ابدأ دائما والنهاية أمام عينيك

ابدأ دائما والنهاية أمام عينيك

How to Prepare the Literature CitedHow to Prepare the Literature Cited"References""References"

Journal Abbreviations.• Journal of American Chemical Society

J. Amer. Chem. Soc.

• “ology” abbreviated at the “l”

Bacteriology Bacteriol .

• One-word titles (Science, Nature, etc.) are never abbreviated.

General Rules:• More than two authors (et al.).• Accepted references but not published, “in

press”.

• Submitted references but not yet accepted “unpublished observations”.

• More than one paper for the same author in the same year, we add a letter a, b or c to the year. Example: 1999a, 1999b.

• The references are arranged alphabetically according to the family name of the author (Harvard).

Types of references:• Journals.• Books.• Agency publications.• Newspaper article.• Magazine article.• Thesis.• Internet.

How to write a reference?

Text-bookText-bookA) Personal Author:Author. Book title. Edition (if not the first edition), reprint of relevant City: Publishers` name in full, year; pages (Vancouver).

Example:Example:Murray, J.W.. Ecology of benthic

Foraminifera. London: Longman Group UK Limited, 1991, 270 p.

How to write a reference? Text-bookText-book

Author, ed. Book title. Edition (if not the first edition), reprint of relevant City: Publishers` name in full, year; pages. ExampleExample

Rhodes, A. and Saito, C., eds. Textbook of Petrology. 5th ed., Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1968, 330p.

B) Editor as Author:

Text-bookText-bookC) Chapter in Book:

Chapter author. . Title of Chapter. In: . In: Editor names (eds.), (eds.), Book title. . Edition (if not the first), reprint of relevant City: : Publisher's name in full, ,

year; pages.year; pages. Example:Example:

Harper, J. Genetics and Genodermatoses. In: Rook, A.; Wilkinson, D.; and Ebling, F. (eds.) Textbook of Dermatology. Sixth edition. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1998: 357.

2- A journal:2- A journal:Standard Journal Article Author’s name. Full title of article. Name of journal, year; volume: number, first page-last page.

Example:Example:Liu, C. Evolutionary radiation of planktic

foraminifera. J. Foram. Res., 1992, 22:(2), 62-104.

2- A journal:2- A journal:Author not Known

We place the term Anonymous instead of the name of the authors.

Anonymous. Full title of article. Name of journal, year; volume (number): pages.

Example:Example:Anonymous. . Foraminiferal genera and their

classification. Cush. Cont. Foram. Res., 1976; 1976; 5: : 224-245.

3- A Thesis:3- A Thesis:

Candidate’s name. Title of the thesis. Ph.D or M.S. Thesis. Name of the University, Name of the faculty, year: pages.

Example:Example:

Barakat, B. Histological changes in the liver and kidney of rabbits after the intake of heavy metals. M.S. Thesis. Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, 1987: 24-41. (or 212p.)

44 - -Internet:Internet:

Author’s name. Title of the article. Web name. Time. Date.