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AATCC Test Method 15-2013
Colorfastness to Perspiration
AATCC Test Method 107-2013
Colorfastness to Water
Scope
• Fibers
• Yarns
• Fabrics
• Dyed
• Printed
• Otherwise colored
• DyestuffsAATCC TM15 & TM107
Perspiration Tester
• 21 Plates (glass or plastic)
• Weight (for horizontal)
or
• Pressure gauge unit (for vertical)
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Horizontal
perspiration tester
Vertical perspiration tester
Multifiber Test Fabric
• Unfused edges
• 8 mm bands
• For specimens with silk:
• For specimens with no silk:
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Wool
Viscose Rayon
Silk
Nylon
Cotton
Acetate
Wool
Acrylic
Polyester
Nylon
Cotton
Acetate
Apparatus & Materials
• Balance, accurate to 0.001 g
• Wringer (preferred)
or
• Blotting paper (for fabrics that do not retain water)
• TM15: pH meter, accurate to 0.01
• Non-dyeable adjacent cloth (for yarn & fiber specimens)
• Drying oven
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Reagent: TM15
• 500 mL distilled water in 1-L volumetric flask
• 10 g sodium chloride
• 1 g lactic acid, USP 85%
• 1 g disodium hydrogen phosphate, anhydrous
• 0.25 g l-histidine monohydrochloride
• Add distilled water to 1-L mark
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Reagent pH: TM15
• Measure pH of prepared solution
• pH should be 4.3
• If NOT 4.3 ±0.2, discard solution and start over
• Discard solution after 3 days
– Fungi grows, even in stoppered bottle
– pH gradually rises
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Simulated Perspiration
• Test method originally included alkaline and acid perspiration solutions
• 1974 study found results with alkaline solution did not correlate with wearer experience
– Wool showed more staining in alkaline test than experienced by wearers
– Acetate showed less staining in alkaline test than experienced by wearers
• 1974 study found results with acid solution “predicts wear performance accurately and consistently.”
– “Where there is a deviation from consumer experience it is slight and on the more critical side.”
• For alkaline solution, reference TM15-1973 or formula in Notes section of current version.
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Reagent: TM107
• Distilled water
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Fabric Specimens
• 6 × 6 cm
• Place multifiber on face of specimen
• Stitch along one selvage
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Yarn/Fiber Specimens
• 6 × 6 cm undyed adjacent fabric
• Specimen: ~½ mass of multifiber + adjacent
• Specimen between adjacent and multifiber
• Stitch along all edges
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure
• Weigh specimen assembly (including multifiber)• Place specimen assembly in petri dish
– 9 cm diameter– 2 cm deep
• Add solution to depth of 1.5 cm– Room temperature
• Soak 30 min.– Agitate and squeeze for complete wetting– Alternate soak and wring if necessary– 15 min. may be sufficient for TM107
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure
• Pass specimen assembly through wringer
– Stripes perpendicular to rolls
• Wring
– TM15: 225% original weight
– TM107: 250%-300% original weight
– Blot instead of wringing if necessary
– Specimens for comparison should have identical pickup
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure
• Place each specimen assembly on a separate plate
– Stripes perpendicular to length of plate
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure – Horizontal Tester
• Insert all 21 plates
– Distribute plates with specimens among empty plates
• Set springs and metal plate in place
• Place 3.63 kg (8.0 lb) weight on top
– Total pressure of 4.54 kg (10.0 lb)
• Lock metal plate in place using thumb screws
• Remove weight
• Place unit in oven, on its side
AATCC TM15 & TM107
AATCC TM15 & TM107
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Place unit in oven, on its side (rather than vertically) to ensure even pressure on all specimens.
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure – Vertical Tester
• Insert all 21 plates
– Distribute plates with specimens among empty plates
• Adjust screw to apply 4.54 kg (10.0 lb) force
• Lock unit with set screw
• Remove pressure gauge unit
• Place specimen unit in oven
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure
• Place loaded specimen unit in oven
– Constant 38±1°C (100±2°F)
– TM15: 6 h
– TM107: 18 h
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Procedure
• Remove unit from oven
• Remove specimen assemblies from unit
• Separate each multifiber, test specimen, and un-dyed adjacent fabric specimen
• Condition
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Evaluation: Color Change
• Evaluate color change of test specimen
• AATCC EP1, Gray Scale for Color Change
or
• AATCC EP7, Instrumental Assessment of the Change in Color of a Test Specimen
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Evaluation: Staining
• Evaluate staining of each multifiber stripe
• Evaluate staining of adjacent fabric, if applicable
• AATCC EP2, Gray Scale for Staining
or
• AATCC EP8, AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale
or
• AATCC EP12, Instrumental Assessment of Degree of Staining
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Report
• Color change grade for test specimen
• Staining grade for each multifiber stripe
– Note fiber type associated with each rating
• Staining grade for adjacent fabric, if applicable
• Visual or instrumental evaluation
• Scale used to evaluate staining (if visual)
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Verification
• Test periodically with in-house control fabric
– Mid-range stain grade on most heavily-stained multifiber stripe
– Three specimens
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Troubleshooting
• Ensure accurate and even wet-out
• Ensure even pressure
– Check for warped plates
– Check for raised areas of plates or specimens
– Check spring compressibility
• Calibrate balance, pH meter, oven
AATCC TM15 & TM107
Polyester/Spandex Note
AATCC TM15 & TM107
13.7 CAUTION: It has been reported that
the results for staining obtained by this
method on fabrics dyed to dark shades (navy,
black, etc.) that contain a combination of
polyester and spandex, or their blends, may
not show the full staining propensity of such
fabrics in consumer use. It is, therefore,
recommended that the staining results obtained
by this test not be used for the acceptance
testing of such fabrics.
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