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Barriers and Gateways to Communication
Submitted to: Prof S.K Srinivasan
MAKWANA RAVINDRA GOVINDBHAI
MAHTAAB KAJLA | MANIKANDAN V I NAVEEN VYAS
Agenda
1
2
3
Introduction
Barriers to communication
Goals of psychotherapy
4
5
6
Main Obstacle to Communication
The Two Schools of Thought
Q&A
Presentation Time: 12 mins
Q & A Session: 8 mins
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
Barriers to Communication
“The mind is like an iceberg, it floats with
one-seventh of its bulk above water.” –
Sigmund Freud
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Barriers to Communication
Physiological
Emotional
Linguistic
Cultural Environmental
Psychological
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Failure in Communication
Creation of Distortions in
communication
Leads to Damage
communication with
others
Communication breakdown
within self
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Goals of psychotherapy
Improve
Communication
within self
Goals
Improve effective communication with others
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Main Obstacle to Communication
Tendency to Evaluate
Natural urge to judge, evaluate and approve (disapprove) another person’s statement
Evaluation from one’s point of view
Heightened where feelings and emotions are deeply involved
Stronger feeling, less mutual element in communication
Two ideas, two feelings or two judgment
Gap in psychological space
From a personal frame of reference
Blocks interpersonal communication
Barriers
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
Main Obstacle to Communication
Active Listening
See from other person’s point of view
Sense how it feels to the other person achieving the frame of reference
It’s a formidable process
Alter person’s basic personality structure
Understanding with a person, not about a person
Simple method to test – restate other person’s ideas
Also applicable in larger arenas
Gateways
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Limitations of “Listening Approach”
Limitation 2
Heighted Emotions:
Small Groups
Limitation 1
Limitations
Lack of Courage
Limitation 3
Heighted Emotions:
Large Groups
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Lack of Courage
One’s Risk of being changed
One’s attitude and personality being influenced by other person
Being afraid of the risk, hence avoiding listening
SCENE Limitations of “Listening Approach”
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
Heighted Emotions: Small Groups
Strong emotions
Hard to achieve other person’s frame of reference
Use 3rd party for mediation
Less exaggeration
Less defensive stance
Maintenance of attitude not necessary
Helps members come closer to seeing the objective truth of the situation
Leads to improved communication and greater acceptance of each other.
Positive attitude and problem solving nature
Limitations of “Listening Approach”
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
Heighted Emotions: Large Groups
Strong emotions
Hard to achieve other person’s frame of reference
Use 3rd party for mediation
Need for a Moderator
Between countries understanding each other’s culture
Limitations of “Listening Approach”
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Barriers to personal communication
Doesn’t share
same values or
see same
things
Background
Experience Motivation
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The Two Schools of Thought
Differentiation
among two
Schools
School 1
Assumption: Communication between A and B has failed when B does not accept what A has to say
Goal of the communication: To get B to agree with A’s opinions
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
The Two Schools of Thought
School 1
Sign of Poor Communication
According to Smith:
Bill doesn’t understand the best way
Smith thinks that he understands what Bill has to say
Smith thinks either he’s not clear enough or Bill is stupid
Smith evaluates Bill in terms of his own values
According to Bill:
Threat to his self esteem and personal integrity
Not seeing his boss as man of goodwill
I think, Bill,
that this is the
best way to do
your job
O Yeah!!!
Smith Bill
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The Two Schools of Thought
Differentiation
among two
Schools
School 2
Assumption: Communication between A and B has failed when B does not feel free to express his feelings to A as B fears they will be rejected
Goal of the communication: To get A or B or both express and accept differences
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
The Two Schools of Thought
School 2
Sign of neither good nor bad communication
Jones’ Reaction
Doesn’t assume that she knows what Bill means
Decides to listen
Assumes that whatever happens will be interaction of feelings
Encourages Bill to speak
Bill’s Response
Begins to open up
Less defensive
Sees Jones as a source of help
I think, Bill,
that this is the
best way to do
your job
O Yeah!!!
Bill Jones
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
The Two Schools of Thought
Smith Jones
What takes place is something logical
That words means something in and of themselves, apart from the people speaking them
Purpose of interaction is to get Bill to see things from Smith’s point of view
What takes place is an interaction of sentiments
That Bill – not his words in themselves – means something
Objective of interaction is to give Bill a chance to express himself
• Jones’ method works better because Jones has a better map of the process of personal communication
• Biggest block between two people is their inability to listen to each other intelligently, understandingly and skilfully C
on
clu
sio
n
© Group VII Section E Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode
Conclusion
1
2
3
4
Barriers
Psychological Barriers
Problem: Tendency to Evaluate
Solution: Active Listening
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Questions
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www.themegallery.com
Thanks!!!
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