100 200 300 400 500 polymers amino acids proteincho lipids nucleic acids
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Polymers
Amino Acids
Protein
CHO Lipids Nucleic Acids
The repeating units of a polymer that serve as the individual building blocks.
Monomers
The individual units of a polymer are connected by this reaction.
Dehydration or Condensation
Reaction
Polymers are disassembled by this reaction or the
addition of water.
Hydrolysis
The polymer usually found to contain the element
Nitrogen.
Proteins
During the dehydration reaction, this is given off.
Water (H2O)
The monomers of carbohydrates.
monosaccharides
C6H12O6
Glucose
The simplest carbohydrates.
sugars
The type of bond that forms by dehydration in
carbohydrates.
Glycosidic linkage
The three storage polysaccharides.
Starch, Glycogen, &
Cellulose
The central carbon of an amino acid.
carbon
The side chain of an amino acid.
R group
These amino acids contain the element sulfur.
cysteine & methionine
Amino acids are joined together by dehydration
reactions forming this bond.
Peptide bond
Which amino acid lacks an asymmetric carbon?
glycine
The unique sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Primary Structure
A slight change in this structure of a protein can
lead to mutations like sickle-celled hemoglobin.
Primary structure
Helix or pleated sheet
Secondary structure
Formed when two cysteine amino acids are brought in
close together by the folding of a protein.
Disulfide bridge
Clustering of hydrophobic R groups away from water.
Hydrophobic interactions and van der Waals interactions
The trait that is shared by all lipids.
They have little or no affinity for
water.
A long carbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end.
Fatty acid
A fat is constructed of two kinds of smaller molecules:
Glycerol and fatty acids
A fat that has double bonds along its carbon chains.
unsaturated
The compound that has a phosphate and two fatty acid
chains attached to the glycerol molecule.
phospholipid
The process by which DNA copies itself.
replication
Pyrimidines
Cytosine, thymine, uracil
purines
Adenine & guanine
In 1951, the structure of DNA was found to be this.
Double helix
The difference between deoxyribose and ribose
An oxygen atom located on carbon 2 of
deoxyribose.
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