acknowledgements:steve cook and robert molinari tsg-seas: paul chinn and janet roseli operations:...

Acknowledgements: Steve Cook and Robert MolinariTSG-SEAS: Paul Chinn and Janet RoseliOperations: Derrick Snowden, James Farrington, and Carrie WolffData processing: Guilherme Castelao and Hiquin YangData distribution: Guilherme Castelao, Francis Bringas, and Joaquin TrinanesWeb page development: Francis Bringas and Pedro DiNezioNOAA/NMFS Collab.: Jon Hare, Dan Smith, and Jack JossieNOAA Marine Operations: Dennis Shields, Tom Stepka, and John KatebiniExplorer of the Seas*: Rod Zika and Liz Williams

Funded by the NOAA Office of Climate Observations* Funded by NOAA and NSF

NOAA/AOML Thermosalinograph (TSG) Operations

JCOMM SOT-4 MeetingGeneva, April 16-21, 2007

Gustavo Jorge GoniNOAA/AOMLMiami, Florida

gustavo.goni@noaa.gov

NOAA/AOML TSG project description

http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/tsg/index.php

sea surface salinity (SSS)

Provides key information on the variability of global precipitation, evaporation, and the fresh water cycle.

Is a factor in water mass formation and SSS variability can affect the intensity of the thermohaline circulation.

Can be utilized to initialize climate forecast models, if salinity profiles are not available.

Through Alkalinity improves is linked to the amount of

dissolved CO2 in the oceans.

Will be used to validate and calibrate fields obtained from the SMOS and Aquarius satellite missions.

Can be used to assess numerical model performances

NOAA/AOML Thermosalingraphs

SBE 21: • Oleander, • Skogafoss, • NOAA fleet.

SBE 45 (micro TSG): • RCCL Explorer of the Seas, • Albert Rickmers, • SAS Explorer, • NOAA fleet.

2 cargo ships Atlantic Ocean.1 cruise ship western North Atlantic, Caribbean

Sea and Gulf of Mexico.

1 cargo ship Pacific Ocean.1 cruise ship around the world twice a year.15 NOAA ships global.

NOAA/AOML TSG and SEAS installation set-up

AOML-TSG transects

2001 20032002

2004 2005 2006

SkogafossOleanderC. Waikato

Current NOAA/AOML-TSG transects

currently maintained TSG transects

Upcoming TSG installations: Semester At Sea M/V Explorer (around the world twice a year) Albert Rickmers (Pacific Ocean)

AOML/SEAS TSG data flow

platform identification impossible date impossible location position on land test(ETOPO5*) impossible speed(4-35 knots) global ranges regional ranges spike test gradient test constant value check climatology and NCEP weekly analysis buddy check (comparison against ARGO, CTD, …) water sample check

AOML TSG QC steps

GOSUD recommendedQC steps

AOML additionalQC steps

RT

DT

2-10-30 sec sampling 5 min QC data

NOAA/AOML-TSG QC

TSGWater samplesProfiling floatsClimatology

NOAA/AOML-TSG QC

TSGWater samplesProfiling floatsClimatology

Identification of equipment bias in TSG using climatology and in-situ observations

TSG 5 min QC data

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

nu

mb

er*

10

00

Oleander 37 29 47 37 20 35

Skogafoss 5 15 30 49 48 49

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TSG data 5 min DT QC performance

0

50

100

150

200

nu

mb

er*

10

00

QC step

Oleander 202 27 57 0.2 0.8

Skogafoss 195 35 96 0.2 0.4

total data

clim NCEP spike grad

Bad flags

Total data

Skogafoss TSG transects

2001-2006 transects2001-2006 SSS space-time diagram

Oleander TSG transects

2001-2006 transects 2001-2006 SSS space-time diagram

Gulf Stream front

TSG temperatures are:0.22-0.26C higher than the profiling float temperature, 0.16-0.29C higher than the XBT temperature and 0.09 C higher than the water sample.

TSG Salinity values are in good agreement with concurrent observations:0.05 lower than the float salinity and 0.07 lower than the water sample.

Summary of TSG data QC statistical analysis(Skogafoss and Oleander)

Issue: need of external temperature sensor

RCCL’s Explorer of the SeasTSG transects

2006 transects 2006-2007 SSS time series

Altimetry-derived Yucatan Straits geostrophic current transport

NOAA/AOML TSG data distribution into GTS

Location of TSG data taken from GTS, March-April 2007

2007 TRACKOB GTS salinity data

NOAA AOML: 21,000 reports to GTSOthers: 18 reports to GTS

2007 TRACKOB GTS salinity data

currentCargo ships: Oleander and SkogafossSemester At Sea’s M/V ExplorerCargo ship Albert Rickmers

NOAA FleetShip Use Main area of

operationReal-time

transmission capability

Real-time TSG data transmission

Ronald Brown O Worldwide current December 2006

Oscar Dyson F Gulf of Mexico, Pacific and Atlantic oceans

current December 2006

Miller Freeman F Pacific Ocean current December 2006

Ka’imimoana O - A Tropical Pacific Ocean January 2007 January 2007

Hi’ialakai O -F Pacific Ocean January 2007 January 2007

Oscar E. Sette F Tropical Pacific January 2007 January 2007

Nancy Foster E-F Atlantic Ocean January 2007 TSG being installed

Gordon Gunter F Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean

January 2007 January 2007

Fairweather NC Gulf of Alaska Mid 2007 Mid 2007

Mc. Arthur II E-F Pacific Ocean Mid 2007 Mid 2007

Albatros IV F North Atlantic Ocean Planned *

Delaware II F North Atlantic Ocean Planned *

Oregon II F Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Planned *

David Jordan F Off CA and OR coast Planned *

Ships with pCO2 systems

Continue transmission of data of RCCL’s Explorer into the GTS. Initiate transmission of QC’ed (RT) data of cargo ships into the GTS. Initiate transmission of QC’ed (RT) data of NOAA fleet into the GTS. Test external temperature sensor in one cargo ship.

Continue support of pCO2 systems. Collaborate with future satellite salinity missions.

Initiate a sustained and strong collaboration with data centers,submission of QC’ed data to NODC and Coriolis.

Have a strong participation within GOSUD.

New TSG installations: • M/V Explorer of Semester At Sea• Albert Rickmers.

Initiate tests with BUFR and Metadata.

Science support.

NOAA/AOML TSG plans

Semester At Sea’s M/V Explorer

NOAA/AOML TSG OperationsGustavo Jorge Goni

NOAA/AOMLMiami, Florida

gustavo.goni@noaa.gov