aquatic ecosystem
Post on 21-Apr-2017
54 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Name :- Parghi Gautam V. M.Sc. Environmental sci.Topic :- Aquatic ecosystem
Aquatic ecosystem
Fresh water ecosystem
Marine water ecosystem
Two kind of fresh water :-1. Lentic : standing (lakes & ponds)2. Lotic: running (rivers & streams)
Which has low percentage of dissolved salt.
Fresh water
The littoral zone of a lake is the region of lake with rooted vegetation.
The limnetic zone is the region of lack with no rooted vegetation.
Lakes and ponds
Lakes and ponds
A Lake is a good example of a fresh water ecosystem.
The components of ecosystem are
1. Abiotic 2. Biotic - Non living - living organism - physical - biological
Lack ecosystem
◦ Temperature◦ Pressure◦ Light ◦ pH value of water, and ◦ the basic inorganic and organic compounds
1. Abiotic components
Biotic Components
Producers Consumers Decomposers
•Primary Consumers •Secondary Consumers•Tertiary consumers:
•Macrophytes •phytoplankton's
•Bacteria•Actinomycetes•Fungi
◦ These are autotrophic, green plants and some photosynthetic bacteria.
◦ (a) Macrophytes : These are mainly rooted larger plants which include partly or completely submerged, floating and emergent hydrophytes.
◦ The common plants are the species of Trapa, Typha, Hydrilla, Vallisneria, Marsilea, etc.
◦ (b) Phytoplanktons : They are minute, floating or suspended lower plants.
◦ Majority of them are such filamentous algae as Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Cladophora etc.
Producers:
Emergent plants have leaves that float on the water’s surface.
Submerged plants stay submerged below the water’s surface.
Trapa
Typha
Marsilea
Vallisneria
Spirogyra
◦ They are heterotrophs which depend for their nutrition on the organic food manufactured by producers, green plants.
◦ (a) Primary Consumers (herbivores): Also known as Primary macroconsumers, these are herbivores feeding directly on living plants Benthos and Zooplanktons are primary consumers
◦ (b) Secondary Consumers (carnivores): They are the carnivores which feed on the primary consumers. Fishes and insects
◦ (c) Tertiary consumers: They are some larger fishes that feed on the smaller fish
Consumers
Benthos and Zooplanktons : Copepodkils
Fishes and insectsHalmal
Mozambique tilapia
insect
◦ They are also known as microconsumers, since they absorb only a fraction of the decomposed organic matter.
◦ They bring about the decomposition of complex dead organic matter of both – plants and consumers.
◦ Thus they play a important role in the return of mineral elements again to the medium of the pond.
◦ They are chiefly bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi
Decomposers
Decomposers
Bacteria pseudomonas_bacteria actinomycetes
Marine regions cover about three‐fourths of the Earth's surface and include many ecosystems like oceans, coral reefs, wetlands, mangroves, seaweeds, seagrass, backwater, brackishwater, saltmarshes, sand dunes, lagoon and estuaries.
Marine algae supply much of the world's primary production, oxygen supply and take in a huge amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Marine Ecosystem
• The marine biome is made up of three layers: - The euphotic zone, - The disphotic zone, and - The aphotic zone.
• The euphotic zone is where the most life is, because that's were sunlight pierces.
• The disphotic zone is dark and gloomy, and doesn't harvest as much life but still contains a large number.
The third zone, the aphotic zone, is home only to the plants and animals that have adapted to the extreme to life in such harsh conditions.
The marine environment as compared with fresh water appears to the more stable in their chemical composition due to being saline and moreover others physical and chemical factors as dissolved oxygen content, light and temperature are also different.
Abiotic components
Biotic Components
Producers Consumers Decomposers
•crustaceans molluscs, •fish
•Phytoplanktons like diatoms dinoflagellates and some microscopic algae
•Bacteria•Fungi
Producers:◦ These are autotrophs and also designated as
primary producers, since they are responsible for trapping the radiant energy of sun with the help of their pigments.
◦ Producers are phytoplanktons, such as diatoms, dinoflagellates and some microscopic algae.
Consumers:◦ (a) Primary consumers: The herbivores, that feed
directly on producers are chiefly crustaceans molluscs, fish etc.
Biotic components
◦ (b) Secondary consumers: These are carnivores fishes (herring, shad etc.) feeding on herbivores.
◦ (c) Tertiary consumers: Still in the food chain, there are other carnivorous fishes like Cod, Haddock, Halibut etc. that feed on other carnivores of the secondary consumers level.
Decomposers:◦ The microbes active in the decay of dead organic
matter of producers and macro-consumers are chiefly bacteria & some fungi.
diatoms
dinoflagellates
Sea star
fish
Cod fish
Carnivores fish
Thank you
top related