aug. 23(the cell)
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Biology IMr. Nettles
Agenda- Tuesday, August 23, 2011
1. Name that Guy – 15 min
1. Warm Up – 5 min
1. Daily Lesson – 30 min
1. Wrap Up – 5 min
Today’s Objectives
• I will identify the scientists who contributed to the cell theory.
• I will define the words prokaryotic, eukaryotic, and organelle.
• I will define and describe the primary organelles of eukaryotic cells.
• I will articulate the function of each organelle.
Name that Guy
Procedure
1. Read a brief paragraph of each scientist and underline key information.
2. Form teams of two and discuss each scientist.3. As a team, come up with a one sentence
summary of what each scientist contributed to our understanding of cells.
4. Each team shares their summary of each scientist with the class.
5. Play “Name that Guy” (Quiz, Quiz, Trade style)
Warm-Up
1. Define cell.
1. Which scientist came up with the name “cell” by studying a piece of dead cork?
2. Complete the statement: “All cells are produced by _____________.”
What you need to know about ALL Cells
• Tend to be microscopic
• Have a few key structures:– are enclosed by a membrane.– are filled with cytoplasm.
Bacterium(colored SEM; magnification 8800x)
cell membrane
cytoplasm
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bond organelles
• “Eu” means “true”
nucleus
cell membrane
organelles
Eukaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles.
• “Pro” means “no”
nucleus
cell membrane
organelles
cytoplasm
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
What are organelles?
Definition: Organelles are specialized structures that perform important cellular functions within eukaryotic cells
You have a body that has organs that do specific things so your whole body will work. An organelle is like an organ for the cell.
Organelles found in ALL eukaryotic cells:
1. Nucleus2. Nucleolus3. Cytoplasm4. Cell membrane5. Ribosome6. Endoplasmic Reticulum7. Golgi apparatus8. Mitochondria 9. Lysosomes
**A little bit of help**For each organelle (cell organ) I will give you its DEFINITION and its FUNCTION.
– The DEFINITION is a short description of what it looks like, where it is found, and how we can recognize it.• Definition of an iPOD: a small technological device that comes in
a variety of colors and contains songs that you can play.
– The FUNCTION is what it does…it’s purpose.• Function of an iPOD: an iPOD is used to play music and is often
used when someone is studying, exercising or other times. It is small so it can be carried around.
Nucleus DEFINITION:• Large organelle in the center of the cell that
controls everything that happens in the cell…the “brain” of the cell
FUNCTION: • Stores all genetic material (DNA)• Involved in duplication of DNA during cellular
division (MITOSIS)
Nucleus
Nucleolus
DEFINITION: • small, dense structure in the nucleus that
creates rRNA.
FUNCTION:• Creates ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
- rRNA is very important in making ribosomes- Ribosomes are involved in making proteins
Nucleolus
Cytoplasm DEFINITION:
• All material in the cell except for the nucleus.• A gooey fluid that fills the cell and acts as
support• Made mostly of water
FUNCTION: • It supports the cell…kind of like bubble wrap
or packing peanuts support and protect a package.
Cytoplasm
Cellular membrane
DEFINITION: • thin, flexible layer that surrounds the cell’s
cytoplasm.
FUNCTION: • Controls what goes into and out of the cell• Protection
Cellular membrane
Ribosome Definition: • A small, dense organelle made mostly from rRNA
(ribosomal RNA)• Attached to endoplasmic reticulum or free
floating in the cytoplasm
Function: • Makes proteins
Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
Definition: • A system of folded tube-like structures
attached to the nucleus
Function: • Folds proteins• Transports proteins• Site of ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
Golgi Apparatus:
Definition: • A system of folded tube-like structures NOT
attached to the nucleus
Function:• packages things that are made in the cell to be
transported to another organelle or outside of the cell (i.e. enzymes, proteins, hormones)
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
Definition: • A membrane-enclosed organelle with cristae
(folds) inside.
Function:• Creates the ATP (chemical energy) that most of
the cell uses.• “Powerhouse of the cell”
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Definition: • Small organelles within the cytoplasm that are
filled with enzymes Function: • Break down…
- food into small particles that can be used by the rest of the cell
- organelles that are no longer needed and other waste in the cell
Wrap-Up
1. What is known as the “powerhouse of the cell” and creates the cell’s chemical energy?
1. Define prokaryotic.
2. What is the purpose or function of cytoplasm?
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