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Citizen Science Reference Model

Citizen Science: data and service infrastructure meeting

JRC, Ispra, Italy

Tuesday, January 26th – 27th , 2016

Arne J. Berre, Arne.J.Berre@sintef.no

Internet

Data Tools & Technology WG 2014

IoT

(Internet

of Things)

IoP

(Internet

of People)

Smart

Devices

Citizen

Science

Starting point ….

Conceptual models

for Internet of People

Physical

layerElectrical signal and cabling

Data Link (MAC)

layerTransmits packets from node

to node based on station

address

Network

layerRoutes data to different LANs

and WANs based on network

address

Transport

layerEnsure delivery of entire file or

message

Session

layerStarts, stops session.

Maintain order

Presentation

layerEncription data conversions:

ASCII to EBCDIC,

BCD to Binary, etc ...

Application

layerType of communication:

e-mail, file transfer,

client server, etc ...

Network

User

Interoperability

Privacy/Security

Data reliability

Intellectual property rights

Engagement

Others … ?

IoP Topics

Open Systems Interconnection

(OSI) model

???

Roadmap options

Interoperability

Privacy/Security

Data reliability

Intellectual property rights

Engagement

Others … ?

1

2

3

4

5

6

6

4

1

4

2

3IoP Topics

6

1 2

3 4

5

1 2 3 4 5 6

Creation of

subcommittee

s

Topics for IoP

(Workshop GA, Thursday)

Interoperability (Arne, Luigi, Anne -USA-)

Privacy/Security (John, Anne)

Data reliability (Jaume, Bernat, Jorge, Aitana, Fede,

Veljo)

Infrastructure Sustainability (Sven, Emmanuela,

Alessandro)

Data Management

Intellectual property rights (Wouter, Zen)

Engagement (Social Networks) (Helen)

Human /Computer interactions (Jaime)

Reference models (some transversal, Arne)

Testing (Jamie)

Proposal: Reference ModelLife Cycle Perspective/Information Value chain:

SDI/Inspire, Big Data information value chain, ….

Interoperability levels

European Interoperability Framework (EIF version 2.0) – 4 Interoperability

areas: (Legal (IPR), Organisational (People, IoP), Semantic(Meaning),

Technical (6 areas (19119))

IT Value chain

ISO 19119, OGC Topic 12 Architectural Reference Model – 6 areas:

(Boundary (Human/Sensor(IoT)), Processing/analytics, Workflow/Orchestration

(lifecycle), Data/Model management, Communication, System management

(User,Metadata, Security/Privacy))

Non functional aspects: Veracity/Reliability/Uncertainty, Multilinguality, ..

(Missing areas/dimensions? )

Proposed CS Reference Model

CS Information Value Chain (ISO 19119, SDI ++)

CS IT Value Chain (ISO 19119)

CS

Non

Functional

Aspects

CS Interoperability Framework (EIF)

Political context/Policy Interoperability

Legal Interoperability

Organisational Interoperability

Semantic Interoperability

Technical Interoperability

Life cycle perspective –

Information Value Chain

SDI:

Big Data:

Citizen Science: ?

Data Acquisition Services , Data Publication and Discovery Services, Data View Services,

Invocation Services

Security/Rights Management Services

User-perspective Lifecycle

model for Services

Life cycle perspective of data

with composite services

Data Acquisition Services are services for the acquisition of data through physical and human

sensors etc.

Data Publication and Discovery Services are services for the registration, publication and retrieval

of data/datasets

Data View Services are services for the retrieval and access to data

Invocation Services are services that access data for the purpose of computations and data

analytics, application processing and visualisation of data

Security/Rights Management Services are services for management of user accounts and user

access privileges, including security and privacy.

GEOSS

Clearinghouse

GEO Portals

GEOSS/INSPIRE/Member State

Common Infrastructures

Components

& Services

Standards &

Interoperability

Best Practices

User Requirements

Registries

CITI-SENSE Observatory

Web Apps, Mobile Apps, GEO-PORTALS, REPORTING

Business Process Tier

Registers:

Ontologies

App Schemas

…..

User & Rights Management

Visualisation

& Portrayal

Services

Data

Composition

& Fusion

Services

Semantic

Annotation,

Mediation &

Discovery

Discovery Service

Data Access Tier

OGC Web Services

(WFS, WCS, SOS)

Event Services

(WS-N, SAS, SES)

Download

Services

Vocabularies

Metadata editor

Workflow Management & Orchestration (Service Chaining)

Model

Transformation

& Model-as-a

Service

Uncertainty

Handling &

Provenance

Sensor Platform Tier

Smart Phone

Mobile Sensors

Mobile Devices, Apps, VGI

Bluetooth

Low Energy

(BLE)

Intelligent

Gateways

Adaptive Sensors(ThingML, Contiki, TinyOS, …)

In situ/Mobile Sensors

Wi-Fi Linked Data

Services

Discovery & View

Application

User Empowerment

Social mediaCitizen

Participation

Protocol for

Citizen Empowerment

CITI-SENSE Products and Services

OBSERVEPUBLISH

DISCOVER

COMPOSE

DISCUSS

ANALYSE

ACT

NOTIFYMANAGE

Human

Sensor

Data

Service

European Interoperability Framework (EIF)

Interoperability levels

Legal Interoperability: (Ownership, Intellectual

Property rights)

Organisational Interoperability: (Engagement, Social,

..)

Semantic Interoperability: (Meaning, Ontologies,

Reliability…)

Technical Interoperability: (HCI, Sensors, Data

Management, Communication, Security/Privacy, … ref.

ISO 19119)

The six classes of services

ISO

19119

Six types of servicesHuman/Boundary Interaction Services are services for management of user interfaces, graphics,

multimedia and for presentation of compound document, user interface dialogues and interaction with

other system boundary elements like physical sensors and actuators.

Model/Information Management Services are services for management of the development,

manipulation and storage of metadata, conceptual schemas and datasets

Workflow/Task Services are services for support of specific tasks or work-related activities

conducted by humans. These services support use of resources and development of products

involving a sequence of activities or steps that may be conducted by different persons or systems.

Processing Services are services that perform large-scale computations and data analytics

involving substantial amounts of data. Examples include services for providing the time of day, spelling

checkers and services that perform coordinate transformations (e.g., that accept a set of coordinates

expressed using one reference system and converting them to a set of coordinates in a different

reference system). A processing service does not include capabilities for providing persistent storage

of data or transfer of data over networks.

Communication Services are services for encoding and transfer of data across communications

networks.

System Management Services are services for the management of system components,

applications and networks. These services also include management of user accounts and user

access privileges, including security and privacy.

Citizens Observatory Software Toolbox components –

based on the ISO 19119 Service Architecture model

Data and ThingsManagementservices

Processingservices

Composition &Orchestrationservices

Boundary andInteractionservices

Communication servicesManagement

and

Security

services

CO Sensors,Apps&Portals

COWorkflow

COCommunicationArchitecture

COUser,SecurityandPrivacy

CO DataProcessing

CO DataManagement

The ISO/TC211, ISO 19119

Architectural reference model

Interoperability and the Architectural reference model

Data and ThingsManagementservices

Processingservices

Composition &Orchestrationservices

Interactionservices

Communication servicesManagement

and

Security

services

Data and ThingsManagementservices

Processingservices

Composition &Orchestrationservices

Interactionservices

Communication servicesManagement

and

Security

services

Legal Interoperability

Organisational Interoperability

Semantic Interoperability

Technical Interoperability

Topics for IoP – Mapped to proposed

Reference Model

Interoperability – Reference models

Privacy/Security – Legal and system management

(security/privacy)

Data reliability – Non functional aspects

Infrastructure Sustainability – Life cycle/non

functional

Data Management – Semantics and Data services

Intellectual property rights – Legal interoperability

Engagement (Social Networks) - Organisational

Human /Computer interactions – Boundary pres

Reference models – Reference models

Testing – life cycle / development / operation

Reference Model – mapped to topics

Political context – Policies

Legal Interoperability - Intellectual property rights

Organisational Interoperability - Engagement (Social

Networks)

Semantic Interoperability - Data Management

Technical Interoperability - Data Management,

Human /Computer interactions (Boundary),

Privacy/Security, (Communication, workflow,

Non functional aspects: Data reliability, Uncertainty,

Sustainability,

Process dimension, (Life cycle): Testing

Examples from projects ….

CITI-SENSE

Development of sensor-based Citizens‘

Observatory Community for improving quality

of life in cities

Citizens’ observatories – communities that share technological solutions,

information products and services and community participatory methods.

Complementing established environmental data and information systems,

improving local environmental decision making.

Nine cities (Barcelona, Belgrade, Edinburgh, Haifa, Ljubljana, Oslo, Ostrava,

Vienna, Vittoria) use sensors to gather data on outdoor urban spaces and

indoor school environments.

Political Context

EU Citizens Observatory project

Policies

Citizen Science

GEO/GEOSS, ….

Dates: 01/10/2012-30/09/2016

Duration: 48 months

Budget:12M€

Partners: 28 partner organisations from

Europe, Israel, South Korea and Australia

Grant agreement nº: 308524

Project web portal:

http://www.citi-sense.eu

Citizens’ observatory central web portal:

http://co.citi-sense.eu

CITI-SENSE

Project data

Legal Interoperability

User data - ownership

IPR

Open Data agreements

User agreements

Organisational Interoperability

User Motivation

Participation

Empowerment

Semantic Interoperability

Ontologies

Data Models

CITI-SENSE

Data

model

schema

for

WFS-T

Version 2.0

Technical Interoperability

Human/Boundary Interaction Services (Sensors, Apps, Web portals, Widgets, ...)

Model/Information Management Services (Data models, Data services, …)

Workflow/Task Services (Orchestration, Life cycle support, …)

Processing Services (Computational processing, Data fusion, …)

Communication Services (Synchronous, Asynchronous, REST, SOAP, Events, …)

System Management Services (User management, Security, Privacy, …)

CITI-SENSE Platform

Sensor

Application

Platforms

VESNADunavnet

OBSERVE-Static

--Mobile

--Questions

PUBLISHDISCOVER

COMPOSE

VISUALISEANALYSE

ACT

NOTIFYMANAGE

Human

SensorData

Service

….

GEOSS Common Infrastructure (GCI)

Component & Service Registry (CSR)

Discovery & Access Broker (DAB)

Ateknea outdoor portable air monitor and

Accelerometry

Geotech outdoor static air monitor

Atmospheric indoor static air

monitor

Obeo radon sensor

Tecnalia Kestrel, Smartphone Nexus and

Microphone thermal and acoustic monitors

Envirologgerdata server

ftp

Obeo data server

SensApp data server

CITI-SENSE SEDS

SpatialEnvironmental data

server

Visualization widgets

End users

U-hopper public perception survey, i.e., Outdoor air quality in citiesIndoor air quality in schools

Environmental quality in pubic spaces

CITI-SENSE air quality perception smartphone app

Data processing servicesData fusion services

AtmosphericData server

ftp

CSV-to-WFS

Ateknea data server

Boundary Services

(Human/Computer Interaction

and Sensors/Actuators)

Sensors, DIY, ..

Apps

Web Portals

UI Widgets

CITI-SENSE sensor units

Sense-it-Now App

Citizens’ Observatories Web Portals

Workflow services

Services to support the information value chain and

information life cycle – decision support

Processing services

Computational services – data fusion etc.

Data Management services

Support for the ontology, data resources and

representation, mapping to exchange models etc.

CITI-SENSE

Data

model

schema

for

WFS-T

Version 2.0

System Management services

User management

Mechanisms for security and access

Privacy, Anonymisation, etc.

Communication services

REST architecture and Microservices etc.

Synchronous and Asynchronous communication

support

Event/Notification services

CS Reference Model

is consistent with recent

NIST Big Data Interoperability

Framework (also input to new

ISO JTC1 work item on Big

Data, September 2015)

NIST Big Data Interoperability Framework

NIST Big Data Reference Architecture

Analysis of projects ….

Thank you for your attention!

–Find us on

CITI-SENSE CO’s central web portal: http://co.citi-sense.eu

Common CO project’s web site: http://www.citizen-obs.eu/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/groups/Citizens-observatories-

5164755

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/int.cit.obs

Twitter: https://twitter.com/Citizensobs

Email: Arne.J.Berre@sintef.no

CITI-SENSE web site: http://citi-sense.nilu.no/