diabetes - 4th semi
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8/2/2019 Diabetes - 4th Semi
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DIABETES
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Diabetes mellitus, often simply
referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a personhas high blood sugar,
either because –1. The body does not produce
enough insulin,
2. Or because cells do not respond to
DIABETES
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• Polyuria (frequent urination)
•
Polydipsia (increased thirst)• Polyphagia (increased hunger)
• Unexplained weight loss
• Sudden vision
• Numbness in hands or feet
•
Poor circulation
SYMPTOMS
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• Hereditary or Inherited Traits
• Age
•
Poor Diet (Malnutrition RelatedDiabetes
• Obesity and Fat Distribution
• Sedentary Lifestyle
• Stress
•
Drug Induced
CAUSES
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TYPES OFDIABETES
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• Type 1 Diabetes is autoimmune
disease that affects 0.3% onaverage.
•
Results from the body's failure toproduce insulin, and presentlyrequires the person to inject insulin.
TYPE 1
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• Researchers believe that some of the Etiology and Risk factorswhich may trigger type 1 diabetes
may be genetic, poor diet(malnutrition) and environment (virusaffecting pancreas).
• Secondly, in most of the cases,diabetes occurs because there is
abnormal secretion of
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• Type 2 Diabetes is also called non
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes.
•
It occurs when the body producesenough insulin but cannot utilize iteffectively.
TYPE 2
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• This type of diabetes usuallydevelops in middle age. A generalobservation says that about 90-95 %
of people suffering with diabetes aretype 2; about 80 percentare overweight
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Gestational diabetes - is when
pregnant women, who have never haddiabetes before, have a high bloodglucose level during pregnancy.
It may precede development of type 2 DM.
GESTATIONALDIABETES
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• About 20%–50% of affected womendevelop type 2 diabetes later in life.
• Risks to the babyinclude macrosomia (high birth
weight), congenital cardiac andcentral nervous system anomalies,and skeletal muscle malformations.Increased fetal insulin may inhibit
fetal surfactant production and
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•
Diet: A proper diabetic diet shouldhave
• 1. A low simple carbohydrates,
• 2. Moderate protein and
• 3. High fiber.
• This diabetic diet will -
• 1.reduce blood sugar,
• 2. reduce insulin levels, and
NATURAL CURE
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•
• Exercise: Regular physical activity
helps-
• 1. reduce weight,
•
2. lower blood sugar,• 3. improve insulin sensitivity,
• 4. strengthen the immune system,
• 5. improve circulation, &
NATURAL CURE
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DRUGS
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STIGALIPTIN
• BRAND NAME : Januvia
• MANUFACTURER : Merck &SunPharma
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• Diarrhea
• Headache
•
Nausea• Runny or stuffy nose
• Sore throat
• Upper respiratory infection
• Upset stomach.
SIDE EFFECTS
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THIAZOLINEDIONE
• Brand Name : Pioglitazone,Actos. rosiglitazone, Avandia
• Manufacturer : Zydus
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• Incidence of hepatitis
•
potential liver failure• water retention, leading to edema
• Increased risk of coronary heart
disease
SIDE EFFECTS
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