chemistry, chapter 1 - amazon s3 to chemistry matter and change ... blood( red blood cells, ......

Chemistry, Chapter 1Intro to Chemistry Matter and ChangeProperties Of Matter

Chemistry

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

Classifying Matter

Matter- anything that has mass and volume

All matter is composed of tiny moving particles called

atoms = smallest unit of an element that keeps the

properties of that element

All matter can be broken into two categories:

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Pure Substance- substance that has a fixed composition. Can

only be broken down by breaking chemical bonds.

Fixed composition- a substance that has the same

proportion by mass every time. EX: H2O vs H2O2

Element- pure substance made of only one type of atom: EX:

Au, F, Sn, He

Molecule- two or more atoms of the same type bonded

together(H2 , O3)

Compound- substance composed of two or more types of

atoms that are chemically bonded [NaCl, NaHCO3, MgSO4]

Mixtures Mixtures- blend of two or more pure substances-

NOT chemically combined Mixtures do not have a “fixed composition” , the components

of the mixture can be present in any amount.

Can be separated by physical processes

Heterogeneous- not the same throughout, each part has different properties. Ex: Blood( red blood cells, whites blood cells, plasma), sand, concrete, granite

Homogeneous- the same throughout. Ex: sugar dissolved in tea, salt water, air, soda.

Properties of Matter Chemists use characteristic properties of a substance

to:

tell substances apart

Identify substances

separate them from other substances

Certain properties define an entire group of substances-

EX: metals are good conductors of electricity

EX: solid non-metals have low luster

Types of Properties

Extensive- a property that depends on the amountof matter present- think of it this way if an extensive

property changes so does how much matter you have!

EX: volume, mass, length

Intensive- a property that does not depend on the amount of matter present

Ex: density, boiling point, ability to conduct, color, odor, luster, malleability, hardness