bell work
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Bell Work
• What is the difference between a chemical and a physical property?
• Name 3 examples of each.
Physical Science – Lecture 54
States of Matter
Mass
• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.
Volume
• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by that object.
Matter
• Matter is everything around you. • Matter is anything made of atoms and
molecules. • Matter is anything that has a mass.• Matter is anything that takes up space.
Phases/States of Matter
• Solids• Liquids• Gases• Plasma
How do you Tell Them Apart?
• Differences in the physical state of molecules and atoms.
Matter’s Existence
• Matter can exist in three main phases/states on Earth.
• What are they?
Solids
• A solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume
Solids
• Solids are not easily compressed.• Compression means that their
molecules are pushed closer together.• It refers to taking a substance and
forcing it into a smaller space.
Why can’t they be compressed?
• Particles are packed tightly together and often arranged in an orderly fashion.
Crystals
• If atoms in a solid are arranged in a regular repeating pattern it is called a crystal lattice.
• A crystal lattice is a very exact organization of atoms.
Solids
• Solids are usually hard because their molecules have been packed together.
• The closer your molecules are, the harder you are.
Solids
• Solids also can hold their own shape. • In the same way that a solid holds its shape,
the atoms inside of a solid are not allowed to move around too much.
Liquids
• A liquid is a form of matter that has an indefinite shape, flows, yet has a fixed volume.
Liquids
• Liquids are an in-between state of matter. They can be found in between the solid and gas states.
Liquids
• Liquids are not easily compressed.
Liquids
• Particles in a liquid are free to flow from one location to another.
• Atoms and molecules in liquids are bouncing and floating around, free to move where they want.
Liquids
• Particles in a liquid are close in contact with one another, but the arrangement is not rigid or orderly (no crystal structure).
Liquids
• A force called cohesion keeps liquids together. – It makes the molecules in a liquid attract one
another.
Gases
• A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.
Gases
• Gases can expand to fill any volume.
Gases
• Gases are random groups of atoms.
Gases
• Gases are really spread out and the atoms and molecules are full of energy. They are bouncing around constantly.
Gases
• Gases can fill a container of any size or shape. That is one of their physical characteristics.– However, the atoms and molecules are spread
equally throughout the entire space they occupy.
Gases
• Gases hold huge amounts of energy.• Gases bounce everywhere and they try to
spread themselves out.
Gases
• Particles are usually much further apart.– Because of this, gases are easily compressed into
smaller volumes. • With very little pressure, when compared to
liquids and solids, their molecules can be compressed.
• Compression of gases is very easy.
Compressibility
Vapors
• Vapors have no define shape or volume.• They are substances that are not usually
gaseous at room temperature. • They are liquid or solid at room temperature.• Vapors have the same properties as gases.
Vapors
• Vapors are not the same as gases. • The term gases is reserved for substances that
are usually gaseous at room temperature. • The term vapors is reserved for substances
that are liquid or solid at room temperature. • However, vapors have the same properties as
gases.
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