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Alberta Structure Protection Program

Operational Guidelines

ALBERTA MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS OFFICE OF THE FIRE COMMISSIONER

2018

ii

Table of Contents Definitions and Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................................... iii

1. Program Overview ......................................................................................................................................................... 1

2. Structure Protection Incident Organization and Personnel Positions ........................................................................... 2

2.1 Incident Organization ........................................................................................................................................... 2

2.2 Personnel Positions .............................................................................................................................................. 3

3. Training and Qualification Standards ............................................................................................................................ 4

4. Deployment Procedures ................................................................................................................................................ 8

4.1 Requesting Resources .......................................................................................................................................... 8

4.2 Activation Process ................................................................................................................................................ 9

4.3 Deployment Process ............................................................................................................................................ 9

4.3.1 Personnel and Apparatus Transport ................................................................................................................ 9

4.3.2 Personal Protective Equipment ....................................................................................................................... 9

4.3.3 Communications Equipment ........................................................................................................................... 9

4.4 Deployment Periods .......................................................................................................................................... 10

4.5 Food and Lodging ............................................................................................................................................... 10

4.6 Record Keeping .................................................................................................................................................. 10

4.7 Post-Deployment Procedures ............................................................................................................................ 10

5. Reimbursement Guidelines ......................................................................................................................................... 11

5.1 Apparatus and Equipment Rates ....................................................................................................................... 12

5.1.1 Engines .......................................................................................................................................................... 12

5.1.2 Truck Company (Aerial, Platform, or Elevated Stream)................................................................................. 13

5.1.3 Water Tenders ............................................................................................................................................... 13

5.1.4 Structure Protection Units (SPU) ................................................................................................................... 13

5.1.5 Other ............................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.2 Personnel Rates ................................................................................................................................................. 14

6. Safety and Emergency Procedures .............................................................................................................................. 15

6.1 Safety Guidelines ............................................................................................................................................... 15

6.2 Emergency Procedures ...................................................................................................................................... 18

7. Program Maintenance and Revision............................................................................................................................ 20

7.1 Incident Debriefs and After-Action Reviews ...................................................................................................... 20

7.2 Structure Protection Program Operational Guidelines ...................................................................................... 20

8. Appendices .................................................................................................................................................................. 21

Appendix I – Personnel Roles/Responsibilities and Kit Lists ................................................................................................. 22

Appendix II – Structure Protection Program Templates ...................................................................................................... 29

Appendix III – OFC Structure Protection Resources Database ............................................................................................. 37

Alberta Structure Protection Program Operational Guidelines iii

Definitions and Acronyms

AB DLAN – Alberta Disaster Local Area Network

AEMA – Alberta Emergency Management Agency

AFCA – Alberta Fire Chiefs Association

AFRRCS – Alberta First Responders Radio Communication System

AMA – Alberta Municipal Affairs

ICS – Incident Command System

OFC – Alberta Office of the Fire Commissioner

POC – Provincial Operations Centre

Responding Organization – The fire department or contractor that is providing resources for a Provincial

structure protection deployment.

Responsible Organization – the organization that may be determined by the Province as responsible for costs

of provincially-deployed structure protection resources.

STPL – Structure Protection Leader

STPM – Structure Protection Member

STPS – Structure Protection Specialist

WHMIS – Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

WMB – Alberta Wildfire Management Branch

Alberta Structure Protection Program Operational Guidelines 1

1. Program Overview The Alberta Structure Protection Program Operational Guidelines provide standards and procedures related

to:

▪ Structure protection personnel positions.

▪ Training and qualification standards.

▪ Deployment procedures.

▪ Reimbursement guidelines.

▪ Safety and emergency procedures.

▪ Program maintenance and revision.

▪ Structure protection technical and administrative templates.

This document defines the Structure Protection Program operating procedures and standards. The goal of the

Program is to strengthen the capacity for Provincial structure protection while providing flexibility to deploy

trained and capable resources with clear rules of engagement and reimbursement requirements.

The Alberta Office of the Fire Commissioner will administer and manage the structure protection program.

This is a living document and will be reviewed on an annual basis by representatives from the Alberta Office of

the Fire Commissioner (OFC), Alberta Wildfire Management Branch (WMB), and the Alberta Fire Chiefs

Association (AFCA) with the revised version being prepared prior to March 1 of each year.

Deployment costs for the provision of the Structure Protection Program by the OFC through a responding

organization will be managed upfront by the OFC for consistency and the OFC will recover these costs from the

responsible organization following the conclusion of the incident.


2. Structure Protection Incident Organization and Personnel Positions

2.1 Incident Organization

Each wildland/urban interface incident will be organized using the Incident Command System (ICS). Based on

the incident size and complexity, the organization will be determined by the Incident Management Team.

Consideration should be given to the establishment of Unified Command.

There are many different ways to organize structure protection resources into the organization to effectively

manage the incident. Tactical structure protection resources should be organized into the Operations Section.

A Structure Protection Technical Specialist may also be organized into the Planning Section (Figure 1).

FIGURE 1: TYPICAL STRUCTURE PROTECTION RESOURCE ORGANIZATION


2.2 Personnel Positions

The Structure Protection personnel positions are based on qualification, training, and experience-levels of the

individual and determine the ICS level of activation on the incident. Roles and responsibilities and kit lists are

provided for each position in Appendix I.

Structure Protection Specialist (STPS1)

▪ Responsible for overall coordination and implementation of structure protection strategies and tactics.

▪ Directs the Structure Protection resources as Branch Director in the Operations Section and/or provides technical expertise to the Structure Protection Branch Director as a Structure Protection Technical Specialist in the Planning Section.

Structure Protection Leader (STPL)

▪ Responsible for supervising and performing tactical assignments assigned to Structure Protection resources during the pre-impingement, impingement, and post-impingement phases.

▪ The Structure Protection Leader may act in the role of Single Resource (Crew, Apparatus), Strike Team, or Task Force Leader reporting to a Structure Protection Branch Director or Division/Group Supervisor.

Structure Protection Member (STPM)

▪ Responsible for performing tactical assignments during the pre-impingement, impingement, and post-impingement phases.

▪ The Structure Protection Member reports to a Structure Protection Leader.

Structure Protection Specialist (STPS2)

▪ Responsible for coordination and implementation of structure protection strategies and tactics within a Structure Protection Division and/or Group.

▪ Directs the Structure Protection resources as Division/Group Supervisor in the Operations Section and/or provides technical expertise to the Structure Protection Branch Director as a Structure Protection Technical Specialist in the Planning Section.


3. Training and Qualification Standards Training and qualification standards are provided for each of the Structure Protection program positions to

ensure that personnel are trained, experienced, and competent.

▪ Operational tasking of structure protection personnel will be commensurate with training

qualifications.

▪ Contract structure protection crew members and crew leaders are not required to have NFPA 1001

training and qualifications listed.

▪ Municipal, Provincial, and contract Structure Protection Specialists are required to meet all NFPA

and/or CIFFC standards listed.

▪ Training course equivalencies will be considered on an individual basis by the OFC.

Minimum training standards for personnel will be phased-in over a five-year period (Table 1) to allow fire

departments and contractors to get personnel trained to the appropriate level. The training courses by

position (Table 2) indicate the minimum standards to be met by 2023.

Qualification standards (Table 3) are based on:

▪ Current structural (NFPA) and/or wildland (CIFFC) qualification level.

▪ Completed training courses.

▪ Successful experience in the position.

The Fire Chief (Municipal Fire Department) or Executive (Contractor) from the responding organization will

be responsible for ensuring that all deployed personnel meet the minimum training standards and are

competent to perform the position tasks.


TABLE 1: MINIMUM TRAINING STANDARDS OVER FIVE-YEAR PHASE-IN PERIOD Year Minimum Training Standard 2018 & 2019 All personnel must have:

▪ Standard First Aid/CPR Level C ▪ WHMIS ▪ ICS Orientation (I-100) ▪ Wildfire Orientation (Online or 1-day workshop)

o Wildfire behaviour o Wildfire safety o Wildfire operations

All Fire Department personnel must have the above training in addition to the following NFPA 1001 (2013) skills.

▪ Skill 1 – Don/doff PPE ▪ Skill 6 – Use of SCBA ▪ Skill 8 – Establish and operate in work areas at emergency scenes ▪ Skill 9 – Force entry into structures ▪ Skill 10 – Exit hazardous areas as a team during obscured vision conditions ▪ Skill 11 – Set up ground ladders ▪ Skill 13 – Extinguish Class A fire in stacked or piled materials ▪ Skill 14 – Conduct search and rescue operations in a structure ▪ Skill 15 – Attack an interior of a structure as a member of a team ▪ Skill 18 – Overhaul ▪ Skill 19 – Property conservation ▪ Skill 20 – Connect to a water supply ▪ Skill 22 – Illuminate emergency scene ▪ Skill 23 – Turn off building utilities ▪ Skill 24 – Combat ground cover fire ▪ Skill 25 – Knots and hoisting ▪ Skill 26 – Clean and check equipment and return to service ▪ Skill 27 – Returning equipment to service

NOTE: The following structural firefighting training offered by AFTS/Fire ETC/Lakeland College ETC will be deemed as an equivalent to the NFPA 1001 (2013) skills list noted above:

▪ Fire Fighter Part One, Two, and Three ▪ FFTP 300 and 500 ▪ Previous editions of NFPA 1001 (Level 1)

2020 All STPL’s must meet the full training standard.

2021 & 2022 All STPL’s and a minimum of one STPM per crew must meet the full training standard.

2023 forward All STPL’s and a minimum of two STPM’s per crew must meet the full training standard.


TABLE 2: MINIMUM TRAINING COURSES BY POSITION (as per timelines in Table 1)

STPM – Structure Protection Member STPS2 – Structure Protection Specialist 2 STPL – Structure Protection Leader STPS1 – Structure Protection Specialist 1

Discipline Training* STPM STPL STPS2 STPS1

Structural NFPA 1001 Level I Firefighter/NFPA 472 Dangerous Goods Awareness X X X X

NFPA 1001 Level II Firefighter/NFPA 472 Dangerous Goods Operations X X X

Safety Standard First Aid/CPR Level C X X X X

WHMIS X X X X

Incident Command

System

(ICS Canada)

ICS Orientation (I-100) X X X X

Basic ICS (I-200) X X X

Intermediate ICS (I-300) X X

Advanced ICS (I-400) X

Leadership ICS Canada Strike Team/Task Force Leader X X X

ICS Canada Division/Group Supervisor X X

NFPA 1021 Level I Fire Officer and/or CIFFC Type II Wildfire Management X X

NFPA 1021 Level II Fire Officer and/or CIFFC Type I Wildfire Management X

Wildfire Operations Wildfire Orientation for Muni FF’s X X X X

Wildland FF Level I (NFPA 1051) and/or Wildfire Crew Member X X X

Wildfire Behaviour Principles of Fire Behavior (CIFFC - Online) (Not currently available) X X X

Understanding the Fire Weather Index (FWI) System (CIFFC - Online) (Not

currently available)

X X

Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction System (CIFFC – Online) (Not currently

available)

X

WUI Fire Operations Structure & Site Preparation Workshop (S-115) X X X X

Fire Operations in the Wildland/Urban Interface (S-215) X X X

* Operational tasking of structure protection personnel will be commensurate with training qualifications. * Contract structure protection crew members and crew leaders are not required to have NFPA 1001 training and qualifications. * Municipal, Provincial, and Contract Structure Protection Specialists are required to meet all NFPA and/or CIFFC standards. * Training course equivalencies will be considered on an individual basis by the OFC.


TABLE 3: QUALIFICATION STANDARDS BY POSITION

Position Minimum Qualifications Minimum Training Minimum Experience

STPS1

NFPA 1021 Level II Fire Officer and/or Operations Branch Director

All STPS2 training or equivalents in addition to: ▪ Advanced ICS (I-400) ▪ Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP)

System

Served on three interface fires, minimum of 15 days, as a STPS2.

STPS2

NFPA 1021 Level I Fire Officer and/or Div/Grp Supervisor (DIVS)

All STPL training or equivalents in addition to: ▪ Intermediate ICS (I-300) ▪ Division/Group Supervisor and/or Type II Fire Mgt. ▪ Understanding the Fire Weather Index (FWI) System

Served on two interface fires, minimum of 14 days, as a STPL.

STPL

NFPA 1001 Level II Fire Fighter and/or Type I Wildfire Crew Leader

All STPM training or equivalents in addition to: ▪ Basic ICS (I-200) ▪ Strike Team/Task Force Leader (ST/TFL) ▪ NFPA1051 Wildland FF Level I and/or Wildfire Crew

Member ▪ Principles of Fire Behaviour (CIFFC) ▪ Fire Ops in the WUI (S-215)

Served on three interface fires, minimum of 24 days, as a STPM.

STPM

NFPA 1001 Level I Fire Fighter and/or Type I Wildfire Crew Member

▪ ICS Orientation (I-100) ▪ Wildfire Orientation for Muni FF’s ▪ Structure & Site Preparation Workshop (S-115) ▪ Standard First Aid/CPR Level C ▪ WHMIS

Minimum one-year as firefighter on a fire department or wildfire crew.


4. Deployment Procedures Apparatus and personnel deployed by the Province are considered a provincial resource and any decisions to

re-deploy or release from an incident are determined by the Province after consultation with the involved

parties.

During provincial deployments, liability and Workers Compensation Board coverage is the responsibility of

the Municipality or contractor. The OFC will confirm that all requested Municipalities and contractors have

liability and WCB coverage prior to dispatch. It is recommended that departments dispatching resources

contact their insurer to ensure there are not any limitations preventing them from responding outside of their

jurisdiction.

Organizations that are dispatching resources will be provided with an AB DLAN Ticket Number at time of

deployment. This Ticket Number will be required for all future incident tracking and billing procedures by the

dispatched organization or contractor.

4.1 Requesting Resources Requests for structure protection resources for interface wildfires, outside of a local authority’s or their mutual-

aid partner’s jurisdictional authority, will be managed, resourced, and deployed by the OFC. In order to build

current situational awareness within the OFC, firefighting organizations are encouraged to advise the OFC of

mutual-aid structure protection resource deployments (i.e. multiple operational periods, regional mutual-aid

response) within their jurisdiction. This situational awareness will provide the basis for the development of

provincial strategies to deal with emerging issues in a timely manner and to anticipate potential short and long-

term resource requirements.

The Incident Commander may request structure protection resources, to assist with the threat to structures or

values at risk of an existing wildfire, through their approved process to the appropriate body (WMB Duty

Officer, Fire Chief, Municipal Director of Emergency Management, Corporate Emergency Coordination Centre).

That entity, local authority, or organization will contact the Provincial Operations Centre through their

approved process to make the request for structure protection resources, providing the following minimum

information:

▪ Requesting party and contact name and phone number

▪ Incident name and location

▪ Resources requested – Kind, Type (refer to Section 5)

▪ Quantity of each

▪ Required arrival date and time for each resource

▪ Reporting location

▪ Any special requirements

The Provincial Operations Centre will create a Provincial Ticket within AB DLAN and contact the OFC On-Call

Duty Officer to implement the request.


4.2 Activation Process The OFC will develop and maintain a database of structure protection resources that fire departments and

contractors may have available for provincial deployment (Appendix III). Organizations providing resources

should ensure they have the appropriate approvals from their organization’s executive with signing authority

prior to activation. During a State of Provincial or Local Emergency, the OFC may identify specific personnel

and/or apparatus available for provincial deployment. Apparatus typing will be confirmed prior to deployment.

Each department providing resources for provincial deployment shall provide a Structure Protection Resource

Manifest (Appendix II) and an equipment inventory checklist for apparatus, SPU’s, and equipment to the OFC

prior to deployment and to the receiving organization upon check-in at the incident.

Apparatus deployed by the Province may be required to report to a location where mechanical safety

inspection, proof of insurance, and equipment and PPE inventories are verified prior to deployment.

4.3 Deployment Process

4.3.1 Personnel and Apparatus Transport

Depending on the incident location, personnel and apparatus may be requested to drive to the incident or be

provided with commercial transportation options by the OFC. All commercial transportation costs must be

approved by the OFC prior to deployment. Commercial transportation costs paid by the responding

organization will be reimbursed at cost with supporting receipts.

Vehicles used to transport personnel will be reimbursed as per rates provided in Section 5 – Reimbursement

Guidelines or, if not provided, the current Government of Alberta (GOA) Travel and Meal Reimbursement and

Allowance Rates.

4.3.2 Personal Protective Equipment

All fire department and contract personnel responding to a provincial deployment shall have the minimum

personal protective equipment listed in Section 6 and meeting or exceeding agency policy and Provincial

legislation.

Expendable items, such as gloves and masks, will be reasonably replaced by the OFC if damaged or worn out

during the response. Those costs will be part of the cost recovery from the responsible organization.

4.3.3 Communications Equipment

The Incident Management Team will determine the most effective manner of communications between

structure protection resources and command and tactical channels will be set. Responding resources should

deploy with adequate radio communications between their personnel.

Any request for the AFRRCS Site-on-Wheels (SOW), Mobile Radio Cache(s), and activation of AFRRCS Provincial

Common Event Talk Groups must be placed by the Incident Management Team through the Municipal

Emergency Coordination Centre, the Office of the Fire Commissioner, or the Provincial Operations Centre to

the AFRRCS System Control Centre at 587-982-3710 or [email protected]. WMB does not utilize

AFRRCS for wildfire operations.

mailto:[email protected]


4.4 Deployment Periods Deployment periods for incidents requiring provincial resourcing of apparatus and personnel will be for a

minimum of 4 days and a maximum of 14 days. Deployment periods may be revised by the OFC based on

resource availability, incident complexity, hazards and/or special circumstances at home base as negotiated

between the OFC and the responding organization or contractor. Fire department costs associated with crew

rotations within the 4 to 14-day deployments, including wages, transportation, and authorized expenses, will

be compensated by the OFC. Fire departments choosing to rotate personnel prior to a minimum 4-day

deployment period shall do so at their own expense or as agreed to by the OFC prior to the deployment. Costs

for backfilling personnel at the responding fire department fire station is not supported.

All Provincially-deployed resources will check-in with the Incident Management Team upon arrival and will

receive a tactical briefing prior to being assigned to tactical actions.

4.5 Food and Lodging Food and lodging costs incurred during travel to and from the incident will be compensated by the OFC at cost

with reasonable receipts or at GOA Travel and Meal Reimbursement and Allowance Rates.

All personnel should come with a minimum of 48-hours food supply (meals, granola bars, drinks, water, etc.)

in case food services are not immediately available.

Crews may be expected to stay in a fire camp during deployment to interface wildfire incidents unless it is a

local deployment within one-hour of home base and if pre-approved by the OFC and the Incident Commander.

When meals and lodging are not provided at the incident, GOA Travel and Meal Reimbursement and Allowance

Rates will apply. No claims are allowable if meals and lodging are provided at the incident.

4.6 Record Keeping Daily records of deployment must be completed by the senior member of each crew, must be approved by the

Supervisor (Branch Director or Division/Group Supervisor), and must be submitted to the incident

Finance/Administration Section at the end of each Operational Period for all personnel and apparatus.

Personnel and equipment time will be recorded on the Alberta Structure Protection Resources Daily Time

Ticket (Appendix I). The provincial AB DLAN Ticket Number must be entered on all time sheets prior to

submission.

4.7 Post-Deployment Procedures Provincially-deployed apparatus and personnel shall only be released by the OFC after consultation with the

Incident Commander. Released resources will be subject to incident demobilization/check-out procedures

prior to leaving the incident.

Some deployed equipment may need to be left on-scene by the departing resource until the incident is

demobilized and substitute items may be provided until actual items are returned. A complete list of missing

and/or damaged equipment must be provided at demobilization check-out.


5. Reimbursement Guidelines Fire departments and contractors providing resources requested by the Province will be reimbursed by the

Office of the Fire Commissioner. The OFC will seek reimbursement from the responsible organization based

on the wildfire point of origin as outlined below.

Point of Origin Responsible Organization

Inside the Forest Protection Area AB. Wildfire Management Branch

Outside the Forest Protection Area Local Municipal Authority or Owner

Reimbursement will be for actual hours travelled and/or worked. Departments returning to their home

jurisdiction daily will be reimbursed for actual hours worked and travelled each day.

The OFC does not reimburse for structure protection resource pre-positioning and/or standby that is not

directly related to an interface wildfire.

The reimbursement rates contained within this section are for fire department equipment and personnel and

provincial, municipal, and contract staff performing the Structure Protection Specialist role for response to

an OFC request. Existing mutual-aid agreements are not affected by these guidelines.

Reimbursement rates for fire department apparatus, equipment, and personnel are listed in Sections 5.1

and 5.2 and are based on the following formula.

Apparatus / Equipment + Personnel + Expenses = Total Rate (5.1) Rate (5.2) Rate

Contractor equipment and personnel responding to an OFC request will be reimbursed according to the

current Alberta Road Builders and Heavy Construction Association Equipment Rental Rates Guide and the

Alberta Wildfire Management Branch Equipment Rates or by contractual agreement where the equipment is

not specified in the established rate guides.

NOTE:

▪ Reasonable and documented damage to apparatus as a result of a provincial deployment that is

reported to the OFC representative prior to departure from the incident will be reimbursed for by

the OFC.

▪ Costs for apparatus personnel above the numbers specified in this document will not be covered

unless authorized in advance by the OFC.

▪ Special resources not included in these Operational Guidelines will be reimbursed at negotiated rates

between the OFC and the provider.

▪ Consumables such as foam will be supplied or reimbursed by the OFC.


5.1 Apparatus and Equipment Rates Apparatus has been typed according to the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC) Mutual-Aid

Resources Sharing Agreement. Minimum requirements for equipment and capabilities have been listed and

all apparatus to be equipped with appropriate appliances, nozzles, spanners, and hand tools and to be

operationally ready.

▪ Reimbursement rates include vehicle insurance, all minimum required equipment and appliances,

fuel, and routine maintenance costs.

▪ All apparatus types shall meet federal, provincial, and agency requirements for motor vehicle safety

standards including all gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWR) when fully loaded.

▪ Type 3 Engines and Tactical Water Tenders shall be equipped with a foam proportioner system.

▪ All Water Tenders and Type 3-6 Engines shall be able to prime and pump water from a 3 metre lift.

Additional items (add-ons) that may be requested by the Province include:

▪ Four-wheel drive.

▪ High pressure pump.

▪ Foam proportioner.

▪ Compressed air foam system (CAFS) – 40 cfm minimum.

▪ Additional personnel.

5.1.1 Engines

Minimum Requirements

Engine Type

Structure Wildland

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Tank capacity (Litres) 1100 1100 1900 2800 1500 570 190

Pump flow (Lpm) 4000 2000 550 200 200 200 40

@ Rated pressure (kPa) 1000 1000 1700 700 700 700 700

Hose 65mm (m) 360 300 - - - - -

Hose 38mm-45mm (m) 150 150 300 90 90 90 -

Hose 25mm (m) - - 150 90 90 90 60

Ladders as per NFPA 1901 Yes Yes - - - - -

Master Stream – 2000 Lpm Yes - - - - - -

Pump & roll - - Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Maximum GVWR (kg) - - - - 11,800 8850 6350

Personnel 4 3 3 2 2 2 2

Rate per Hour

$300

$300

$200

$200

$150

$100

$75


5.1.2 Truck Company (Aerial, Platform, or Elevated Stream)


Truck Company Type

1 2

Aerial (Metres) 20 15

Flow Rate (Lpm) 2000 2000

Ground Ladders (Metres) 35 35

Personnel 4 4

Rate per Hour

$600

$500

5.1.3 Water Tenders


Water Tender Type

Support Tactical

S1 S2 S3 T1 T2

Tank capacity (Litres) 15,000 9500 3800 7600 3800

Pump flow (Lpm) 1100 800 800 1000 1000

@ Rated pressure (kPa) 350 350 350 1050 1050

Pump & roll - - - Yes Yes

Personnel 1 1 1 2 2

Rate per Hour

$300

$200

$150

$300

$175

5.1.4 Structure Protection Units (SPU)

Minimum Requirements Sprinkler Trailer Type

1 2 3

Number of Structures Protected 31+ 21-30 10-20

Rate per Day Open with Equipment Deployed

Closed with No Equipment Deployed

$1200 $600

$800 $400

$400 $200

5.1.5 Other

Kind

Rate per Day

All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) $100

Utility Task Vehicle (UTV) $125

Truck, ½ - ¾ ton, 4X4 $200

Truck, 1 ton, 4X4 $225

Van, 12-15-passenger $225

Note: ATV and UTV rates include transport trailer as required


5.2 Personnel Rates Kind

Rate

Union Fire Fighters As per Fire Fighter Collective Agreements (wages and benefits).

Non-Union Fire Fighters $41 per hour worked (includes wages, overtime, and benefits).

Fire Department Management Staff (Non-Union)

As per actual rates (salary and benefits).

Contractors As per negotiated contract rates.

▪ Hours for personnel must be supported with sufficient documentation (Appendix II - Daily Time Tickets) as per GOA policies.

▪ Expenses, not included in hourly rates, include vehicle, accommodation, meals, and miscellaneous as per these guidelines or GOA rates if not included here.


6. Safety and Emergency Procedures Wildland/urban interface fire operations are conducted in a high-risk environment subject to the dangers of

wildfire entrapment, overhead and slope hazards, vehicle and aircraft operations, and medical emergencies.

Interface responses add hazards such as vehicle fires, powerlines, pressurized gas containers, and hazardous

materials. Vehicle accidents travelling to and from the fire and medical emergencies involving responders are

additional hazards that interface responders must be alert to.

Responders must approach every situation with a “safety first” attitude and remember that no fire

suppression tasks are considered sufficiently urgent to justify any risk-taking or shortcuts with safe work

procedures. All responders to wildland/urban interface incidents are expected to be competent workers with

adequate training and experience. All responders must receive appropriate training for their respective

occupations to ensure safe operations.

It is not the intent of this document to restate existing legislation, policy or guidelines, but rather to identify

some of the components of the safety program.

6.1 Safety Guidelines LEGISLATION Laws governing health and safety in Alberta’s workplaces fall under the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)

Act, Regulation and Code, and related legislation. The legislation establishes minimum standards for safe and

healthy practices in Alberta workplaces.

A “Code of Practice for Firefighters” developed by Alberta Labour and the OFC provides explanations of the

OHS Act, OHS Regulations, and the OHS Code as they apply to the emergency operations of fire departments

in Alberta. This Code of Practice is intended to deal primarily with the special work sites commonly known by

the emergency services industry as an “emergency incident” and to situations where workers involved in

delivering emergency services are responding at these sites. The main goals of the legislation are to prevent

injury and fatality incidents and to reduce the severity of those incidents that do occur among Alberta’s

workers, including firefighters.

POLICY AND STANDARD OPERATING GUIDELINES All personnel at an incident, associated with a municipal or provincial government organization, or company,

will be providing services in accordance with their agency policy and Standard Operating Guidelines. Personnel

cannot conduct any activity, process, or operation in contravention of their agency policy or Standard

Operating Guidelines. In the event of multiple organizations working in cooperation, they will adopt the most

stringent or restrictive agency policy or Standard Operating Guidelines to mitigate an incident in a safe manner.

Provincial legislation and regulation supersedes policies and guidelines.

SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES Everyone is responsible for safety at the workplace. All personnel must be familiar and comply with legislation,

safety policies and standards. Each organization must have a Safety Policy and Safety Program and shall:

▪ Ensure the health and safety of all persons on the worksite.

▪ Ensure that all personnel understand their responsibilities.


▪ Maintain records of injury and illness.

▪ Ensure workers understand the need and use of PPE.

Each worker shall:

▪ Protect self and other workers.

▪ Cooperate in all safety matters.

▪ Report illness and injury.

▪ Utilize required PPE.

All personnel have the right to refuse work due to imminent danger. In that event, supervisory staff are

expected to take actions pursuant to the OHS regulations.

WORKERS COMPENSATION BOARD COVERAGE All persons, municipalities, agencies, commissions, companies, societies and corporations must be registered

and in good standing with the Workers Compensation Board.

EMERGENCY PLANNING Every incident must have an emergency plan which specifies procedures for handling sudden or unexpected

situations. The objective is to be prepared to prevent fatalities and injuries. All personnel must be familiar

with the emergency plan.

SAFETY LISTS All responders must be familiar with a range of references to assist in interface response safety awareness

including but not limited to:

▪ Structural Watch-Out Situations.

▪ LACES – Lookouts, Anchor Points, Communications, Escape Routes, Safety Zones.

▪ Four Common Denominators of Fatality Wildfires.

▪ 10 Standard Firefighting Orders.

▪ 17 Situations that Shout Watch-Out.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Personnel working on structure protection assignments shall wear the required legislated protective clothing

and equipment. Recommended minimum personal protection equipment includes:

▪ Full Turn-Out Gear (Fire Departments only when conducting structure fire suppression).

▪ Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (T1 and T2 Engines from Fire Departments only).

▪ Fire-Resistant Clothing (Nomex or equivalent).

▪ Approved Head Protection.

▪ Approved Eye Protection.

▪ Approved Hearing Protection.

▪ Approved Respiratory Protection (half-mask with P-100 filter - 3M 2097 or equivalent).

▪ Gloves.

▪ Work Boots.


SAFETY TRAINING All personnel must be made aware of incident-specific safety policies and safe work practices including

briefing or training on the following:

▪ Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS).

▪ Standard First Aid/CPR Level C.

▪ Emergency response plans & procedures.

SAFETY BRIEFINGS At a minimum, one daily safety briefing must be conducted by direct supervisors. Further briefings must be

conducted when tasks or hazards change. Briefings must be documented.

SAFETY INSPECTIONS Inspections may be conducted by qualified persons on personnel, vehicles, equipment, and operations to

ensure they are meeting standards established in legislation and policy.

ACCIDENT/INCIDENT REPORTING All personnel must report accidents, incidents or near misses to their supervisor. All accidents, incident or

near misses must be investigated in accordance with the OHS Act and the jurisdiction having authority.

DRUGS AND ALCOHOL The use or possession of illegal drugs, marijuana, or alcohol are not permitted at any incident or work site.

Reporting to work unfit for duty due to abuse of illegal drugs, marijuana or alcohol will not be permitted.

WORKPLACE VIOLENCE All personnel are responsible for creating and ensuring a healthy and safe work environment. There is zero

tolerance of misconduct, whether it is threats, harassment, bullying or any other inappropriate behavior. All

personnel have the responsibility to report violence, harassment or inappropriate behavior to their

supervisor.

COMMUNICATIONS All Structure Protection Leaders and Specialists must have radio communications with supervisors and

adjoining forces. Leaders must also have a method of communication to make contact outside of the

incident (e.g. cellular phone, satellite phone, radio repeater link to telephone or dispatch).

HEAVY EQUIPMENT SUPERVISION It is the responsibility of all personnel to ensure that heavy equipment is operated in a safe manner to minimize the risk to people, property and equipment.

▪ Wear Personal Protective Equipment.

▪ Stay out of the equipment DANGER ZONE areas.

▪ Approach Mechanical Equipment in the following manner:

o Initial contact made by radio or hand signals.

o Establish clear visual contact with operator before approaching.

o Operator will cease operation.

o Operator will give the all-clear sign to approach.


MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATION Motor vehicles must be operated according to Provincial and Municipal legislation. Drivers must adhere to the

Codes of Practice or Standard Operating Guidelines for the operation of motor vehicles. Operators must always

drive defensively to anticipate and mitigate hazardous conditions. Emergency lights will be used at all times

during the impingement response phase.

UTILITY HAZARDS Overhead powerlines pose a threat to firefighters. There is a risk of electrocution from downed powerlines.

Propane tanks are found throughout the wildland/urban interface and can become an explosive hazard when

they are burned over. Many rural properties have septic fields that will not support heavy vehicles.

All hazards posed by utilities must be mitigated by qualified persons prior to entry by response personnel.

6.2 Emergency Procedures FIRST-AID INCIDENT A first aid incident is a non-disabling injury that does not require medical services and where work time is not

lost. It is an incident where the individual is treated using only a first-aid kit, or the services of a

paramedic/EMT, or the services of a nurse at a nursing station. Work time lost does not exceed the day of the

incident.

Initiate first aid immediately and then report to your supervisor as soon as possible. Supervisors are

responsible for forwarding the information up the chain of command on the incident. The supervisor will

investigate as soon as possible after a reported incident and will take necessary corrective measures. He/she

is responsible for ensuring that the first-aid report is forwarded through the chain of command.

LOST TIME INCIDENT A lost time incident is a work injury or an industrial disease that requires medical services and prevents the

worker from reporting for the next scheduled work shift or work day. Initiate first aid immediately and then

report to your supervisor as soon as possible. Supervisors are responsible for forwarding the information

through the chain of command on the incident. The Province of Alberta shall ensure that liaisons are assigned

as required for the worker(s), families, and/or hospital.

Notify the Government of Alberta’s Occupational Health and Safety Contact Centre at 1-866-415-8690. If an

injury is serious enough that it may cause a worker to stay in hospital for more than 2 days, report the injury

right away. Do not wait for 2 days to confirm that it is a reportable injury. If all information regarding the

incident or injury isn’t immediately available, call in with the information that is available. Additional

information can be provided when it becomes available.

The supervisor will investigate as soon as possible after a reported incident and will take necessary corrective

measures. If follow-up action is required, personnel must be assigned to ensure that it is carried out.


AUTOMOBILE OR MOBILE EQUIPMENT INCIDENT All automobile and mobile equipment incident losses are reportable incidents. Automobiles include all vehicles

licensed for highway use, including trailers being towed, and mobile equipment includes all self-propelled

equipment such as ATV’s, UTV’s, and heavy equipment.

Initiate first aid immediately and then report to your supervisor as soon as possible. Supervisors are

responsible for forwarding the information through the chain of command on the incident.

The RCMP or local police should be notified as soon as possible for incidents that result in third-party injury,

property damage, and/or vehicle damage.

UNTENABLE INCIDENT The first priority for all incidents is the safety of the responders. Safety of responders will not be compromised.

In the event the scene becomes untenable, responders have the duty to withdraw from the area until

conditions are acceptable.

ON-SCENE EQUIPMENT FAILURE In the event of the failure or breakdown of an automobile, mobile equipment or a major piece of equipment,

the operator must report the occasion to their supervisor if the failure or breakdown will not be rectified within

15 minutes. Supervisors must notify through the chain of command if an equipment failure will impact the

achievement of assigned objectives and strategies.

FAMILY EMERGENCY The definition of a family emergency is at the sole discretion of the responder. Family emergencies may impact

responders whom are deployed at an incident. Family emergencies may require the immediate attention of a

responder, either by telecommunication or by their physical attendance. The supervisor and chain of

command shall support the responder in his/her efforts to address the family emergency. This would include

immediate release from the incident and expedited transportation as required.


7. Program Maintenance and Revision The OFC will be responsible for Structure Protection Program maintenance and revision.

7.1 Incident Debriefs and After-Action Reviews All Provincially-deployed resources will be debriefed prior to demobilization and check-out from the incident.

The OFC and/or the requesting organization(s) will organize and conduct an After-Action Review (AAR) for all

major incidents following the standardized AAR format to analyze four key questions:

1. What did we set out to do?

▪ Purpose/goals of the mission and definition of success.

2. What actually happened?

▪ Establish the facts for both positive and negative.

3. Why did it happen?

▪ Analysis of cause and effect for both positive and negative.

4. What are we going to do next time?

▪ Solutions that are within your scope of control.

7.2 Structure Protection Program Operational Guidelines The Alberta Structure Protection Program Operational Guidelines are a living document and will be reviewed

on an annual basis by representatives from the Alberta Office of the Fire Commissioner, Alberta Wildfire

Management, and the Alberta Fire Chiefs Association. Feedback and recommendations from incident

debriefs and AAR’s will assist with program revisions. The revised version will be prepared and released

prior to March 1 of each year.


8. Appendices

APPENDIX I - PERSONNEL ROLES/RESPONSIBILITIES AND KIT LISTS

APPENDIX II - STRUCTURE PROTECTION PROGRAM TEMPLATES

APPENDIX III – OFC STRUCTURE PROTECTION RESOURCES DATABASE

Appendix I – Personnel Roles/Responsibilities and Kit Lists

STRUCTURE PROTECTION SPECIALIST (STPS)

STRUCTURE PROTECTION LEADER (STPL)

STRUCTURE PROTECTION MEMBER (STPM)

STRUCTURE PROTECTION SPECIALIST (STPS)

The Structure Protection Specialist (STPS) is responsible for the overall coordination and implementation

of the structure protection strategies and tactics in the incident action plan.

The Structure Protection Branch Director reports to the Operations Chief, Structure Protection

Division/Group Supervisors report to the Branch Director or the Operations Section Chief, and the

Structure Protection Technical Specialist reports to the Planning Section Chief.

Roles and Responsibilities

Obtain Briefing from Operations and/or Planning Section Chief.

▪ Receive incident briefing from Operations and/or Planning Section Chief. ▪ Obtain the incident action plan, when available. ▪ Obtain current situation status.

Provide Input to Operations and/or Planning Section Chief for the Incident Action Plan.

▪ Formulate tentative values at risk estimates and structure protection strategies and provide these to Operations and/or Planning Section Chief for consideration at the planning meeting.

▪ Provide structure protection advice to Operations and/or Planning Section Chief for consideration at the planning meeting.

▪ Attend planning meetings as requested. ▪ Participate in discussion of incident action plan alternatives. ▪ Make sure that logistics support activities are sufficient to support proposed operations within

the Branch. Perform Branch Operational Planning.

▪ Evaluate threat to values at risk based on current and expected fire behavior. ▪ Produce values at risk projections using best available techniques and transmit to Planning

Section Chief and Situation Unit. ▪ Complete structure triage assessments. ▪ Contact utility companies to advise on structure protection status and existing or potential

requirements. ▪ Establish triggers for commencement of impingement phase strategic procedures and

operations. ▪ Estimate number of resources required to provide adequate structure protection actions and

provide to Operations and/or Planning Section Chief for consideration. ▪ Develop adequate mapping displays for values at risk. ▪ Develop the Structure Protection Plan and review with Branch resources:

o Strategic procedures, strategies & tactics during pre-impingement, impingement, and post-impingement phases.

o Resources assigned to each Division/Group/Task Force/Strike Team. o Communications procedures. o Coordination of procedures between resources and between air and ground units. o Logistics support requirements.

▪ Complete structure damage assessments when necessary and document all information collected.

Update Branch Planning.

▪ Determine effectiveness of current Branch operations. ▪ Review current Branch and Air Operations activities with Division/Group Supervisors. ▪ Review fire behavior prediction information in the incident action plan. ▪ Estimate immediate and long-range Branch resource and logistical requirements. ▪ Compare current capabilities with future requirements. ▪ Within the scope of the current incident action plan, determine appropriate modifications to

current activities and implement. ▪ In other than emergency situations, if desired action cannot be accomplished within current

incident action plan, recommend to Operations Section Chief changes to current or future plans, along with estimates of additional resources required. In an emergency situation, if it is necessary to modify the incident action plan without prior operations approval, take appropriate action and then notify the Operations Section Chief.

Supervise Branch Activities.

▪ Maintain communications with Branch resources. ▪ Periodically check work progress on tasks assigned to Branch resources. ▪ Coordinate activities of Branch elements.

o Establish priorities and resolve problems. o Ensure that Division/Groups are maintaining communications with each other and Air

Operations. ▪ Provide for the safety and welfare of Branch personnel during the entire assignment.

o Recognize potentially hazardous situations. o Ensure all resources are briefed on potential hazards and safe work procedures.

▪ Ensure resource check-ins and resource status changes are transmitted to Resources Unit in a timely manner through appropriate channels.

▪ Ensure resource logistical support requests are coordinated through Branch. ▪ Review any accident and medical reports which originate within the Branch.

Report to Operations Section Chief on Branch Activities.

▪ Notify the Operations Section Chief upon occurrence of the following events: o Inability to meet the structure protection objectives of incident action plan. o Need to modify incident action plan and additional resources needed. o Surplus resources assigned to Branch. o Hazardous situations. o Significant events (e.g. injury).

o Provide briefings and updates to Emergency Coordination Centre(s), public meetings, and others as requested by the Operations Section Chief.

Coordinate with Air Operations.

▪ Determine ground to air communications channel assigned to Air Operations (as applicable). ▪ Review resource work assignments to determine specific areas or tasks involving direct

coordination between ground resource and air operations elements, as appropriate. ▪ Maintain communications with Air Operations to ensure effective joint operations.

Maintain & Submit Documentation.

▪ Collect and transmit all structure protection documentation (plans, maps, logs, photos) to the Documentation Unit, through Operations Section Chief, prior to demobilization.

STRUCTURE PROTECTION SPECIALIST (STPS) KIT LIST

Administration

▪ Structure Protection Program Templates o Structure Protection Resources Daily Time Ticket books o Structure Protection Daily Situation Report o Structure Protection Plan o Structure Damage Assessment

▪ Stationery Supplies (clipboard/notebook, paper, pens, highlighters, etc.) ▪ Emergency Response Guidebook ▪ Community Pre-Plan(s)

Personal Gear

▪ Fire-Resistant Clothing ▪ Hardhat ▪ Boots ▪ Gloves ▪ P-100 Filter Mask ▪ Googles ▪ Headlamp/Flashlight ▪ All-weather outer wear ▪ Clothing/Toiletries ▪ Tent ▪ Sleeping bag/foamy

Equipment

▪ 4WD Pickup truck ▪ Radio ▪ Cell phone ▪ Satellite phone ▪ GPS ▪ Digital camera ▪ Laptop and/or Tablet ▪ Portable printer ▪ Battery charger(s)/spare batteries ▪ Flagging ribbon

STRUCTURE PROTECTION LEADER (STPL)

The Structure Protection Leader is responsible for supervising and performing tactical assignments assigned to Structure Protection resources during the pre-impingement, impingement, and post-impingement phases. This includes provision of reports on work progress and resource status and maintaining work records on assigned personnel. The Structure Protection Leader may act in the role of Single Resource, Strike Team, or Task Force Leader and reports to a Structure Protection Branch Director or Division/Group Supervisor.


Obtain Briefing from Supervisor.

▪ Receive briefing and initial instructions concerning work assignments. ▪ Obtain the Incident Action Plan and Structure Protection Plan when available. ▪ Obtain structure triage information when available.

Plan and Implement Structure Protection Strategies and Tactics.

▪ Determine and implement structure & site preparation tactics for assigned values at risk. ▪ Assign tasks to subordinate personnel.

Monitor Work Progress When Necessary and Make Changes.

▪ Obtain information concerning progress on assigned tasks from subordinate personnel. ▪ Compare progress with assignments. ▪ Ensure general welfare and safety of personnel. ▪ Maintain communications with subordinates.

Determine Need for Assistance on Assigned Work Task(s).

▪ Identify need for assistance, appropriate corrective action, and any additional resources to complete the task.

▪ Coordinate with Supervisor and request assistance. Coordinate Activities with Adjacent Strike Teams/Tasks Forces and Single Resources.

▪ Identify resources working adjacent to, or coordinating with, Structure Protection from briefings and incident action plan.

▪ Determine communication channels assigned to adjacent resources from current incident action plan.

▪ Review assignment to determine specific areas or tasks involving coordination. ▪ Maintain communications with adjacent resources.

Submit Situation and Resource Status Information to Supervisor.

▪ Gather information to include in Situation report by monitoring work progress, personal observations, and reports from subordinates.

▪ Keep Supervisor informed of any significant change in incident or resource status. ▪ Inform Supervisor of any location changes within the Division/Group.

Report Special Events (e.g. Accidents, Sickness, etc.)

▪ Receive reports of events from Structure Protection personnel or personal observation of event. ▪ Obtain information concerning event by talking to involved personnel, or by personal

observation. o Nature of event. o Location. o Magnitude. o Personnel involved (name, organization, etc./do not report names, designators, or

organization over the radio). o Initial action taken. o Appropriate subsequent action.

▪ Request assistance required from the Supervisor or other organizational element, as appropriate (e.g. first aid from Medical Unit).

Maintain & Submit Documentation.

▪ Collect and transmit all structure protection documentation (plans, maps, logs, photos) to the Documentation Unit, through your supervisor, prior to demobilization.

STRUCTURE PROTECTION LEADER (STPL) KIT LIST

Administration ▪ Stationery Supplies (clipboard/notebook, paper, pens, highlighters, etc.) ▪ Emergency Response Guidebook

Personal Gear

▪ Turn-Out Gear (Fire Departments only) ▪ Fire-Resistant Clothing ▪ Hardhat ▪ Boots ▪ Gloves ▪ P-100 Filter Mask ▪ Googles ▪ Headlamp/Flashlight ▪ All-weather outer wear ▪ Clothing/Toiletries ▪ Tent ▪ Sleeping bag/foamy

Equipment

▪ Radio ▪ Cell phone ▪ GPS ▪ Digital camera ▪ Battery charger(s)/spare batteries

STRUCTURE PROTECTION MEMBER (STPM)

The Structure Protection Member is responsible for performing tactical assignments during the pre-impingement, impingement, and post-impingement phases. The Structure Protection Member reports to a Structure Protection Leader.


Obtain a Briefing from Supervisor.

▪ Receive briefing and instructions concerning work assignments. ▪ Obtain the Incident Action Plan and/or Structure Protection Plan when available.

Implement Structure Protection Strategies and Tactics.

▪ Pre-Impingement Phase - Implement structure/site preparation tactics as directed for assigned values at risk.

▪ Impingement Phase – Provide Structure Protection and/or Structure Suppression tactics as directed.

▪ Post-Impingement Phase – Provide overhaul/mop-up to impacted structures, conduct hotspot mop-up and extinguishment adjacent to structures, and demobilize all deployed equipment.

STRUCTURE PROTECTION MEMBER (STPM) KIT LIST

Personal Gear

▪ Turn-Out Gear (Fire Departments only) ▪ Fire-Resistant Clothing ▪ Hardhat ▪ Boots ▪ Gloves ▪ P-100 Filter Mask ▪ Googles ▪ Headlamp/Flashlight ▪ All-weather outer wear ▪ Clothing/Toiletries ▪ Tent ▪ Sleeping bag/foamy

Equipment

▪ Radio (if available) ▪ Battery charger(s)/spare batteries

Appendix II – Structure Protection Program Templates

STRUCTURE PROTECTION RESOURCE MANIFEST STRUCTURE PROTECTION RESOURCES DAILY TIME TICKET STRUCTURE PROTECTION DAILY SITUATION REPORT STRUCTURE TRIAGE ASSESSMENT STRUCTURE PROTECTION PLAN STRUCTURE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT

Structure Protection Resources Daily Time Ticket

This ticket must be completely filled out and submitted daily

Date:

Incident Number/Name: AB DLAN Ticket No:

Resource Provider Name:

Resource Provider Address:

Resource Provided (Apparatus, Personnel, Equipment, Other)

Start Time

Stop Time

Work Hours

Standby Hours

Work Performed:

Expenses Supplied by: Meals Accommodation Fuel Consumables Other (explain in Notes)

Requesting Organization

Resource Provider

Notes:

Resource Provider Representative OFC Representative

Sign:

Sign:

Print:

Print:

Position:

Position:

Phone:

Phone:

WHITE COPY – COMPANY SUBMIT WITH INVOICE YELLOW COPY – INCIDENT PINK COPY – LEAVE IN BOOK

Structure Protection Daily Situation Report

Email daily by 09:00 hours to [email protected]

Incident Information

Date/Time:

Incident Name/Number:

Structure Protection Specialist: (Name/Contact Number)

Values at Risk

Value Type Quantity Comments

Dwellings

Infrastructure

Commercial

Other

Resources On-Scene or Enroute

Resource

On-Scene Enroute Total

Apparatus (Engines, Water Tenders)

Structure Protection Units (SPU)

Personnel

Other (Specify)

Values Protection Strategies and Tactics

Completed Last Operational Period Planned for Next Operational Period

Structure Triage Assessment



Structure Name(s) Location (Address/Lat-Long):

Date Assessed:

Assessed By: (Name/Position/Contact No)

Triage Factors Comments

Firefighter Safety

Structure Characteristics

Surrounding Fuels

Fire Behaviour

Resources Available

Triage Category

Not Threatened

Threatened Defensible

Threatened Non-Defensible

Photos and/or Sketch

Structure Protection Plan – Location Name

Value

Name

Value

Type(s)

Location Access Strategic

Procedure

Tactics Resource(s) Water

Source

Hazards /

Comments

Communications Plan

Type Channel No.

Assigned To:

Command

Tactical - Name

Tactical – Name

Retreat & Return Triggers

Trigger

Action

Structure Protection Organization Chart

Insert Structure Protection Plan Map Here

Structure Damage Assessment



Structure Name(s)/Location:

Date Damaged:

Date Assessed:

Assessed By: (Name/Position/Contact No)

Damage Assessment Information

Damaged Destroyed Comments

Photos and/or Sketch

Appendix III – OFC Structure Protection Resources Database

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