5 ron cohen thailand compatibility mode

Introducing grafted cucurbitsto modern agriculture:The Israeli experience

Ron Cohen

Section of Cucurbit ResearchSection of Cucurbit Research

Newe Newe Ya’arYa’ar Research Center, Research Center,

IsraelIsrael

What is grafting ?

Uniting of two living plant parts so that they grow as a single plant

Methyl bromideMethyl bromide

Grafted vegetables in Israel

Tomato Cucurbits

Melon WatermelonCucumber

Soil-borne diseases – Fusarium, Mpnosporascus,MacrophominaMacrophomina

Response to insects and nematodesSalinity and marginal water

Rootstock breeding

Agro-technology and yield – Fruit qualityRootstock- scion compatibility

Soil-borne diseases

Grafted Non grafted

GraftedNon-grafted

Watermelon Vine DeclineWestern Galilee

Macrophomina phaseolina

Monosporascus cannonballus

Newe Ya’ar Research Center

Macrophomina land

Northern Valleys

Is it profitable growing grafted melons in mid-summerfor the local market ?

Transplants Prices:

Non-grafted : 0.35 NIS

Grafted : 2.5 NIS

Above GraftDistant from Graft

Mixture of Fusarium sp. and

Macrophomona phaseolina

Root Scion

שדה יעקב–מלון מורכב על כנת דלעת 2006ספטמבר

Sdee Yaacov 2006

Yie

ld (

kg/D

)

a

aa

a

a

aa

b

6405 Eyal

Stand (cm)

Yie

ld (

kg/D

)

b

Monosporascus land

Jordan“Zohar” experiment station

‘Ein tamar

Melon physiological collapse at ‘En TamarSpring, 2000

35404550

Co

lla

pse

in

cid

ence

TRELLISED

PROSTRATE

05

1015202530

Co

lla

pse

in

cid

ence

(%)

non grafted melon-melon melon-Cucurbita

-Melon grafted onto rootstocks from Newe Ya’ar breeding program (#18 and 34) did not collapse when grown trellised.

-Melon yield was 60% higher as compared to non-grafted melons.

-The yield was 30% significantly higher compared to melon plants grafted onto the currently used commercial rootstock.

60

Accumulative yield - saline water (EC 4.2)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

90 110 130 150 170 190

Yie

ld (

Kg

/plo

t)

Days from planting

18

34

TZ-148

control

A

AB

BC

C

The two step selection

Spring

Adapting grafted melons to trellised cultivation

Non-grafted

Second Fruit Wave First Fruit Wave

(

Grafted

Second Fruit WaveFirst Fruit Wave

Stress conditions

21.2.2002

Boron 10 mg/l

13.3.2002

Boron absorption

Non-grafted

y = 2.6252e

R2 = 0.9338

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

Grafted

y = 2.8602e

R2 = 0.8038

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

B in

leav

es (

mg

/l)

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

0.25 0.8 2.5 5 10

B in irrigation water (mg/l)

B in

leav

es

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

0.25 0.8 2.5 5 10

B in irrigation water (mg/l)

B in

leav

es (

mg

/l)

Fruit quality

Mini- watermelon

Incompatibility,

water uptakewater uptake

Arava non-grafted

Arava / RS 60

Physiological

incompatibility

Non grafted

Arava Valley summer 2003

Grafted

Anatomical Examination of Grafting Site

62/ערבה 11 days post grafting 14 days post grafting

Effect of TIBA (200 ppm) on the development of

Arava melon grafted on the Cucurbita rootstock RS 62

IAA

IAA

Compatible Incompatible

Root growth

Ethylene induction

ROS production

Root death

Ethylene induction

ROS production

Antioxidation

system

genes ?

genes ?

genes ?

*

*

*