cytoplasm cytoskeleton nucleus nucleolus ribosomes rough e.r. smooth e.r. plasma membrane golgi...

Cytoplasm

Cytoskeleton

NucleusNucleolus

Ribosomes

Rough E.R.

Smooth E.R.

Plasma Membrane

Golgi Apparatus

Mitochondria

Vacuole

Lysosome

Plasma Membrane

The Plasma Membrane of cells are made up of a PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER

Hydrophilic Head

Hydrophobic Tails

“water-loving”

“water-fearing”

PHOSPHOLIPID

The Plasma Membrane of cells also have

PROTEINS and CHOLESTEROL• Help movement

across the membrane

• Detect materials outside the cell

• Help keep the membrane fluid and wavy

___IN___Nutrients- sugars (glucose)- proteins- fatsSaltsO2

H2O

___OUT___Waste- ammonia- salts- CO2

Products- Proteins

H2O

INSID

EO

UTSID

E• Uncharged smaller particles can pass through the

membrane• Charged particles (+/-) or large particles cannot

LIPIDS O2CO2

SALT+/-

WASTES

STARCH GLUCOSE

Large and/or charged particles must use Transport Proteins or Protein Channels to pass through the plasma membrane

Simple Diffusion vs. Facilitated Diffusion

• Move from HIGH to LOW through a transport protein

• Move from HIGH to LOW directly through the lipid bilayer

Passive Transport: diffusion occurs down the Concentration Gradient

Sometimes, transport needs to occur AGAINST the Concentration Gradient

Example: Glucose

Cells must use ACTIVE TRANSPORT to go against the gradient

Active Transport uses ATP Energy to push materials from LOW to HIGH concentration

Simple Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Passiv

e

Tran

sp

ort

Active Transport

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prfMUwjobo8

How does endocytosis and exocytosis work?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdCrZm_JAp0