ตำนานเครื่องดับเพลิง

(Fire Extinguisher)

Legend of Fire Extinguisher

..1905

( )

(Hose) (Nozzle)

2 (StoredPressure) (Cartridge)

/

()

2 (Portable) 1-30 (0.5-14 .) 50 (23 .)

..1723 (AmbroseGodfrey)

www.safetylifethailand.com

..1729

(Captain GeorgeWilliam Manby) ..1818 3 (13.6 )

(Potassium carbonate) (Soda-acid)

1866 (Francois Carlier)

(Tartaric)

1881 . (EdmundM. Granger)

..1905

2

(Cartridge) (Read & Campbell) 1881 (Petrolex)

(ChemicalFoam) ..1905 (Alexander Laurant)

(Naphtha)

()

13% 1.5 (1.65 ) 13%

..1912 (Pyrene)

(CTC) (Hand pump) 1 (1.1 ) 1 (0.6 ) 2 (9 )

CTC (Fume)

80 60

.. 1940 (CBM)

CTC 1969 .. 1920

..1960 (

)

(Walter Kidde) ..1924 (Bell

()

Telephone)

7

..1928 DuGas ( Ansul) (Cartridge-operated)

..1950

..1960- (Super-K)- (Purple-K)

.. 1970 1211 (Halon 1211) 40 50 1301 1954 1211 1301

CTC

1211

()

7

1. (Water)

2. (Foam) ( ..1997 )

3. (Dry chemical)

4. (Carbon dioxide) ()

5. (Vaporising liquid-not

halon) 1997

6. (Wet chemical) ( 1997 )

6

z (Class A) : (Organic solids)

z (Class B) : (Flammable liquids) (Liquifiable solids)

z (Class C) : (Flammable gases)

z (Class D) : (Metals)

z (Class E) : (Electrical equipment)

z (Class F) : (Cookingfat and oil)

Parts of Cartridge ExtinguisherCartridge Extinguishersfor Dry Chemical, Powder,Water, Foam and Wet Chemical

Parts of Stored Pressure Extinguisher

() BS EN 3

( RAL 300)

5-10% 1997

BS EN 3

35 (KV) EN 3-7: 2004

()

35 KV

Types of Fire

CLass A

CLass B

CLass C

CLass D

CLass K

BS EN 3 1. (Water)

1997

2. (Foam) ( 1997 )

3. (Drypowder) () ( 1997 )

4. (Carbon dioxide) ()

( 1997 )5.

(Wet chemical) ()

6. (Class D power)

( 1997 )7. (Halon gas)

( 1997 )

(Silver) (Mist)

NFPA 10: Standard for PortableExtinguishers, 2007

z (Class A Fire) : , :

z (Class B Fire) : , :

z (Class C Fire) : , :

z (Class D Fire) : () , :

z (Class K Fire) : , :

UL (Underwriters Laboratories)

UL/ANSI711: Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers

1-A : 10-B : C A 1.25 () FireRating 1A 1.25 B () 10 B 10 C C

NFPA 10 ( ) 1

(Fire Rating)

20 (9.1 ..) 5 (2.3 ..)

NFPA 10

(Fast Flow Extinguisher)

(Pressurized Flammable Liquids) (Pressurized Flammable Gas)

( ) NFPA 5.5.1.1

Fire Rating1A : 10BC

(Dry Chemicals)

( )

z (Ammonium

phosphate) (Tri-Class) (Multipurpose) (ABC) 177 (350)

z (Sodiumbicarbonate) () (Wet Chemical)

(Purple K)

z (Potassiumbicarbonate) Purple K - NFPA

ARFF

z (Potassium bicarbonate & UreaComplex) (Monnex)

z (PotassiumChloride) - (Super-K)

.. 1960 ()

z (Foam-Compatible) - ()

( ANSUL )

AFFF

z MET-L-KYL (Pyrophoric Liquid)

() /

(Foam)

Aspirated

Non-Aspirated

(Flashback)

z AFFF (Aqueous Film FormingFoam) (Fluoro Tensides)

z AR-AFFF (Alcohol-resistantAqueous Film Forming Foam)

z FFFP (Film Forming Fluoro-protein) (SyntheticFilm-Forming)

z (CAFS: Com-

pressed Air Foam System) (APW : Air Pressurized Water) (Class A Foam)

Potassium chloride powder Potassium bicarbonateExtinguisher

Super-K Extinguisher AFFF Foam

z Arctic Fire

(Water)

z (APW: Air Pressurized Water) APW 2.5 (9 ) (MildSteel) 1.75-2.5 (6-9 )

z (Water Mist)

(Deionized Water)

1.75 (6 ) 2.5 (9 )

(Wet Chemi-cal and Water Additives)

z

Water (APW) Wet Chemical

(Potassiumacetate, carbonate or citrate)

(

)

z (Wetting Agent)

z (Antifreeze)

(Clean Agents and Carbon Dioxide)

()

(, -36) ()

z (Halon 1211 & Halon

1301) B:C 9 (2.3 .) A:B:C 9-17 (4.1- 7.7 ..)

400

1 1994

1994 1211 1301

I, II, -36, -200

z

(Fire Rating) 20 (7.7 ..) 10B:C

Halotron

MET-L-X

(Class D Extin-guisher agent)

z (Sodium Chloride

: Super-D, Met-L-X or METAL.FIRE.XTNGSHR)

(HeatSink)

(Alkali Metals)

z (Copper based : CopperPowder Navy125S) 1970 -

- (Copper-Lithium Alloy)

z (Graphite based : G-Plus,G-1, Lith-X, Pyromet or METAL.FIRE.XTNGSHR) ()

(Copper)

z (Sodiumcarbonate based: Na-X) -

z (Some water based suppressants)

Fire Blockade FireAde

(Fire Extinguishing Ball)

(Active Suppression) (Passive Suppression)

(ABC)

( 5 )

Fire Extinguisher for Lithium & Lithium-alloy Fires

Metal Fire

..1800

Red Comet()

(Maintenance)

(IFC: International Fire Code) 30

( )

(Hydrostatic Pressure Testing) 5

12 NFPA IFC

30

NFPA

(Wired) (Wireless)

(UK) 3

z (Basic Service)

( ) (Cartridge)

z (Extended Service)

5 (DischargeTest)

(%) 1.38 (MPa) 200 /(psi)

z (Overhaul)

10 (Hydraulic Pressure Testing)

( )

(Fire Rating)

(US) 3

z (MaintenanceInspection)

( )

() Hydrotest

() (Fluffing)

(Yearly Service Tag)z (Internal

Maintenance) 3 5 6

1.

2.

3.

Discharge Test

Hydrotest

Yearly Service Tag

Fluffing

4. 5.

(Verification of Service)

(

)

6.

z (Hydro-static Testing) 5 12

5

1.

2.

(Visual Test)3.

( )

4. Hydrostatic TestingPump ()

5.

6.

7. [ (Rebuild)

]

(OEM : Original EquipmentManufacturer) (UL Rating)

: 25-35

(Vandalism)

Hydrostatic Testing Pump

Hydrostatic Testing Machine

Verification of Service

Hydrostatic Testing Diagram

Water to ChamberHigh PressureWater to Cylinder

Burette

(Fire Blanket) (Hose) (First-aid Kit) (EmergencyEye Wash)

Referencesz The United States Patent and Trademark

Office, Volume 192 - September 15, 1881z Staffordshire Past Track - Petrolex half

gallon fire extinguisher. Retrieved 2009-05-25.z U.S. Patent 1,010,870, filed April 5, 1910.z U.S. Patent 1,105,263, filed Jan 7, 1911.z Pyrene Fire Extinguishers. Vintage Fire

Extinguishers. http://www.vintagefe.com/pyrene.html.Retrieved 23 December 2009.

z Carbon Tetrachloride Health and SafetyGuide". IPCS International Programme on ChemicalSafety. Retrieved 25 December 2009.

z Halon Disposal. Ozone Protection. Aus-tralian Government Department of the Environmentand Heritage (Australia). Retrieved 2006-12-12.

z a b c. The Fire Safety Advice Centrez Wasserfilmbildendes Schaummittel -

Extensid AFFFz Fireade 2000 Applications. Retrieved

2009-11-10.z Fire Blockade Pro - Industrial Productsz Chuck a ball to put out fire, Earth Times,

14 September 2007,z firegrenade.comz CAIS16 - Safety signs in the catering

industryz Transport for Londonz NFPA 10 : Standard for Portable Fire

Extinguisher, 2007 edition.z The Standard BS EN 3, UK.

Fire Extinguisher Cabinet

(FireExtinguisher Sign)

(Photo-luminescent Fire Extinguisher Sign)

(Photo-luminescent phosphor)

(Reflective Sign) ()