chapter 17 section 2 reaction rate p. 568-579 1 reaction kinetics chapter 17 modern chemistry...
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Chapter 17 Section 2 Reaction Rate p. 568Chapter 17 Section 2 Reaction Rate p. 568-579-579
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Reaction Reaction KineticsKinetics
Chapter 17 Chapter 17 Modern Modern
ChemistryChemistry
Sections 1 & 2Sections 1 & 2The Reaction The Reaction
ProcessProcessReaction RateReaction Rate
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Reaction Reaction RateRate
Section 17.2Section 17.2
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Chemical Kinetics: The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms.
The change in concentration of a reactant (or a product) per unit time as a reaction proceeds is called the reaction rate.
Rate of ReactionRate of Reaction
- [reactant a] time
[product b] timeor
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Any change in reaction conditions that affects the collision frequency, the collision efficiency, or the collision energy affects the reaction rate.
IF COLLISIONS ARE INCREASE, THE RATE WILL INCREASE.
Rate of ReactionRate of Reaction
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Nature of Nature of ReactantsReactants
TemperatureTemperature Surface AreaSurface Area ConcentrationConcentration CatalystCatalyst
Rate Influencing FactorsRate Influencing Factors
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An increase in temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the particles.
This increases the number of collisions and the energy of collision.
To be effective, the energy of the collisions must be equal to or greater than the activation energy.
At higher temperatures, more particles possess enough energy to form the activated complex.
TemperatureTemperature
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Plop, PlopPlop, PlopFizz, FizzFizz, Fizz
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Breaking and making bonds cause a reaction. So….
Reaction rate is dependant on the type of bond and the molecule it’s in.
It cannot be adjusted to improve reaction rate.
Nature of ReactantsNature of Reactants
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In heterogeneous reactions, the reaction rate depends on the area of contact of the reaction substances.
An increase in surface area, increases the rate of heterogeneous reactions.
Surface AreaSurface Area
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To increase surface area, break the substance up into smaller pieces.
Surface AreaSurface Area
Chapter 17 Section 2 Reaction Rate p. 568Chapter 17 Section 2 Reaction Rate p. 568-579-579
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Lycopodium Lycopodium Powder Powder ExplosionExplosion
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Increasing the concentration increases the number of collisions.
As the number of molecules in the system increases, so does the total number of possible collisions between them.
If the number of effective collisions increases, the rate increases.
ConcentrationConcentration
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GummyGummyBearBearSacrificeSacrifice
http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/chemistry/institutes/1988/gummybear.htm
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Cata
lyst
sCa
taly
sts
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A catalyst is a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being permanently consumed.
How a Catalyst Worksprovides an alternative energy pathway
or reaction mechanismmay form an alternative activated
complex that requires a lower activation energy
CatalystCatalyst
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HH22OO
22 Cat
alys
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atal
ysts
notes
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A catalyst is not included as a reactant or product – it is written above the arrow.
Two Types of CatalystsHomogeneous Catalyst- A catalyst that is
in the same phase as all the reactants and products in a reaction system.
Heterogeneous Catalyst – A catalyst in a different form than that of the reactants
CatalystCatalyst
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Type
s of
Cat
alys
tTy
pes
of C
atal
yst
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TheTheHeterogeneousHeterogeneousCatalyticCatalyticDecomposition of Decomposition of AcetoneAcetone
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Ch 17 Sec 2 HomeworkCh 17 Sec 2 Homework
Ch 17 Review Sheet
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Ch 17 Sec 2 HomeworkCh 17 Sec 2 Homework
Prepare for Rate of a Chemical Reaction Lab on page 586
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MoviesMovies
Insert Holt: Visualizing Matter Disc 2
TEMPERATURE
SURFACE AREA
DECREASING RATE
CONTACT OFREACTANTS
CONCENTRATION
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