benchmarking study on infrastructure projects and design

Benchmarking Study on

Infrastructure Projects and

Design for Safety in Singapore

新加坡基建工程及設計安全標準借鑑考察

LAM King-chi, Stephen

Senior Architect/43

Housing Department

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I Overview and Examples of Design for Safety in Singapore II Sharing of Infrastructure Projects

Scope of Presentation

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•

Overview - Workplace Safety & Health(WSH) in Singapore Three Main Organizations

Occupational Safety & Health Division

Workplace Safety & Health Council

Workplace Safety & Health Institute

REGULATOR

(Government)

Legislation,

Policies,

Compliance

Assistance &

Enforcement

INDUSTRY

PARTNER (Members from

Industry Sectors)

Educating & Engaging

Stakeholders,

Promoting WSH

THINK TANK

Providing

professional Insights

and Innovation

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Workplace Safety & Health (WSH) Framework in Singapore

– 3 Key Principles

1. Reduce Risk at Source

2. Greater Industry Ownership

3. Penalties for Poor Safety Management

Overview

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To (New Mindset)

Reduce risks at source Managing risks Identifying and eliminating risks

before they are created

Prevent accidents through higher

penalties for poor OSH management

Accidents are

costly

Poor safety and health

management is costlier

Greater industry ownership of WSH

outcomes

Doing only

what the Law say

Proactive planning to achieve a

safe and healthy workplace

From (Old Mindset) Principles

WSH Professionals Employees Employer Associations &

Unions Education

Institutions

Government

Enforcement of WSH in Singapore • Risk Management System • bizSAFE programme • CultureSAFE • Construction Safety Audit Scoring System (ConSASS) • Technology to facilitate inspection • Penalties • Design for Safety

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Design for Safety (DFS) in Singapore

• Principles and Enforcement of DFS

Potential safety and health hazards associated with the

construction and maintenance of buildings and

structures can be reduced at the design stage. The

Guidelines on Design for Safety (DFS) in Buildings and

Structures are launched in November 2008.

Safe-access, safe-maintenance and work-at-height

issues should be addressed during the planning and

design stages

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Principles and Enforcement of DFS

© 2014 Government of Singapore 24

Ensure DfS Review Process

is implemented Plan, monitor & manage

the pre-const. phase

Prepare & update the

DfS Register

DfS Register

Provide pre-construction

information

Allocate sufficient time &

resources Hire competent personnel

DFS Regs: Duties of Developers

To ensure

implementation of DFS

elements, Developer

should accompany

competent personnel

(Designer, Contractor)

to prepare and update

the DFS Register

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Examples of DFS

for maintenance of windows and claddings

• Gondola System

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Examples of DFS

for maintenance of building services (lights, speakers etc.)

• Maintenance Platform

Maintenance Platform

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Examples of DFS

Permanent maintenance platform moving along with guide rail

• Permanent Maintenance Systems Provided for maintenance of glass walls

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Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

The diverse range of skyrise greenery situations

created exciting spatial configurations, qualities,

as well as challenging safe-access and safe-

maintenance issues.

Green Walls are very Common Features in Singapore

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Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

Singapore Management University (SMU)

Poor access to the planters for maintenance. There is a door that swings outward, permitting cumbersome access. Ideally, worker must be able to secure restraint belt (and other relevant PPE) while from a safe location, before accessing the relevant work surface.

Access door

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Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

• Effective long term maintenance

• No need for scaffolding during maintenance

• Enhanced safety with no need to work at height

Safe Maintenance Platforms are provided behind vertical greenery for

safe-access and safe-maintenance.

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Vertical Greenery Systems – 3 Examples of Safe Maintenance

Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

Carrier Systems Planter Systems Climber Systems

Roller/

Swing

Green

Panels

15 313@Somerset

Green wall

module

Knob for

rotating green

wall during

maintenance

• Roller Joint Type Greenary

Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

Roller joint

Supporting

steel frame

16 National University Hospital (NUH) Administrative Block

The green wall modules can be accessed for maintenance along the service corridor behind the green wall. The irrigation pipes have to be slightly longer to allow for the green wall modules to swing open.

Greenary

Irrigation pipe Green wall module

• Swing Type Green Wall

Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

hinge

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Planting on beams

158 Cecil Street

158 Cecil Street Office building

• Maintenance Access for green features

Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

Interior green walls at Commercial Lobby

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Railing Design Example for Roof Edge Planting

Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

Unsafe to reach

Greenery blocked

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Greenery Zoning

• Different height of greening from roof edge for

safe maintenance

Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design

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Sharing of Infrastructure Projects

1. Powergrid Jurong Island Cable Tunnel Project

2. City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue

Residences

3. Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West

Project

4. Land Transport Authority (LTA) Bedok Station

Construction Project

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Site Visit 1 - Powergrid Jurong Island Cable Tunnel Project

Design and Risk Management:

• Power cable tunnel allow efficient installation

and quick replacement of underground cables

• Tunnel (6m diameter) is designed with a depth

of 60 to 80m to ensure reliability and security of

electricity network in Singapore

• Adoption of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)

to secure construction programme

• RFID tags to monitor location of employees at

entrance & exit of each sections of tunnel

Construction of Cable Tunnel

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Site visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) - The Venue Residences Contractor : Dragages Singapore Ptd Ltd

Design for Safety - Diaphragm Wall is adopted for

both temporary works and

permanent structure for 3 levels

basement (approx. 11m)

Four residential blocks with podium

and three levels basement

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences Diaphragm wall & Basement construction sequence - Top down construction

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2

4

1

Immediate construction platform

created by top down construction

No further ELS required

for Excavation and Pile

Cap construction

Diaphragm Wall already

installed during piling stage

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences

Design for Safety - Diaphragm Wall • Three levels Basement required Excavation more than 11m depth

• Diaphragm wall is chosen instead of sheet piling ELS

• More expansive option adopted for sake of safety and programme

Benefits • Safe and strut free working area

• Very robust - permanent wall instead of temporary sheet pile

• Enhance programme and save several months – Concurrent

construction with diaphragm wall completed before piling

completion. (traditional ELS and piling works are carried out in

separate period)

• Apart from earth retaining, it cut out ground water during

construction

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences

Diaphragm Wall

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences

Diaphragm Wall

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences

Site water treatment system using recycled water for site cleaning

Shoe washing bay Vehicle washing Bay

Site water treatment system

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences

Site residence accommodation for imported workers

Site Residence Residential Room

Washing facilities Kitchen

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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences

Welfare Facilities

Bicycles Parking Facilities Canteen

Smoking Area Fitness facilities

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Construction of a

LTA Station plus

7.5km Integrated

Rail and Road

Viaduct

Integrated Rail &

Road Viaduct

Site visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project Contractor : Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co. Ltd.

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Design for safety – Construction above traffic roads

• Precast Segments Erection By Balanced Cantilever

• Heavy tandem lifting by using mobile cranes for the

station viaduct segmental beams and precast beams

within the narrow working space and traffic restriction

Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project

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Segment Erection by using mobile cranes

Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project

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Site safety – Contrasting color of staircase treads

Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project

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Site safety of block wall construction

• Adoption of metal lintel and frame for block wall to enhance progress and

quality of works

• Use mechanical platform for laying block works to enhance site safety

Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project

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Site Visit 4 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) - Bedok Station Construction Project Contractor : General and Turnkey Contractor

Construction of LTA station and tunnel

Site Assessment System • Site Audit System of LTA for

Environmental and Site Safety

• The money will be deducted for low

score of ESS Assessment system

as per Contract Specifications

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Site Visit 4 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Bedok Station Construction Project

Environmental management - Tall noise barriers are provided adjacent to noise sensitive building

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Thank You