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Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
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00
9-0
4-2
9�
Adva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
, Paul Sch
err
er
Inst
itut
Acc
ele
rato
rs f
or
Basi
c R
ese
arc
h a
nd A
pplica
tions
Pre
sent
Tech
nolo
gie
s
Die
lect
ric
Str
uct
ure
s
Pla
sma W
akefi
eld
Acc
ele
rato
rs
Rasm
us
Isch
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dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Rasm
us
Isch
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dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Rasm
us
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nce
d A
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r C
once
pts
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00
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9�
Rasm
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Rasm
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His
tory
of
Ele
ctro
n A
ccele
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rsLi
vingst
on P
lot
Rasm
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Applica
tions
of
Acc
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Rasm
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Rasm
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Rasm
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Basi
c Requir
em
ents
for
Ele
ctro
n
Acc
ele
rato
rs b
eyo
nd ILC
•Energ
y�
�W
� 5
…1
0 T
eV
��
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ac)
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min
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ty�
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ost
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igh a
ccele
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ng fi
eld
s•
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Hig
h b
unch
charg
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Good e
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Rasm
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Lum
inosi
ty
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ross
sect
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or
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llis
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lum
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ty o
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st incr
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ng t
he n
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ber
of
part
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s at
const
ant
phase
space
densi
ty w
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pro
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ow
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pro
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ty a
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consi
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ract
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adapte
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rom
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ugan
Rasm
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Not
an O
pti
on f
or
10 T
eV
•Build a
cir
cula
r acc
ele
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r•
Syn
chro
tron r
adia
tion p
roport
ional to
E4
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lin
ear
acc
ele
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d o
n s
tate
-of-
the-art
RF
cavi
ties
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ccele
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ng fi
eld
0.0
5 G
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00
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wit
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ost
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10
There
fore
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ease
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ng fi
eld
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ithout
incr
easi
ng t
he c
ost
by
the s
am
e f
act
or)
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ltern
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Rasm
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How
to A
ccele
rate
Charg
ed P
art
icle
s
Ass
um
e:
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ltra
rela
tivi
stic
part
icle
of
charg
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ovi
ng a
long t
he z
axis
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ele
rate
d b
y a p
lane
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ctro
magneti
c w
ave
that
pro
pagate
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angle
� t
o t
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e-
k
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Rasm
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How
to A
ccele
rate
Charg
ed P
art
icle
s
Then:
•Posi
tion o
f th
e e
lect
ron
•Ele
ctri
c fi
eld
•Energ
y gra
die
nt
e-
k
�
�
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Law
son W
oodw
ard
Theore
m
•T
ransv
ers
e e
lect
ric
field
s
•M
ore
ove
r, t
he L
aw
son-W
oodw
ard
Theore
m s
tate
s:
•th
e t
ota
l acc
ele
rati
on
•of
ult
rare
lati
vist
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art
icle
s
•by
far-
field
ele
ctro
magneti
c w
ave
s
•is
zero
�N
eed n
ear-
field
str
uct
ure
s
ele
ctr
on
ele
ctr
om
agneti
c
wave
Woodw
ard
, J. IEE 9
3 (
19
47
)
Law
son,
IEEE T
rans.
Nucl. S
ci. 2
6 (
19
79
)
Palm
er,
Part
. A
ccel. 1
1 (
19
80
)
Rasm
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Cu
Re
so
na
tin
g R
F C
av
ity
ele
ctr
ica
l fi
eld
ele
ctr
on
Tra
ve
llin
g W
av
e S
tru
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re
11
.4 G
Hz
2�/3
Mo
de
Eacc� 5
0 M
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adapte
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rom
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eis
e
RF
Acc
ele
rati
on
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sing a
reso
nant
cavi
ty a
t ra
dio
fr
equenci
es
(RF)
(�G
Hz)
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ctro
magneti
c fi
eld
pro
vided b
y exte
rnal so
urc
e (
e.g
. kly
stro
n)
Rasm
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Superc
onduct
ing R
F
Rs
f�
Q0�
10 9
-10 1
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Fre
qu
en
cy:
Qu
alit
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acto
r:
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ircu
it:
L C
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ko
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00
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9�
Lim
its
to t
he A
ccele
rati
ng F
ield
•N
orm
al-
conduct
ing a
ccele
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akdow
n o
n t
he s
urf
ace
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onduct
ing a
ccele
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riti
cal m
agneti
c fi
eld
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p:/
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tml
Rasm
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rato
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00
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9�
Poss
ibilit
ies
for
Acc
ele
rati
ng S
truct
ure
s
Str
uctu
rem
ax.
Fie
ld (
V/
m)
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onducti
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tate
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eam
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kly
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llic
2�10
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tate
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ctr
on b
eam
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kly
str
ons o
r
inte
gra
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tructu
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lectr
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ser
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on b
eam
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sm
a�
10
11
laser
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s:
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e F
EL,
dis
posable
str
uctu
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excit
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tom
s,
muon c
ollid
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Rasm
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Die
lect
ric
Str
uct
ure
s
Rasm
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00
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Die
lect
ric
Acc
ele
rato
r Str
uct
ure
s
•U
sing m
uch
hig
her
frequenci
es:
TH
z t
o o
pti
cal
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sing d
iele
ctri
cs (
e.g
. SiO
2)
•A
dva
nta
ges:
hig
her
dam
age t
hre
shold
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igher
acc
ele
rati
ng fi
eld
s, u
p t
o ~
GV
/m
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enera
te t
he e
lect
rom
agneti
c fi
eld
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here
nkov
radia
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rom
an
ele
ctro
n b
eam
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ser
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onfi
ne t
he fi
eld
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nic
band g
ap
8
Rasm
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1887
1987
Photo
nic
Cry
stals
peri
odic
ele
ctro
mag
netic
med
ia
with
pho
toni
c ba
nd g
aps:
“op
tical
insu
lato
rs”
(nee
d a
mor
eco
mpl
exto
polo
gy)
Ste
ven G
. Jo
hnson
9
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Band G
ap m
aps
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tions
of
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ave
equati
on
� =
1.5
μm
Ben C
ow
an
a
r
10
Rasm
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lect
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r Str
uct
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s
Photo
nic
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ap S
truct
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s
Chri
s S
ram
ek
12
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Setu
p o
f an E
xperi
ment
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enera
tion o
f 2
00
nm
long e
lect
ron b
unch
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odula
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L
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e f
orm
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hic
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3 f
ee
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R
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IFE
L
12
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lts
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erg
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ain
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ss (
ke
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s Sears
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c C
olb
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0 n
m4
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ose
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uls
es
Acc
ele
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on
13
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ele
rati
on o
n M
eta
llic
Surf
ace
s
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vers
e t
ransi
tion r
adia
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n a
m
eta
llic
surf
ace
Above
the d
am
age t
hre
shold
, in
deed!
Rasm
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Die
lektr
ic S
truct
ure
s
Hri
sto
Badakov, G
il T
ravis
h
dri
ve b
eam
wit
ness b
eam
Genera
tion o
f th
e a
ccele
rati
ng fi
eld
by
an e
lect
ron b
eam
15
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die
s on t
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axim
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lds
16
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ula
ted s
urf
ace f
ield
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he d
iele
ctr
ic
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0m
puls
e length
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m
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issio
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f C
here
nkov lig
ht
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9�
Pla
sma W
akefi
eld
Acc
ele
rati
on
Rasm
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Pla
sma W
akes
- T
heory
•U
nlike e
lect
rom
agneti
c w
ave
s in
vacu
um
, pla
sma w
akes
can
have
a longit
udin
al ele
ctri
c fi
eld
•T
ajim
a &
Daw
son,
PR
L,
43
, 2
67
(19
79
)
•Li
near
pla
sma w
ake:
•Li
mit
:
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Pla
sma W
akes
- T
heory
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bove
this
lim
it:
non-linear
wakes,
“Blo
w-out
regim
e”
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eld
s ca
n b
e c
alc
ula
ted o
nly
wit
h n
um
eri
cal m
eth
ods
•T
ypic
al w
ave
length
: 5
0 �
m•
Acc
ele
rati
ng fi
eld
s up t
o 5
0 G
V/m
Mia
om
iao Z
hou
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f Pla
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lect
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ve t
he P
lasm
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ake
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ypic
al dri
ve b
eam
pow
er:
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015
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er
densi
ty: �1
024
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lasm
a w
ake:
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ns
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ctro
ns
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Sta
te o
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rt 2
003
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102
103
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eV]
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htly
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Cam
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tic in
tens
ity
11/1
9/0
3gv
1
Inpu
t
Vac
uum
Out
put
Ung
uide
dO
utpu
t
11/1
9/0
3
Gi
2
Gui
ded
Out
put
Hig
hqu
ality
guid
ing
upto
4TW
No
chan
nel l
eaka
geC
hann
el p
rofil
e
C.G
.R.G
edde
set
al,P
RL,
2005
Cam
ero
n G
eddes
22
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Pla
sma W
ave
guid
es
~3
5µ
m
Rad
ially
mo
du
late
d1
00
ps
Nd
:YA
Gla
ser
pu
lse
Mod
ula
ted
pla
sm
aw
ave
gu
ide
70
fsT
i:S
ap
ph
ire
las
er
pu
lse
Axic
on
(e)
(b)
(a)
70
fstr
an
sve
rse
inte
rfer.
pro
be
13
µm 10
00
µm2
00µ
m
(e)
13
µm
(c)
(d)
65
0µ
m
50
0µ
m
50
µm
Col
oron
lin
e)E
xper
imen
talg
eom
etry
:Rad
iall
ym
odu
late
dN
d:Y
AG
lase
rpu
lse
(200
–50
0m
J,10
0ps
,106
4n
m)
from
aA
ndre
w Y
ork
Arg
on
Air
Nitro
ge
n
Ph
ase
Im
ag
es f
rom
tra
nsve
rse
pro
be
23
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Pla
sma A
ccele
rati
on in C
apilla
ries
Jens
Ost
erh
o�
,Ste
fan K
ars
ch
Ga
s i
n
Ch
an
nel cen
ter
15
mm
Off
-ax
is p
ara
bo
la(2
0°,
1.5
4 m
, f/
22
)
La
se
r
Ga
s i
n
Sa
pp
hir
e b
loc
k
Dip
ole
ma
gn
et
Screen S2
Screen S1(movable)
Ele
ctr
on
be
am
25
0 µ
m
Gas velocity (km/s)
2.4
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
Ch
an
nel en
tran
ce a
nd
exit
0.6
mm
1.8
mm
a)
b)
Mk
140
250
)
24
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
“Monoenerg
eti
c” P
art
icle
Bunch
es
Hig
hq
ual
ity,
inte
nse
bea
ms*
2e9
elec
tron
sD
iver
genc
e3m
rad
Ene
rgy
Spr
ead<
4MeV
Nor
mal
ized
Geo
met
ricE
mitt
ance
2�m
m-m
rad
e-
Mag
netic
Spe
ctro
met
er
Mag
net
CC
D
LA
NE
X
Sli
t
7%
>1
15
2%
>1
34
Em
ax=
15
34927500-1
0.1
Am
p
Divergence
(mrad)
>1
15
MeV
>1
53
MeV
>1
34
MeV
Hig
h qu
ality
bea
ms:
300
pC @
86
MeV
Pea
k en
ergi
es 1
50-1
70M
eV
Las
er=
9TW
,50
fs,Z
R=
200μ
mP
lasm
a=
1.8e
19cm
-3,1
.7m
m
Cam
ero
n G
eddes
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Part
icle
Energ
ies
up t
o 1
GeV
��a
0 ~
1.4
6 (
40 T
W, 37 fs)
��n
e ~
4x10
18
cm
-3,P
crit ~
7 T
W
1 G
eV B
EA
M�
��
Div
erge
nce(
rms)
: 1.6
mra
d���
Ene
rgy
spre
ad (
rms)
: 2.5
%�
��
Res
olut
ion:
2.4
%�
��
Cha
rge:
35
pC�
Cam
ero
n G
eddes
25
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Pla
sma W
akefi
eld
Acc
ele
rati
on
wit
h E
lect
ron B
unch
es
U C
L
A
~ 0
.5
m~
10
m
26
Energ
y so
urc
e:
ele
ctro
n b
eam
•4
2 G
eV
part
icle
energ
y
•3
.2 n
C b
unch
charg
e
•Beam
pow
er:
�1
015
W =
1 T
W
•Pow
er
densi
ty: �1
024
W/m
2=
1 Y
W/m
2
Pla
sma s
ourc
e:
Lith
ium
ove
n
•Part
icle
densi
ty: �1
023
/ m
3
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
6 m
m
0.0
8 %
1.2
mm
1.6
%
5
0 μ
m
1.6
%
1
2 μ
m
1.5
%
Pla
sma W
akefi
eld
Acc
ele
rati
on a
t SLA
C
Acc
ele
rati
on,
com
pre
ssio
n a
nd f
ocu
ssin
g o
f bunch
es
to r
each
a p
eak p
ow
er
densi
ty o
f 5
YW
/m2
Paul Em
ma
P.
Em
ma e
t al.,
PA
C
(20
05
)
U C
L
A
27
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Experi
menta
l Setu
pU
C
L
A
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Firs
t Resu
lts
More
than 3
GeV
energ
y g
ain
in 1
0 c
m p
lasm
a length
U C
L
A
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Incr
easi
ng t
he P
lasm
a L
ength
to 3
0.5
cm
Patr
ic M
uggli
no p
lasm
a
13
cm
FW
HM
2
2.5
cm
FW
HM
3
0.5
cm
FW
HM
U C
L
A
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
1 m
Long P
lasm
a
Longer
pla
sm
a o
ven
New
spectr
om
ete
r
Dia
gnosti
cs f
or
low
-energ
y p
art
icle
s
Incre
ased t
he e
nerg
y in t
he d
rive b
eam
U C
L
A
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Images
from
both
Spect
rom
ete
r Pla
nes
800 C
onse
cuti
ve E
vents
Cha
rge
dens
ity[-
e/μ
m2 ]
60120
180
240
U C
L
A
31
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Energ
y D
oubling
•Pla
sma length
: 85 c
m
•D
ensi
ty: 2,7
•10
17
cm
3
•Entr
ance
energ
y: 4
2 G
eV
•Peak e
nerg
y: 8
5 G
eV
I. B
lum
enfe
ld e
t al.,
Natu
re 4
45
, p.
74
1 (
20
07
)
U C
L
A
32
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Tra
ppin
g o
f Pla
sma E
lect
rons
•V
ery
sm
all a
ngle
of
em
issi
on a
t th
epla
sma e
xit
:
•Li
mit
ed b
yca
mera
reso
luti
on
Rasm
us Ischebeck,
Energ
y D
oubling o
f 4
2 G
eV
Ele
ctr
ons.
AA
C 2
00
6
U C
L
A
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Tra
ppin
g o
f Pla
sma E
lect
rons
(Short
Pla
sma)
•Im
agin
g t
he a
ngle
of
ere
nkov
radia
tion
•Li
ght
inte
nsi
ty is
incr
ease
d b
y m
ore
than t
hre
e o
rders
of
magnit
ude
•Part
icle
energ
y E is
pro
port
ional to
pla
sma length
L:
wit
hout
pla
sm
aw
ith p
lasm
a
Neil
Kir
by
N.
Kir
by e
t al.,
AIP
Conf
Pro
c 8
77
(20
06
)
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
There
is
More
to A
ccele
rati
ng S
truct
ure
s th
an t
he A
ccele
rati
ng F
ield
•Pow
er
sourc
es
•Beam
loadin
g•
Em
itta
nce
pre
serv
ati
on
There
is
Much
More
to a
n A
ccele
rato
r th
an A
ccele
rati
ng S
truct
ure
s•
Part
icle
sourc
es
(inje
ctors
)•
Bend m
agnets
for
stora
ge r
ings
•Fo
cusi
ng,
beam
dyn
am
ics
•D
ete
ctors
Dem
onst
rate
d O
nce
does
not
mean
Ava
ilable
for
Use
rs
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
But
•Fu
ture
part
icle
acc
ele
rato
rs c
annot
be b
uilt
wit
h t
oday’
s te
chnolo
gie
s
36
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Livi
ngst
on P
lot
1
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
An U
nfa
ir C
om
pari
son
34
Rasm
us
Isch
ebeck
– A
dva
nce
d A
ccele
rato
r C
once
pts
. 2
00
9-0
4-2
9�
Thank Y
ou!
•The E
-167 C
ollabora
tion
•M
. Berr
y, I. Blu
menfe
ld, F.
-J. D
eck
er,
P. Em
ma, M
.J. H
ogan*,
R. Is
chebeck
, R.H
. Iv
ers
on, N
. K
irby,
P. K
rejc
ik,
R.H
. Sie
mann, and D
. W
alz
(SLA
C)
•C
.E. C
layt
on, C
. H
uang, D
. Jo
hnso
n, C
. Jo
shi*
, W
. Lu
, K
.A. M
ars
h, W
.B. M
ori
, and M
. Zhou (
UC
LA)
•S.�D
eng, T. K
ats
oule
as,
P.�M
uggli*
and E
.�O
z (
USC
)
•The E
-163 C
ollabora
tion
•R. Sie
mann, R. N
oble
, E. C
olb
y, J. Spence
r, R
. Is
chebeck
, M
. Li
nco
ln, B. C
ow
an, C
. Sears
, S. Tanta
wi, D
. W
alz
, D
.T. Palm
er,
N. N
a, C
.D. Barn
es,
M. Ja
vanm
ara
d, X.E
. Li
n, and Z
. Zhang (
SLA
C)
•R. Bye
r, T
.I. Sm
ith, Y.C
. H
uang, T. Ple
ttner,
P. Lu
, and J.A
. W
isdom
(Sta
nfo
rd)
•L.
Sch
äch
ter
(Tech
ion Isr
aeli Inst
itute
of
Tech
nolo
gy)
•J. R
ose
nzw
eig
(U
CLA
)
•The G
igaW
ake D
iele
ctri
c A
ccele
rato
r Experi
ment
•M
.C. Thom
pso
n, H
. Badakov,
J. Rose
nzw
eig
, and G
. Tra
vish
(U
CLA
)•
M.J. H
ogan, R. Is
chebeck
, N
. K
irby,
R. Sie
mann, and D
. W
alz
(SLA
C)
•P. M
uggli (
USC
)•
A. Sco
tt (
UC
SB)
•R. Yoder
(Manhatt
an C
ollege)
•Speci
al th
anks
for
resu
lts,
plo
ts a
nd illust
rati
ons
•H
. W
eis
e (
DESY),
F. Teck
er,
D. Sutt
er
(DO
E),
N. K
irby
(SLA
C),
E. O
z (
USC
), A
. York
, H
. M
ilch
berg
(U
MD
)•
S. Jo
hnso
n (
MTI), S. K
ars
ch (
MPQ
), inte
ract
ions.
org
, Paul Em
ma (
SLA
C),
JLN
Labs,
Vari
an, Sie
mens
AG
,•
Pete
r G
inte
r
•W
ork
support
ed b
y D
epart
ment
of
Energ
y co
ntr
act
s D
E-A
C02-76SF0
0515 (
SLA
C),
DE-FG
03-92ER40745, D
E-
FG03-98D
P00211, D
E-FG
03-92ER40727, D
E-A
C-0376SF0
098, D
E-A
C02-76SF0
0515 a
nd N
ati
onal Sci
ence
Fo
undati
on g
rants
No. EC
S-9632735, D
MS-9722121 a
nd P
HY-0078715.
http://people.web.psi.ch/ischebeck
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