chapter 12: web authoring tools section v: using multimedia authoring tools to enhance learning
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Chapter 12: Web Authoring ToolsChapter 12: Web Authoring ToolsSection V: Using Multimedia Authoring Tools to Enhance LearningSection V: Using Multimedia Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Learner ObjectivesLearner ObjectivesAt the completion of study, learners will be able to:– discuss research that supports the development of
usable, accessible web design.
– use terminology associated with basic web design.
– describe various methods used to create web pages and the pros and cons of each method.
– establish a web account, a public_html folder, and create a homepage (index.html)
– create a folder structure for the organization of web files, transfer files and work with graphics
– discuss ethical and legal use of images and files in a web environment.
– distinguish between information suitable for school versus classroom web sites.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Learner Objectives, cont’dLearner Objectives, cont’dAt the completion of study, learners
will be able to:– examine classroom web sites that serve as
communication, showcase, and instructional tools for students and parents.
– identify elements that facilitate accessibility in web pages
– plan, design, and publish an accessible “classroom” website to serve as a communication and resource tool for students and their parents for curricular purposes.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: What is a web page?Basics: What is a web page?A web page is an document written
in HTML code and uploaded to a remote server for others to access on the WWW.
• group of related web pages make up a web site
• web pages are multimedia documents and contain text and graphics. Some contain audio and video clips.
• web sites are non-linear and are navigated with hyperlinks
• the entry to a web site is the homepage which is named index.html or (default.html)
• The server administrator will explain how to name the homepage.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Benefits of web publishingBasics: Benefits of web publishingThere are multiple reasons for schools, teachers AND students to design web pages.
• cost of web publication vs.. print-based
• color is free on web
• distribution
• instant revisions
• ability to include multimedia elements
• ability to archive documents without stacks of paper
• ability to link students to huge amounts of information
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Information for School SitesBasics: Information for School SitesThe information on school sites is general in nature and apply to the entire population at the school.
• Typical information categories for school sites
– general information
– school administration
– school policies
– calendar of events
– extracurricular activities
– school newsletter
– parent organizations
• Within each category, there are sub-categories (see book) and should be decided for each school.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Information for Teacher SitesBasics: Information for Teacher SitesThe information on teacher sites serves to communicate with students, parents and others.
• Typical information categories for teacher sites
– general information
– bio page
– instructional information
– showcase of student work
– class newsletter
– always links to school homepage and origin (faculty page)
• Within each category, there are typical sub-categories (see book) and others to be decided by teacher-designer.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Methods for Creating PagesBasics: Methods for Creating PagesWeb pages are created using one of
four methods:
1. Writing HTML code
2. Using a HTML editor
3. Using a WYSIWIG editor
4. Using a template or wizard (online)
5. Let’s take a closer look at each of the methods.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
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Basics: Writing HTML codeBasics: Writing HTML code
Initially all web pages were created by writing HTML code.
– extremely time-consuming
– no longer mandatory
– written with a series of “mark-up” tags
– mark-up tags have two parts
• opening tag <title>
• ending tag </title>
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Standard Mark-up CodeBasics: Standard Mark-up CodeStandard mark-up code is the minimum code required for all web pages.
<html>
<head>
<title> untitled document </title>
</head>
<body>
Major part of information is here.
</body>
</html>
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics:HTML editorsBasics:HTML editors
HTML editors allow authors to create/format a web page using a menu but there are significant limitations to design options.
– Examples
• Coffee Cup: download a trial version for Windows
• NoteTab: download a trial version for Windows
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: WYSIWYG editors Basics: WYSIWYG editors
What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) is a group of editors that allows the user to work in a document area similar to a word processor.
Multimedia elements are easily inserted.– Examples range from professional to free options
• MS FrontPage• Adobe GoLive• Macromedia DreamWeaver**: most popular• NVu: free (limited features)• Mozilla Composer: free with the browser (limited)
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Obtaining server spaceBasics: Obtaining server spaceServer space is offered by many entities. There are features to examine before choosing.
Pre-service teachers
– typically given free web space on their university server
– while they are actively pursuing a degree.
In-service teachers
– typically given free web space on their school server
– content limited to classroom business
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
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Basics: Obtaining server space (cont’d)Basics: Obtaining server space (cont’d)Server space for personal pages can be obtained for a fee from many hosts.
Check out features and benefits.
– Contract requirements: Time requirement?
– Cost for service: set-up fee, monthly charge?
– Disk space offered ?
– Site management?
– Support offered: 24 hours? Free?
– Domain names offered: Free?
– Required to use template or may you use another design tool?
– Reliability
– Security
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Building the folder structureBasics: Building the folder structureA folder structure is used for
organization. This is similar to a filing cabinet with the drawers being the different folders.
Root folder – base folder that holds all web folders/files– contains a universal homepage (index.html)
• Provides links/navigation to other folders or pages– contains project folders
• each folder has an entry (index.html) to the information in that folder
• each folder contains an images (art; graphics) folder to hold images
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Naming web filesBasics: Naming web files
Files should follow common web practices to allow them to work correctly and easy to locate.
Naming the files– each file is given a name (identity)
• Short• Descriptive• Lowercase• No spaces (may use an underscore ( _ )
– each file is given an extension • Tells the user the file type• Web docs have .html or .htm• Graphics have .gif or .jpeg, or .png
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Web Page ComponentsBasics: Web Page ComponentsWeb pages have components that are
commonly found.
Basic components:– text– images– tables – hyperlinks
• internal (relative to the site)
• external (outside the site)
– navigation scheme
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Planning the ProcessBasics: Planning the ProcessPlanning the site and the
navigation is one of the most important steps to a good design.
• Use the storyboard chart to plan the classroom site design and the way that your pages will link to each other.
• Plan the page design that will be used.– Background colors
– Typeface and colors
– Graphics
• Write the message for each page.• Locate the graphics (check copyright) for each page.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Basics: Writing for the WebBasics: Writing for the WebWriting the message for web pages is different than writing for printed pages.
– Reading long blocks of text is tedious on the Web
– Writing should be concise.
• Consider using lists
– Match writing style to target audience.
– Match writing to reading ability.
– Avoid long pages that require scrolling.
Section V:Using Multimedia
Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning
Chapter 12:Web Authoring
Tools
Adapting for Special LearnersAdapting for Special LearnersAttention to accessiblity helps
make the site usable by the widest audience.
1. Creating a template structure insures consistency.
2. High contrast between the background and text.
– Avoid tile backgrounds.– Consider for those with color deficiencies.
• Provide alternative text for all images (alt tags).• Use images only when the text is enhanced.• Give option to link to a page without graphics that can
easily be read by a screen reader. • Links and titles should be descriptive and meaningful.• Summarize in charts and graphs.• Design tables being mindful of screen readers.
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