designing for the invisible

Designing for the InvisibleUser-Centered Design of Infrastructure Awareness Systems

Juan David Hincapié-Ramos – jdhr@itu.dkAurélien Tabard – auta@itu.dkJakob E. Bardram – bardram@itu.dk

Mini-Grid

2

Infrastructures

Infrastructures are Invisible!

Problems of Invisibility– Use (trust)– Adoption– Capacity (Mini-Grid)

Vizualizations

Seamful Design Intelligibility

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GridOrbit

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Designing GridOrbit

• Future Workshop• Paper Protoryping• Short Iterations –

Evaluations

• Designing for the Invisible

• Lack of understanding– Nature of the

Infrastructure– Characteristis– Potential

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Problems for Design

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AMCard Technique

AMCardmatching of the users’ interests with the information the infrastructure awareness system can provide

Infrastructure Awareness Model

O

NimbusWhat the entity projects about itself

Focus:What the entity is interested in

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A B

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A

UI

IA

9

IA

AMCard Technique

UI

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Focus CardsThe users’ interests

Nimbus CardsThe infrastructure’s features

Inspiration Cards

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Picture taken from the original paper: Halskov, K. and Dalsgård, P. 2006. Inspiration card workshops. In Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Designing interactive Systems (University Park, PA, USA, June 26 - 28, 2006). DIS '06. ACM, New York, NY, 2-11. DOI= http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1142405.1142409

User Focus Cards

Infrastructure Critique, Implications for Redesign

Infrastructure Awareness System’s Features

Fieldwork

Infrastructure

User Focus Cards

Nimbus Cards

AMC Workshop

Design Concept+ Closure

Infrastructure Awareness Prototype

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Design Presentation Matching Closure

Technique Stages

The InfAwareness

System

AMC – Design

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AMC – Presentation

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AMC – Matching (1/2)

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AMC – Matching (2/2)

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AMC – Closure

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MatchedThe interests can be met

MissedEither interests orinfrastructure are insufficient

DiscardedIrrelevant for the solution

• 15 groups• 11 matches• 4 missed• 13 cards discarted• 9 focus• 4 nimbus

Results

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To evaluate how relevant is the information displayed by infrastructure awareness systems.A

To identify which of the users interests infrastructures awareness systems do not take into account.BTo identify elements of re-design in the infrastructures themselves so as to improve their adoptability.C

Relevant: machines and people associated to them No Relevant: the details of task distribution.

Algorithms, input data and parameters

Task execution results (numeric or graphical)

Closure Analisys

• Which of the infrastructure features being shown, but not relevant (e.g. bidding activity);

• Which of the infrastructure features not being shown, but relevant (e.g. the data used to execute a task);

• Which elements of interest the awareness system could display to engage people even though not supported by the infrastructure (e.g. latest publications).

• Which elements of the infrastructure were missing to answer users’ interests (e.g. sharing of results).