adapting producer gas for small size single cylinder si engine
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8/8/2019 Adapting Producer Gas for Small Size Single Cylinder Si Engine
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A PROGRESS PRESENTATION
ON
ADAPTATING PRODUCER GAS FOR SMALL SIZE SINGLE
CYLINDER SI ENGINE
Supervisor: -
Dr.Bivek Baral
Assistant Professor
Undergraduate Co-ordinator
Co-supervisor: -
Sunil Prasad Lohani
Lecturer
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Group Members: -
Anant Bhusal (41055)
Amrit Shrestha (41083)
24 November2010
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INTRODUCTION
Reason behind selection of project: -
can be used in an SI Engine as a substitute for gasolineno change in amount of carbon dioxide in environment
project is concerned with adapting producer gas to operate a stationary SI Engine
producer gas is produced from the process ofpyrolysis in gasifier
Producer gas is cleaned and cooled
and used to operate a stationary SI Engine
Problem Statement
Increases the amount of carbon particles which results in GLOBAL WARMING.
Gradual decrease in petroleum resource
Approximately 1 million gasifiers were used to operate vehicles worldwide during the war years.
(Source: Reed, T.B., SERI/SP-271-3022)
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OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this project are: -
To design and fabricate the biomass gasifier appropriate to run the SI Engine.
To reduce the amount of tar produced in the producer gas.
To design the filter for the separation of tar from the producer gas.
To design or modify the standard SI Engine for the adaptation of the producer gas.
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Figure: - Overall System (Source:Adapted from Skov1974)
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GASIFICATION
Four basic processes of gasification
Drying of the fuel
Pyrolysis
Oxidation (Combustion)
Reduction
Gasification is a process that converts biomass, into carbon monoxide and hydrogen
by reacting the biomass at high temperatures with a controlled amount of oxygen.
CH1.4O0.6 + 1.05 O2 + 3.9 N2 -> CO2 + 0.7 H2O + 3.95 N2
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COMPARISION OF DIFFERENT TYPES GASIFIER
Up draft gasifier: -
The updraft gasifier achieves the highest efficiency
Produces excessive amount of tarDown draft gasifier: -
Comparatively lower overall efficiency
Produces low amount of tar
Cross draft gasifier: -
Poor CO 2 reduction and high gas velocityHigh carbon monoxide, and low hydrogen and methane content
Fixed Bed Gasifier System Fluidized Bed Gasifier
Parameters Unit Countercurrent
(up-draft)
Co-current
(downdraft)
Bubbling Circulating
Particle Content
Range 0.1-3 0.02-8 1-100 8-100
Mean 1 1 4 40
Tar Content
Range 10-150 0.01-6 1-23 1-30
Mean 50 0.5 12 8
The downdraft gasifier is appropriate for the production of producer gas for operating of SI Engine
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PRODUCER GAS CLEANING
Steps
To choose a gasifier design that minimizes production of tars and particulates.
Remove particulate (above 300oC)
Remove tars (above 100oC)
Remove Water
Use filter devices
In-line filtersOffline filters
PRODUCER GAS COOLING
purpose is to increase the density of the gas in order to maximize the amount ofcombustible gas entering the cylinder
10% temperature reduction of the gas increases the maximum output of the engine by almost 2%.
(Source: Reed, T.B., SERI/SP-271-3022)
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DESIGN ASSUMPTION
Type Air cooled, 4 - stroke single cylinder OHC
Displacement (D) 149.2 c.c
Maximum Power 10.6 KW ( 14.3 bhp) @ 8500 rpm
Maximum Torque 12.80 N-m @ 6500 rpm
Bore x Stroke 57.3 x 57.8 mm
Compression Ratio 9.1 :1
Idle speed 1400 rpm
Ignition AMI - Advanced MicroprocessorIgnition
System
All the design is based on Assumption: @ 2500 rpm
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OBTAINED RESULTS
Calculation of the power output of a producer gas engine
Max. air/gas intake 0.003125 m/s
M
ax. gas intake 0.001488 m/s
real gas intake is 0.001339 m/s
Thermal Power (Pg) 6.42857 kW
Maximum mechanical output (PM
max.) 1.9285 kW
Maximum electrical output (PE max.) 1.7357 kVA
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A. Biomass consumption gasifier
Thermal power consumption 9.1836 kW
Biomass consumption 1.26 kg biomass to produce 1 kWh electricity.
B. Reactor design
dthroat 10cm
C. Further gasifies dimensions
Diameter (dr) of the fire box. dr 14.3027 cm
Diameter (drl) of nozzle top ring dn 10.4 mm
Design calculation of downdraught gasifier
The thermal efficiency of the gasifier is taken at 70%
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DESIGNED GASIFIER
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
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CONCLUSION
Work Accomplished: -
Selection of gasifier
Design of various parts of gasifier
Work Remaining: - (for this semester)
Fabrication of gasifier
Testing the producer gas
Reason behind deviation: -
manufacturing difficulties in making gasifier
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THANKYOU
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