Proposals for the Government Program on Promoting Voluntary Resettlement in the Russian Federation of

Former Residents Now Living Abroad

Svobodny Cosmodrome: a Potential Space Industry Cluster and

Development Corridor in Russia’s Amur Region

Institute of Demography, Migration, and Regional Development

Yuri Krupnov2007

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Reversing the population outflow

President Vladimir Putin said in December 2006:

“Ultimately, all our plans must aim to make the Far East a comfortable and attractive place for people to live.”

• Reverse the outflow from the Russian Far East

• Promote internal immigration- from Russia’s Western regions- from among our compatriots living abroad

Turn the migration vector around180 degrees!

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Raise population densityand skill levels

Goals of the State Program:

Reverse depopulation Create skilled manufacturing jobs

Combined result: higher population density and skill levels in the border areas

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The population density objective

Current population density

Amur Region 2.4 per sq km

Heilongjiang Province 80 per sq km

OBJECTIVE – in 5 years, raise the Amur Region’s population density to 2.8 – 3.0 people per square km, from 873,000 inhabitants to 1,000,000.

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Five clusters — the technological basis for developing the Amur Region

The regional governor wants to organize tens of thousands of new high-skilled jobs in:

Timber processing Space services industry Machine-building Soybeans Transport and energy

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The core of the project to resettle the Amur Region The core of the project to resettle the Amur Region could becould be

creation of a full-fledged cosmodrome based oncreation of a full-fledged cosmodrome based on

the the SVOBODNY LAUNCH FACILITYSVOBODNY LAUNCH FACILITYand the military town of and the military town of

UGLEGORSKUGLEGORSK

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Competitive advantages of a Svobodny Cosmodrome

Greatest skilled manpower concentration in Russia’s eastern half

Best launch location in Russia – 52º North Latitude

Excellent available angles of launch

Empty areas for Launch Hazard Zones

Capacity to launch sun-synchronous or geosynchronous satellites, and manned spacecraft

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Strategic Region #1 − the western Pacific Oceanalong the coast of China

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THREE OPTIONSFOR THE SVOBODNY COSMODROME AND UGLEGORSK

Closing of the space

launch facility and Uglegorsk

Maintaining a small-scale

satellite launch center

Creation of the first Russian

National Cosmodrome

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The first national cosmodrome can be based on a space transport system

using Zenith-class rocketsand the Clipper shuttle,

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satellite launchesby light Start-class rockets,

and spacecraft control functions

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EASTERN DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR

UGLEGORSK – KOMSOMOLSK-ON-AMUR

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The “Long” Eastern The “Long” Eastern Development CorridorDevelopment Corridor

A transportation arcA transportation arc

Amur-Yakutsk HighwayAmur-Yakutsk Highway – – UglegorskUglegorsk – – KomsomolskKomsomolsk – –

((SelikhinoSelikhino – – SakhalinSakhalin – – HokkaidoHokkaido))

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Down the road –– a bridge to Sakhalin Island

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A cluster based on the Svobodny CosmodromeA cluster based on the Svobodny CosmodromeRussian Federation

Government, Far East Federal District, RF Ministry of Defense

Vostok federal space center under Roskosmos

Regional and local

governments

Svobodny Cosmodrome management

Consortium of aerospace companies, developing the

Svobodny Cosmodrome

Supplier companies for space services, in Far East

Federal District

Financial and insurance organizations

Science organizations, Space Training Center

Infrastructure provider companies

Companies in related sectors

Customers for space services

Schools and universitiesChildren’s Space

Academy

Innovational space technology park

Military and other R&D organizations

Space R&D organizations contracted by Svobodny

Cosmodrome

Intermediary companies (suppliers of raw

materials, parts, and machinery for the

aerospace industry)

SVOBODNY Far East

Space Cluster

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An urban complex around Uglegorsk, Svobodny, Shimanovsk, Seryshevo, and Gar

Future population: 200,000

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Uglegorsk has housing andother social infrastructure

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1919

2020

A space industry-centered Special Economic Zone will attract Russian and foreign

investment. Besides China, foreign partners could include Singapore, South Korea, and

Japan.