward to continuing its service to companies in Alaska and internation-ally, with operational and safety per-formance, excellence, and pride.

Alaska OCS Icebreaker Nordica Dive Support

Pacific Environmental CorporationBusinessPROFILE


Photos by Kevin Smith Photography

For Pacific Environmental Corpo-ration (PENCO), the term “Ex-cellence in Operations” is more

than a motto; it’s an absolute way of do-ing business. PENCO has built a repu-tation for providing skilled technicians who take safety seriously. “At PENCO, we put our best foot forward, and we pride ourselves on providing techni-cians who are highly qualified, respect-ful, and professional,” said Brent Porter, Alaska Area Manager. “Our clients get top performers who are team-oriented and who can succeed working in harsh conditions.”

OFFERING A VARIETY OF SERVICES

Established in 1985 as part of Ameri-can Marine Services Group, PENCO is an emergency response contractor that specializes in oil field response, preven-tative booming, subsurface oil recovery, hazardous materials response, and tank cleaning. PENCO is one of the Pacific’s first commercial operators dedicated to oil spill cleanup, and it has been a participant in almost every major spill clean-up in the Pacific since 1985. The company is also distinguished by the expertise of its technicians, who have Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) and environmental compliance experience. This gives clients the con-fidence of knowing the company’s ex-perts are fully equipped to assist them

with excellence in the field. Other solutions offered by PENCO

include marine vessel services and sup-port, hazardous waste disposal, bulk fuel filtering, waste oil disposal, and used oil processing and disposal. In ad-dition to supporting the environmental industry for emergency spill response, the company also has technicians who can perform industrial services, such as painting, expediting, and roustabout support.

From its Hawaii headquarters and Alaska regional office, PENCO main-tains ongoing operations with clients on the North Slope. The company—which has operated an office in Alaska since 1994—also offers a variety of in-spection and facility maintenance ser-vices tailored to meet the needs of the Alaska petroleum and energy industry. However, its client base extends beyond oil and gas related companies to include state and federal agencies, corporations in various industries, small businesses, and even homeowners. Today, PEN-CO stands as a cost-effective, one-stop source for environmental response, providing services that clients need to complete their projects.

EMPLOYEES AND CLIENTS KEY TO SUCCESS

The mission of PENCO is to be a lead-er in the spill response and environ-mental services field by providing safe,

trained, qualified, and compliant sup-port to its valued clients and industry. That mission is being accomplished, as evidenced by its growing base of cli-ents, customer satisfaction, and exten-sive services. The company performs and manages response activities from marine oil spills to tank cleaning. On a broader level, PENCO strives to em-ploy well-conceived, professional solu-tions to meet a diverse range of envi-ronmental needs.

PENCO’s success is closely tied to its employees and strong, long-lasting client relationships. Over the years, the company has engaged in strategic busi-ness relationships to remain competi-tive in the marketplace. “We have pur-posely avoided short-term and risky proposals so that we are able to focus on and develop long-term relation-ships with clients,” Porter said.

Photos by Kevin Smith PhotographyExcellence in OperationsExcellence in OperationsExcellence in Operations

Photos by Kevin Smith PhotographyExcellence in Operations



Photos by Kevin Smith PhotographyExcellence in OperationsExcellence in OperationsExcellence in Operations




Photos by Kevin Smith Photography

PACIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION (PENCO)Brent Porter, Alaska Area Manager6000 A Street I Anchorage, Alaska 99518Phone: 907-562-5420 I Fax: 907-562-5426

PRUDHOE BAY OFFICEPouch 340079 I Prudhoe Bay, AK 99734Phone: 907-659-9010 I Fax: 907-659-9012 penco.org


OIL & GAS

Enhancing research, management, and operations

By Judy Griffin

From applications for mobile de-vices to aviation-borne remote sensing and drilling techniques

that recover elusive compartmental-ized pockets of oil, innovations and advancements in oil and gas industry technology are enhancing research, management, and operations.

Leveraging achievements of yesterday while enabling decision makers to real-ize future visions, applications of new technology in the Alaska oil and gas industry off er opportunities for obtain-ing and managing data and realizing greater operating effi ciencies. Explora-tion, discovery, and processing activi-ties continue to advance to the step of technological advancements that ex-pand capabilities and provide new tools.

With extraction of easy oil in the rear-view mirror, companies today are rely-ing on the technological advancements

of the “digital oil fi eld” to leverage re-sources. In its 2008 report “Unleashing Productivity: Th e Digital Oil Field Ad-vantage,” management consulting fi rm Booz & Company explains, “Generally the digital oil fi eld encompasses both the tools and the processes surround-ing data and information management across the entire suite of upstream ac-tivities. More specifi cally, digital oil fi eld technologies allow companies to cap-ture more data, with greater frequency from all parts of the oil and gas value chain and analyze it in real or near-real time, thus optimizing reservoir, well, and facility performance.”

In Alaska, as elsewhere, the benefi ts of modern information technology, auto-mation, and communications are being harnessed to enhance operations. Wire-less communication, collection of data from deployed sensors, and the abilities

to remotely analyze real-time data during drilling operations coupled with drilling innovations are reducing environmental impacts and risks to personnel, as well as improving management capabilities.

CustomizedSoftwareApplicationsDeliverData

New soft ware applications for cell phones, tablets, and laptops have en-abled faster and easier retrieval of in-formation from remote locations. In-formed management in the oil and gas industry relies on up-to-date data on hydrology, habitat, and weather, as well as locations and conditions of roads, pads, pipelines, and facilities. “Deci-sion makers need to know real time production and infrastructure status,” says Howard Earl, Director of Sales and Marketing for Resource Data, Inc. (RDI). “In addition, fi eld crews need to

The coiled tubing drilling rig, Nabors CDR2, that enabled ConocoPhillips to drill eight lateral wells from an existing well bore in the Kuparuk Field.

Photo courtesy of ConocoPhillips Alaska

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be able to record information in dis-connected environments and transfer it reliably to centralized databases so that analysts and engineers can evaluate it.”

Founded in Anchorage in 1986, RDI provides so ware solutions for data management and mapping from three Alaska offi ces and four Lower 48 branch offi ces. e company builds custom tools for scientists, engineers, and analysts to record, import, view, map, measure, and analyze data.

RDI President Jim Rogers says that among other advantages, improvements in so ware have led to more accurate engineering analysis, cost estimating, logistics planning, and environmental review that lead to “greater effi ciency, better decisions, and an improved bot-tom line.” He adds, “Our clients count on our so ware solutions to improve their exploration, design, and develop-ment projects, as well as streamlining ongoing operations and maintenance.”

Earl says RDI projects for oil and gas industry clients have included providing automated drilling rig data and mapping high-consequence areas for North Slope pipelines. Many solutions rely on geo-graphic information system (GIS) map-ping technology. For example, RDI devel-oped a mobile mapping system combined with laser range fi nders to inventory thousands of vibration dampeners (hung on above-ground pipe segments to pre-vent oscillations) in less than a week.

Earl explains that GIS technology also is being deployed on mainstream mobile devices, such as in a new application de-

veloped by RDI to let users view infra-structure on the North Slope from an iPad. “We’ve developed map viewers for off shore weather and to display historical data on marine mammals and other biol-ogy,” says Cindy Eick, senior GIS project manager for RDI. “We’ve also done some cool stuff with streaming external data sources for near real-time display.”

AerialDataCollectionOptionsExpand

Poised for future commercial appli-cations of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), Anchorage-based Tulugaq, LLC, has introduced an aircra for re-mote-sensing data collection in Alaska that can be fl own unmanned. Tulugaq is a subsidiary of resource industry sup-port company Fairweather, LLC and a joint venture with the village Native corporations Olgoonik Corporation, of Wainwright, and Kaktovik Iñupiat Cor-poration, of Kaktovik. e company was created a er Fairweather acquired Virtual Data Operations Support, LLC, which specializes in collecting real-time environmental and scientifi c data.

A separate joint venture of Olgoonik Corporation and Fairweather Science, LLC, Olgoonik Fairweather, LLC op-erated the research vessel from which the fi rst approved commercial fl ight of a UAV in the United States was com-pleted in September for ConocoPhillips Alaska. e fl ight took place in remote Arctic airspace over the Chukchi Sea approximately 120 miles off the coast of Wainwright. Operated by Insitu, a sub-

The Fairweather/Tulugaq DA42 optionally-manned aircraft is being used to perform surveys and collect data in Alaska’s remote Arctic airspace.

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sidiary of the Boeing Company, the UAV sent real-time video and telemetry to the ground control system on the vessel.

e Federal Aviation Administra-tion has been tasked by Congress with developing operational guidelines for UAV use by 2015, and Alaska is con-sidered a top candidate for creation of a testing area in 2014.

e Alaska oil and gas industry antici-pates many opportunities from the avail-ability of unmanned aircra systems. A primary concern is reducing risk to per-sonnel while gathering data from remote sites under low light and o en unpredict-able weather conditions. e fl ights also will permit monitoring of conditions at, and operations of, remote assets.

e new Diamond Aircra DA42 aircra owned by Tulugaq is made of carbon composite material and is pow-ered by twin lightweight turbo-diesel engines. Burning less fuel than compa-rably sized research planes is an advan-tage when fl ying long distances from airfi elds and reduces operating costs and environmental impact. Because effi cient exhaust muffl ers permit quiet operation, data-gathering fl ights at low altitudes avoid wildlife disturbance.

e aircra incorporates sophisticated multispectral remote-sensing imagery capabilities such as those relying on infra-red identifi cation of data or light detection and ranging measurement of distances, as well as the tools for capturing high-resolu-tion optical images and live streaming of high-defi nition video. Steve Wackowski, operations manager of Tulugaq, estimates the airframe and sensors represent an in-vestment of about $1.5 million.

MultipleMissionCapabilities“ e genius of this plane is that like a Lego, we can easily snap on sensors,” he notes. Because of the airplane design, no certifi cates of airworthiness are nec-essary to change out the sensors that fi t into the receivers in the aircra nose and belly. “Like apps for a cell phone, every year new and better sensors are introduced, and we can easily make modifi cations,” Wackowski explains.

Tulugaq varies the sensors and cam-eras to meet the needs and budgets of its clients. Wackowski says Tulugaq can serve multiple clients when fl ying an area. For example, on a fl ight to docu-ment polar bear denning areas with

infrared technology, information on other species or geographical features needed by another party could be col-lected as well. “By splitting the mobili-zation costs, we can off er services at a reduced rate,” Wackowski adds.

In December 2013, a Tulugaq team fl ew a mission to collect baseline survey data for Repsol and Pioneer Natural Re-sources on polar bear denning habitat in leased areas of the Colville River Del-ta on the North Slope. “ e infrared ca-pabilities enabled us to record the dens with GPS data even in the low-light conditions during that time of year,” explains Daniel Wilkinson, director of remote sensing for Tulugaq.

Both Wilkinson and Wackowski bring military experience with UAV opera-tion. Wackowski, who holds the current record for high-latitude unmanned aer-ial system fl ights deployed from an ice-breaker, points out that the military has been using UAV technology for twenty years, and future commercial applica-tions will remove pilots from the haz-ards of fl ying remote-sensing missions in the Arctic. “Alaska is an unforgiving and dangerous place to fl y,” he adds.

e DA42, which is larger than un-manned aircra Tulugaq anticipates fl y-ing in future years, is enabling the compa-ny to build market share. “Right now we have the DA42 to bridge the gap. Although commercial use of UAVs is not currently authorized, we can show the exact footage that we’ll be able to capture with an un-manned operation,” says Wilkinson.

e ownership of Tulugaq also lever-ages participation of two Native cor-porations that represent North Slope communities. Kevin Hand, president of

the commercial division of Olgoonik, says the new joint venture provides op-portunities “to expand the relationship Olgoonik has with Fairweather in these exciting new technologies and build on our successful fi ve-year partnership con-ducting pioneering science in the Arctic.”

DrillingEnhancementsTapElusivePocketsofOil

Employing innovative techniques devel-oped in Alaska, ConocoPhillips Alaska re-cently drilled an octolateral well to extract oil with eight horizontal laterals from a single surface well bore. Coil tubing drill-ing technology implemented with real-time monitoring of the reservoir proper-ties encountered enabled the company to tap formerly elusive pools of oil.

During development of the Kuparuk Field in the 1980s and 1990s, the re-source was found to be more compart-mentalized than originally thought. ree-dimensional seismic interpre-tation revealed high density of intra-reservoir faults that subdivide the res-ervoir. e complex and fragmented system of reservoir sands create uncer-tain fl ow connections that resulted in the failure of vertical wells to produce the anticipated reserves.

Coiled tubing drilling technology, fi rst used in the 1990s, today is en-abling ConocoPhillips to access the re-maining hard-to-reach oil in fragment-ed sections. Multiple horizontal wells are being developed from the existing vertical well bores, a practice that also

Above: Coiled tubing drilling advances a small drill bit about the size of a fi st.Right: The coiled tubing drill string used for drilling these types of horizon-tal wells is spooled off a reel. By con-trast, traditional rotary-drilled wells rely on drill strings of straight iron pipe.

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Judy Griffi n is a freelance writer in Anchorage.

minimizes the environmental foot-print. “We are revitalizing well bores drilled in the 1980s, instead of plugging and abandoning them,” says Michael Braun, drillsite engineering supervisor.

Lamar Gantt, coiled tubing drilling engineering supervisor, explains that drilling three to four lateral wells is typical. “Because this particular geo-graphic area is very complex, six to eight laterals were required to develop the reserves,” he says.

To fi nd bypassed oil, geologists and geophysicists analyze data, interpreting faults to identify areas open to fl ow and locations where baffl ing restricts fl ow. e seismic surveys provide data with approximately twenty-foot vertical res-olution, making it diffi cult to identify smaller faults. Data collected in 2011 is still being interpreted.

e drilling process, which employs a “fi t-for-purpose” rig built by Nabors Drilling under contract specifi cally for the Kuparuk fi eld conditions, requires more than a little fi nesse. e reservoir sands are six thousand feet deep and ten to twenty feet thick, explains Gantt. During the drilling operation, geologists monitor the progress and conditions en-countered twenty-four hours a day.

e bottom-hole assembly transmits data through a cable to measure for-mation and drilling parameters. “ e structural complexity doesn’t allow us to nail the trajectories,” explains Braun. “We have a plan, a very good plan, but when drilling in sands, we are performing real-time geosteering.” He compares the process of pushing coiled tubing that is two inches in diameter through a three-inch hole to “trying to push a wet noodle.” A er the drilling is completed, a slotted liner is placed to protect the path from collapsing.

Although drilling multilateral wells is generally more expensive than drill-ing traditional vertical wells, the pro-cess enables ConocoPhillips to hit more targets. Braun says the company is in-vesting lots of computing time, man hours, and expense to understand and fi nd opportunities in the reservoir con-ditions. He adds, “We are pushing tech-nology to its limits.”

r r EQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYEQUIPMENT RENTAL/PROJECT SUPPORT COMPANYr r SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET SUPPORTING THE NORTH SLOPE & COOK INLET r HEATERS, GENERATORS, VEHICLES, MANLIFTS, HEATERS, GENERATORS, VEHICLES, MANLIFTS, HEATERS, GENERATORS, VEHICLES, MANLIFTS, LIGHT PLANTS LIGHT PLANTSr CAMPS & CAMP SERVICESCAMPS & CAMP SERVICESCAMPS & CAMP SERVICESr r FULL PROJECT LOGISTICS SERVICES & STAFFINGFULL PROJECT LOGISTICS SERVICES & STAFFINGFULL PROJECT LOGISTICS SERVICES & STAFFINGFULL PROJECT LOGISTICS SERVICES & STAFFINGFULL PROJECT LOGISTICS SERVICES & STAFFINGFULL PROJECT LOGISTICS SERVICES & STAFFING

Magtec Alaska, LLC(907) 394-6350Roger Wilson, Prudhoe [email protected]

Skeeter Creighton, Kenai(907) 394-6305 [email protected]

TOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORTTOTAL PROJECT SUPPORT

AT&TAT&T has appointed Kerry Emery as Government A c c o u n t M a n a g e r in the Business Integrated S olutio n s divisio n in Anchorage. In her new role, she will be respon-sible for all government, education, and medical mobility accounts. Born and raised in Wasilla, Emery has a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of North Dakota and most recently worked for AT&T as a Business Account Manager in the Small Business Mobility group.

Denali Alaskan Federal Credit UnionThe Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle (Seattle Bank) announces Robert Teachworth, President a n d C E O o f D e n a l i Alaskan Federal Credit Union, has been elected to the organization’s 2013 Board of Directors. He was elected to a four-year term, commencing January 1, 2014, and ending December 31, 2017. He served as chair of the Credit Union League for eight years and holds two master’s degrees, in business administration and in global finance, from Alaska Pacific University.

ASRC Energy ServicesASRC Energy Services, Inc. announces the pro-motion of Steve Gasser as the General Manager for the company’s Fabrication and Construction division. Gasser is a graduate of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute where he earned a Master of Science in E n g i n e e r i n g S c i e n c e Management.

Wells Fargo

Wells Fargo has named Jennifer Bonham, Clark Follows, David Harrington, Andrew Johannes, and Anna Sandefur as Small Business Specialists.

Bonham serves small business customers in the Mat-Su from Wells Fargo’s Wasilla Main store. She graduated from the Career Academy for Business Management in 2004.

Follows joins Wells Fargo as a small business specialist serving Anchorage customers from Wells Fargo’s Benson store. Follows earned a Master of Arts in Business Administration from the University of Alaska Anchorage.

Harrington joins Wells Fargo as a small business specialist serving Anchorage customers from Wells Fargo’s Russian Jack store. He has fifteen years of con-sumer and real estate lending experience in Alaska.

Johannes serves Anchorage small business cus-tomers from Wells Fargo’s Northern Lights and C Street store. Johannes holds a Bachelor of Science in Finance from Florida State University.

Sandefur serves South Anchorage small business customers from Wells Fargo’s Huffman store. Sandefur has helped Mat-Su customers succeed financially for two years as a teller and personal banker.

RIM Architects

RIM Architects, LLC is pleased to announce that Krista Phillips, AIA, NCARB, a Principal of RIM’s Alaska office, has accepted a firm-wide position of Principal of Marketing and Human Resources. Phillips holds a Master of Architecture degree from the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, and a Bachelor of Architecture degree from the University of Kentucky.

David Zeimer, AIA, has achieved Project Management Professional (PMP) accreditation. Zeimer earned Bachelor of Architecture and Master of Science Degrees in Architecture from the University of Michigan and is a Registered Architect in Alaska.

USKH Inc.

Dale Smythe, AIA, was named a Principal, while Daniel Karas, AIA, was named an Associate.

Smythe graduated from Montana State University with a Bachelor of Arts in Environmental

RIGHTMOVES Compiled by Mari Gallion


PhillipsPhillips

SmytheSmythe

BonhamBonham

HarringtonHarrington

ZeimerZeimer

KarasKaras

FollowsFollowsEmeryEmery

TeachworthTeachworth

GasserGasser

SandefurSandefur

JohannesJohannes

OHMY!SLED DOGS & SOFAS & MILK

WE’RE OFF TO RURAL ALASKA

Design and a Master of Architecture in 2001. Karas earned a Bachelor of Science in

Architectural Studies from the University of Illinois in 1998 and a Master of Architecture from the University of Washington in 2004.

Bering Straits Native CorporationBering Straits Native Corporation has announced the promotion of BSNC shareholder Kevin Ivanoff to Senior Director, Information Technology. Ivanoff earned a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administrative Management from the University of Alaska Anchorage. He also holds Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer certification.

Philanthropy NorthwestPhilanthropy Northwest, the regional net work of philanthropic grant-m a ke r s , n a m e d J e f f Clarke as its CEO. Clarke, an active civic leader in Anchorage, currently ser ves on the Alaska Public Media board, is a volunteer advisor of the Scotty Gomez Foundation, and is a Anchorage Downtown Rotary Club member. He has a BA from Middlebury College, an MBA from FW Olin Graduate School of Business at Babson College, and an MA in Organizational Management from Fielding Graduate University.

NANA Development Corp.S a n d y B e i t e l W e s t h a s j o i n e d N A N A Development Corp. as Senior Vice President, Human Resources. West is a g ra d uate of t h e University of Montana with a degree in finance a n d a c c o u n t i n g a n d continued her profes-sional development at the Kellogg Executive Master Business School at Northwestern University, the Human Resources

Executive Program at the University of Michigan, and the Strategic Human Resources Program at Cornell University, along with numerous other development classes.

Totem Ocean Trailer ExpressGrace Greene has joined Totem O cean Trailer E x p r e s s a s G e n e r a l Manager of the company’s Alaska operations. Greene received her bachelor’s degree in Oceanography from the United States N a v a l A c a d e m y a n d served in the US Marine Corps as a helicopter pilot and Aircraft Commander.

Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center

The Anchorage Museum A ssociation Board of Directors has named Julie Decker as director of the Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center. Decker holds a PhD in contem-porary art history, crit-icism, and management from Union Institute and University and a master’s degree in arts administration from Golden Gate University.

Nuvista Light & Electric Cooperative, Inc.

Nuvista Light & Electric C o o p e r a t i v e , I n c . a n n o u n c e s T i f f a n y Zulkosk y as the new E x e c u t i v e D i r e c t o r. Zulkosk y grew up in Bethel and brings several y e a r s o f h i g h - l e v e l leadership experience, including her most recent

position as the west area director for the US Department of Agriculture Rural Development. She has also served as the rural director for US Senator Mark Begich, the mayor of Bethel, and was named as one of Alaska’s Top 40 Under 40 in 2012.

Alaska CommunicationsAlaska Communications announces the hire of Linda Leary as senior vice president, sales. Leary has more than twenty-five years of leadership and sales experience in the state.

Moda HealthModa Health has promoted two of its Alaska team members and added a new representative. Angela Fraser is now an Account Executive in Medical Customer Service, Lauren Young is now a Large Group Service Representative, and Bob Satterthwaite is joining as a Sales Representative.

Fraser has a bachelor’s degree in geography from Portland State University.

Young has worked with Moda Health for five years in the company’s Anchorage office, filling a variety of sales and service roles.

Satterthwaite is a longtime Alaskan who’s worked in health insurance since 1988.

Office of Senator Lisa MurkowskiSenator Lisa Murkowski announces the promotion of Kate Williams to become her new Legislative Director in Washington, DC, to oversee her legis-lative efforts in the US Senate. Williams graduated from Juneau-Douglas High School, received an undergraduate degree from the University of North Carolina, and got her law degree from the University of San Diego.

Taylor Thompson of Anchorage was promoted to the position of Press Secretary in Murkowski’s Capitol Hill office. Thompson attended Gonzaga University in Washington State where she received a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science.

RIGHTMOVES Compiled by Mari Gallion


ClarkeClarke

GreeneGreene LearyLeary

DeckerDecker

ZulkoskyZulkosky

WestWest

WWW.NAC.AERO • (800) 727-2141 •

INSIDEALASKABUSINESS Compiled by Mari Gallion


Alaska Rubber Group

The Alaska Rubber Group has acquired fi ve additional locations, eff ectively

doubling the size of its employee owned organization. e Alaska Rubber Group, with three locations in Alaska—Anchor-age, Fairbanks, and Wasilla—has pur-chased fi ve additional locations in Wash-ington state. e fi ve additional locations were formerly referred to as the Pacifi c Rubber Group, and they consist of stores throughout Washington state serving the entire Pacifi c Northwest region. Pacifi c Rubber, Inc. located in Seattle, TIMCO Inc. at the Port of Tacoma, North Sound Hose and Fittings in Everett, Central Hose and Fittings in Pasco, and Inland Pacifi c Hose and Fittings in Spokane comprise the Washington locations.

e Alaska Rubber Group is the larg-est distributor of hydraulic and indus-trial hose, fi ttings, and rigging supplies in Alaska. is acquisition expands the market presence and distribution capa-bilities of its employee owned organiza-tion across the entire Pacifi c Northwest.

President and CEO Janeece Higgins said about the acquisition: “We’re always exploring opportunities for growth, and it is exciting to see where this new addi-tion to our group will take us. Some of the former owners of the Washington stores, Don and Drennon Adams, were the origi-nal founders of our Alaska locations. We all started with a very similar model. It’s kind of in our DNA. I have known some of the employees in the Washington stores for years, and the knowledge and experi-ence they bring will help shape the future of the company. Everyone involved is criti-cal to the team, and I look forward to their new ideas, hard work, and the growth that we will experience going forward.”

Each location within the group will retain its original name. However, each will be branded as an Employee Owned Alaska Rubber Group Company. Alaska Rubber Group COO Mike Mortensen explained, “We defi nitely want to keep the local culture at each location intact. ere’s a strong commitment within each store to customer service, and over the years each store has developed a loyal cus-tomer base. As we integrate these stores into the group, we’ll look to fi nd effi cien-cies, win new customers with expanded off erings and skill sets, and capitalize on economies of scale as a much larger group. In addition to these obvious goals, we are bringing the energy and empowerment of employee ownership. In our experience, as employees begin to understand they have a stake in the company, signifi cant growth is a natural byproduct. It’s a powerful model and this is just the beginning.”

CCI Industrial

CCI Industrial Services, LLC has en-tered into an agreement with Alutiiq

Oilfi eld Solutions, LLC to acquire certain assets including a major blasting, coating, and painting facility and related equip-ment in Deadhorse, Alaska. e transac-tion was completed on November 8, 2013.

e fi t-for-purpose facility enables CCI Industrial Services to perform larger jobs and work year round.

CCI Industrial, a wholly-owned subsid-iary of Bristol Bay Native Corporation, is an oilfi eld and industrial service provider with roughly 250 employees. CCI Industri-al is engaged in a wide variety of activities on Alaska’s North Slope including coating, sandblasting and painting, tank cleaning, pipeline maintenance, hazardous materi-als handling, and spill response.

Alutiiq Oilfi eld Solutions, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Afognak Native Corporation, is an oilfi eld service pro-vider with operations in Alaska, Canada, and North Dakota specializing in tempo-rary road and pad matting and structural composite products.

Jack White/ Vista Real Estate

Prudential Jack White/Vista Real Es-tate announced that it has become

an independent fi rm. e company is now operating as Jack White Real Estate and is affi liating with Leading Real Es-tate Companies of the World, the world’s largest network of leading independent real estate brokerages producing over one million transactions annually.

Jack White Real Estate is a family-owned organization dating back to the 1950s with deep roots in Alaska. e com-pany, with 250 top sales associates, has the leading market share in the state and covers metro Anchorage as well as Eagle River, Wasilla, and many more outlying areas, with annual home and commer-cial sales of $1,118,777,208. e company is owned by Naomi Louvier and also has mortgage and title insurance divisions.

“We have always been independently owned and operated,” comments Lou-vier, “and our franchise relationship served us well in the past. However, the Internet and other business circum-stances have changed over time, and to-day, we fi rmly believe that franchise fees can be re-deployed in the local market with much greater results to benefi t our clients and associates. We wanted to take charge of our future in a way that wasn’t possible with any franchise affi liation.

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At the same time, we recognize the tre-mendous value of national and global connections and were fortunate enough to be invited to affi liate with Leading Real Estate Companies of the World.”

ASRC Federal InuTeq

The US Census Bureau recently awarded ASRC Federal InuTeq a

contract to provide support critical for conducting the 2020 census.

Under the Master Address File/Topo-logically Integrated Geographic Encod-ing and Referencing Database, or MTDB, Improvement Support contract, ASRC Federal InuTeq will provide quality con-trol of data and continuous maintenance and updates to the database, which al-lows the Census Bureau to keep track of the lands and people of the United States. e Master Address File tracks current locations where US citizens live and work, while the Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing database supports the decennial census and other statistical programs and allows the census to map geographic features.

Work on the fi ve-year, approximately $7 million contract will be performed for the Census Bureau’s Geography Di-vision in Suitland, Maryland.

Institute of the North

The Arctic Slope Regional Corpora-tion (ASRC) and the Institute of

the North recently agreed to a strategic partnership addressing Arctic policy and infrastructure issues. In addition to a fi nancial contribution to the Institute of the North, Teresa Imm, Vice Presi-dent of Resources at ASRC, will join the Institute of the North board of directors.

ASRC joins Shell Alaska and the Uni-versity of Alaska Fairbanks as Strategic Partners. “We believe that the Institute of the North brings attention and direction to Alaska’s Arctic, convening critical conver-sations about issues that are at the heart of what we’re doing at ASRC,” says Imm. “I’m excited to join a wonderful team who share our vision of responsible resource develop-ment, balanced against vibrant cultures and a sensitive environment.”

e Institute of the North and UAF have signed an MOA that outlines a col-laborative framework that aligns the University’s current and future Arctic programs and projects; utilizes the In-stitute’s role as a convener; builds UAF’s academic, research, and public service capacities; and leverages fi nancial re-sources from both entities.

Shell Alaska has been an active par-ticipant in and supporter of programs at the Institute that have highlighted arctic transportation infrastructure and energy issues. Specifi cally, this has meant a high level of engagement in the Arctic Mari-time and Aviation Transportation In-frastructure Initiative—an eight-nation port and airport evaluation conducted under the auspices of the Arctic Coun-cil—and the Arctic Energy Summit, which took place in October in Iceland.

Healy Clean Coal Plant

The Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority and Golden

Valley Electric Association (GVEA) have closed the sale of the fi y-megawatt Healy Clean Coal Plant (HCCP) and transferred ownership of the plant to GVEA. e plant, now known as Healy Unit 2, is co-located with GVEA’s twenty-fi ve-megawatt Healy Unit 1. Construc-

tion and testing of the experimental plant was completed in the 1990s with federal and state funding, including a grant from the US Department of Energy. HCCP has not been in operation since 2000.

GVEA purchased the plant for $42 mil-lion, plus a reimbursement of $1.8 million for certain 2013 carrying costs. GVEA will spend an additional $37 million to update and enhance plant systems. GVEA also agreed to install advanced pollution con-trols as part of a consent decree with the US Environmental Protection Agency. GVEA plans to have the plant in opera-tion by the second quarter of 2015.

e plant is expected to help stabilize rates for GVEA’s 34,480 members. Pow-er costs have fl uctuated wildly over the past seven years as oil prices have risen, fallen, and risen again.

At peak construction the plant will employ approximately ninety workers. e plant will also create a yet-to-be-determined number of permanent, full-time jobs in Healy.

Alaskan Brewing Co.

The 2013 Alaskan Barley Wine Ale has hit stores in the fi een states

where Alaskan Brewing distributes beer. A big, bold beer, the Alaskan Barley Wine has been brewed strong enough to keep folks warm even on the coldest Alaska winter days.

Alaskan Barley Wine is a full-bodied ale, deep mahogany in color and brewed with an array of complementing malts to achieve its high original gravity. Multiple hop additions in the boil and dry hopping during fermentation pro-vide contrast to the big malt character resulting in the smooth balance that distinguishes this specialty brew.

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Alaskan Barley Wine has been pro-duced in limited edition vintages each year since its introduction at the Great Alaska Beer and Barley Wine Festival in 2003. Now produced as part of the Alaskan Pilot Series, Alaskan Barley Wine (formerly Alaskan “Big Nugget” Barley Wine) has gained a strong fol-lowing in Alaska and elsewhere. A mul-tiple award-winning beer, the Alaskan Barley Wine has received medals in the World Beer Cup and most recently won a gold medal in the 2012 West Coast Brew Fest in the Strong Ale category.

REI

Beginning in the spring of 2014, Alaskans can gear up for their out-

door adventures at a new REI location in Fairbanks, Alaska. e thirty thou-sand-square-foot store will be located at the southwest corner of Old Steese Highway and College Avenue.

REI is the nation’s leading outdoor retailer with the top brands of camping, climbing, cycling, fi tness, hiking, pad-dling, snow sports, and travel products. e new Fairbanks store will house a bike shop and ski and snowboard shop to off er expert assembly and repair ser-vices and host free in-store classes.

With 132 stores and 5.1 million ac-tive members, REI is the nation’s larg-est consumer cooperative. Anyone may shop with REI, but members pay a one-time, twenty dollar fee to receive a share in profi ts through an annual member refund. Members also receive discounts on REI Outdoor School and in-store classes and REI Adventures trips.

REI will hire approximately fi y new employees for its new Fairbanks store. Interested candidates can sign up on-

line to be notifi ed when REI begins ac-cepting applications. Employees receive a variety of benefi ts, including generous product and service discounts, competi-tive pay, and retirement contributions. For sixteen consecutive years, REI has been recognized as one of FORTUNE magazine’s “100 Best Companies to Work For.” e company is currently number seventeen on the 2013 list.

Miranda Gold

Miranda Gold Corporation is pleased to announce an agree-

ment with Alaska Hardrock Inc. to lease the Willow Creek Project, seventy-fi ve miles north of Anchorage. e project is accessed by well-maintained roads that can be used year round. e Willow Creek Project covers the majority of the Willow Creek mining district and con-tains seventy-fi ve patented lode mining claims and sixty-two State of Alaska lode mining claims for a total of approx-imately 8,700 acres (3,520 hectares).

e Willow Creek mining district is notable as the second largest historic lode gold producer in Alaska. Before 1950, the Willow Creek district alone had produced 5 percent of Alaska’s lode gold. Recorded gold production between 1911 and 1942 (when L-208 closed non-essential mining due to WWII) was 667,000 ounces at a grade of 1.2 oz Au/ton. Willow Creek gold is reported to be free milling with greater than 80 percent recovery by gravity alone and recoveries up to 95 percent reported from gravity and fl otation processing.

Miranda has signed a twenty-year lease with AHI for 100 percent control of the Willow Creek property. Under the terms of the lease, Miranda has made a $50,000 payment with a fi nal $100,000 due a er a

ninety day due diligence period. ereaf-ter, the lease is subject to annual payments of $150,000 or, if production is achieved, various net smelter royalties or revenues.

Ravn Alaska

Era Alaska, the brand that represents the family of airlines that includes

Era Aviation, Hageland Aviation Services, and Frontier Flying Service, is rebranding as Ravn Alaska. e airlines under the Era Alaska umbrella will also undergo re-branding. e move is refl ective of Ravn Alaska’s ongoing eff ort to meet its mission of unsurpassed safety, excellent customer service, reliable and on-time fl ights, and safe and effi cient handling of baggage and cargo. e eff ort is intended to de-crease confusion in the marketplace with the Era name and distinguish the airline from others in the aviation industry—a process nearly six months in the making.

Era Aviation will become Corvus Airlines, and Hageland Aviation and Frontier Flying Service will operate un-der the brand name Ravn Connect.

Wherever you see Era Alaska today, you will see Ravn Alaska in the near future. e company will continue to operate in its current structure. ere has been no change in ownership, staff , or locations served. e rebranding of Era Alaska to Ravn Alaska will happen in phases and will take several months to fully complete. e website will tran-sition from fl yera.com to fl yravn.com.

Ravn Alaska is the largest regional air group based in the state, off ering daily passenger and cargo services to nearly one hundred communities across Alaska. All fl ights operated on Bombardier Dash 8 aircra feature full in-fl ight cabin service.

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• General Contracting• Marine Infrastructure• Design Build


By Mari Gallion

trAvel

TheNullag.vikHotel

ALASKATHISMONTH

Nullaġvik is Iñupiaq for “A place to sleep,” but guests will fi nd much more than a place to sleep when they visit the Nullaġvik Hotel in Kotzebue, located thir-

ty-three miles north of the Arctic Circle and home to three thousand Iñupiat people.

Despite its presence in Kotzebue since 1975, the Nullaġvik of today is fully rebuilt with lots of modern amenities. e Nullaġvik Hotel currently features seventy-one guest rooms and seven suites with modern décor, fl at screen cable TV, coff ee makers, ironing boards, and wired and wireless Inter-net access. Also available is a meeting room, an observation room, and an exercise room.

Visitors will not only get a place to sleep, but also a great place to eat at the Nullaġvik Hotel Restaurant. In addition to classic American fare, the menu also features traditional Iñupiat specialties that spotlight reindeer as an ingredient and other local, fresh, Alaska ingredients.

Local activities and attractions include e Nullaġvik Kotzebue Tour, which gives guests a better picture of Kotze-bue’s past and present; the Northwest Arctic Heritage Center, which serves as a visitor center; LaVonne’s Fish Camp, both an excursion and an educational experience; and ra ing and camping opportunities.

Kotzebue is surrounded by several national parks where guests can pick berries and explore the tundra. Parks and areas of interest include Cape Krusenstern National Monu-ment, Noatak National Preserve, Selawik National Wildlife Refuge, and Kobuk Valley National Park. For more informa-tion and reservations, visit the Nullaġvik Hotel website.

nullagvikhotel.com

The front entrance of the Nullagvik Hotel in Kotzebue pays tribute to the traditions of the NANA region people as well as modern design and architecture.

Photo courtesy of NANA Management Services, LLC


By Mari Gallion

dining

MarxBrothersRestaurant

ALASKATHISMONTH

For many Alaskans, the typically cold temperatures of February off er an opportunity to guiltlessly stay in-doors, preferably next to a fi re. And isn’t it nice when

you can have someone else do everything for you—even the thinking—and know that everything will still be the best that it can be?

If so, you can trust Marx Brothers Café to impress your guest on Valentine’s Day with their ever-changing prix fi x menu in an elegant and uncommon setting for Anchorage.

“Marx Brothers is located in a very unique small house,” says Van Hale, one of the partner owners of Marx Brothers. “We change our menus all the time and use fresh Alaska in-gredients as much as we can,” which is why their special Val-entine’s Day menu is not yet fi xed. Two seatings are available for Valentine’s Day—one early and one late. e restaurant seats only sixty people, so reservations are highly encour-aged, if not completely necessary.

For those not in the market to impress a Valentine’s Day date, Marx Brothers off ers other opportunities to enjoy pro-ductive indoor time not only with elegant dinners fi ve days a week, but also with their classes, including their very popu-lar caesar salad class. Choose among food and wine class for $90; bubbles (champagne) and food class for $125; the rela-tively new wine and cheeses of the world class for $90; and the renowned caesar salad and wine class for $70. Classes start at noon on select days.

Some uncommon items regularly off ered on Marx Broth-ers’ dinner menu include seared foie gras, pheasant, sword-fi sh, duck, and rack of lamb.

marxcafe.com

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The Marx Bros. Café’s cultivated yet slightly rustic exterior prepares guests for its charming interior, sporting clean, white linens, fresh fl owers, and a charming fi replace—and the food is even more meticulously prepared.

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By Mari Gallion

dining

FatPtarmigan

ALASKATHISMONTH

Fat Ptarmigan is the latest venue to capitalize on the fact that there’s nothing quite like a good, hot, wood-fi red pizza on a cold winter’s day. It is unique not only for

its rustic/modern interior with brick walls, subway tile, and reclaimed wood on the walls, but also for its location at 5th Avenue and E Street in what is currently known around town as the “solar panel building,” kitty corner from Town Square.

“We use alder out of Homer,” says Guy Conley, chef and managing partner, of the wood used in the ovens, “and we focus on fresh, quality ingredients. Everything is hand-made. Our sauces are made from scratch.”

Guests at Fat Ptarmigan will also experience some unique menu off erings available exclusively at their venue, with cre-ative pizzas that can be found nowhere else.

“Hot Coppa is a good one,” Conley says. “We get all our charcuterie and specialty meats out of Zoe’s Meats in Seat-tle—it’s got spicy coppa, sausage, pepperoni, and roasted red peppers on it, with a spicy red sauce.”

“We’re also doing a duck pizza with a duck confi t, and it’s fi nished with an egg in the middle topped with some fresh arugula, red onions, and leaks as well. And then we have a Greek pizza for which we braise our lamb—and it has kal-amata olives, fresh feta, and tzatziki sauce.”

We have seventeen beers on tap, focusing primarily on Alaskan beer,” Conley says.

Pizzas at fat Ptarmigan generally cost between eleven and twenty dollars. Various other menu items are available.

fatptarmigan.com

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Located in historic downtown Anchorage and featuring a brand new wood-fi red oven, Fat Ptarmigan mixes old with new in terms of décor and food, making a memorable expe-rience out of both.

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By Tasha Anderson

entertAinment

TheDuctTapeBall

ALASKATHISMONTH

Alaskans love duct tape, giving to the community, and a good party, so it’s no great shock that those elements have all combined for the last fi een years to form

the Duct Tape Ball. Held on February 15 at the Anchorage Marriott starting at 6 p.m., the Duct Tape Ball includes a cocktail hour, dinner, entertainment, raffl e, live and silent auctions, dancing, and live music—this year performed by PandaMonica.

Event volunteer Nance Larsen says, “People make incred-ible gowns and costumes to the theme every year out of duct tape,” in addition to duct tape decorations and sculptures created entirely by volunteers at this duct tape celebration. “We make all of the decor out of duct tape provided by na-tional sponsor Shurtech Duck Brand Duct Tape. We create everything from center pieces to large sculptures to the bars and murals out of duct tape. Our large sculptures are shipped to Shurtech post event to be featured at their national festi-val,” Larsen says.

Every year, 100 percent of the net proceeds are donated to three Alaska charities, selected through an online applica-tion process. is year’s charities are Equine Assisted era-py Alaska, Armed Services YMCA of Alaska, and Anchorage Rotary Club in support of Parks for All.

In line this with year’s theme of “2014 Space Odyssey,” this is the Duct Tape Ball’s “fi nal voyage.” Larsen says that “2014 will be the 15th and fi nal year. We have had fi een years of very successful fundraising with the help of the generosity off the community.”

For more information about the event and this year’s char-ities, please visit the Duct Tape Ball website.

ducttapeball.org

Last year’s theme for the Duct Tape Ball was “Ductopoly and other Tacky Games” and featured a giant, duct tape Mr. Potato Head. Many outfi ts were made to fi t the theme, such as this duct-tape Monopoly dress.

Photo by Frank Flavin Photography

Last year’s theme for the Duct Tape Ball was “Ductopoly and other Tacky Games” and featured a giant, duct tape Mr. Potato Head. Many outfi ts were made to fi t the theme, such as this duct-tape Monopoly dress.

Photo by Frank Flavin Photography


AnchorAge2/14-3/9 JihadJonesandtheKalashnikovBabesJihad Jones is an Arab-American actor who is offered a career-making role as an insane, hostage-holding terrorist. He tries to convince himself that this “dream role” offer to work with the most respected director in the business is not a betrayal of his integrity as an actor and his Muslim culture. This is a hilarious satire spoofing Hollywood about a serious topic: ethnic stereotyping. Cyrano’s Off Center Playhouse, show begins at 3 p.m. or 7 p.m., depending on the date. cyranos.org

15 TheAlaskaMarineGalaProceeds from this “Blue Tie” event fund science education, marine research, and wildlife rescue at the Alaska SeaLife Center. The evening includes cocktails, a silent and live auction, dinner, awards, dancing, and live music. Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, 6 p.m. alaskasealife.org

2/21-3/2FurRondyCome join the seventy-seven-year tradition that includes winter sports, native art and culture, and many other events that celebrate life and the frontier spirit of Alaska in downtown Anchorage. Various times and locations. furrondy.net

22 AlaskaYouthOrchestraWinterConcertThe season kicks off with an extravaganza of music making: the two ensembles of the Alaska Youth Orchestras—the Youth Symphony and the Youth Philharmonic—will be joined by the Junior High Youth Symphony, both the orchestras and band. The finale of the concert will be the joining of four orchestras in a performance of Tchaikovsky’s Symphony No. 2 Finale. The concert will also include a guest appearance by the Alaska Dance Theatre. Alaska Center for the Performing Arts, 7 p.m. anchorageyouthsymphony.org

2/28 GoRedforWomenConferenceandLuncheonWomen gather at this luncheon to fight against heart disease in women, hearing survivor stories, learning how heart disease can affect the family unit, and how to help stop heart disease. Den’aina Civic & Convention Center, 9 a.m. anchoragegoredluncheon.ahaevents.org

cordovA7-9 IcewormFestivalEvents at the festival include the variety show/Miss Iceworm coronation, survival suit races, blessing of the fleet, parade, shaving permits, food fair, men’s basketball tournament, arts and crafts show, photo show, iceworm tail hunt, and ice cream feed. Various locations and times. cordovachamber.com

FAirbAnks19-23 WinterfestThis outdoor festival celebrates both winter and the Denali National park year-round community. Events include ice and snow sculpting, dog sled rides, games and other activities, and a s’mores station. Denali National Park & Preserve, all day. denaliborough.govoffice.com

2/24-3/30 BPIceArtChampionshipsThe ice competitions at this annual event attract more than one hundred ice artists and approximately forty-five thousand visitors from Alaska and across the world. The events include professional, amateur, and youth competitions and awards ceremonies. George Horner Ice Park, various times. icealaska.com

2/27-3/1 FestivalofNativeArtsThe Festival of Native Arts provides cultural education and sharing through Native dance, music, and traditional arts, continuing the student-led tradition that began in 1973 of bringing together artist, performers, and performance groups in a celebration of Native cultures. Davis Concert Hall, UAF Campus, various times. fna.community.uaf.edu

28 MotownCabaretFundraiserEnjoy a night of Motown music, dancing, and cabaret-style refreshments at the Fairbanks Summer Arts Festival’s annual fundraiser. Alaska Centennial Center for the Arts, 7:30 p.m. fsaf.org

homer6-9 HomerWinterCarnivalThe theme for this year’s carnival, “Dancing in the Street,” celebrates the City of Homer’s 50th anniversary. Events include a beer tasting, outhouse race, community dance, dessert auction, Mr. Homer pageant, and more. Various locations and times. homeralaska.org

JuneAu8-9 WearableArtsExtravaganzaPresented by the Juneau Arts & Humanities Council, this celebration of wearable art includes a silent auction and performances that raise funds for scholarships, grants, and the Juneau Arts & Culture Center. This year’s theme is “Technicolor.” Centennial Hall, silent auction begins Saturday at 7 p.m. and Sunday at 2 p.m. jahc.org

15 EaglecrestWinterFireworksSpectacularParticipants can stay warm gathering around the bonfire while watching the Torchlight Parade and the fireworks lighting the sky. Eaglecrest Ski Area, 4 p.m. skijuneau.com

sitkA6-8 SitkaJazzFestivalThe three days of festival are full of several concerts by local and visiting students as well as local and visiting professional artists, as well as all day workshops Saturday. The Friday Student concert at 6 p.m. and Brown Bag concerts Thursday and Friday at Noon are free to the public. Various locations and times. sitkajazzfestival.com

tAlkeetnA14-15 ComplexitiesofLoveThis is the Denali Art Council’s annual Valentine variety show, exhibiting local talents ranging from song and dance to multimedia presentations, all related to love in all its complexities. Sheldon Community Arts Hangar, 8 p.m. talkeetnachamber.org

WAsillA2/14-3/9 PollyannaValley Performing Arts presents Pollyanna, the classic story of the “greatest optimist of all time.” Valley Performing Arts, Friday and Saturdays at 8 p.m., Sundays at 2 p.m. valleyperformingarts.org

15 Mat-SuPlungeThis is an annual fundraising event benefitting and coordinated by the Mat-Su Sertoma Club, which promotes hearing health in the Valley and assists other non-profit organizations. Registered plungers dress up and wear costumes; prizes are awarded to those who have raise the most funds or have the best costume, in addition jumper raffle prizes. Wasilla Lake Resort; registration begins at 10 a.m., the plunge is at Noon. matsuhearing.org/polar-plunge

EVENTSCALENDAR Compiled by Tasha Anderson


MarketMarketMarket SquaresSquaresSquaresFor Information About Advertising in Market Squares Call (907) 276-4373 or Toll Free (800) 770-4373

BUILDING ALASKA A new bridge across the Colville River A $50 million subsea pipeline

across Cook Inlet North Slope water and

wastewater facility Annual Construction Directory

ALASKA & PACIFIC NORTHWEST Alaska company expands south,

Pacific NW company comes north A closer look at shared resources,

goods, and services

FEATURE ARTICLES ANC’s: Economic impact

on communities Financial Services: Project financing

in construction Insurance: Business Insurance

Must-Haves Oil & Gas: Infrastructure devel-

opment on the North Slope Oil & Gas: Oilfield fabrication

facilities are busy again Services: Big changes in the auto

body repair industry

Transportation: Rural passenger and cargo options

Visitor Industry: Corporate sponsors of the Iditarod

DEPARTMENTS From the Editor View from the Top HR Matters Agenda Alaska Trends Right Moves Inside Alaska Business Alaska This Month: Dining, Travel,

Entertainment & Events Calendar

March in Alaska Business Monthly

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ALASKA TRENDS HAS BEEN BROUGHT TO YOU THIS MONTH COURTESY OF AMERICAN MARINE/PENCO

Since 2001, Alaska state and local government jobs gained in number while federal government jobs in Alaska fell slightly, according to data published by Alaska’s Depart-

ment of Labor and Work Force Development (DOLWD). e department’s Research and Analysis (R&A) Section publish-es monthly fi gures containing employment statistics by job sector and calculates an annual average for each. DOLWD’s R&A Section off ers a number of Labor Market Information products and services. ey deliver information to contract-ed customers, respond to individual information requests, make presentations, and collect information. Most of the data produced is available on the Internet and some are available in hard copy. is includes the size of the labor force (total number of people employed plus those seeking employment), the number and percent of workers unemployed, the number and percent of the workforce that were not Alaska residents, the number and percent of new hires, the number of layoff s, monthly estimate of payroll jobs by industry, quarterly em-ployment and earnings by industry, short and long-term employment forecasts by industry, the number of new hires by industry, employment and wages by occupation, and the number of new hires by occupation.

e chart shows that since 2001, Alaska state government

jobs increased from 22,900 to 26,100 in 2012. at represented an increase of nearly 14 percent. Alaska local government job employment increased from 38,800 to 41,700 during the same period, which refl ected an increase of 7.5 percent. e chart also displays a slight drop in federal government employment in Alaska during the same time period, dipping from 16,800 jobs in 2001 to 16,300 jobs in 2012. Many states experienced a decline in their state and local government jobs during that time period. ose declines were chiefl y associated with the adverse fallout from the recession of 2008, which also slowed the growth of their federal government jobs. Alaska’s strategic military installations helped buff er Alaska from experiencing any signifi cant federal government job losses.

SOURCE: Alaska Department of Labor and Work Force Development, Research and Analysis Section

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AlaskaGovernmentEmployment:Stateand

LocalJobsOutpaceFederalGains signifi cant over losses from

2001 through 2012

Alaska Trends, an outline of significant statewide statistics, is provided by the University of Alaska Center for Economic Development.

ALASKATRENDS By Michael Malone


ANCHORAGE OFFICE6000 A Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99518

(907) 562-5420

www.amarinecorp.com www.penco.org

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GENERAL Personal Income—Alaska US $ 3rdQ13 36,923 36,557 36,123 2.21%Personal Income—United States US $ 3rdQ13 14,180,492 14,032,587 13,683,809 3.63%Consumer Prices—Anchorage 1982-1984 = 100 1st H13 210.85 206.62 205.22 2.74%Consumer Prices—United States 1982-1984 = 100 1st H13 232.37 230.34 228.85 1.54%Bankruptcies Alaska Total Number Filed October 45 41 69 -34.78% Anchorage Total Number Filed October 22 21 53 -58.49% Fairbanks Total Number Filed October 6 6 9 -33.33% EMPLOYMENT Alaska Thousands October 331.80 331.90 343.03 -3.27%Anchorage & Mat-Su Thousands October 178.60 184.40 191.64 -6.80%Fairbanks Thousands October 39.90 41.70 44.84 -11.01%Southeast Thousands October 35.75 40.50 36.60 -2.33%Gulf Coast Thousands October 30.30 33.50 35.51 -14.67%Sectorial Distribution—Alaska Total Nonfarm Thousands October 329.3 345.6 331.8 -0.75% Goods Producing Thousands October 45.4 51.1 46.5 -2.37% Services Providing Thousands October 282.0 294.5 285.3 -1.16% Mining and Logging Thousands October 18.5 18.7 17.6 5.11% Mining Thousands October 17.9 18.1 17.1 4.68% Oil & Gas Thousands October 14.7 14.8 13.8 6.52% Construction Thousands October 19.3 20.1 19.2 0.52% Manufacturing Thousands October 7.6 12.3 9.7 -21.65% Seafood Processing Thousands October 3.6 8.2 5.9 -38.98% Trade/Transportation/Utilities Thousands October 62.3 66.6 63.2 -1.42% Wholesale Trade Thousands October 5.7 6.0 6.1 -6.56% Retail Trade Thousands October 35.8 36.8 35.8 0.00% Food & Beverage Stores Thousands October 6.3 6.3 6.3 0.00% General Merchandise Stores Thousands October 9.7 9.9 10.1 -3.96% Trans/Warehouse/Utilities Thousands October 20.8 23.8 21.3 -2.35% Air Transportation Thousands October 5.7 6.1 5.7 0.00% Information Thousands October 6.1 6.1 6.2 -1.61% Telecommunications Thousands October 3.9 4.0 4.1 -4.88% Financial Activities Thousands October 13.5 13.6 13.0 3.85% Professional & Business Svcs Thousands October 27.8 29.2 28.9 -3.81% Educational & Health Services Thousands October 47.2 47.0 46.7 1.07% Health Care Thousands October 33.7 33.6 33.1 1.81% Leisure & Hospitality Thousands October 29.6 36.1 29.7 -0.34% Accommodation Thousands October 6.6 9.5 7.3 -9.59% Food Svcs & Drinking Places Thousands October 19.2 21.5 18.6 3.23% Other Services Thousands October 11.7 11.9 11.9 -1.68% Government Thousands October 83.8 84.0 85.7 -2.22% Federal Government Thousands October 14.5 15.1 15.7 -7.64% State Government Thousands October 26.4 26.7 26.9 -1.86% State Education Thousands October 8.6 8.4 8.7 -1.15% Local Government Thousands October 42.9 42.2 43.7 -1.83% Local Education Thousands October 23.7 23.0 26.0 -8.85% Tribal Government Thousands October 3.3 3.4 4.1 -19.51%Labor Force Alaska Thousands October 363.77 366.05 364.63 -0.24% Anchorage & Mat-Su Thousands October 200.24 197.19 201.65 -0.70% Fairbanks Thousands October 46.73 46.96 47.21 -1.02% Southeast Thousands October 38.63 41.28 38.86 -0.59% Gulf Coast Thousands October 38.63 40.20 38.25 0.99%Unemployment Rate Alaska Percent October 6.5 6.5 6.8 -4.41% Anchorage & Mat-Su Percent October 5.1 4.8 5.1 0.00% Fairbanks Percent October 5.1 4.6 5.1 0.00%

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Southeast Percent October 6 4.7 5.9 1.69% Gulf Coast Percent October 7.1 6 7.3 -2.74%United States Percent October 7.3 7.2 7.9 -7.59% PETROLEUM/MINING Crude Oil Production—Alaska Millions of Barrels October 16.14 15.33 16.95 -4.76%Natural Gas Field Production—Alaska Billions of Cubic Ft. October 7.72 7.48 9.12 -15.35%ANS West Cost Average Spot Price $ per Barrel October 104.82 110.48 107.30 -2.31%Hughes Rig Count Alaska Active Rigs October 10 12 9 11.11% United States Active Rigs October 1744 1760 1834 -4.91%Gold Prices $ Per Troy Oz. October 1316.18 1348.8 1,746.68 -24.65%Silver Prices $ Per Troy Oz. October 21.92 22.56 33.18 -33.94%Zinc Prices Per Pound October 0.94 0.93 0.96 -1.64% REALESTATE Anchorage Building Permit Valuations Total Millions of $ October 29.71 36.46 24.96 19.02% Residential Millions of $ October 10.57 15.28 9.69 9.10% Commercial Millions of $ October 19.14 21.18 15.27 25.32%Deeds of Trust Recorded Anchorage—Recording District Total Deeds October 871 857 1462*GeoNorth -40.42% Fairbanks—Recording District Total Deeds October 150 247 386 -61.14% VISITORINDUSTRY Total Air Passenger Traffic—Anchorage Thousands October 360.58 436.49 346.63 4.02%Total Air Passenger Traffic—Fairbanks Thousands October 75.12 89.52 71.46 5.12% ALASKAPERMANENTFUND Equity Millions of $ October 48,263 47,033.70 42,369.00 13.91%Assets Millions of $ October 49,163.50 47,906.20 42,994.90 14.35%Net Income Millions of $ October 125.5 297.9 127.5 -1.57%Net Income—Year to Date Millions of $ October 1162.7 1411 34.8 3241.09%Marketable Debt Securities Millions of $ October 77.1 80.6 33.7 128.78%Real Estate Investments Millions of $ October 34.6 29.7 35.90 -3.62%Preferred and Common Stock Millions of $ October 852.7 1,165.10 (135.3) -730.23% BANKING(excludes interstate branches) Total Bank Assets—Alaska Millions of $ 2ndQ13 2,186.18 2,163.28 2,100.47 4.08% Cash & Balances Due Millions of $ 2ndQ13 47.55 45.15 55.74 -14.69% Securities Millions of $ 2ndQ13 133.58 135.91 163.91 -18.50% Net Loans and Leases Millions of $ 2ndQ13 1,185.98 1,201.04 1,153.64 2.80% Other Real Estate Owned Millions of $ 2ndQ13 6.38 7.31 8.21 -22.29%Total Liabilities Millions of $ 2ndQ13 1,907.74 1,894.70 1,832.07 4.13% Total Bank Deposits—Alaska Millions of $ 2ndQ13 1,852.29 1,837.36 1,787.23 3.64% Noninterest-bearing deposits Millions of $ 2ndQ13 588.36 567.54 527.08 11.63% Interest- bearing deposits Millions of $ 2ndQ13 1,263.92 1,269.82 1,260.16 0.30% FOREIGNTRADE Value of the Dollar In Japanese Yen Yen October 97.81 99.15 78.92 23.94% In Canadian Dollars Canadian $ October 1.04 1.04 0.99 5.45% In British Pounds Pounds October 0.62 0.63 0.62 -0.31% In European Monetary Unit Euro October 0.73 0.75 0.77 -5.32% In Chinese Yuan Yuan October 6.13 6.16 6.31 -2.78%

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LatestReportPeriodPeriodUnitsIndicator




Alaska Air Cargo.....................................................79Alaska Air Transit................................................129Alaska Communication

Systems (ACS)...................................................61Alaska Dreams Inc.................................................35Alaska GSHC 2014............................................130Alaska Miners Assoc...........................................92Alaska Native Village CEO Assoc.

(ANVCA)...............................................................27Alaska Printer’s Supply.....................................49Alaska Rubber .......................................................115Alaska Seafood Marketing

Institute (ASMI)..............................................89Alaska Traffic Co....................................................71Alaska USA Federal Credit Union...............97American Fast Freight........................................75American Marine................................................118American Marine/PENCO.............................135Anchorage Museum...........................................20Anchorage Opera...............................................132Architects Alaska..................................................22Arctic Office Products (Machines).......100Avis...............................................................................132BDO...............................................................................23Bering Shai Marine LLC...................................116Bering Straits Native Corp.............................78Bezek Durst Seiser...............................................26BP Exploration (Alaska)..................................110

Brand Energy & Infrastructure...................25Calista Corp. .............................................................33Carlile Transportation Systems....................77Chris Arend Photography.............................138Clarion Suites | Quality Suites ....................131Construction Machinery

Industrial LLC......................................................2Cornerstone Advisors........................................15Cruz Construction Inc......................................40CRW Engineering Group.................................34Delta Leasing LLC................................................113Design Alaska...........................................................31Dino’s Donuts Inc...............................................134Donlin Gold...............................................................45Dowland-Bach Corp......................................... 114Doyon Limited........................................................111EDC Inc........................................................................26Fairweather LLC.......................................................9First National Bank Alaska.................................5Fountainhead Hotels/

Sophie Station Suites...................................91GCI..................................................................104, 140Golder Associates Inc.........................................39Granite Construction.........................................47Great Originals Inc...............................................22Harley Marine Services....................................85Hawk Consultants LLC.................................... 121Historic Anchorage Hotel.............................129

Island Air Express................................................131Judy Patrick Photography..............................95Lifewater Engineering Co................................28Lounsbury and Associates...............................51Lynden Inc. ............................................................. 101MagTec Alaska LLC............................................123Motion Flow Control Products Inc........106Michael Baker Jr. Inc..........................................20N C Machinery.........................................................37NALCO Champion..............................................123NANA Construction LLC..................................41NCB................................................................................95North Slope Telecom Inc............................... 121Northern Air Cargo...............................124, 125Northland Services..............................................82NTCL .............................................................................85Offshore Systems Inc......................................105Olgoonik Development Corp.......................29Olgoonik/Fairweather LCC........................103Oxford Assaying & Refining Inc.................133Pacific Alaska Freightways.............................69Pacific Environmental

Corp. (PENCO)...............................................119Pacific Pile & Marine..................126, 127, 128Pacific Rim Media/

Smart Phone Creative................................45Paramount Supply..............................................134Parker, Smith & Feek...............................................3

PDC Inc. Engineers..............................................38Pen Air...........................................................................81Personnel Plus.....................................................130PND Engineers Inc............................................107Procomm Alaska...................................................117R&M Consultants..................................................32RSA Engineering Inc...........................................44Scan Office.................................................................21Seekins Ford Lincoln Fleet...........................107SGS...................................................................................51Society of Marketing

Professionals Alaska..................................134Span Alaska Consolidators..............................13Stellar Designs Inc..............................................134The Nature Conservancy..................................11Totem Ocean Trailer Express (TOTE).....83Trailercraft Inc. Freightliner of Alaska....84Tutka LLC....................................................................46UAA College of Business

& Public Policy..................................................63UIC Bowhead-Crowley LLC...........................76UMIAQ.........................................................................46Usibelli Coal Mine Inc........................................44Vigor Alaska.............................................................80Washington Crane & Hoist.............................19Waste Management ........................................106Watterson Construction.................................43West-Mark Service Center.......................... 114

A d v e r t i s e r s i n d e x

February

AlaskaForumontheEnvironmentFebruary 3-7—Dena’ina Civic & Convention Center, Anchorage: For 2014, the forum will provide expanded event content on issues surrounding coastal communities and general emergency response for remote communities. is will include tsunami impacts, marine debris, fl ooding, earthquakes, and coastal erosion.akforum.com

AnchorageAEYCEarlyChildhoodConferenceFebruary 5-8—Join other early childhood community members to learn new strategies, hear about the latest research, try out a few practical techniques, and discover new tools and resources to help face any challenge.anchorageaeyc.org

AlaskaHeadStartAssociationConferenceFebruary 6-8— is year’s theme is “Building Healthy Minds and Bodies.” ere will be a one-day pre-conference session with training workshops on Wednesday, February 5. akheadstart.org

EngineersWeekFebruary 16-22—Engineers Week celebrates the positive contributions engineers make to society and is a catalyst for outreach across the country to kids and adults alike. Various events and activities take place around the state, see website for more information.anc-aspe.org/eweek.html

ASTEAnnualConferenceFebruary 22-25—Hotel Captain Cook, Anchorage: is four day event kicks off with the annual Leadership Summit and three- to six-hour workshops. e last two days will feature Keynote speakers, the iDidaContest, and dozens of technology sessions.aste.org

ArcticAmbitionsIII:CommercialDevelopmentoftheArcticFebruary 28-29— e Hotel Alyeska, Girdwood: Arctic Ambitions III will concentrate on the theme of international trade and business opportunities that fl ow from resource development in the Arctic. While policy and research inform the discussion, the conference focuses on global markets, international trade and logistics. wtcak.org

March

AnnualGovernor’sSafety&HealthConferenceMarch 4-6—Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, Anchorage: e conference includes recognition of the recipients of the Governor’s Safety Award

of Excellence and the Governor’s Special Achievement Award and off ers training, education, and the latest tools and technology for workplace safety and health.labor.alaska.gov/lss/asac.htm

SWAMCAnnualEconomicSummitMarch 6-7—Hotel Captain Cook, Anchorage: e Southwest Alaska Municipal Conference’s annual summit and membership meeting. swamc.org

AAA2014AnnualConferenceMarch 5-8—Wedgewood Resort, Fairbanks: e theme of this year’s meeting of the Alaska Anthropological Association is “Anthropology and Art.” Workshops will be held March 5, and the conference will include artistic events. alaskaanthropology.org

SoutheastConference2013Mid-SessionSummitMarch 12-14—Centennial Hall, Juneau: e Summit is an opportunity for Southeast leaders to discuss issues vital to the region including energy, resource development, transportation, tourism and economic development, and provides members a chance to meet with lawmakers.seconference.org

April

Top40Under40April 4, 2014—Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, Anchorage: Sponsored by the Alaska Journal of Commerce, this event is a recognition of the state’s top young professionals younger than the age of forty who have demonstrated professional excellence and a commitment to community. alaskajournal.com

AMA24thBiennialMiningConferenceApril 7-13—Carlson Center, Fairbanks: “Growing Alaska: Can you dig it? Catch my dri ?” is theme of the Alaska Miners Association 2014 conference. ere will be technical sessions, short courses, a trade show, and fi eld trips to local mines/projects. alaskaminers.org

VisitAnchorageAnnualSeymourAwardsBanquetApril 11, 2013—Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, Anchorage: A celebration of the industry’s successes of the past year. Special award presentations will be made to Visit Anchorage partners whose exceptional eff orts have made these achievements possible.anchorage.net

SeismologicalSocietyofAmericaAnnualMeetingApril 30- May 2, 2014—Anchorage: A stimulating exchange of research on a wide range of topics with colleagues from all

over the world. Oral presentations, poster sessions, exhibits, fi eld trips, business meetings, and social gatherings all provide participants the opportunity to meet and share with their peers.seismosoc.org

May

BusinessofCleanEnergyinAlaskaConferenceMay 1-2, 2014—Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, Anchorage: e conference provides a venue for attendees to learn about and share information on the opportunities, benefi ts, and challenges of renewable energy and energy effi ciency in Alaska and to network with those working in these fi elds.bceaconference.com

AlaskaStateHRConferenceMay 12-13, 2014—Sheraton Hotel, Anchorage: Meet more than two hundred human resources professionals, offi ce managers and administrators, directors, and adult educators representing both public and private industry. is event will bring professionals from around the state to learn more about their responsibilities as HR Professionals.alaska.shrm.org

InternationalHETLConferenceMay 31-June 2, 2014—Anchorage: e theme of this year’s conference for the Higher Education Teaching & Learning Portal is “Innovative Learning-Scapes: e-Scapes, play-Scapes and more.” e aim is to examine the impacts that social and mobile media and networks are having on learning environments in higher education. hetl.org

June

NationalCongressofAmericanIndians(NCAI)Mid-YearConferenceJune 8-11, 2014—Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, Anchorage: e National Congress of American Indians, founded in 1944, is an American Indian and Alaska Native organization serving the broad interests of tribal governments and communities.ncai.org

July

USNationalConferenceonEarthquakeEngineeringJuly 21-25, 2014—Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center, Anchorage: e conference, on the 50th Anniversary of the Great Alaska Earthquake and Tsunami, will provide an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to share the latest knowledge and techniques to mitigate the damaging eff ects of earthquakes and tsunamis.10ncee.org

AGENDA Compiled By Tasha Anderson


alaska business monthly february 2014

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