design challenges in iot

Design challenges in IoTElectronics Rocks – 2014

October 10-11, NIMHANS, Bengaluru

Topics

Brief introduction

IoT layering

Use cases of IoT

Design challenges

Conclusion

Brief Introduction

About us

Emertxe (http://www.emertxe.com) is India’s one of the top IT finishing

schools & self learning kits provider. Our primary focus is on Embedded

with diversification focus on IT applications.

Our product division works on IoT based solutions with major focus in

Embedded aspect by focusing on the following areas:

• Hardware design

• Product engineering, integration and solutions

• Linux porting and turning

• Embedded application development

As an organization we have two fold vision:

• Contribute to education by minimizing industry-academia gap

• Build meaningful solutions to solve common problems

• That’s what we say “Make life easier”

Its big and real

IoT: Any TIME, Any THING, Any PLACE connection

Its your things

Your Things = Embedded Technologies, Your Data = Data Science

*Source: Microsoft IoT whitepaper

IoT layering

IoT layering

Application layer

(How data gives meaning?)

Cloud data

(How the data is stored?)

Network-Service edge

(How the device is connected to the Network?)

Embedded: Devices & sensors

(where and what to sense?)

Value proposition:

Agriculture

Farmer

Mobile network

IoT device & App

Agriculture ecosystem (Ex: Pump control,

PH, smart irrigation etc..)

Key Values:

Security (Ex: Snake bytes)

Ease of use (Ex: Localization)

Efficiency (Ex: Travel time)

Cost effective (Ex: One time

investment)

Decision making (Ex: Smart

irrigation)

Value proposition:

Mass manufacturingPla

nt

managem

ent

Network

(Mobile / PC)MIS

Device manageability

IoT deviceManufacturing

ecosystem

Key Values: Productivity

Overall Equipment Efficiency

Management decision making

Predictability

Capacity planning & expansion

Labor management

Case: Automated Embroidery

Design challenges

C1: Stability of network

Challenge:

• Deploying IoT products in network unstable (ex: Poor GSM / GPRS signals) environment creates issues

Factors:

• Link speed

• Link stability

• SW state machine

• Asynchronous conditions

Resolution:

• Boundary value tuning

• Algorithm enhancement

• Dynamic detection

C2: Power management

Challenge:

• Overall power consumption by sensory nodes in IoT should be minimal, should consider fluctuations as well

Factors:

• Minimalistic power need

• Higher power backup

• Power fluctuations

• Power failure recovery

Resolution:

• Component selection

• SW turning

C3: Network failover &

Memory management

Challenge:

• During network failover, internal non-volatile memory should store critical data

Factors:

• Network outage

• Fleet management

• Optimization

• Cost implications

Resolution:

• Decision making in NVM

• Choosing right memory and data structure

• NOR instead of NAND

• Creating secondary partition for failover handling

C4: OS optimization &

Tuning

Challenge:

• In case of IoT devices running OS (Ex: Embedded Linux) optimizing and tuning provides challenges

Factors:

• Open source usage

• Unsupported peripherals

• Size requirements

• Performance requirements (ex: Boot time)

Resolution:

• Custom device drivers

• Open source size reduction techniques

• Tuning Kernel subsystems

C5: Non-functional

requirements

Challenge:

• Non functional requirements puts up a lot of challenges during design phase

Factors:

• Product casing

• Form factor

• EMI

• Regulatory requirements

Resolution:

• Industrial Standards

• Good Shielding

• Component Selection, Standards and Security Protocols

Conclusion

The design phase of IoT is a very fast field with umpteen number

of challenges

Many of the common design challenges faced in Embedded field

apply to IoT as well, with some specifics

This sharing is based on our hands-on product building experience

Might vastly vary between different types of IoT devices

By having an engineering approach, many of the issues can be

resolved

Stay connected

Jayakumar Balasubramanian: b.jayakumar@emertxe.com

Syed Adil: adil_sk@emertxe.com

Emertxe Information Technologies,

No-1, 9th Cross, 5th Main,Jayamahal Extension,Bangalore, Karnataka 560046

T: +91 80 6562 9666

https://www.facebook.com/Emertxe https://twitter.com/EmertxeTweet https://www.slideshare.net/EmertxeSlides

THANK YOU