cosmodrome : an experimental design to study movements …‘cosmodrome’: an experimental design...
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‘Cosmodrome’: an experimental design to study movements and behavior of the banana weevil,
Cosmopolites sordidus, using RFID
Dominique Carval
Philippe Tixier & Pierre-François Duyck
Cosmopolites sordidus
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Major pest of banana crops
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Major pest of banana crops
Nocturnally active
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Major pest of banana crops
Nocturnally active
Cryptic
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Major pest of banana crops
Nocturnally active
Hygrotropic
Cryptic
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Major pest of banana crops
Nocturnally active
Hygrotropic
Cryptic
Sexual dimorphism
(Gold et al. 2001)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Sexual dimorphism
females are larger than males(p-value < 0.0001)
02468
101214161820
Pe
rce
nt
of
ban
nan
a w
eev
il
Size (mm)
Females
Males
Cosmopolites sordidus
Sexual dimorphism
(Gold et al. 2001)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Sexual dimorphism
(Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Sexual dimorphism
Last abdominal sternite ♀
Last abdominal sternite ♂
(Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Sexual dimorphism
Last abdominal sternite ♀
Rostrum ♂
Rostrum ♀
Last abdominal sternite ♂
(Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insecte
Major pest of banana crops
Nocturnally active
Dispersion & movements
Hygrotropic
Cryptic
Sexual dimorphism
Cosmopolites sordidus
Dispersion & movements
Cosmopolites sordidus
Dispersion & movements
Slow and limited(1)
e.g. 0.5 meter per day
e.g. maximal distance of 9 meters per day
((1)
Vinatier et al. 2009; (2)
Vinatier et al. 2011; (3)
Roth & Willis 1963)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Dispersion & movements
Habitat dependant(2)
Slow and limited(1)
e.g. 0.5 meter per day
e.g. maximal distance of 9 meters per day
e.g. bare soil → probability of departure is high
e.g. banana plant → probability to stay is high
((1)
Vinatier et al. 2009; (2)
Vinatier et al. 2011; (3)
Roth & Willis 1963)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Dispersion & movements
Habitat dependant(2)
Slow and limited(1)
e.g. 0.5 meter per day
e.g. maximal distance of 9 meters per day
e.g. bare soil → probability of departure is high
e.g. banana plant → probability to stay is high
Humidity(3)
e.g. high humidity → sedentarity
e.g. low humidity → unsettlement
((1)
Vinatier et al. 2009; (2)
Vinatier et al. 2011; (3)
Roth & Willis 1963)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Dispersion & movements
((1)
Vinatier et al. 2009; (2)
Vinatier et al. 2011; (3)
Roth & Willis 1963)
Epidemiological front = colonization of banana plots
Spatial organization, habitat dependence
Interaction between individuals
Study of the behavioral response at local scale
Movements between neighbors banana plants
Local sex ratio
Local density of individuals by banana plant
Local mating
Local egg laying
Cosmopolites sordidus
(Cuillé 1950; Roth & Willis 1963; Gold et al. 2001)
Walking insect
Major pest of banana crops
Nocturnally active
Dispersion & movements
Hygrotropic
Cryptic
Sexual dimorphism
Density effects
Cosmopolites sordidus
Density effects
(Koppenhöfer 1993; Abera et al. 1999; Gold et al. 2002a)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Density effects
Oviposition rate is higher at low density
(Koppenhöfer 1993; Abera et al. 1999; Gold et al. 2002a)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Density effects
Oviposition rate is higher at low density
Larval survivorship is higher at low density
(Koppenhöfer 1993; Abera et al. 1999; Gold et al. 2002a)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Density effects
Oviposition rate is higher at low density
Larval survivorship is higher at low density
Larval developpment is quicker at high density
(Koppenhöfer 1993; Abera et al. 1999; Gold et al. 2002a)
Cosmopolites sordidus
Does the local density of banana weevil affect the behavior of individuals ?
Experimental design
Experimental design
Patch A Patch B
Sand Sand
Experimental design
← 1 meter →
Patch A Patch B
Experimental design
← 1 meter →
Patch A Patch B
antennas + recorders
Experimental design
← 1 meter →
Patch A Patch B
antennas + recorders
marked individuals with RFID tags
Experimental design
Patch A Patch B
detection and recording!!!
Experimental design
Patch A Patch B
Experimental design
!!!
detection and recording
Patch A Patch B
Experimental design
Patch A Patch B
movement of individual
Experimental design
Experimental design
Patch A Patch B
Experimental design
Patch A : rhizome Patch B : rhizome
Experimental design
Patch A : rhizome Patch B : rhizome
variation in density of marked individuals
Experimental design
Patch A : rhizome Patch B : rhizome
variation in density of marked individuals
Experimental design
Patch A : rhizome Patch B : rhizome
variation in density of marked individuals
Results
Results
Proportion of movers
Results
Proportion of movers
Individual mean number of movements
Results
Proportion of movers
Mean number of moves
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)
(Bolker et al. 2009)
Results
(Bolker et al. 2009)
Proportion of movers
Mean number of moves
glmer function
lme4 - R.2.13.0
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)
Results
(Bolker et al. 2009)
SexProportion of movers
Mean number of moves
glmer function
lme4 - R.2.13.0
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)
Results
(Bolker et al. 2009)
Sex
Density (d)
Proportion of movers
Mean number of moves
glmer function
lme4 - R.2.13.0
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)
Results
(Bolker et al. 2009)
Sex
Density (d)
Error
Proportion of movers
Mean number of moves
glmer function
lme4 - R.2.13.0
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)
Poisson
Binomial
Results
(Bolker et al. 2009)
Sex
Density (d)
Error
Random effects
Proportion of movers
Mean number of moves
glmer function
lme4 - R.2.13.0
Experiment
Individual
Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs)
Poisson
Binomial
Results
Proportion of movers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Pe
rce
nta
ge o
f in
div
idu
als
Number of movements
females
males
Results
Proportion of movers
Results
Proportion of movers
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 10 20 30 40
Pe
rce
nta
ge o
f m
ove
rs
Number of individuals
predict females predict males
data females data males
Results
Proportion of movers
Model df AIC Δ AIC Log-Likelihood P-value
sex + d + d² + 1/d
sex * d + d² + 1/d
sex * d + d²
sex * d + 1/d
sex * d
sex
Null
7
8
6
6
5
4
3
388.8
387.6
400.5
413.3
411.6
410.1
411.0
1.2
11.7
24.5
22.8
21.3
21.2
-187.38
-185.83
-194.25
-199.80
-201.05
-202.52
0.08
< 0.001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
-200.66
Results
Proportion of movers
Model df AIC Δ AIC Log-Likelihood P-value
sex + d + d² + 1/d
sex * d + d² + 1/d
sex * d + d²
sex * d + 1/d
sex * d
sex
Null
7
8
6
6
5
4
3
388.8
387.6
400.5
413.3
411.6
410.1
411.0
1.2
11.7
24.5
22.8
21.3
21.2
-187.38
-185.83
-194.25
-199.80
-201.05
-202.52
0.08
< 0.001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
-200.66
Results
Proportion of moversprediction of the model : sex and density effects
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 10 20 30 40
Pe
rce
nta
ge o
f m
ove
rs
Number of individuals
predict females predict males
data females data males
Results
Proportion of moversprediction of the model : sex and density effects
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 10 20 30 40
Pe
rce
nta
ge o
f m
ove
rs
Number of individuals
predict females predict males
data females data males
Results
Proportion of movers
Results
Proportion of movers
More individuals move at very low and intermediate densities
Results
Proportion of movers
More individuals move at very low and intermediate densities
Percentage of individuals that moves is
higher for ♀ than ♂
Results
Individual mean number of movements
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 10 20 30 40
Me
an n
um
be
r o
f m
ove
me
nts
Number of individuals
predict females predict males
data females data males
Results
Individual mean number of movements
Model df AIC Δ AIC Log-Likelihood P-value
sex * d + d² + 1/d
sex * d + d²
sex * d + 1/d
sex * d
sex
Null
8
7
7
6
4
3
520.6
550.5
568.7
566.9
566.8
568.5
29.9
48.1
46.3
46.2
47.9.6
-252.28
-268.23
-277.35
-277.47
-279.42
-281.23
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
sex + d + d² + 1/d 7 524.7 4.1 -268.23 < 0.05
Results
Individual mean number of movements
Model df AIC Δ AIC Log-Likelihood P-value
sex * d + d² + 1/d
sex * d + d²
sex * d + 1/d
sex * d
sex
Null
8
7
7
6
4
3
520.6
550.5
568.7
566.9
566.8
568.5
29.9
48.1
46.3
46.2
47.9.6
-252.28
-268.23
-277.35
-277.47
-279.42
-281.23
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
sex + d + d² + 1/d 7 524.7 4.1 -268.23 < 0.05
Results
Individual mean number of movementsprediction of the model : sex and density effects
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 10 20 30 40
Me
an n
um
be
r o
f m
ove
me
nts
Number of individuals
predict females predict males
data females data males
Results
Individual mean number of movementsprediction of the model : sex and density effects
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 10 20 30 40
Me
an n
um
be
r o
f m
ove
me
nts
Number of individuals
predict females predict males
data females data males
Results
Individual mean number of movements
Individuals move more at very low and intermediate densities
Results
Individual mean number of movements
Individuals move more at very low and intermediate densities
♀ move more than ♂
Discussion & Perspectives
Discussion & Perspectives
How to explain the behavior of C. sordidus in response to variation in local density of patch?
Discussion & Perspectives
How to explain the behavior of C. sordidus in response to variation in local density of patch?
Hypothesis : two effects of the local density
Discussion & Perspectives
How to explain the behavior of C. sordidus in response to variation in local density of patch?
Mating
Hypothesis : two effects of the local density
Discussion & Perspectives
How to explain the behavior of C. sordidus in response to variation in local density of patch?
Mating Resources
Hypothesis : two effects of the local density
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates -
available resources ++
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates -
available resources ++
move
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates +available resources +
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates +available resources +
stay
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates ++
available resources --
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates ++
available resources --
move
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates ++
available resources ---
Discussion & Perspectives
Local density of individuals
Mates
Resources
available mates ++
available resources ---
stay
Discussion & Perspectives
How to explain the behavior of C. sordidus in response to variation in local density of patch?
Hypothesis : two effects of the local density
How to explain the difference in response to variation in local density of patch between
males and females?
Discussion & Perspectives
How to explain the behavior of C. sordidus in response to variation in local density of patch?
Hypothesis : two effects of the local density
How to explain the difference in response to variation in local density of patch between
males and females?
Hypothesis : egg laying
Discussion & Perspectives
More replicates are needed !
Discussion & Perspectives
More replicates are needed !
Effect of the sex ratio
Discussion & Perspectives
More replicates are needed !
Effect of the sex ratio
Effect of the size of individuals
Discussion & Perspectives
More replicates are needed !
Effect of the sex ratio
Effect of the size of individuals
Effect of the mating status
Discussion & Perspectives
More replicates are needed !
Effect of the sex ratio
Effect of the size of individuals
Effect of the mating status
Modelisation of the patch choice
Discussion & Perspectives
More replicates are needed !
Effect of the sex ratio
Effect of the size of individuals
Effect of the mating status
Modelisation of the patch choice
Modelisation of epidemiological front
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