classifying primary industries
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Classifying Primary Industries
• Primary activities• UK Coal mining industry
Primary activitiesDefinition-
“Economic activities which produce food, fuel, and raw materials, e.g. agriculture, mining, quarrying, fisheries, forestry and primary energy production”
Primary activitiesActivity CharacteristicsAgriculture The cultivation of crops and the tending
of animals
Forestry The Production of trees and timber
Fishing The harvesting of fish from the sea and rivers
Mining/Quarrying The extraction of minerals from the Earth’s crust
Primary Energy The harnessing of power produced directly, e.g. hydroelectric and wind power
Questions-a) Describe the main features of the world pattern of the percentages employed in agriculture shown above (on your map)b) Choose two continents and explain the differences
Oil- Oil- production and reservesproduction and reserves
Many countries have some commercial oil depositsNearly 2 thirds are in the Middle EastAfrica has almost as much oil in reserve as North AmericaSo why is Africa so poor?Only 4 African countries have realreal oil deposits (Algeria, Libya, Nigeria and Angola)
Oil in the world today
MechanisationMechanisationThe use of machines in place of manual labour or the use of animals. Until the 1700s there were few machines available to help people in the home, on the land, or in industry. There were no factories, only cottage industries, in which people carried out work, such as weaving, in their own homes for other people. The 1700s saw a long series of inventions, initially in the textile industry, that ushered in a machine age and brought about the Industrial Revolution.
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, Mining/Quarrying have all been affected directly by mechanisation
The problems faced by primary producers
Sustainability?Problems-
soil erosiontotal deforestationover-fishing
This all means economic opportunities are declining
Generally, primary workers receive lower wagesThis means a lot has to be done to earn a modest salaryThe reason-
Raw materials are at the bottom end of the production Raw materials are at the bottom end of the production process- process- no value has been addedno value has been added
The problems faced by primary producers
Now have a go at the questions on the Now have a go at the questions on the worksheetworksheet
Changes in UK Coal mining industryA case study
UK coal-mining industryThis case study demonstrates the changes that have affected a primary industry. The emphasis is on the more recent changesIt is certainly in your exam!
UK Coal-Mining You need to:
be able to describe and explain the reasons for the decline of the UK Coal industryunderstand the economic, social and environmental consequences of the decline
Your tasks-For next week you need to have: researched into the changes in the UK coal mining industry
remember to look specifically at economic, environmental and social consequences of the decline
Answer questions 1, 2 and 3 from the photocopy (Page 241)
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