american organized crime in the 20 th century. organized crime defining organized crime activities...
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American Organized Crime in
the 20th Century
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Organized Crime
• Defining organized crime• Activities• Combating Organized Crime• Prohibition and Al Capone• Kefauver Hearings of 1950-1952• McClellan Hearings of 1963• Organized Crime Control Act of 1970
– RICO– Witness Protection Program
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Defining Organized Crime
• No official definition has been offered for two reasons
1. A definition may be too narrow
2. A definition may be too wide
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Chief activities of organized crime
1. Drug trafficking
2. Illegal gambling
3. Loan sharking
4. Labor racketeering
5. Corruption of public officials
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Combating Organized Crime
• Organized crime was difficult to combat in the early 20th Century because it was not considered a national issue
• Early attempts at combating organized crime failed
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Prohibition and Al Capone
• Prohibition caused the greatest growth in organized crime activity ever seen in the U.S.
• Al Capone’s empire was responsible for an amazing amount of violence and corruption
• Eliot Ness and the “Untouchables”• Capone’s fall and repeal of Prohibition
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Kefauver Hearings of 1950-1952
• First major committee centered on organized crime
• Had high-profile mob figures present
• Helped the federal government better recognize targets
• Led to McClellan Hearings
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McClellan Hearings of 1963
• Featured Joseph Valachi, who first publicized the term “La Cosa Nostra”– Valachi described the organization of the
Mafia– Led to models of organized crime as a
bureaucracy being presented
• Resulted in more effort from the federal government to pass legislation
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Organized Crime Control Act of 1970
• The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act was a helpful, but confusing tool– United States v. Turkette
• Witness Protection Program– Offers informer alternatives other than jail or
the streets– Responsible for bringing down America’s
most recent notable Mafia figure
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Conclusion