1 industrialization samuel bassetto – w04/2007 management lessons

Industrialization

Samuel Bassetto – W04/2007

Management lessons

Foreword

Industrial Point of view

Production system architecture

Design management

Industrial development strategy

Operational management & logistics

Industrialization

RexRex

Product/process integration

Supply chain definition

Foreword

A Product production lifecycle

Product production

Foreword

Product design

Product industrialization

Production dismantelment

ForewordC

stomer

Satisfaction

Offer creation process

Internalservices

Strategical vision process

Offer building process

ISystem

Financial

Ressources

Extract from norm AFNOR X50-176

Change and continuous improvement process

Industrialization

Problems, methods and tools for mastering this transfert

Foreword

Foreword, Small survey (1/2) – about french lessons… (1/2)

Lessons about industrialization

UTC –> more focused on quality

Produit-process

Télécom

Industrialization engineer is in charge of definition and optimization of the product manufacturing plan so as achieving cost, cycle time, quantity and quality objectives.

Academic Point of view

Foreword, Small survey – about employment… (2/2)

• Turbo méca SERAP

Coordinate, master non conformities, project leader,

methodologic support, be the quality referent…

Industrial project, industrial assessment, process

definition, supply chain definition, coordination

W52-06Cadremploi : 19636 Jobs& 228 for ‘industrialisation’Industrialization has a real impact as key word.

Ressources POV

Foreword A multi competences man !

• Being able to dialog with several partners: Control risks, @ the interface of production, process, planification, supply chain, quality marketing (for demand analysis).

• Required to know how to manage a project, design an organization and drive it

• Personal behavior : manage the complexity, be the interface man !

Ressources

Foreword, a multiple scope domain

• Several views about industrialization

New product ramp-up

Project management

Quality management

Supply chain management

Logistic Mgt

Information system

Management

Facilities layout

Environment Mgt

Cycle time Mgt

Risk Mgt Eco.Industrialization

Outline – WOQIE

What is industrialization ?

Organization and industrialization

Quality and industrialization

Information systems and industrialization

Engineering for industrializationRisk management :

the red line of

this presentation

• The massive deployment with same caracteristics.

• Some numbers in metallurgy industries:– The COREX process (Kohl Reduction)

• Laboratory researches : 1977-1981• Pilot plant: 1981 – 1986 (5-> 10T/h but not continuous

process)• Prototype pilot plant: 1987 – 1999 (2000t/day)• 1995 -2001: 6 plant (Korea, South africa, India)• C3000 plant for bulgaria

1 process – full test and deployment: 24 years & 10 plants !

• Some numbers in service organisation:– A law is adopted : each person can benefit

of the RMI (french accronym for Minimal Social Income)

• Grow up from 0 to 17000 peoples in a dep. 79 ~ peoples to help per working day (217d/y in France)

• Some numbers in cinematography industry:– 1 Best seller film: ~15M€ -’part vite reviens tard’

• 3MP see it in 3 Months • Mean projection room size : 300seats 3334 rooms

associated to this film to achieve this goal and produce :• CA = ~21M€• η = 40% of benefits in 3 months

How to pass from 0 to 3334 rooms, attract and manage 3MP ?

• Some numbers in semiconductor industries:– A new technology each 2 years. – 1 technology cost ~ 1b$– 1 technology involve ~500 engineers in

project mode– Production window: from only 2y up to 5 years.– Yield of the first silicon: less than 50%– Reach a stable prod @ a scrap rate : 2% + yield

@ 75%– Decrease wafer from 10k$ to 0,5k$

industrialization

Production size

Launch, 1 year

Maturation 1 year

Production, 2 years

Stop, 3 years

YieldProduction volume max

Stakes

Launch Maturation Production Transfert and stop

Some curves in semiconductor industries

• In electrical industry:– One new product generation– 2 years of development (Engineering)– 30 Development engineers– Ramp-up after prototype tests.

Cf lessons provided by schneider …

Some characteristics:

• A massive deployment

• A project from design to full production

Some questions:

• A process ? (processus in french)

• A Workflow ?

Litterature review:

• French authors:– Auroy, processus d’industrialisation– Dal Pont, l’entreprise industrielle(techniques de l’ingénieur)

• International contributors: – Terwiesch & al : International product tranfert and production

ramp up: a case study from data storage industry(R&D Management)– Lieven, Demeester, Mei Qi, Managing learning ressources

for consecutive product generations(Int. Journal of Production Economics)

Our definition, in this lesson:

Industrialization is the transfert process from the offer design business process to the offer realisation business process

stomer

Satisfaction

Internalservices

Strategical vision process

ISystem

Financial

Ressources

Extract from norm AFNOR X50-176

Change and continuous improvement process

I ndustrialization

Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert

I ndustrialization

A particular process:– In chemical industries:

– In metallurgical industries:(1) Assess the issue of the innovation versus existing process(2) Define and validate the process on small scale.(3) Select technologies(4) Monitor industrial pilot with integrated steps(5) Monitor process on a demonstration unit(6) Install and adjust the target production facility

I ndustrialization

A particular process:– In automotive suppliers industry:

• P4: Concept• P3: Prototype• P2: Process Plan - proto• P1: Industrial Developement• Production – P0

I ndustrialization

A particular process:– In automotive suppliers industry:

I ndustrialization

Development of« products and standard generic designs »

Realization of« customer specific applications»

Production...

« Technical investigation »About a predefined theme.

• Semiconductor industries

Blank wafers Mask production

Front-End Manufacturing:

• Integrated circuit

• Intermediate tests

Back-End Manufacturing :

• Assembly

• Final tests

I ndustrialization

Volume production – Productio

transfert

Prototypes & risked production

Process plan frozen

Progressive stop

Our intervention area

Preliminary analysis

Launch Maturation Production Stop

Technology life cycle

Development Validation Qualification

–In semiconductor industries:

Tests - DOE

• Other possibles designations for maturation stage: – Project inition– Feasability studies– Preliminary projects– Base engineering

• Maturation industrialization

• The path from the stabilised idea, product detail design to its mass production.

• Several stakes:– Cost– Quality– Cycle time manuf

& delivery– Environment– Ethics

• Management principle:– Drive with the final, operational dash board

ECycle time, Delivery Quality, non conformities…

• Management principle:– Achieve targets, changing mentality and behavior

at least toward the product by ramping the production up.

– A systematic approach declined for each indicator:• Cycle time: attacking each pocket of wasted time during

the production.• Quality: their is no more place for raw quality, non quality• Cost: each island of spending has to be reduce• Environment: No ecological fingerprint is allowable• Ethic: Each behavior must be in line with organization

ethical principle.

Risk management :

the red line of

this presentation

• Management principle:– Manage risks, each failure mode producing the

non achievement of each goal.– The CARAS method:

• Collect.• Analyse off line. • manage Risks.• Analyse on Line. • Synthetis.

• Management principle:– Adopt a breaktrhough method: PDCA /

DMAICS

Abb. 1 Kroll, © Heinz-Werner Engel, Brüssel

Outline – WOQIE

Engineering for industrialization Risk management :

the red line of

this presentation

Organization & industrialization

One leader Group dedicated for the maturation (sometime reduced

@ leader) Project organization

Technology n life cycle

Organization realistic

• Structure of the engineering staff in project mode– A project leader– A product leader– An industrialization group

• Main scope: get the process more robust for achieving operational goals (time, cycle time, quality)

Leader recognized person in the orga (charismatic?), transversal function

Groupe member; able to follow methods, like to work in group, positive action in the group

Member profile

• Members skills:– Product– Process– Quality (DOC +Control & measurement )– Reliability– Supply chain– Risk management– Cost

Transfert sustained by the organization Poor tooling

Shuffle information sharing !

Technology n+2 life cycle

Launch Maturation ProductionPossible organization :

Launch Maturation Production

Possible organization: essaim in the organization, the industrialization group

• Organizational learning– Main question: how organize the fine

tuning of process/product/ressources so as achieving quickly operational goals.

• Feedback organization: how to reuse event (positive and negative ones) to improve p-p-r)

For negative events– Preliminary Risk Analysis– Bad Event data collection– Risk reevaluation– Action management driven by risk analysis

• Knowledge update

UpdateFAB IN PROCESS

FAB EVENTS : * CHANGES* CORRECTIVE ACTIONS REQUEST* Process Control Issue

Risk analysis

Action plan

Control Plan

Risk documents

-FMEA-udate

Applies on

control

Information on risks

Reading sens

Risk management processes audit (1/3)

• Audit Conclusions:• 5 procedures of risks managment held by 5 different

organizationsIntegration, quality, production, engineering, maintenance

• 5 structrures based on the same model: Collect/Record the risk, Manage the risk investigate, synthesis

• All these procedures are isolated from each others insterad of being linked !

• Experts are thinking that

Extract from the Preliminary analysis of a tool

1 occurrence MAX par an !

Organization and Industrialization

• Facts Underline an other reality for the « Wafer aligner » element

3 occurrences over 13 weeks 12 per year: If FMEA have been updated RPN ranking

grow up from 10 to 25

‘OCC’ will pass from 2 to 5

• Knowledge update

UpdateFAB IN PROCESS

FAB EVENTS : * CHANGES* CORRECTIVE ACTIONS REQUEST* Process Control Issue

Risk analysis

Action plan

Control Plan

Risk documents

-FMEA-udate

Applies on

control

Information on risks

Reading sens

• Feedback organization: how to reuse event (positive and negative ones) to improve p-p-r)

For positive events– Preliminary best practice analysis– Good news data collection– Analysis & best practice update– Practice Update => trims software – chk lst

• Trims exampleW

• Change Management organization– Each change must be systematically

analysed– Validation group– One member sign for one operational goal– Risk analysis for the change

– Objective : decrease the number of changes

• Change Management organization– @ least : a check list

31 Quality32 Cost33 Cycle Time34 Environment35 Other (safety, facilities)

41Can the change be or induce a failure mode ofthe object ?

42Can the change be or induce a failure causeof the object ?

43Can the change modify the detection ofobject's risks ?

44For each of these points evaluate risksranking with {Q,Ct,C,E} grids

What are risks linked andinduced by the change ? /evaluation through the look at :

Description of the concernedobject

Description of the change

How will the change modifycurrents object's risks and theirranking ?

(before / after analysis)4

Risks before

Risksafter

• Change Management organizationW

What are risks linked and induced by the change ? / evaluation through the look at :

3) Put new risks induced by the change. Evaluate risks for at least :Quality, Cycle time, Cost, Environment.

Current Controls Detection =

What can detect the failure mode or effect

Actual risk

Item/Function

(Potential) Failure Mode =

Way the function goes wrong

(Potential) Effects of Failure =

Impact of malfunction

(Potential Cause) Mechanism of Failure =

Root cause

Type (quality, cycle time, cost, environemental,

Current Controls Prevention =

What prevent the root cause to occur ?

What are risks linked and induced by the change ? / evaluation through the look at :

4) If a risk analysis exists, please, put a copy in this form and put the mention "Before"

5) For each of these line, evaluate risks after the change will occurs and put the mention "After"

Evaluate risks for at least : 41 Can the change be or induce a failure mode of the object ?

Quality, Cycle time, Cost, Environment. 42 Can the change be or induce a failure cause of the object ?43 Can the change modify the detection of object's risks ?44 For each of these points evaluate risks ranking with {Q,Ct,C,E} grids

Actual risk

Before or after change

Type (quality, cycle time, cost, environemental,

Item/Function

(Potential) Failure Mode =

Way the function goes wrong

(Potential) Effects of Failure =

Impact of malfunction

(Potential Cause) Mechanism of Failure =

Root cause

Current Controls Prevention =What prevent the root cause

to occur ?

Current Controls Detection = What can detect the failure

mode or effect ?

Risks before

Risksafter

Responsible & Target

Completion Date

Forcasted Risk actions

Actions taken& Effective Date

Recommended Actions (Action

complete ?)

• Operation management;– Drive with final dashboard – Cpk !

• Operation management;– Drive with final dashboard – OOC !

FAB OOC PERCENTAGE

W12 W13 W14 W15 W16 W17 W18 W19 W20 W21 W22 W23 W24 W25 W26 W27 W28 W29

Action

plantarge

TIME LINE• On a daily basis

– Exploitation Meeting– Production meeting– Non conformity management– Operational goal analysis & review

• On a weekly basis– Non conformity management– Scrap management – review and analysis– Customer claim review and analysis– Change management review– Operational goal review (more synthetic) – OOC, CT– Industrialization project review (in technical group)

• On a monthly basis - Management– Operational Goal monthly agregated – Cpk, CT, SCRAP…– Industrialization process status

Outline – WOQIE

the red line of

this presentation

The control system - a complex system

Control system

Product

ToolsManufactu

ring process

Several aspects of the control

Control system

Production control exist Non connected tools

Indicator manageme

Change management

Investigations

Automation and measures

Statistical Control

Risks analysis

Product

ToolsManufactu

ring process

Status :

Quality & industrialization

Control system

Indicator manageme

Change management

Investigations

Automation and measures

Statistical Control

Risks analysis

Product

ToolsManufactu

ring process

Complex interactions

Links not mastered Links control done project after projects

Status :

What we know

• To have a control by expertise poles• To structure and monitor the life cycle of a technology• To control the technology transfer with the organization• To be Reactive

Improvement ways

• To have a big picture of interactions• Support:

– interactions – Process control evolutions– Transfert master from a technology to another

• Be Proactive

• Specification limits & configuration– 1 technology T => several products, A, B– 1 specification set for 1 technology T– Several product configurations => Cpk

Degradation, need to update specs @ each configuration

• Specification limits & configurationW

Same specifications than T however

specific distributions A & B

Cp = 1,33

Cpk = 1,24

Cp = 4

Cpk = 0,78

Cp = 9

Cpk = -0,74

Config A

Config B

Techno T

• Specification limits & regular reviewW

Same specifications during industrialization, no regular review:

No prevention of drift, better understanding the process but no prevention of drifts

Cp = 1,33

Cpk = 1,24

FL: First lot Milestone 2 Milestone 3 Milestone 4

Cpk = 2 Cpk = 6 Cpk = 10,56

• Specification limits & regular reviewW

• ∞ failure modes number :• Failure modes come from a preliminary risk analysis

This is the Production point of view

Actual risk

Potential Cause/ Mechanism of Failure

Item/Function Potential Failure Mode Potential Effects of

Failure Recommended Actions

Current Controls Prevention

Current Controls Detection

Risk actions

Prod operation

Thickness too low

Yield loss Equipment drift

2 SPC, PT Parameter

FDC on tool

All steps Defectivity

Residues and/or particles affecting via or line continuity--> Yield loss

6 RF 4Bi-weekly monitoring

In-line defectivity after every CMP level (line continuityES25 inspection after M2 CMP (via continuity)

All steps Defectivity

Residues and/or particles affecting via or line continuity--> Yield loss

6 Temperature 2Bi-weekly monitoring

In-line defectivity after every CMP level (line continuityES25 inspection after M2 CMP (via continuity)

All steps UnderetchVia resistance OOSYield loss

Metalic contamination due to gasket corrosion 4 None 8 192

1/ Gasket wo Nickel2/ APC implemented

All steps UnderetchVia resistance OOSYield loss

Metalic contamination due to gasket corrosion 2

Gasket without Nickel

1/ Gasket wo Nickel2/ APC implemented 6 72

FDC to be implemented on lot

FMEAFMEA

• Control main issue

Expression in the risk template : for SPC approach

• For 1 item function : 3 associated failure modes :– Variable too low

– Variable too high

– Variable gradien (temporal or surfacic) Toward an AUTOMATIC RISK ANALYSIS UPDATE

This is the Designer point of view

Actual risk

Risk actions

PT Variable to control

OOC Product impact, increase scrap rate

7 Tbd ?

TBD PT 6

Main issue for linking risks and manufacturing ctrl plan

Analysis is not performed Link does not exist between product FMEA and product control plan Customers get quality parameters and poduct risks analysis and can

challenge on that point

Actual risk

Completion Date

Forcasted

Risk actions

Prod operation Thickness too low

Yield loss Equipment drift

2 SPC, PT Parameter

FDC on tool

Actual risk

Completion Date

Forcasted

Risk actions

PT Variable to control

OOC Product impact, increase scrap rate

7 Tbd ?

TBD PT 6

Are our control plan coherent toward customers needs ?

Main issue for linking risks and manufacturing ctrl planW

• What is f ?

Process

Measured Inputs: I

(Prod operation)

Measured Outputs: O

(Product parameters)

Measured Internal Variables: V

(control parameters)O = f(I,V)

• Control limits– In the ramp up phase, contradiction with

configurations management and control sets

• Design of experiment– Need to employ Design of experiment to

define :• Key characteristics• Set points

• Sampling plan– Sampling size by lot (number of lot

between 2 measures)– Sampling size within a lot (number of

product measures in a lot)– Sampling size for a measurement on a

product (number of measures on a product)

• Non conform production & customer claim control– At least set an organization:

• to record• to analyze• to perform action plan

– Sometimes add also the• Action control

?? PDCA ?? Improvement way ?

• A systematic resolution problem methodEg : 8D– 1D: Define the team– 2D: Describe the problem– 3D: Secure the « customer » – 4D: Find Root causes (5 why + Bibliography)– 5D: List possibles actions– 6D: Choose actions– 7D: Perform Actions and control it– 8D: Close, share knowledge and thank the group

• Configuration management, diversity and quality

• Management rules:– Be in a paranoïac mode !– Implement CARAS-A

Outline – WOQIE

the red line of

this presentation

• Several level of information management:– Non conformities– Customer reclaim– Scrap management– Manufacturing process plan– Operational recipes– Change requests & orders– Problem solving methods

Information system & industrialization

• Information pattern for non conformities management

Non conformity detection

•Product number

•Lot number

•Date

•Operator

•Tool involved / Workshop / Area

•Description

•Category

•Type

• Information pattern for Scrap management

•Product number

•Lot number

•Date of scrap

•Operator - engineer

•Tool involved / Workshop / Area

•Description

•Category

• From non conformity to scrap a product state…

Non conform productEvent

(tool break down, detection, OOS…)

Minor faultMajor fault

Analysis

Customer agreement

Production release

• Information pattern for Customer claimsW

1st AnalysisClaims recording

Action Plan Analysis

Financial feedback

Customer report

Agreement END

• Automatic management of manufacturing process plan Manufacturing Execution System

• MES:W

• Automatic management of operation recipes

Without Recipe

management

Automatic recipe

loading, based on a local setting and storage

1) recipe for validation

2) Local modification without control

3) Loading of an uncontrolled recipe

300Works BrookAutom

WorkStream…

Automatic recipe

loading, based on a

remote setting and

storage1) recipe for validation

2) Local modification without control

3) Loading of an remote controlled recipe

4) Local mode for tests only !!!!

Any remote change need a validation

cycle !!

Outline – WOQIE

Engineering for industrializationRisk management :

the red line of

this presentation

• No normalized approach• Several practices, linked @ engineering

societies (SETEC, SAMES, BTP societes…) – 3, 4, 5 phases…

• Several actors :– Prime Contractor / , Suppliers, Process

Licence

The engineering project

• Main milestones:– Supplier choice in an international context– Financial investment: THE DO decision– Project financial control– Project review

• Main issues for you:– Coordinates contractors– Perform contract

• Definitions:– Basic Engineering for a plant project is the

information set about process and project planning so that an senior prime contractor can detail and drive the project until the first run of the production unit.

• At the end of the Basic Engineering stage: 1 document• Possible Structure /

– Introduction• Goals of the document• Langage and standard units• Contractuel boundaries

– Main work• Process description and particular operation conditions• Operatory conditions• Building sketch• List of process equipments• Piping, water, air, energy• Facilities layout• Control, regulation, electricity• Civil engineering drawing & plan• Operatory manual• Security sketch• Environmental sketch

– Basic Engineering

• Milestone : Decision of investment ! -> no way to get back again

– Detailled Engineering• Complete study and final implantation

– A process in the chemical industry:W

Process block diagram

Process functional block diagram

Functional Process Specifications

Process Time based diagram

– Process detailled designW

Start from Basic

engineering doc

Detail each process

measures, control and

Detailled design for each part

– Detailled implementation design and plansW

Facility layout

2D implementatio

n plans

– Detailled implementation design and plansW

Isometric Piping

Isometric view of

the installati

– Risks analysis MUST be done jointly with the process development

• A possible time lineW

Process licence

Eqt Supplier

Assembly

Exploit.

Full Built OutAssembly & 1st run

Detailed Engineering

Basic engineering

prime contractor=MOE

Contracting Owner =MOA

• Our point of view:– Schematic design– Basic engineering– Detail Engineering– Full Built Out– Tests & plant project closure

• A possible project plant site organisation:W

Contracting owner

PrimeContractor

Project Manager

Plant site

Quality

Planning

Process Eng.

Spe. Studies

Design

Logistic

Suppliers

Process

Quality

Security

Logistic

Planing

• Contract types:W

Responsability of contracting

Responsabilityh of the Prime Contractor

contract

Joined

developmentPeople

disposition

Project case

• Enterprise collaboration– Horizontal: integration between project

manager and contracting owner (Join Venture, Economic Cluster (GIE in French…)

– Vertical: integration with a process owner

• Industrialization : From work preparation and a two stage learning

program

• A facility installation program– Preparation of work – Off line learning (R&D, Engineering training…)

• A learning environment to create– On line learning (Operational Goals risks prevention &

mitigation)

• Multi point of view issues

Thank you for the audienceOffer creation process

I ndustrialization

Outline – WOQIE

Engineering for industrialization

Learning curves Risk management :

the red line of

this presentation

Learning Curves

• When new productions are set up:– Bad first lots– Production time decrease with time (sooner or

later) through a learning process– Learning curves captures this wishdom in roughly

following equation:

Nttn 1

ti = time to produce the nth lot

N: number of cumulated product

Alpha: process specific parameter

Learning Curves

• Main issues:– Define learning speed– Predict learning shape– Find influent factors

Learning Curves

• Several scenarios for quality managment:

Case 1Case 2

Case 3 Case 4

Learning Curves

• A more realistic scenario:W

Case 6

People empowerme

NC management

system Continuous improvement

groupe

Huge scrap

Decrease of

workload

Learning Curves

• Litterature review:– An old, but still active research way:

• 1st study in 1930’s in the airframe industry:T.P. Wright, Factors affecting the cost of airplanes, Journal of the Aeronautical

Sciences 3 (1936) 122–128.• 5 general categories:

– Learning curves researches– Function-based learning studies– Analytical learning theories– Learning microstructures qstudies– Organizational learning theory

David M. Upton (a), Bowon Kim (b) Alternative methods of learning and process improvement in Manufacturing Journal of Operations Management 16 (1998) 1-20

a Harvard Business School, Soldiers Field, Boston, MA 02163, USAb Grad. School of Mgmt., Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,

Seoul 130-012, Korea

Learning Curves

• Stakes in an international competition:– Need to learn faster than competitors– Stakholders go to the more profitable in a short

term period !– Customers preferences goes to the cheaper, faster

and best in quality !

Eg. NXP stakholders strategy… compete with TSMC & CR2 Alliance => TSMC is best in class => joint venture with it.

Outline – WOQIE

Learning curves

Layouts

Risk management :

the red line of

this presentation

4 majors layout issues

• Facilities location• Facility layout (department placement)• Department (workshop) layout• Office layout

• Facilities locationW

Which is the best position for maximizing 'incomes' – delivery, service... ?

• Facility layoutW

KE F J

C LG I M

A R S T U

p il ie r

zone de p rob lèm e

• Department layout:– Facilities pattern (U-shape, O-shape Job

shop, Flow shop)

M agasin L ivra isons

Z one d 'essa is R écep t ion

C om m + L iv

S tock p rodu its f in is

L igne A v ions p lanneurs

R ebus

L igne U F O

Z one de pause

L igne H é licop tè res

sens des tou rnées M A D C

• Department layout:– Facilities pattern (U-shape, O-shape Job

shop, Flow shop)

Z one d 'essa is R écep t ion M agas in L ivra isons R ebusC om m + L iv S tock s p rodu its

f in is

A ssem b lage A graphageP liage 1 P liage 3

P liage 2 P liage 4Z one de pause

P e in tu re C o llage / S co tch B ancs de test

Z one des ou t i ls

E m p lacem en t K A N B A N

sens des tou rnées M A D C

• Workoffice layoutW

Outline – WOQIE

Learning curves

Layouts

Supply Chain design

Risk management :

the red line of

this presentation

Supply chain design

• Supply chain designW

suppliers

manufacture stock custome

contracting supplier / Location / intermediate & final stocks/ transport mode (frequency, quantity, ways,...)

1 industrialization samuel bassetto – w04/2007 management lessons

industrialization slide

industrialization quality

industrialization engineering

industrialization utc

ressources slide

academic point of view

presentation woqiewoqie

process definition

Documents

t&c promofolder w04 fr

introduction à lintelligence artificielle 2007 – khaled...

présenation gdrmacs-ims2 samuel bassetto le 10 juin 2010 1

1 analyse et gestion des risques w03 – 2008 – samuel...

fortran tutorial w04

nordic w04

profa. me. marivete bassetto de quadros1 jacarezinho – pr...

w04 delays and system archetypes

w04 transistors and applications -...

w04 migration management solutions

lect w04 chp 04a prolog

profª. dra. joscely maria bassetto galera cefet-pr

sumÁrio coordenação geral: filipe bassetto – py2tdx

trends. textures. colours. - designonesource...wa12 w04...

w04 markery genetycznematgen.pl/p3 biologia molekularna/w04...

bassetto 2001 elementos de filolog rom p.17-42

t&c promofolder w04 nl

colours. gamme de stock. stockgamma. textures. · 2018. 11....

w04 d01 lab computational methods

w04 project initiation - csd.uoc.gr