dental caries begins at a very early age. dental caries prevalence studies conducted in developed...

Prevalence of Dental

Caries in Patient Attended

the Conservative Clinic.

March – May 2010

University of Aden Faculty of Dentistry

Department of Conservative DentistryMay.2010

Prepared by:Halah Al Farra

Samah Abdul RhimAlaa Mohammad

Heba FekriNagween Badr

Azal FadelMohammad Najeeb

Abeer Jamal

Supervised by :Asso.Prof.Dr. Nayda Nasco

Dr. Marwan A. Wahab Al - TamimiDr. Hamed Mohammad Al - Haddad

Prevalence of Dental Caries in Patient Attending Conservative Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry..

Dental Caries ..“a disease process resulting in the demineralization of dental hard tissues by microbial activity”.

The most spread disease in humans, with a mean prevalence of 90 %.

Responsible for around 40 to 45 % of all lost teeth.

Introduction ..

Other Complications : • Loss of chewing capacity• Psychological disturbances• Aesthetical problems

Dental caries begins at a very

early age.

Dental Caries prevalence studies

conducted in developed countries

showed a decrease in the frequency and

severity of disease ..

However, it is considered to exist a bio morbidity in the distribution of the

disease, at different human groups due to social differences.

ETIOLOGY of DENTAL CARIESBacteria

Diet

Tooth

Time

Other Factors …• oral hygiene

• frequent consumption of carbohydrates • previous experience of caries, • severity of the lesions

•age, • characteristics of the saliva, • inexistence fluoride therapies, • socio-economic factors .• and others...

In respect to the bad oral hygiene numerous studies have shown that this is a significant risk factor in the incidence of dental caries and in its prevalence .

Deficiencies in Oral Hygiene

accumulation of dental plaque

reducing the clearing of acids formed by microorganisms

facilitate demineralization of the hard tooth tissues

prevent remineralization of demineralized surfaces

increase of the caries

risk

Aims of the Study• Determine the prevalence

of dental caries in patient attended the Conservative Clinic of Aden Faculty of Dentistry.

• Determine the severity of dental caries in patient attended the Conservative Clinic of Aden Faculty of Dentistry.

• To establish a relationship between the prevalence of dental caries, gender and

age.• To establish a relationship between the severity of dental caries and oral

hygiene.

Materials and MethodsType of study :

Observational Retrospective ..

Universe : Total number (364) of dental sheets of

patientsFrom March to May 2010some of the sheets were excluded from the study

due to the lack or not well understandable information .

• D = Decayed ..

The prevalence of dental caries was

determined by using DMFT index , in which :

Excluded from this study :1. The third molar (if present) .2. Primary teeth 3. Teeth that were lost by causes

other than caries .

• M = Missing ..

• F = Filled ..

• T = Tooth ..

Severity of carious lesions according to GRIMEP

Interpretation :

Puntuation Degree of severity 0 Healthy1 – 2 Low

3 - 5 Moderate 6 High

Clinical Situation Significance

Healthy 0

only in occlusal surfaces 1

buccal fissure of lower molars, palatal fissure of upper molars

or upper incisors2

proximal surfaces of molars and premolars 3

proximal surfaces of anterior teeth 4

smooth surfaces of posterior teeth 5

smooth surfaces of anterior teeth 6

Results and Discussion of the Study

Distribution of patients attended at the Conservative Clinic according to age

and gender

1<19 20-24 25-39 40-59 ≥ 60

MaleFemale

TOTAL

1<19 28.820-24 2525-39 26.940-59 16.5≥ 60 2.7

DMFTOTAL

MALE FEMALE< 20 4.04 4.78 4.3

20 - 24 4.3 3.35 3.9825 - 39 3.44 4.4 3.9140 - 59 6.67 6.54 6.5860 and

+ 9.25 16 10.6

TOTAL 4.44 4.96 4.66

DMFT index according to gender and group of age

The DMFT index at age 12 in 1990 was 3.1.

Male47%Female

53%

1<19 20-24 25-39 40-59 ≥ 60

4.04 4.33.44

6.67

9.25

4.873.35 4.4

6.54

16

Male Female

DMFT index according to gender

and group of age

Relative contribution of the components to the total index

F26%

M14%

D60%

D = Decayed ..M = Missing

.. F = Filled ..

D M F

13.00%

50.90%

35.80%

Relative contribution of the components to the total index in patients more than 60 years old

Male Female0

102030405060708090

100

9.6 13.5

90.4 86.5

GoodBad

Distribution of patients according to oral hygiene and gender

Severity of the carious lesion

helthy low moderate high

6%

27%

59%

8%

severity grade

6 27

59

8

helthy low moderate high

Carious severity and oral hygiene

HEAL

THY

LOW

MO

DERA

TE

HIGH

HEAL

THY

LOW

MO

DERA

TE

HIGH

GOOD BAD

24.40%

34.10%39.00%

2.40% 4.00%

25.70%

61.10%

8.70%

GOOD BAD

Conclusions of Our Study

1. Dental careis showed a high prevalence in this group of patients

2. The highest value of DMFT index was observed in patients with 60 years old and more

3. Females were more affected than males

4. Moderate severity of carious lesions was found in this study

5. Pateints with bad oral hygiene developed highest severity of dental careis

Recommendations ..

The very high level of caries prevalence and dental treatment needs revealed by the present study demonstrate the necessity to target oral health services towards community-directed prevention and oral health promotion, in order to improve the oral health status of yemeni society .

It is necessary for oral health professionals to recognize the significance and importance of preventive activities.

An organized intervention, leading towards improving dental status through increasing the population’s knowledge, attitude, and behavior to dental care is recommended.

Special THANKS for …

Our Group would Like to Express the deepest gratitude and appreciation toward Prof.Dr. Renee Martinez .