doc smoking cessation · 2017. 10. 26. · data collection at detention facilities prevalence...
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U N I V E R S I T Y O F C O N N E C T I C U T S C H O O L O F S O C I A L W O R K
C T D E P A R T M E N T O F M E N T A L H E A L T H & A D D I C T I O N S E R V I C E S
J U L Y 2 0 1 7
DOC Smoking CessationHWH Data Collection
Data collection at Halfway Houses
Total Data Collected as of 7/17/17:
19 sites visited Bridgeport, Hartford, New Haven, Waterbury, Norwich
385 Residents available
Present during research staff visit
279 Surveys completed
Voluntary participation, valid surveys only
72% Completion rate
Data Collection at Detention Facilities
Prevalence survey conducted in DOC facilities 2 Jails:
Hartford Correctional Center (HCC)
New Haven Correctional Center (NHCC)
4 Prisons:
Carl Robinson Correctional Institution (CRCI)
Willard-Cybulski Correctional Institution (WCCCI)
Prison and pre-release site
Manson Youth Institution (MYI)
Male facility for youth and young adult offenders
York Correctional Institution
Women’s combined jail & prison facility
Halfway House Data Collection
Number of Beds Filled
Residents Available
Total Surveys Completed
Hartford 207 140 91
Bridgeport 44 28 28
New Haven 190 116 75
Waterbury 144 98 82
Norwich 18 3 3
Prevalence Survey Questions
Basic demographic information
Smoking habits
Intensity of addiction—Fagerström tool
Desire to stop smoking
Barriers to smoking cessation
Nicotine Tolerance Scores Scores derived from totaling of responses to items in the Karl Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Questionnaire
Items, response choices, and scoring are in the tables below:
How many cigarettes per day do you smoke?
Response Choices
a) 10 or less
b) 11 – 20
c) 21 – 30
d) 31 or more
Points
0
1
2
3
How soon after you wake up would you like to smoke your first cigarette?
Response Choices
a) 0 – 5 min
b) 30 min
c) 31 – 60 min
d) After 60 min
Points
3
2
1
0
Do you find it difficult to keep from smoking in places where it isn’t allowed?
Response Choices
a) Yes
b) No
Points
1
0
Do you smoke more often during the first hours after waking up than during the rest
of the day?
Response Choices
a) Yes
b) No
Points
1
0
Which cigarette would you hate most to give up?
Response Choices
a) The first in the morning
b) Any other
Points
1
0
Do you smoke even if you are so ill that you are in bed most of the day?
Response Choices
a) Yes
b) No
Points
1
0
TOTAL SCORE LEVEL OF DEPENDENCE
Points Tolerance
Level
Interpretation
0 – 3 Low – Mild physical dependence.
– Will benefit from professional
counseling.
– Pharmacotherapy not
recommended at initial assessment.
If patient has difficulty dealing with
withdrawal symptoms, further
assessment for pharmacotherapy to
be carried out to ascertain
suitability.
4 – 6 Medium – Moderate physical dependence.
– Require professional counseling.
– May recommend
pharmacotherapy if patient is
assessed to be suitable. Pharmacist
and/or doctor to provide more
advice on pharmacotherapy.
7 – 10 High – Strong physical dependence.
– Require professional counseling.
– Recommend pharmacotherapy if
patient is assessed to be suitable.
Pharmacist and/or doctor to provide
more advice on pharmacotherapy.
Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Mean Scores (DOC facilities)
3.15 3.06 3.10
2.70 2.732.83
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
HCC NHCC York MYI CRCI WCCI
*Questions relate to smoking habits before current incarceration
*Higher scores indicate higher nicotine tolerance
Mean
Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Mean Scores (Halfway House sites)
1.57
2.43
4.80
2.67
2.08
3.75
3.112.80
2.22
2.71
3.63
2.472.78
3.002.85
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
*Questions relate to smoking habits before most recent incarceration
*Higher scores indicate higher nicotine tolerance
Mean
Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Mean Scores (Halfway House sites)
2.88
3.25
4.00
3.21
2.57
2.923.17
2.43
3.00
3.82
4.46
3.34 3.41
3.002.85
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
*Questions relate to smoking habits during current halfway house stay
*Higher scores indicate higher nicotine tolerance
Mean
Nicotine Dependence Scores
Scores derived from totaling of responses to 3 items in the Karl Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Questionnaire. These 3 items make up the Nicotine Dependence variable:
“How soon after you wake up would you like to smoke your first
cigarette?”
“Which cigarette would you hate to give up most?”
“How many cigarettes per day do you smoke?”
Mean Nicotine Dependence Scores (DOC Facilities)
5.215.00 5.12
4.50 4.45 4.58
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
HCC NHCC York MYI CRCI WCCI
*Questions relate to smoking habits before current incarceration
*Higher scores indicate greater nicotine dependence
Mean
Mean Nicotine Dependence Scores (Halfway House sites)
2.43
4.14
7.20
4.00
3.42
5.92
4.67 4.60
3.22
4.29
5.75
4.004.30
5.00
4.23
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
*Questions relate to smoking habits before most recent incarceration
*Higher scores indicate greater nicotine dependence
Mean
Mean Nicotine Dependence Scores (Halfway House sites)
3.33 3.43
4.80
3.33
2.40
3.82
3.38 3.50 3.63
4.504.33
4.10 4.05
5.00
3.21
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
*Questions relate to smoking habits during current halfway house stay
*Higher scores indicate greater nicotine dependence
Mean
Ever been in hospital or gone to ER due to mental health problem? (DOC Facilities)
33%35%
61%
29% 30% 31%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
HCC NHCC York MYI CRCI WCCI
Perc
en
t
Ever been in hospital or gone to ER due to mental health problem? (Halfway House Sites)
25%
50% 50%
32%
36%
54%
17%
29%
36%
18%
25%
31%
28%
50%
20%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Perc
en
tag
e
How much do you want to quit smoking? (DOC Facilities)
5.245.02
4.48 4.32
5.77
5.30
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
HCC NHCC York MYI CRCI WCCI
Mean Quitting Desire Score (7-point scale)
1=‘Not at all’ 7=‘Very much’
Mean
How much do you want to quit smoking? (Halfway House sites)
4.14 4.00 3.88 3.87
5.55
3.25
2.13
3.50
5.63
3.293.00
5.46
3.93
5.00
3.69
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Mean Quitting Desire Score (7-point scale)
1=‘Not at all’ 7=‘Very much’
Mean
How likely is it that you will stay off cigarettes after you are released from jail/prison?
3.69 3.77
3.08
3.75
4.97
4.49
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
HCC NHCC York MYI CRCI WCCI
Mean
Mean Quit Likelihood Score (7-point scale)
1='Extremely Unlikely‘ 7='Extremely Likely'
How likely is it that you will stay off cigarettes after you are released from the halfway house?
3.63
4.734.57
3.80
5.09
4.17
3.783.50
3.30
4.13
4.55 4.48 4.39
3.00
3.50
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Mean Quit Likelihood Score (7-point scale)
1=‘Extremely Unlikely’ 7=‘Extremely Likely’
Mean
Confidence level for successfully quitting within 6 months after release from jail/prison
52.4955.98
45.79
55.60
68.9464.12
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
HCC NHCC York MYI CRCI WCCI
Mean Quitting Confidence Score (100-point scale)
0=‘Absolutely No Confidence at All’ 100=‘Completely Confident’
Mean
Confidence level for successfully quitting within 6 months after release from halfway house
63.75
57.27
62.8661.13
60.91
33.75 34.29
48.5053.50
55.00
62.5059.57
50.54
55.0052.50
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
Mean Quitting Confidence Score (100-point scale)
0=‘Absolutely No Confidence at All’ 100=‘Completely Confident’
Mean
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